[{"quality_controlled":"1","external_id":{"pmid":["38307022"]},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.26.564092","open_access":"1"}],"oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.017","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0960-9822"],"eissn":["1879-0445"]},"month":"02","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","publication_status":"published","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We are sincerely grateful to the referees for their valuable comments and suggestions, which helped us to improve the paper. We are thankful to Jorgen Eilenberg and Nicolai V. Meyling for the fungal strain, to Simon Tragust, Abel Bernadou, and Brian Lazarro for insightful discussions, to Iago Sanmartín-Villar, Léa Briard, Céline Maitrel, and Nolwenn Rissen for their help with the experiments. Furthermore, we thank Anna V. Grasse for help with the immune gene expression analyses. We thank Sergio Ibarra for creating the graphical abstract. E.C. was supported by a Fyssen Foundation grant and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. A.D. was supported by the CNRS.","year":"2024","volume":34,"date_created":"2023-10-31T13:30:20Z","date_updated":"2024-03-04T07:14:41Z","author":[{"last_name":"Csata","first_name":"Eniko","full_name":"Csata, Eniko"},{"full_name":"Perez-Escudero, Alfonso","first_name":"Alfonso","last_name":"Perez-Escudero"},{"first_name":"Emmanuel","last_name":"Laury","full_name":"Laury, Emmanuel"},{"full_name":"Leitner, Hanna","id":"8fc5c6f6-5903-11ec-abad-c83f046253e7","last_name":"Leitner","first_name":"Hanna"},{"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"Latil","full_name":"Latil, Gerard"},{"first_name":"Juerge","last_name":"Heinze","full_name":"Heinze, Juerge"},{"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Simpson","full_name":"Simpson, Stephen"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"},{"full_name":"Dussutour, Audrey","last_name":"Dussutour","first_name":"Audrey"}],"page":"902-909.e6","article_type":"original","citation":{"ama":"Csata E, Perez-Escudero A, Laury E, et al. Fungal infection alters collective nutritional intake of ant colonies. Current Biology. 2024;34(4):902-909.e6. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.017","ieee":"E. Csata et al., “Fungal infection alters collective nutritional intake of ant colonies,” Current Biology, vol. 34, no. 4. Elsevier, p. 902–909.e6, 2024.","apa":"Csata, E., Perez-Escudero, A., Laury, E., Leitner, H., Latil, G., Heinze, J., … Dussutour, A. (2024). Fungal infection alters collective nutritional intake of ant colonies. Current Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.017","ista":"Csata E, Perez-Escudero A, Laury E, Leitner H, Latil G, Heinze J, Simpson S, Cremer S, Dussutour A. 2024. Fungal infection alters collective nutritional intake of ant colonies. Current Biology. 34(4), 902–909.e6.","short":"E. Csata, A. Perez-Escudero, E. Laury, H. Leitner, G. Latil, J. Heinze, S. Simpson, S. Cremer, A. Dussutour, Current Biology 34 (2024) 902–909.e6.","mla":"Csata, Eniko, et al. “Fungal Infection Alters Collective Nutritional Intake of Ant Colonies.” Current Biology, vol. 34, no. 4, Elsevier, 2024, p. 902–909.e6, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.017.","chicago":"Csata, Eniko, Alfonso Perez-Escudero, Emmanuel Laury, Hanna Leitner, Gerard Latil, Juerge Heinze, Stephen Simpson, Sylvia Cremer, and Audrey Dussutour. “Fungal Infection Alters Collective Nutritional Intake of Ant Colonies.” Current Biology. Elsevier, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.017."},"publication":"Current Biology","date_published":"2024-02-26T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"26","intvolume":" 34","status":"public","title":"Fungal infection alters collective nutritional intake of ant colonies","_id":"14479","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Preprint","type":"journal_article","issue":"4","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In animals, parasitic infections impose significant fitness costs.1,2,3,4,5,6 Infected animals can alter their feeding behavior to resist infection,7,8,9,10,11,12 but parasites can manipulate animal foraging behavior to their own benefits.13,14,15,16 How nutrition influences host-parasite interactions is not well understood, as studies have mainly focused on the host and less on the parasite.9,12,17,18,19,20,21,22,23 We used the nutritional geometry framework24 to investigate the role of amino acids (AA) and carbohydrates (C) in a host-parasite system: the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum. First, using 18 diets varying in AA:C composition, we established that