--- _id: '899' abstract: - lang: eng text: Understanding fitness landscapes, a conceptual depiction of the genotype-to-phenotype relationship, is crucial to many areas of biology. Two aspects of fitness landscapes are the focus of contemporary studies of molecular evolution. First, the local shape of the fitness landscape defined by the contribution of individual alleles to fitness that is independent of all genetic interactions. Second, the global, multidimensional fitness landscape shape determined by how interactions between alleles at different loci change each other’s fitness impact, or epistasis. In explaining the high amino-acid usage (u), we focused on the global shape of the fitness landscape, ignoring the perturbations at individual sites. author: - first_name: Michael full_name: Breen, Michael S last_name: Breen - first_name: Carsten full_name: Kemena, Carsten last_name: Kemena - first_name: Peter full_name: Vlasov, Peter K last_name: Vlasov - first_name: Cédric full_name: Notredame, Cédric last_name: Notredame - first_name: Fyodor full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kondrashov orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694 citation: ama: Breen M, Kemena C, Vlasov P, Notredame C, Kondrashov F. Breen et al. reply. Nature. 2013;497(7451):E2-E3. doi:10.1038/nature12220 apa: Breen, M., Kemena, C., Vlasov, P., Notredame, C., & Kondrashov, F. (2013). Breen et al. reply. Nature. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12220 chicago: Breen, Michael, Carsten Kemena, Peter Vlasov, Cédric Notredame, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Breen et Al. Reply.” Nature. Nature Publishing Group, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12220. ieee: M. Breen, C. Kemena, P. Vlasov, C. Notredame, and F. Kondrashov, “Breen et al. reply,” Nature, vol. 497, no. 7451. Nature Publishing Group, pp. E2–E3, 2013. ista: Breen M, Kemena C, Vlasov P, Notredame C, Kondrashov F. 2013. Breen et al. reply. Nature. 497(7451), E2–E3. mla: Breen, Michael, et al. “Breen et Al. Reply.” Nature, vol. 497, no. 7451, Nature Publishing Group, 2013, pp. E2–3, doi:10.1038/nature12220. short: M. Breen, C. Kemena, P. Vlasov, C. Notredame, F. Kondrashov, Nature 497 (2013) E2–E3. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:05Z date_published: 2013-05-30T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:40Z day: '30' doi: 10.1038/nature12220 extern: 1 intvolume: ' 497' issue: '7451' month: '05' page: E2 - E3 publication: Nature publication_status: published publisher: Nature Publishing Group publist_id: '6747' quality_controlled: 0 status: public title: Breen et al. reply type: journal_article volume: 497 year: '2013' ...