--- res: bibo_abstract: - Three-dimensional topological insulators are bulk insulators with Z 2 topological electronic order that gives rise to conducting light-like surface states. These surface electrons are exceptionally resistant to localization by non-magnetic disorder, and have been adopted as the basis for a wide range of proposals to achieve new quasiparticle species and device functionality. Recent studies have yielded a surprise by showing that in spite of resisting localization, topological insulator surface electrons can be reshaped by defects into distinctive resonance states. Here we use numerical simulations and scanning tunnelling microscopy data to show that these resonance states have significance well beyond the localized regime usually associated with impurity bands. At native densities in the model Bi2X3 (X=Bi, Te) compounds, defect resonance states are predicted to generate a new quantum basis for an emergent electron gas that supports diffusive electrical transport. @eng bibo_authorlist: - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Yishuai foaf_name: Xu, Yishuai foaf_surname: Xu - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Janet foaf_name: Chiu, Janet foaf_surname: Chiu - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Lin foaf_name: Miao, Lin foaf_surname: Miao - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Haowei foaf_name: He, Haowei foaf_surname: He - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Zhanybek foaf_name: Alpichshev, Zhanybek foaf_surname: Alpichshev foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=45E67A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0002-7183-5203 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Aharon foaf_name: Kapitulnik, Aharon foaf_surname: Kapitulnik - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Rudro foaf_name: Biswas, Rudro foaf_surname: Biswas - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Lewis foaf_name: Wray, Lewis foaf_surname: Wray bibo_doi: 10.1038/ncomms14081 bibo_volume: 8 dct_date: 2017^xs_gYear dct_language: eng dct_publisher: Nature Publishing Group@ dct_title: Disorder enabled band structure engineering of a topological insulator surface@ ...