the fungus performed best on the high-amino-acid diet 1:4. Second, we found that the fungus reached this optimal diet when given various diet pairings, revealing its ability to cope with nutritional challenges. Third, we showed that the optimal fungal diet reduced the lifespan of healthy ants when compared with a high-carbohydrate diet but had no effect on infected ants. Fourth, we revealed that infected ant colonies, given a choice between the optimal fungal diet and a high-carbohydrate diet, chose the optimal fungal diet, whereas healthy colonies avoided it. Lastly, by disentangling fungal infection from host immune response, we demonstrated that infected ants foraged on the optimal fungal diet in response to immune activation and not as a result of parasite manipulation. Therefore, we revealed that infected ant colonies chose a diet that is costly for survival in the long term but beneficial in the short term—a form of collective self-medication."}]},{"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Entire chromosomes are typically only transmitted vertically from one generation to the next. The horizontal transfer of such chromosomes has long been considered improbable, yet gained recent support in several pathogenic fungi where it may affect the fitness or host specificity. To date, it is unknown how these transfers occur, how common they are and whether they can occur between different species. In this study, we show multiple independent instances of horizontal transfers of the same accessory chromosome between two distinct strains of the asexual entomopathogenic fungusMetarhizium robertsiiduring experimental co-infection of its insect host, the Argentine ant. Notably, only the one chromosome – but no other – was transferred from the donor to the recipient strain. The recipient strain, now harboring the accessory chromosome, exhibited a competitive advantage under certain host conditions. By phylogenetic analysis we further demonstrate that the same accessory chromosome was horizontally transferred in a natural environment betweenM. robertsiiand another congeneric insect pathogen,M. guizhouense. Hence horizontal chromosome transfer is not limited to the observed frequent events within species during experimental infections but also occurs naturally across species. The transferred accessory chromosome contains genes that might be involved in its preferential horizontal transfer, encoding putative histones and histone-modifying enzymes, but also putative virulence factors that may support its establishment. Our study reveals that both intra- and interspecies horizontal transfer of entire chromosomes is more frequent than previously assumed, likely representing a not uncommon mechanism for gene exchange.Significance StatementThe enormous success of bacterial pathogens has been attributed to their ability to exchange genetic material between one another. Similarly, in eukaryotes, horizontal transfer of genetic material allowed the spread of virulence factors across species. The horizontal transfer of whole chromosomes could be an important pathway for such exchange of genetic material, but little is known about the origin of transferable chromosomes and how frequently they are exchanged. Here, we show that the transfer of accessory chromosomes - chromosomes that are non-essential but may provide fitness benefits - is common during fungal co-infections and is even possible between distant pathogenic species, highlighting the importance of horizontal gene transfer via chromosome transfer also for the evolution and function of eukaryotic pathogens.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"11","title":"Frequent horizontal chromosome transfer between asexual fungal insect pathogens","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","intvolume":" 121","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"14478","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"checksum":"f5e871db617b682edc71fcd08670dc81","success":1,"date_updated":"2024-03-19T09:02:57Z","date_created":"2024-03-19T09:02:57Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"15124","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":5750361,"creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_PNAS_Habig.pdf"}],"scopus_import":"1","day":"12","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","article_type":"original","publication":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","citation":{"chicago":"Habig, Michael, Anna V Grasse, Judith Müller, Eva H. Stukenbrock, Hanna Leitner, and Sylvia Cremer. “Frequent Horizontal Chromosome Transfer between Asexual Fungal Insect Pathogens.