---
_id: '2891'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Quantitative automata are nondeterministic finite automata with edge weights.
They value a\r\nrun by some function from the sequence of visited weights to the
reals, and value a word by its\r\nminimal/maximal run. They generalize boolean
automata, and have gained much attention in\r\nrecent years. Unfortunately, important
automaton classes, such as sum, discounted-sum, and\r\nlimit-average automata,
cannot be determinized. Yet, the quantitative setting provides the potential\r\nof
approximate determinization. We define approximate determinization with respect
to\r\na distance function, and investigate this potential.\r\nWe show that sum
automata cannot be determinized approximately with respect to any\r\ndistance
function. However, restricting to nonnegative weights allows for approximate determinization\r\nwith
respect to some distance functions.\r\nDiscounted-sum automata allow for approximate
determinization, as the influence of a word’s\r\nsuffix is decaying. However,
the naive approach, of unfolding the automaton computations up\r\nto a sufficient
level, is shown to be doubly exponential in the discount factor. We provide an\r\nalternative
construction that is singly exponential in the discount factor, in the precision,
and\r\nin the number of states. We prove matching lower bounds, showing exponential
dependency on\r\neach of these three parameters.\r\nAverage and limit-average
automata are shown to prohibit approximate determinization with\r\nrespect to
any distance function, and this is the case even for two weights, 0 and 1."
acknowledgement: We thank Laurent Doyen for great ideas and valuable help in analyzing
discounted-sum automata.
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
author:
- first_name: Udi
full_name: Boker, Udi
id: 31E297B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Boker
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
ama: 'Boker U, Henzinger TA. Approximate determinization of quantitative automata.
In: Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics. Vol 18. Schloss Dagstuhl
- Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2012:362-373. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362'
apa: 'Boker, U., & Henzinger, T. A. (2012). Approximate determinization of quantitative
automata. In Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (Vol. 18,
pp. 362–373). Hyderabad, India: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik.
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362'
chicago: Boker, Udi, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Approximate Determinization of Quantitative
Automata.” In Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, 18:362–73.
Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362.
ieee: U. Boker and T. A. Henzinger, “Approximate determinization of quantitative
automata,” in Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, Hyderabad,
India, 2012, vol. 18, pp. 362–373.
ista: 'Boker U, Henzinger TA. 2012. Approximate determinization of quantitative
automata. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics. FSTTCS: Foundations
of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, LIPIcs, vol. 18, 362–373.'
mla: Boker, Udi, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Approximate Determinization of Quantitative
Automata.” Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, vol. 18, Schloss
Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2012, pp. 362–73, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362.
short: U. Boker, T.A. Henzinger, in:, Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics,
Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2012, pp. 362–373.
conference:
end_date: 2012-12-17
location: Hyderabad, India
name: 'FSTTCS: Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science'
start_date: 2012-12-15
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:10Z
date_published: 2012-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:00:31Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 88da18d3e2cb2e5011d7d10ce38a3864
content_type: application/pdf
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T10:10:37Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:52Z
file_id: '4826'
file_name: IST-2017-805-v1+1_34.pdf
file_size: 559069
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:52Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 18'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 362 - 373
project:
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '267989'
name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling
publication: Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
publist_id: '3867'
pubrep_id: '805'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Approximate determinization of quantitative automata
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 18
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '2890'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Systems are often specified using multiple requirements on their behavior.
In practice, these requirements can be contradictory. The classical approach to
specification, verification, and synthesis demands more detailed specifications
that resolve any contradictions in the requirements. These detailed specifications
are usually large, cumbersome, and hard to maintain or modify. In contrast, quantitative
frameworks allow the formalization of the intuitive idea that what is desired
is an implementation that comes "closest" to satisfying the mutually
incompatible requirements, according to a measure of fit that can be defined by
the requirements engineer. One flexible framework for quantifying how "well"
an implementation satisfies a specification is offered by simulation distances
that are parameterized by an error model. We introduce this framework, study its
properties, and provide an algorithmic solution for the following quantitative
synthesis question: given two (or more) behavioral requirements specified by possibly
incompatible finite-state machines, and an error model, find the finite-state
implementation that minimizes the maximal simulation distance to the given requirements.
Furthermore, we generalize the framework to handle infinite alphabets (for example,
realvalued domains). We also demonstrate how quantitative specifications based
on simulation distances might lead to smaller and easier to modify specifications.
Finally, we illustrate our approach using case studies on error correcting codes
and scheduler synthesis.'
author:
- first_name: Pavol
full_name: Cerny, Pavol
id: 4DCBEFFE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cerny
- first_name: Sivakanth
full_name: Gopi, Sivakanth
last_name: Gopi
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Arjun
full_name: Radhakrishna, Arjun
id: 3B51CAC4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Radhakrishna
- first_name: Nishant
full_name: Totla, Nishant
last_name: Totla
citation:
ama: 'Cerny P, Gopi S, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A, Totla N. Synthesis from incompatible
specifications. In: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on
Embedded Software. ACM; 2012:53-62. doi:10.1145/2380356.2380371'
apa: 'Cerny, P., Gopi, S., Henzinger, T. A., Radhakrishna, A., & Totla, N. (2012).
