--- _id: '8606' abstract: - lang: eng text: The leaf is a crucial organ evolved with remarkable morphological diversity to maximize plant photosynthesis. The leaf shape is a key trait that affects photosynthesis, flowering rates, disease resistance, and yield. Although many genes regulating leaf development have been identified in the past years, the precise regulatory architecture underlying the generation of diverse leaf shapes remains to be elucidated. We used cotton as a reference model to probe the genetic framework underlying divergent leaf forms. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the GhARF16‐1 and GhKNOX2‐1 genes might be potential regulators of leaf shape. We functionally characterized the auxin‐responsive factor ARF16‐1 acting upstream of GhKNOX2‐1 to determine leaf morphology in cotton. The transcription of GhARF16‐1 was significantly higher in lobed‐leaved cotton than in smooth‐leaved cotton. Furthermore, the overexpression of GhARF16‐1 led to the upregulation of GhKNOX2‐1 and resulted in more and deeper serrations in cotton leaves, similar to the leaf shape of cotton plants overexpressing GhKNOX2‐1. We found that GhARF16‐1 specifically bound to the promoter of GhKNOX2‐1 to induce its expression. The heterologous expression of GhARF16‐1 and GhKNOX2‐1 in Arabidopsis led to lobed and curly leaves, and a genetic analysis revealed that GhKNOX2‐1 is epistatic to GhARF16‐1 in Arabidopsis, suggesting that the GhARF16‐1 and GhKNOX2‐1 interaction paradigm also functions to regulate leaf shape in Arabidopsis. To our knowledge, our results uncover a novel mechanism by which auxin, through the key component ARF16‐1 and its downstream‐activated gene KNOX2‐1, determines leaf morphology in eudicots. acknowledgement: We are thankful to Professor Yuxian Zhu from Wuhan University for his extremely valuable remarks and helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation (2019JQ‐062 and 2020JQ‐410), Shaanxi Youth Entrusted Talents Program (20190205), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M640947, 2020T130394), Shaanxi Postdoctoral Project (2018BSHYDZZ76), Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (2018JZ3006), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (GK201903064, GK201901004, GK202002005 and GK202001004), and State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Open Fund (CB2020A12). article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: P full_name: He, P last_name: He - first_name: Yuzhou full_name: Zhang, Yuzhou id: 3B6137F2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Zhang orcid: 0000-0003-2627-6956 - first_name: H full_name: Li, H last_name: Li - first_name: X full_name: Fu, X last_name: Fu - first_name: H full_name: Shang, H last_name: Shang - first_name: C full_name: Zou, C last_name: Zou - first_name: Jiří full_name: Friml, Jiří id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Friml orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596 - first_name: G full_name: Xiao, G last_name: Xiao citation: ama: He P, Zhang Y, Li H, et al. GhARF16-1 modulates leaf development by transcriptionally regulating the GhKNOX2-1 gene in cotton. Plant Biotechnology Journal. 2021;19(3):548-562. doi:10.1111/pbi.13484 apa: He, P., Zhang, Y., Li, H., Fu, X., Shang, H., Zou, C., … Xiao, G. (2021). GhARF16-1 modulates leaf development by transcriptionally regulating the GhKNOX2-1 gene in cotton. Plant Biotechnology Journal. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13484 chicago: He, P, Yuzhou Zhang, H Li, X Fu, H Shang, C Zou, Jiří Friml, and G Xiao. “GhARF16-1 Modulates Leaf Development by Transcriptionally Regulating the GhKNOX2-1 Gene in Cotton.” Plant Biotechnology Journal. Wiley, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13484. ieee: P. He et al., “GhARF16-1 modulates leaf development by transcriptionally regulating the GhKNOX2-1 gene in cotton,” Plant Biotechnology Journal, vol. 19, no. 3. Wiley, pp. 548–562, 2021. ista: He P, Zhang Y, Li H, Fu X, Shang H, Zou C, Friml J, Xiao G. 2021. GhARF16-1 modulates leaf development by transcriptionally regulating the GhKNOX2-1 gene in cotton. Plant Biotechnology Journal. 19(3), 548–562. mla: He, P., et al. “GhARF16-1 Modulates Leaf Development by Transcriptionally Regulating the GhKNOX2-1 Gene in Cotton.” Plant Biotechnology Journal, vol. 19, no. 3, Wiley, 2021, pp. 548–62, doi:10.1111/pbi.13484. short: P. He, Y. Zhang, H. Li, X. Fu, H. Shang, C. Zou, J. Friml, G. Xiao, Plant Biotechnology Journal 19 (2021) 548–562. date_created: 2020-10-05T12:44:33Z date_published: 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-04T11:03:10Z day: '01' ddc: - '580' department: - _id: JiFr doi: 10.1111/pbi.13484 external_id: isi: - '000577682300001' pmid: - '32981232' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 63845be37fb962586e0c7773f2355970 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2021-04-12T12:29:07Z date_updated: 2021-04-12T12:29:07Z file_id: '9321' file_name: 2021_PlantBiotechJournal_He.pdf file_size: 15691871 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2021-04-12T12:29:07Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 19' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 548-562 pmid: 1 publication: Plant Biotechnology Journal publication_identifier: issn: - 1467-7644 - 1467-7652 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: GhARF16-1 modulates leaf development by transcriptionally regulating the GhKNOX2-1 gene in cotton tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 19 year: '2021' ...