---
_id: '4358'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Phenotypic biotyping has traditionally been used to differentiate bacteria
occupying distinct ecological niches such as host species. For example, the capacity
of Staphylococcus aureus from sheep to coagulate ruminant plasma, reported over
60 years ago, led to the description of small ruminant and bovine S. aureus ecovars.
The great majority of small ruminant isolates are represented by a single, widespread
clonal complex (CC133) of S. aureus, but its evolutionary origin and the molecular
basis for its host tropism remain unknown. Here, we provide evidence that the
CC133 clone evolved as the result of a human to ruminant host jump followed by
adaptive genome diversification. Comparative whole-genome sequencing revealed
molecular evidence for host adaptation including gene decay and diversification
of proteins involved in host-pathogen interactions. Importantly, several novel
mobile genetic elements encoding virulence proteins with attenuated or enhanced
activity in ruminants were widely distributed in CC133 isolates, suggesting a
key role in its host-specific interactions. To investigate this further, we examined
the activity of a novel staphylococcal pathogenicity island (SaPIov2) found in
the great majority of CC133 isolates which encodes a variant of the chromosomally
encoded von Willebrand-binding protein (vWbp(Sov2)), previously demonstrated to
have coagulase activity for human plasma. Remarkably, we discovered that SaPIov2
confers the ability to coagulate ruminant plasma suggesting an important role
in ruminant disease pathogenesis and revealing the origin of a defining phenotype
of the classical S. aureus biotyping scheme. Taken together, these data provide
broad new insights into the origin and molecular basis of S. aureus ruminant host
specificity.
author:
- first_name: Caitriona
full_name: Guinane, Caitriona M
last_name: Guinane
- first_name: Nouri
full_name: Ben Zakour, Nouri L
last_name: Ben Zakour
- first_name: Maria
full_name: Tormo-Mas, Maria A
last_name: Tormo Mas
- first_name: Lucy
full_name: Weinert, Lucy A
last_name: Weinert
- first_name: Bethan
full_name: Lowder, Bethan V
last_name: Lowder
- first_name: Robyn
full_name: Cartwright, Robyn A
last_name: Cartwright
- first_name: Davida
full_name: Smyth, Davida S
last_name: Smyth
- first_name: Cyril
full_name: Smyth, Cyril J
last_name: Smyth
- first_name: Jodi
full_name: Lindsay, Jodi A
last_name: Lindsay
- first_name: Katherine
full_name: Gould, Katherine A
last_name: Gould
- first_name: Adam
full_name: Witney, Adam
last_name: Witney
- first_name: Jason
full_name: Hinds, Jason
last_name: Hinds
- first_name: Jonathan P
full_name: Jonathan Bollback
id: 2C6FA9CC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bollback
orcid: 0000-0002-4624-4612
- first_name: Andrew
full_name: Rambaut, Andrew
last_name: Rambaut
- first_name: Jose
full_name: Penades, Jose R
last_name: Penades
- first_name: J Ross
full_name: Fitzgerald, J Ross
last_name: Fitzgerald
citation:
ama: Guinane C, Ben Zakour N, Tormo Mas M, et al. Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus
aureus reveals insights into the origin and molecular basis of ruminant host adaptation.
Genome Biology and Evolution. 2010;2:454-466. doi:10.1093/gbe/evq031
apa: Guinane, C., Ben Zakour, N., Tormo Mas, M., Weinert, L., Lowder, B., Cartwright,
R., … Fitzgerald, J. R. (2010). Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus aureus
reveals insights into the origin and molecular basis of ruminant host adaptation.
Genome Biology and Evolution. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evq031
chicago: Guinane, Caitriona, Nouri Ben Zakour, Maria Tormo Mas, Lucy Weinert, Bethan
Lowder, Robyn Cartwright, Davida Smyth, et al. “Evolutionary Genomics of Staphylococcus
Aureus Reveals Insights into the Origin and Molecular Basis of Ruminant Host Adaptation.”
Genome Biology and Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evq031.
ieee: C. Guinane et al., “Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus aureus
reveals insights into the origin and molecular basis of ruminant host adaptation,”
Genome Biology and Evolution, vol. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 454–466,
2010.
ista: Guinane C, Ben Zakour N, Tormo Mas M, Weinert L, Lowder B, Cartwright R, Smyth
D, Smyth C, Lindsay J, Gould K, Witney A, Hinds J, Bollback JP, Rambaut A, Penades
J, Fitzgerald JR. 2010. Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus aureus reveals
insights into the origin and molecular basis of ruminant host adaptation. Genome
Biology and Evolution. 2, 454–466.
mla: Guinane, Caitriona, et al. “Evolutionary Genomics of Staphylococcus Aureus
Reveals Insights into the Origin and Molecular Basis of Ruminant Host Adaptation.”
Genome Biology and Evolution, vol. 2, Oxford University Press, 2010, pp.
454–66, doi:10.1093/gbe/evq031.
short: C. Guinane, N. Ben Zakour, M. Tormo Mas, L. Weinert, B. Lowder, R. Cartwright,
D. Smyth, C. Smyth, J. Lindsay, K. Gould, A. Witney, J. Hinds, J.P. Bollback,
A. Rambaut, J. Penades, J.R. Fitzgerald, Genome Biology and Evolution 2 (2010)
454–466.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:27Z
date_published: 2010-06-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:56:23Z
day: '09'
doi: 10.1093/gbe/evq031
extern: 1
intvolume: ' 2'
month: '06'
page: 454 - 466
publication: Genome Biology and Evolution
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
publist_id: '1100'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus aureus reveals insights into the origin
and molecular basis of ruminant host adaptation
type: journal_article
volume: 2
year: '2010'
...