Synthesis from incompatible specifications. In Proceedings of the tenth ACM
international conference on Embedded software (pp. 53–62). Tampere, Finland:
ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380371'
chicago: Cerny, Pavol, Sivakanth Gopi, Thomas A Henzinger, Arjun Radhakrishna, and
Nishant Totla. “Synthesis from Incompatible Specifications.” In Proceedings
of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, 53–62. ACM,
2012. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380371.
ieee: P. Cerny, S. Gopi, T. A. Henzinger, A. Radhakrishna, and N. Totla, “Synthesis
from incompatible specifications,” in Proceedings of the tenth ACM international
conference on Embedded software, Tampere, Finland, 2012, pp. 53–62.
ista: 'Cerny P, Gopi S, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A, Totla N. 2012. Synthesis from
incompatible specifications. Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference
on Embedded software. EMSOFT: Embedded Software , 53–62.'
mla: Cerny, Pavol, et al. “Synthesis from Incompatible Specifications.” Proceedings
of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012,
pp. 53–62, doi:10.1145/2380356.2380371.
short: P. Cerny, S. Gopi, T.A. Henzinger, A. Radhakrishna, N. Totla, in:, Proceedings
of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012, pp.
53–62.
conference:
end_date: 2012-10-12
location: Tampere, Finland
name: 'EMSOFT: Embedded Software '
start_date: 2012-10-07
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:10Z
date_published: 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:00:30Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.1145/2380356.2380371
ec_funded: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 53 - 62
project:
- _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '267989'
name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication: Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
publist_id: '3868'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Synthesis from incompatible specifications
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '2888'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Formal verification aims to improve the quality of hardware and software by
detecting errors before they do harm. At the basis of formal verification lies
the logical notion of correctness, which purports to capture whether or not a
circuit or program behaves as desired. We suggest that the boolean partition into
correct and incorrect systems falls short of the practical need to assess the
behavior of hardware and software in a more nuanced fashion against multiple criteria.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
ama: 'Henzinger TA. Quantitative reactive models. In: Conference Proceedings
MODELS 2012. Vol 7590. Springer; 2012:1-2. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1'
apa: 'Henzinger, T. A. (2012). Quantitative reactive models. In Conference proceedings
MODELS 2012 (Vol. 7590, pp. 1–2). Innsbruck, Austria: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1'
chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Quantitative Reactive Models.” In Conference Proceedings
MODELS 2012, 7590:1–2. Springer, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1.
ieee: T. A. Henzinger, “Quantitative reactive models,” in Conference proceedings
MODELS 2012, Innsbruck, Austria, 2012, vol. 7590, pp. 1–2.
ista: 'Henzinger TA. 2012. Quantitative reactive models. Conference proceedings
MODELS 2012. MODELS: Model-driven Engineering Languages and Systems, LNCS, vol.
7590, 1–2.'
mla: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Quantitative Reactive Models.” Conference Proceedings
MODELS 2012, vol. 7590, Springer, 2012, pp. 1–2, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1.
short: T.A. Henzinger, in:, Conference Proceedings MODELS 2012, Springer, 2012,
pp. 1–2.
conference:
end_date: 2012-10-05
location: Innsbruck, Austria
name: 'MODELS: Model-driven Engineering Languages and Systems'
start_date: 2012-09-30
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:09Z
date_published: 2012-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:00:29Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1
ec_funded: 1
intvolume: ' 7590'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 1 - 2
project:
- _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '267989'
name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication: Conference proceedings MODELS 2012
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '3870'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Quantitative reactive models
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7590
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '2916'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The classical (boolean) notion of refinement for behavioral interfaces of
system components is the alternating refinement preorder. In this paper, we define
a quantitative measure for interfaces, called interface simulation distance. It
makes the alternating refinement preorder quantitative by, intu- itively, tolerating
errors (while counting them) in the alternating simulation game. We show that
the interface simulation distance satisfies the triangle inequality, that the
distance between two interfaces does not increase under parallel composition with
a third interface, and that the distance between two interfaces can be bounded
from above and below by distances between abstractions of the two interfaces.
We illustrate the framework, and the properties of the distances under composition
of interfaces, with two case studies.
author:
- first_name: Pavol
full_name: Cerny, Pavol
id: 4DCBEFFE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cerny
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Chmelik, Martin
id: 3624234E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chmelik
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Arjun
full_name: Radhakrishna, Arjun
id: 3B51CAC4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Radhakrishna
citation:
ama: 'Cerny P, Chmelik M, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A. Interface Simulation Distances.
In: Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science. Vol 96. EPTCS;
2012:29-42. doi:10.4204/EPTCS.96.3'
apa: 'Cerny, P., Chmelik, M., Henzinger, T. A., & Radhakrishna, A. (2012). Interface
Simulation Distances. In Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science
(Vol. 96, pp. 29–42). Napoli, Italy: EPTCS. https://doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.96.3'
chicago: Cerny, Pavol, Martin Chmelik, Thomas A Henzinger, and Arjun Radhakrishna.
