---
_id: '8568'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Aqueous iodine based electrochemical energy storage is considered a potential
candidate to improve sustainability and performance of current battery and supercapacitor
technology. It harnesses the redox activity of iodide, iodine, and polyiodide
species in the confined geometry of nanoporous carbon electrodes. However, current
descriptions of the electrochemical reaction mechanism to interconvert these species
are elusive. Here we show that electrochemical oxidation of iodide in nanoporous
carbons forms persistent solid iodine deposits. Confinement slows down dissolution
into triiodide and pentaiodide, responsible for otherwise significant self-discharge
via shuttling. The main tools for these insights are in situ Raman spectroscopy
and in situ small and wide-angle X-ray scattering (in situ SAXS/WAXS). In situ
Raman confirms the reversible formation of triiodide and pentaiodide. In situ
SAXS/WAXS indicates remarkable amounts of solid iodine deposited in the carbon
nanopores. Combined with stochastic modeling, in situ SAXS allows quantifying
the solid iodine volume fraction and visualizing the iodine structure on 3D lattice
models at the sub-nanometer scale. Based on the derived mechanism, we demonstrate
strategies for improved iodine pore filling capacity and prevention of self-discharge,
applicable to hybrid supercapacitors and batteries.
article_number: '4838'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Prehal, Christian
last_name: Prehal
- first_name: Harald
full_name: Fitzek, Harald
last_name: Fitzek
- first_name: Gerald
full_name: Kothleitner, Gerald
last_name: Kothleitner
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Presser, Volker
last_name: Presser
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Gollas, Bernhard
last_name: Gollas
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Qamar
full_name: Abbas, Qamar
last_name: Abbas
citation:
ama: Prehal C, Fitzek H, Kothleitner G, et al. Persistent and reversible solid iodine
electrodeposition in nanoporous carbons. Nature Communications. 2020;11.
doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18610-6
apa: Prehal, C., Fitzek, H., Kothleitner, G., Presser, V., Gollas, B., Freunberger,
S. A., & Abbas, Q. (2020). Persistent and reversible solid iodine electrodeposition
in nanoporous carbons. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18610-6
chicago: Prehal, Christian, Harald Fitzek, Gerald Kothleitner, Volker Presser, Bernhard
Gollas, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, and Qamar Abbas. “Persistent and Reversible
Solid Iodine Electrodeposition in Nanoporous Carbons.” Nature Communications.
Springer Nature, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18610-6.
ieee: C. Prehal et al., “Persistent and reversible solid iodine electrodeposition
in nanoporous carbons,” Nature Communications, vol. 11. Springer Nature,
2020.
ista: Prehal C, Fitzek H, Kothleitner G, Presser V, Gollas B, Freunberger SA, Abbas
Q. 2020. Persistent and reversible solid iodine electrodeposition in nanoporous
carbons. Nature Communications. 11, 4838.
mla: Prehal, Christian, et al. “Persistent and Reversible Solid Iodine Electrodeposition
in Nanoporous Carbons.” Nature Communications, vol. 11, 4838, Springer
Nature, 2020, doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18610-6.
short: C. Prehal, H. Fitzek, G. Kothleitner, V. Presser, B. Gollas, S.A. Freunberger,
Q. Abbas, Nature Communications 11 (2020).
date_created: 2020-09-25T07:23:13Z
date_published: 2020-09-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-22T09:37:24Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: StFr
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18610-6
external_id:
isi:
- '000573756600004'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: eada7bc8dd16a49390137cff882ef328
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-28T13:16:15Z
date_updated: 2020-09-28T13:16:15Z
file_id: '8585'
file_name: 2020_NatureComm_Prehal.pdf
file_size: 1822469
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-09-28T13:16:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 11'
isi: 1
keyword:
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Physics and Astronomy
- General Chemistry
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- relation: erratum
url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19720-x
status: public
title: Persistent and reversible solid iodine electrodeposition in nanoporous carbons
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 11
year: '2020'
...