--- res: bibo_abstract: - Most migrating cells extrude their front by the force of actin polymerization. Polymerization requires an initial nucleation step, which is mediated by factors establishing either parallel filaments in the case of filopodia or branched filaments that form the branched lamellipodial network. Branches are considered essential for regular cell motility and are initiated by the Arp2/3 complex, which in turn is activated by nucleation-promoting factors of the WASP and WAVE families. Here we employed rapid amoeboid crawling leukocytes and found that deletion of the WAVE complex eliminated actin branching and thus lamellipodia formation. The cells were left with parallel filaments at the leading edge, which translated, depending on the differentiation status of the cell, into a unipolar pointed cell shape or cells with multiple filopodia. Remarkably, unipolar cells migrated with increased speed and enormous directional persistence, while they were unable to turn towards chemotactic gradients. Cells with multiple filopodia retained chemotactic activity but their migration was progressively impaired with increasing geometrical complexity of the extracellular environment. These findings establish that diversified leading edge protrusions serve as explorative structures while they slow down actual locomotion.@eng bibo_authorlist: - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Alexander F foaf_name: Leithner, Alexander F foaf_surname: Leithner foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=3B1B77E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0002-1073-744X - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Alexander foaf_name: Eichner, Alexander foaf_surname: Eichner foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=4DFA52AE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Jan foaf_name: Müller, Jan foaf_surname: Müller foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=AD07FDB4-0F61-11EA-8158-C4CC64CEAA8D - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Anne foaf_name: Reversat, Anne foaf_surname: Reversat foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=35B76592-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0003-0666-8928 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Markus foaf_name: Brown, Markus foaf_surname: Brown foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=3DAB9AFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Jan foaf_name: Schwarz, Jan foaf_surname: Schwarz foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=346C1EC6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Jack foaf_name: Merrin, Jack foaf_surname: Merrin foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: David foaf_name: De Gorter, David foaf_surname: De Gorter - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Florian foaf_name: Schur, Florian foaf_surname: Schur foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Jonathan foaf_name: Bayerl, Jonathan foaf_surname: Bayerl - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Ingrid foaf_name: De Vries, Ingrid foaf_surname: De Vries foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=4C7D837E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Stefan foaf_name: Wieser, Stefan foaf_surname: Wieser foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=355AA5A0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0002-2670-2217 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Robert foaf_name: Hauschild, Robert foaf_surname: Hauschild foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0001-9843-3522 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Frank foaf_name: Lai, Frank foaf_surname: Lai - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Markus foaf_name: Moser, Markus foaf_surname: Moser - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Dontscho foaf_name: Kerjaschki, Dontscho foaf_surname: Kerjaschki - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Klemens foaf_name: Rottner, Klemens foaf_surname: Rottner - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Victor foaf_name: Small, Victor foaf_surname: Small - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Theresia foaf_name: Stradal, Theresia foaf_surname: Stradal - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Michael K foaf_name: Sixt, Michael K foaf_surname: Sixt foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179 bibo_doi: 10.1038/ncb3426 bibo_volume: 18 dct_date: 2016^xs_gYear dct_language: eng dct_publisher: Nature Publishing Group@ dct_title: Diversified actin protrusions promote environmental exploration but are dispensable for locomotion of leukocytes@ ...