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2316284121.","short":"M. Habig, A.V. Grasse, J. Müller, E.H. Stukenbrock, H. Leitner, S. Cremer, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 121 (2024).","mla":"Habig, Michael, et al. “Frequent Horizontal Chromosome Transfer between Asexual Fungal Insect Pathogens.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 121, no. 11, e2316284121, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1073/pnas.2316284121.","apa":"Habig, M., Grasse, A. V., Müller, J., Stukenbrock, E. H., Leitner, H., & Cremer, S. (2024). Frequent horizontal chromosome transfer between asexual fungal insect pathogens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2316284121","ieee":"M. Habig, A. V. Grasse, J. Müller, E. H. Stukenbrock, H. Leitner, and S. Cremer, “Frequent horizontal chromosome transfer between asexual fungal insect pathogens,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 121, no. 11. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2024.","ista":"Habig M, Grasse AV, Müller J, Stukenbrock EH, Leitner H, Cremer S. 2024. Frequent horizontal chromosome transfer between asexual fungal insect pathogens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 121(11), e2316284121.","ama":"Habig M, Grasse AV, Müller J, Stukenbrock EH, Leitner H, Cremer S. Frequent horizontal chromosome transfer between asexual fungal insect pathogens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2024;121(11). doi:10.1073/pnas.2316284121"},"date_published":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","article_number":"e2316284121","file_date_updated":"2024-03-19T09:02:57Z","ec_funded":1,"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2024","acknowledgement":"We thank Bernhardt Steinwender, Jorgen Eilenberg, and Nicolai V. Meyling for the fungal strains. We further thank Chengshu Wang for providing the short sequencing reads for M. guizhouense ARESF977 he used for his published genome assembly, and Kristian Ullrich for help in the bioinformatics analysis for methylation pattern in Nanopore reads, and the VBC and the Max Planck Society for the use of their sequencing centers. We thank Barbara Milutinović and Hinrich Schulenburg for discussion, and Tal Dagan and Jens Rolff for comments on a previous version of the manuscript. Fig. 1A was created with BioRender.com. This study received funding by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (No. 771402; EPIDEMICSonCHIP) to S.C. and by the German Research Foundation (DFG grant HA9263/1-1) to M.H.","pmid":1,"date_updated":"2024-03-19T09:07:20Z","date_created":"2023-10-31T13:30:00Z","volume":121,"author":[{"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Habig","full_name":"Habig, Michael"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Müller, Judith","last_name":"Müller","first_name":"Judith"},{"first_name":"Eva H.","last_name":"Stukenbrock","full_name":"Stukenbrock, Eva H."},{"last_name":"Leitner","first_name":"Hanna","id":"8fc5c6f6-5903-11ec-abad-c83f046253e7","full_name":"Leitner, Hanna"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"month":"03","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0027-8424"],"eissn":["1091-6490"]},"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"grant_number":"771402","_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png"},"oa":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["38442176"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2316284121"},{"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":4866332,"creator":"dernst","file_name":"2023_FrontMicrobiology_Viljakainen.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2023-04-17T07:49:09Z","date_created":"2023-04-17T07:49:09Z","checksum":"cd52292963acce1111634d9fac08c699","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"12843"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","intvolume":" 14","status":"public","title":"Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations","ddc":["570"],"_id":"12469","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Hosts can carry many viruses in their bodies, but not all of them cause disease. We studied ants as a social host to determine both their overall viral repertoire and the subset of actively infecting viruses across natural populations of three subfamilies: the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile, Dolichoderinae), the invasive garden ant (Lasius neglectus, Formicinae) and the red ant (Myrmica rubra, Myrmicinae). We used a dual sequencing strategy to reconstruct complete virus genomes by RNA-seq and to simultaneously determine the small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq), which constitute the host