--- _id: '2891' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Quantitative automata are nondeterministic finite automata with edge weights. They value a\r\nrun by some function from the sequence of visited weights to the reals, and value a word by its\r\nminimal/maximal run. They generalize boolean automata, and have gained much attention in\r\nrecent years. Unfortunately, important automaton classes, such as sum, discounted-sum, and\r\nlimit-average automata, cannot be determinized. Yet, the quantitative setting provides the potential\r\nof approximate determinization. We define approximate determinization with respect to\r\na distance function, and investigate this potential.\r\nWe show that sum automata cannot be determinized approximately with respect to any\r\ndistance function. However, restricting to nonnegative weights allows for approximate determinization\r\nwith respect to some distance functions.\r\nDiscounted-sum automata allow for approximate determinization, as the influence of a word’s\r\nsuffix is decaying. However, the naive approach, of unfolding the automaton computations up\r\nto a sufficient level, is shown to be doubly exponential in the discount factor. We provide an\r\nalternative construction that is singly exponential in the discount factor, in the precision, and\r\nin the number of states. We prove matching lower bounds, showing exponential dependency on\r\neach of these three parameters.\r\nAverage and limit-average automata are shown to prohibit approximate determinization with\r\nrespect to any distance function, and this is the case even for two weights, 0 and 1." acknowledgement: We thank Laurent Doyen for great ideas and valuable help in analyzing discounted-sum automata. alternative_title: - LIPIcs author: - first_name: Udi full_name: Boker, Udi id: 31E297B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Boker - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 citation: ama: 'Boker U, Henzinger TA. Approximate determinization of quantitative automata. In: Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics. Vol 18. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2012:362-373. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362' apa: 'Boker, U., & Henzinger, T. A. (2012). Approximate determinization of quantitative automata. In Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (Vol. 18, pp. 362–373). Hyderabad, India: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362' chicago: Boker, Udi, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Approximate Determinization of Quantitative Automata.” In Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, 18:362–73. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362. ieee: U. Boker and T. A. Henzinger, “Approximate determinization of quantitative automata,” in Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, Hyderabad, India, 2012, vol. 18, pp. 362–373. ista: 'Boker U, Henzinger TA. 2012. Approximate determinization of quantitative automata. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics. FSTTCS: Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, LIPIcs, vol. 18, 362–373.' mla: Boker, Udi, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Approximate Determinization of Quantitative Automata.” Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, vol. 18, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2012, pp. 362–73, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362. short: U. Boker, T.A. Henzinger, in:, Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2012, pp. 362–373. conference: end_date: 2012-12-17 location: Hyderabad, India name: 'FSTTCS: Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science' start_date: 2012-12-15 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:10Z date_published: 2012-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:00:31Z day: '01' ddc: - '004' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2012.362 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 88da18d3e2cb2e5011d7d10ce38a3864 content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:10:37Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:52Z file_id: '4826' file_name: IST-2017-805-v1+1_34.pdf file_size: 559069 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:52Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 18' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 362 - 373 project: - _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: S 11407_N23 name: Rigorous Systems Engineering - _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '267989' name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling publication: Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics publication_status: published publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik publist_id: '3867' pubrep_id: '805' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Approximate determinization of quantitative automata tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: conference user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 18 year: '2012' ... --- _id: '2890' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Systems are often specified using multiple requirements on their behavior. In practice, these requirements can be contradictory. The classical approach to specification, verification, and synthesis demands more detailed specifications that resolve any contradictions in the requirements. These detailed specifications are usually large, cumbersome, and hard to maintain or modify. In contrast, quantitative frameworks allow the formalization of the intuitive idea that what is desired is an implementation that comes "closest" to satisfying the mutually incompatible requirements, according to a measure of fit that can be defined by the requirements engineer. One flexible framework for quantifying how "well" an implementation satisfies a specification is offered by simulation distances that are parameterized by an error model. We introduce this framework, study its properties, and provide an algorithmic solution for the following quantitative synthesis question: given two (or more) behavioral requirements specified by possibly incompatible finite-state machines, and an error model, find the finite-state implementation that minimizes the maximal simulation distance to the given requirements. Furthermore, we generalize the framework to handle infinite alphabets (for example, realvalued domains). We also demonstrate how quantitative specifications based on simulation distances might lead to smaller and easier to modify specifications. Finally, we illustrate our approach using case studies on error correcting codes and scheduler synthesis.' author: - first_name: Pavol full_name: Cerny, Pavol id: 4DCBEFFE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cerny - first_name: Sivakanth full_name: Gopi, Sivakanth last_name: Gopi - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Arjun full_name: Radhakrishna, Arjun id: 3B51CAC4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Radhakrishna - first_name: Nishant full_name: Totla, Nishant last_name: Totla citation: ama: 'Cerny P, Gopi S, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A, Totla