[{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3097128/","open_access":"1"}],"scopus_import":1,"intvolume":" 31","month":"03","publication_status":"published","language":[{}],"issue":"12","volume":31,"_id":"469","type":"journal_article","status":"public","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:00:49Z","creator":{"id":"4435EBFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","login":"apreinsp"},"department":[{"_id":"PeJo","tree":[{"_id":"ResearchGroups"},{"_id":"IST"}]}],"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","dc":{"date":["2011"],"publisher":["Wiley-Blackwell"],"type":["info:eu-repo/semantics/article","doc-type:article","text","http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"],"source":["Vyleta N, Smith S. Spontaneous glutamate release is independent of calcium influx and tonically activated by the calcium-sensing receptor. European Journal of Neuroscience. 2011;31(12):4593-4606. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6398-10.2011"],"relation":["info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6398-10.2011"],"identifier":["https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/469"],"description":["Spontaneous release of glutamate is important for maintaining synaptic strength and controlling spike timing in the brain. Mechanisms regulating spontaneous exocytosis remain poorly understood. Extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]o) regulates Ca2+ entry through voltage-activated calcium channels (VACCs) and consequently is a pivotal determinant of action potential-evoked vesicle fusion. Extracellular Ca 2+ also enhances spontaneous release, but via unknown mechanisms. Here we report that external Ca2+ triggers spontaneous glutamate release more weakly than evoked release in mouse neocortical neurons. Blockade of VACCs has no effect on the spontaneous release rate or its dependence on [Ca2+]o. Intracellular [Ca2+] slowly increases in a minority of neurons following increases in [Ca2+]o. Furthermore, the enhancement of spontaneous release by extracellular calcium is insensitive to chelation of intracellular calcium by BAPTA. Activation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a G-protein-coupled receptor present in nerve terminals, by several specific agonists increased spontaneous glutamate release. The frequency of spontaneous synaptic transmission was decreased in CaSR mutant neurons. The concentration-effect relationship for extracellular calcium regulation of spontaneous release was well described by a combination of CaSR-dependent and CaSR-independent mechanisms. Overall these results indicate that extracellular Ca2+ does not trigger spontaneous glutamate release by simply increasing calcium influx but stimulates CaSR and thereby promotes resting spontaneous glutamate release. "],"title":["Spontaneous glutamate release is independent of calcium influx and tonically activated by the calcium-sensing receptor"],"creator":["Vyleta, Nicholas","Smith, Stephen"],"language":["eng"],"rights":["info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess"]},"publication":"European Journal of Neuroscience","day":"23","page":"4593 - 4606","uri_base":"https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:39Z","date_published":"2011-03-23T00:00:00Z","dini_type":"doc-type:article","citation":{"apa":"Vyleta, N., & Smith, S. (2011). Spontaneous glutamate release is independent of calcium influx and tonically activated by the calcium-sensing receptor. European Journal of Neuroscience. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6398-10.2011","ieee":"N. Vyleta and S. Smith, “Spontaneous glutamate release is independent of calcium influx and tonically activated by the calcium-sensing receptor,” European Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 31, no. 12. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 4593–4606, 2011.","short":"N. Vyleta, S. Smith, European Journal of Neuroscience 31 (2011) 4593–4606.","mla":"Vyleta, Nicholas, and Stephen Smith. “Spontaneous Glutamate Release Is Independent of Calcium Influx and Tonically Activated by the Calcium-Sensing Receptor.” European Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 31, no. 12, Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, pp. 4593–606, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6398-10.2011.","ista":"Vyleta N, Smith S. 2011. Spontaneous glutamate release is independent of calcium influx and tonically activated by the calcium-sensing receptor. European Journal of Neuroscience. 31(12), 4593–4606.","chicago":"Vyleta, Nicholas, and Stephen Smith. “Spontaneous Glutamate Release Is Independent of Calcium Influx and Tonically Activated by the Calcium-Sensing Receptor.” European Journal of Neuroscience. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6398-10.2011."},"user_id":"4435EBFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publist_id":"7353","author":[{"id":"36C4978E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Vyleta"},{"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Smith"}]}]