TY - JOUR AB - How morphogen gradients are formed in target tissues is a key question for understanding the mechanisms of morphological patterning. Here, we review different mechanisms of morphogen gradient formation from theoretical and experimental points of view. First, a simple, comprehensive overview of the underlying biophysical principles of several mechanisms of gradient formation is provided. We then discuss the advantages and limitations of different experimental approaches to gradient formation analysis. AU - Wartlick, Ortrud AU - Anna Kicheva AU - González-Gaitán, Marcos A ID - 1720 IS - 3 JF - Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology TI - Morphogen gradient formation VL - 1 ER -