N. Synthesis from incompatible specifications. In: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software. ACM; 2012:53-62. doi:10.1145/2380356.2380371' apa: 'Cerny, P., Gopi, S., Henzinger, T. A., Radhakrishna, A., & Totla, N. (2012). Synthesis from incompatible specifications. In Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software (pp. 53–62). Tampere, Finland: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380371' chicago: Cerny, Pavol, Sivakanth Gopi, Thomas A Henzinger, Arjun Radhakrishna, and Nishant Totla. “Synthesis from Incompatible Specifications.” In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, 53–62. ACM, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380371. ieee: P. Cerny, S. Gopi, T. A. Henzinger, A. Radhakrishna, and N. Totla, “Synthesis from incompatible specifications,” in Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software, Tampere, Finland, 2012, pp. 53–62. ista: 'Cerny P, Gopi S, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A, Totla N. 2012. Synthesis from incompatible specifications. Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software. EMSOFT: Embedded Software , 53–62.' mla: Cerny, Pavol, et al. “Synthesis from Incompatible Specifications.” Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012, pp. 53–62, doi:10.1145/2380356.2380371. short: P. Cerny, S. Gopi, T.A. Henzinger, A. Radhakrishna, N. Totla, in:, Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012, pp. 53–62. conference: end_date: 2012-10-12 location: Tampere, Finland name: 'EMSOFT: Embedded Software ' start_date: 2012-10-07 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:10Z date_published: 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:00:30Z day: '01' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1145/2380356.2380371 ec_funded: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa_version: None page: 53 - 62 project: - _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '267989' name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling - _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: S 11407_N23 name: Rigorous Systems Engineering publication: Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software publication_status: published publisher: ACM publist_id: '3868' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Synthesis from incompatible specifications type: conference user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2012' ... --- _id: '2888' abstract: - lang: eng text: Formal verification aims to improve the quality of hardware and software by detecting errors before they do harm. At the basis of formal verification lies the logical notion of correctness, which purports to capture whether or not a circuit or program behaves as desired. We suggest that the boolean partition into correct and incorrect systems falls short of the practical need to assess the behavior of hardware and software in a more nuanced fashion against multiple criteria. alternative_title: - LNCS author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA. Quantitative reactive models. In: Conference Proceedings MODELS 2012. Vol 7590. Springer; 2012:1-2. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A. (2012). Quantitative reactive models. In Conference proceedings MODELS 2012 (Vol. 7590, pp. 1–2). Innsbruck, Austria: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Quantitative Reactive Models.” In Conference Proceedings MODELS 2012, 7590:1–2. Springer, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1. ieee: T. A. Henzinger, “Quantitative reactive models,” in Conference proceedings MODELS 2012, Innsbruck, Austria, 2012, vol. 7590, pp. 1–2. ista: 'Henzinger TA. 2012. Quantitative reactive models. Conference proceedings MODELS 2012. MODELS: Model-driven Engineering Languages and Systems, LNCS, vol. 7590, 1–2.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Quantitative Reactive Models.” Conference Proceedings MODELS 2012, vol. 7590, Springer, 2012, pp. 1–2, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1. short: T.A. Henzinger, in:, Conference Proceedings MODELS 2012, Springer, 2012, pp. 1–2. conference: end_date: 2012-10-05 location: Innsbruck, Austria name: 'MODELS: Model-driven Engineering Languages and Systems' start_date: 2012-09-30 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:09Z date_published: 2012-09-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:00:29Z day: '01' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-33666-9_1 ec_funded: 1 intvolume: ' 7590' language: - iso: eng month: '09' oa_version: None page: 1 - 2 project: - _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '267989' name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling - _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: S 11407_N23 name: Rigorous Systems Engineering publication: Conference proceedings MODELS 2012 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '3870' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Quantitative reactive models type: conference user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 7590 year: '2012' ... --- _id: '2916' abstract: - lang: eng text: The classical (boolean) notion of refinement for behavioral interfaces of system components is the alternating refinement preorder. In this paper, we define a quantitative measure for interfaces, called interface simulation distance. It makes the alternating refinement preorder quantitative by, intu- itively, tolerating errors (while counting them) in the alternating simulation game. We show that the interface simulation distance satisfies the triangle inequality, that the distance between two interfaces does not increase under parallel composition with a third interface, and that the distance between two interfaces can be bounded from above and below by distances between abstractions of the two interfaces. We illustrate the framework, and the properties of the distances under composition of interfaces, with two case studies. author: - first_name: Pavol full_name: Cerny, Pavol id: 4DCBEFFE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cerny - first_name: Martin full_name: Chmelik, Martin id: 3624234E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Chmelik - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Arjun full_name: Radhakrishna, Arjun id: 3B51CAC4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Radhakrishna citation: ama: 'Cerny P, Chmelik M, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A. Interface Simulation Distances. In: Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science. Vol 96. EPTCS; 2012:29-42. doi:10.4204/EPTCS.96.3' apa: 'Cerny, P., Chmelik, M., Henzinger, T. A., & Radhakrishna, A. (2012). Interface Simulation Distances. In Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science (Vol. 96, pp. 29–42). Napoli, Italy: EPTCS. https://doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.96.3' chicago: Cerny, Pavol, Martin Chmelik, Thomas A Henzinger, and Arjun Radhakrishna. “Interface Simulation Distances.” In Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, 96:29–42. EPTCS, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.96.3. ieee: P. Cerny, M. Chmelik, T. A. Henzinger, and A. Radhakrishna, “Interface Simulation Distances,” in Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, Napoli, Italy, 2012, vol. 96, pp. 29–42. ista: 'Cerny P, Chmelik M, Henzinger TA, Radhakrishna A. 2012. Interface Simulation Distances. Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science. GandALF: Games, Automata, Logic, and Formal Verification vol. 96, 29–42.' mla: Cerny, Pavol, et al. “Interface Simulation Distances.” Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 96, EPTCS, 2012, pp. 29–42, doi:10.4204/EPTCS.96.3. short: P. Cerny, M. Chmelik, T.A. Henzinger, A. Radhakrishna, in:, Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, EPTCS, 2012, pp. 29–42. conference: end_date: 2012-09-08 location: Napoli, Italy name: 'GandALF: Games, Automata, Logic, and Formal Verification' start_date: 2012-09-06 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:19Z date_published: 2012-10-07T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-23T10:12:05Z day: '07' department: - _id: ToHe - _id: KrCh doi: 10.4204/EPTCS.96.3 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '1210.2450' intvolume: ' 96' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: http://arxiv.org/abs/1210.2450 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Submitted Version page: 29 - 42 project: - _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '267989' name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling - _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: S 11407_N23 name: Rigorous Systems Engineering - _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: P 23499-N23 name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification - _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '279307' name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications' - _id: 2587B514-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 name: Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship publication: Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science publication_status: published publisher: EPTCS publist_id: '3827' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '1733' relation: later_version status: public scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Interface Simulation Distances type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 96 year: '2012' ... --- _id: '2936' abstract: - lang: eng text: The notion of delays arises naturally in many computational models, such as, in the design of circuits, control systems, and dataflow languages. In this work, we introduce automata with delay blocks (ADBs), extending finite state automata with variable time delay blocks, for deferring individual transition output symbols, in a discrete-time setting. We show that the ADB languages strictly subsume the regular languages, and are incomparable in expressive power to the context-free languages. We show that ADBs are closed under union, concatenation and Kleene star, and under intersection with regular languages, but not closed under complementation and intersection with other ADB languages. We show that the emptiness and the membership problems are decidable in polynomial time for ADBs, whereas the universality problem is undecidable. Finally we consider the linear-time model checking problem, i.e., whether the language of an ADB is contained in a regular language, and show that the model checking problem is PSPACE-complete. Copyright 2012 ACM. acknowledgement: 'This work has been financially supported in part by the European Commission FP7-ICT Cognitive Systems, Interaction, and Robotics under the contract # 270180 (NOPTILUS); by Fundacao para Ciencia e Tecnologia under project PTDC/EEA-CRO/104901/2008 (Modeling and control of Networked vehicle systems in persistent autonomous operations); by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Grant No P 23499-N23 on Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification; FWF NFN Grant No S11407-N23 (RiSE); ERC Start grant (279307: Graph Games); Microsoft faculty fellows award; ERC Advanced grant QUAREM; and FWF Grant No S11403-N23 (RiSE).' author: - first_name: Krishnendu full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Chatterjee orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Vinayak full_name: Prabhu, Vinayak last_name: Prabhu citation: ama: 'Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Prabhu V. Finite automata with time delay blocks. In: Roceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software. ACM; 2012:43-52. doi:10.1145/2380356.2380370' apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Henzinger, T. A., & Prabhu, V. (2012). Finite automata with time delay blocks. In roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software (pp. 43–52). Tampere, Finland: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380370' chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Thomas A Henzinger, and Vinayak Prabhu. “Finite Automata with Time Delay Blocks.” In Roceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, 43–52. ACM, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380370. ieee: K. Chatterjee, T. A. Henzinger, and V. Prabhu, “Finite automata with time delay blocks,” in roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software, Tampere, Finland, 2012, pp. 43–52. ista: 'Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Prabhu V. 2012. Finite automata with time delay blocks. roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software. EMSOFT: Embedded Software , 43–52.' mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Finite Automata with Time Delay Blocks.” Roceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012, pp. 43–52, doi:10.1145/2380356.2380370. short: K. Chatterjee, T.A. Henzinger, V. Prabhu, in:, Roceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ACM, 2012, pp. 43–52. conference: end_date: 2012-10-12 location: Tampere, Finland name: 'EMSOFT: Embedded Software ' start_date: 2012-10-07 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:26Z date_published: 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:39:53Z day: '01' department: - _id: KrCh - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1145/2380356.2380370 ec_funded: 1 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.7019 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 43 - 52 project: - _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: P 23499-N23 name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification - _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '267989' name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling - _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: S 11407_N23 name: Rigorous Systems Engineering - _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '279307' name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications' publication: roceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software publication_status: published publisher: ACM publist_id: '3799' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Finite automata with time delay blocks type: conference user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2012' ...