“Interface Simulation Distances.” In Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical
Computer Science, 96:29–42. EPTCS, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.96.3.
ieee: P. Cerny, M. Chmelik, T. A. Henzinger, and A. Radhakrishna, “Interface Simulation
Distances,” in Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science,
Napoli, Italy, 2012, vol. 96, pp. 29–42.
ista: 'Cerny P, Chmelik M, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A. 2012. Interface Simulation
Distances. Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science. GandALF: Games,
Automata, Logic, and Formal Verification vol. 96, 29–42.'
mla: Cerny, Pavol, et al. “Interface Simulation Distances.” Electronic Proceedings
in Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 96, EPTCS, 2012, pp. 29–42, doi:10.4204/EPTCS.96.3.
short: P. Cerny, M. Chmelik, T.A. Henzinger, A. Radhakrishna, in:, Electronic Proceedings
in Theoretical Computer Science, EPTCS, 2012, pp. 29–42.
conference:
end_date: 2012-09-08
location: Napoli, Italy
name: 'GandALF: Games, Automata, Logic, and Formal Verification'
start_date: 2012-09-06
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:19Z
date_published: 2012-10-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T10:12:05Z
day: '07'
department:
- _id: ToHe
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4204/EPTCS.96.3
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1210.2450'
intvolume: ' 96'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: http://arxiv.org/abs/1210.2450
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 29 - 42
project:
- _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '267989'
name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P 23499-N23
name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 2587B514-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship
publication: Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science
publication_status: published
publisher: EPTCS
publist_id: '3827'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '1733'
relation: later_version
status: public
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Interface Simulation Distances
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 96
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '2936'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The notion of delays arises naturally in many computational models, such as,
in the design of circuits, control systems, and dataflow languages. In this work,
we introduce automata with delay blocks (ADBs), extending finite state automata
with variable time delay blocks, for deferring individual transition output symbols,
in a discrete-time setting. We show that the ADB languages strictly subsume the
regular languages, and are incomparable in expressive power to the context-free
languages. We show that ADBs are closed under union, concatenation and Kleene
star, and under intersection with regular languages, but not closed under complementation
and intersection with other ADB languages. We show that the emptiness and the
membership problems are decidable in polynomial time for ADBs, whereas the universality
problem is undecidable. Finally we consider the linear-time model checking problem,
i.e., whether the language of an ADB is contained in a regular language, and show
that the model checking problem is PSPACE-complete. Copyright 2012 ACM.
acknowledgement: 'This work has been financially supported in part by the European
Commission FP7-ICT Cognitive Systems, Interaction, and Robotics under the contract
# 270180 (NOPTILUS); by Fundacao para Ciencia e Tecnologia under project PTDC/EEA-CRO/104901/2008
(Modeling and control of Networked vehicle systems in persistent autonomous operations);
by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Grant No P 23499-N23 on Modern Graph Algorithmic
Techniques in Formal Verification; FWF NFN Grant No S11407-N23 (RiSE); ERC Start
grant (279307: Graph Games); Microsoft faculty fellows award; ERC Advanced grant
QUAREM; and FWF Grant No S11403-N23 (RiSE).'
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Vinayak
full_name: Prabhu, Vinayak
last_name: Prabhu
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Prabhu V. Finite automata with time delay blocks.
In: Roceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software.
ACM; 2012:43-52. doi:10.1145/2380356.2380370'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Henzinger, T. A., & Prabhu, V. (2012). Finite automata
with time delay blocks. In roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference
on Embedded software (pp. 43–52). Tampere, Finland: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380370'
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Thomas A Henzinger, and Vinayak Prabhu. “Finite
Automata with Time Delay Blocks.” In Roceedings of the Tenth ACM International
Conference on Embedded Software, 43–52. ACM, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380370.
ieee: K. Chatterjee, T. A. Henzinger, and V. Prabhu, “Finite automata with time
delay blocks,” in roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded
software, Tampere, Finland, 2012, pp. 43–52.
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Prabhu V. 2012. Finite automata with time delay
blocks. roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software.
EMSOFT: Embedded Software , 43–52.'
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Finite Automata with Time Delay Blocks.” Roceedings
of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012,
pp. 43–52, doi:10.1145/2380356.2380370.
short: K. Chatterjee, T.A. Henzinger, V. Prabhu, in:, Roceedings of the Tenth ACM
International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012, pp. 43–52.
conference:
end_date: 2012-10-12
location: Tampere, Finland
name: 'EMSOFT: Embedded Software '
start_date: 2012-10-07
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:26Z
date_published: 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:39:53Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: KrCh
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.1145/2380356.2380370
ec_funded: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.7019
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 43 - 52
project:
- _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P 23499-N23
name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification
- _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '267989'
name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
publication: roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
publist_id: '3799'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Finite automata with time delay blocks
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2012'
...