{"quality_controlled":0,"status":"public","date_published":"2009-11-05T00:00:00Z","volume":4,"extern":1,"_id":"2686","title":"Visual properties of transgenic rats harboring the channelrhodopsin-2 gene regulated by the thy-1.2 promoter","citation":{"ieee":"H. Tomita <i>et al.</i>, “Visual properties of transgenic rats harboring the channelrhodopsin-2 gene regulated by the thy-1.2 promoter,” <i>PLoS One</i>, vol. 4, no. 11. Public Library of Science, 2009.","apa":"Tomita, H., Sugano, E., Fukazawa, Y., Isago, H., Sugiyama, Y., Hiroi, T., … Tamai, M. (2009). Visual properties of transgenic rats harboring the channelrhodopsin-2 gene regulated by the thy-1.2 promoter. <i>PLoS One</i>. Public Library of Science. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007679\">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007679</a>","ama":"Tomita H, Sugano E, Fukazawa Y, et al. Visual properties of transgenic rats harboring the channelrhodopsin-2 gene regulated by the thy-1.2 promoter. <i>PLoS One</i>. 2009;4(11). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007679\">10.1371/journal.pone.0007679</a>","chicago":"Tomita, Hiroshi, Eriko Sugano, Yugo Fukazawa, Hitomi Isago, Yuka Sugiyama, Teru Hiroi, Toru Ishizuka, et al. “Visual Properties of Transgenic Rats Harboring the Channelrhodopsin-2 Gene Regulated by the Thy-1.2 Promoter.” <i>PLoS One</i>. Public Library of Science, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007679\">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007679</a>.","short":"H. Tomita, E. Sugano, Y. Fukazawa, H. Isago, Y. Sugiyama, T. Hiroi, T. Ishizuka, H. Mushiake, M. Kato, M. Hirabayashi, R. Shigemoto, H. Yawo, M. Tamai, PLoS One 4 (2009).","mla":"Tomita, Hiroshi, et al. “Visual Properties of Transgenic Rats Harboring the Channelrhodopsin-2 Gene Regulated by the Thy-1.2 Promoter.” <i>PLoS One</i>, vol. 4, no. 11, Public Library of Science, 2009, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007679\">10.1371/journal.pone.0007679</a>.","ista":"Tomita H, Sugano E, Fukazawa Y, Isago H, Sugiyama Y, Hiroi T, Ishizuka T, Mushiake H, Kato M, Hirabayashi M, Shigemoto R, Yawo H, Tamai M. 2009. Visual properties of transgenic rats harboring the channelrhodopsin-2 gene regulated by the thy-1.2 promoter. PLoS One. 4(11)."},"intvolume":"         4","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:59:03Z","type":"journal_article","publist_id":"4211","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0007679","day":"05","publication":"PLoS One","author":[{"full_name":"Tomita, Hiroshi","last_name":"Tomita","first_name":"Hiroshi"},{"full_name":"Sugano, Eriko","last_name":"Sugano","first_name":"Eriko"},{"full_name":"Fukazawa, Yugo","last_name":"Fukazawa","first_name":"Yugo"},{"first_name":"Hitomi","last_name":"Isago","full_name":"Isago, Hitomi"},{"full_name":"Sugiyama, Yuka","last_name":"Sugiyama","first_name":"Yuka"},{"full_name":"Hiroi, Teru","last_name":"Hiroi","first_name":"Teru"},{"full_name":"Ishizuka, Toru","last_name":"Ishizuka","first_name":"Toru"},{"last_name":"Mushiake","first_name":"Hajime","full_name":"Mushiake, Hajime"},{"full_name":"Kato, Megumi","first_name":"Megumi","last_name":"Kato"},{"full_name":"Hirabayashi, Masumi","first_name":"Masumi","last_name":"Hirabayashi"},{"last_name":"Shigemoto","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","first_name":"Ryuichi","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Ryuichi Shigemoto"},{"full_name":"Yawo, Hiromu","last_name":"Yawo","first_name":"Hiromu"},{"first_name":"Makoto","last_name":"Tamai","full_name":"Tamai, Makoto"}],"issue":"11","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:04Z","month":"11","year":"2009","publisher":"Public Library of Science","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), one of the archea-type rhodopsins from green algae, is a potentially useful optogenetic tool for restoring vision in patients with photoreceptor degeneration, such as retinitis pigmentosa. If the ChR2 gene is transferred to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which send visual information to the brain, the RGCs may be repurposed to act as photoreceptors. In this study, by using a transgenic rat expressing ChR2 specifically in the RGCs under the regulation of a Thy-1.2 promoter, we tested the possibility that direct photoactivation of RGCs could restore effective vision. Although the contrast sensitivities of the optomotor responses of transgenic rats were similar to those observed in the wild-type rats, they were enhanced for visual stimuli of low-spatial frequency after the degeneration of native photoreceptors. This result suggests that the visual signals derived from the ChR2-expressing RGCs were reinterpreted by the brain to form behavior-related vision."}]}