antiviral RNAi immune response. This approach led to the discovery of 41 novel viruses in ants and revealed a host ant-specific RNAi response (21 vs. 22 nt siRNAs) in the different ant species. The efficiency of the RNAi response (sRNA/RNA read count ratio) depended on the virus and the respective ant species, but not its population. Overall, we found the highest virus abundance and diversity per population in Li. humile, followed by La. neglectus and M. rubra. Argentine ants also shared a high proportion of viruses between populations, whilst overlap was nearly absent in M. rubra. Only one of the 59 viruses was found to infect two of the ant species as hosts, revealing high host-specificity in active infections. In contrast, six viruses actively infected one ant species, but were found as contaminants only in the others. Disentangling spillover of disease-causing infection from non-infecting contamination across species is providing relevant information for disease ecology and ecosystem management."}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2023-03-16T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","citation":{"short":"L. Viljakainen, M. Fürst, A.V. Grasse, J. Jurvansuu, J. Oh, L. Tolonen, T. Eder, T. Rattei, S. Cremer, Frontiers in Microbiology 14 (2023).","mla":"Viljakainen, Lumi, et al. “Antiviral Immune Response Reveals Host-Specific Virus Infections in Natural Ant Populations.” Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 14, 1119002, Frontiers, 2023, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002.","chicago":"Viljakainen, Lumi, Matthias Fürst, Anna V Grasse, Jaana Jurvansuu, Jinook Oh, Lassi Tolonen, Thomas Eder, Thomas Rattei, and Sylvia Cremer. “Antiviral Immune Response Reveals Host-Specific Virus Infections in Natural Ant Populations.” Frontiers in Microbiology. Frontiers, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002.","ama":"Viljakainen L, Fürst M, Grasse AV, et al. Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2023;14. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002","ieee":"L. Viljakainen et al., “Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations,” Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 14. Frontiers, 2023.","apa":"Viljakainen, L., Fürst, M., Grasse, A. V., Jurvansuu, J., Oh, J., Tolonen, L., … Cremer, S. (2023). Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations. Frontiers in Microbiology. Frontiers. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002","ista":"Viljakainen L, Fürst M, Grasse AV, Jurvansuu J, Oh J, Tolonen L, Eder T, Rattei T, Cremer S. 2023. Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations. Frontiers in Microbiology. 14, 1119002."},"publication":"Frontiers in Microbiology","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","day":"16","scopus_import":"1","volume":14,"date_updated":"2023-08-01T12:39:58Z","date_created":"2023-01-31T08:13:40Z","author":[{"full_name":"Viljakainen, Lumi","last_name":"Viljakainen","first_name":"Lumi"},{"last_name":"Fürst","first_name":"Matthias","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Fürst, Matthias"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Anna V","last_name":"Grasse"},{"first_name":"Jaana","last_name":"Jurvansuu","full_name":"Jurvansuu, Jaana"},{"full_name":"Oh, Jinook","orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E","last_name":"Oh","first_name":"Jinook"},{"full_name":"Tolonen, Lassi","first_name":"Lassi","last_name":"Tolonen"},{"last_name":"Eder","first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Eder, Thomas"},{"full_name":"Rattei, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Rattei"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Frontiers","publication_status":"published","pmid":1,"year":"2023","acknowledgement":"We thank D.J. Obbard for sharing the details of the dual RNA-seq/sRNA-seq approach, S.\r\nMetzler and R. Ferrigato for the photographs (Figure 1), M. Konrad, B. Casillas-Perez, C.D.\r\nPull and X. Espadaler for help with ant collection, and the Social Immunity Team at IST\r\nAustria, in particular J. Robb, A. Franschitz, E. Naderlinger, E. Dawson and B. Casillas-Perez\r\nfor support and comments on the manuscript. The study was funded by the Austrian Science\r\nFund (FWF; M02076-B25 to MAF) and the Academy of Finland (343022 to LV). ","file_date_updated":"2023-04-17T07:49:09Z","article_number":"1119002","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002","project":[{"grant_number":"M02076","_id":"25DF61D8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Viral pathogens and social immunity in ants"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000961542100001"],"pmid":["PPR559293 "]},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1664-302X"]},"month":"03"},{"abstract":[{"text":"Cooperative disease defense emerges as group-level collective behavior, yet how group members make the underlying individual decisions is poorly understood. Using garden ants and fungal pathogens as an experimental model, we derive the rules governing individual ant grooming choices and show how they produce colony-level hygiene. Time-resolved behavioral analysis, pathogen quantification, and probabilistic modeling reveal that ants increase grooming and preferentially target highly-infectious individuals when perceiving high pathogen load, but transiently suppress grooming after having been groomed by nestmates. Ants thus react to both, the infectivity of others and the social feedback they receive on their own contagiousness. While inferred solely from momentary ant decisions, these behavioral rules quantitatively predict hour-long experimental dynamics, and synergistically combine into efficient colony-wide pathogen removal. Our analyses show that noisy individual decisions based on only local, incomplete, yet dynamically-updated information on pathogen threat and social feedback can lead to potent collective disease defense.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","file":[{"file_name":"2023_NatureComm_CasillasPerez.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":2358167,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","file_id":"13132","date_created":"2023-06-13T08:05:46Z","date_updated":"2023-06-13T08:05:46Z","checksum":"4af0393e3ed47b3fc46e68b81c3c1007","success":1}],"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"13127","status":"public","ddc":["570"],"title":"Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants","intvolume":" 14","day":"03","article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2023-06-03T00:00:00Z","publication":"Nature Communications","citation":{"ista":"Casillas Perez BE, Bodova K, Grasse AV, Tkačik G, Cremer S. 2023. Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants. Nature Communications. 14, 3232.","apa":"Casillas Perez, B. E., Bodova, K., Grasse, A. V., Tkačik, G., & Cremer, S. (2023). Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38947-y","ieee":"B. E. Casillas Perez, K. Bodova, A. V. Grasse, G. Tkačik, and S. Cremer, “Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants,” Nature Communications, vol. 14. Springer Nature, 2023.","ama":"Casillas Perez BE, Bodova K, Grasse AV, Tkačik G, Cremer S. Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants. Nature Communications. 2023;14. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38947-y","chicago":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E, Katarina Bodova, Anna V Grasse, Gašper Tkačik, and Sylvia Cremer. “Dynamic Pathogen Detection and Social Feedback Shape Collective Hygiene in Ants.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38947-y.","mla":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E., et al. “Dynamic Pathogen Detection and Social Feedback Shape Collective Hygiene in Ants.” Nature Communications, vol. 14, 3232, Springer Nature, 2023, doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38947-y.","short":"B.E. Casillas Perez, K. Bodova, A.V. Grasse, G. Tkačik, S. Cremer, Nature Communications 14 (2023)."},"article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2023-06-13T08:05:46Z","ec_funded":1,"article_number":"3232","author":[{"full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E","id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Casillas Perez","first_name":"Barbara E"},{"full_name":"Bod'Ová, Katarína","id":"2BA24EA0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-7214-0171","first_name":"Katarína","last_name":"Bod'Ová"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-6699-1455","id":"3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Tkačik","first_name":"Gašper","full_name":"Tkačik, Gašper"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"12945","relation":"research_data","status":"public"}]},"date_updated":"2023-08-07T13:09:09Z","date_created":"2023-06-11T22:00:40Z","volume":14,"acknowledgement":"We thank Mike Bidochka for the fungal strains, the ISTA Social Immunity Team for ant collection, Hanna Leitner for experimental and molecular support, Jennifer Robb and Lukas Lindorfer for microscopy, and the LabSupport Facility at ISTA for general laboratory support. We further thank Victor Mireles, Iain Couzin, Fabian Theis and the Social Immunity Team for continued feedback throughout, and Michael Sixt, Yuko Ulrich, Koos Boomsma, Erika Dawson, Megan Kutzer and Hinrich Schulenburg for comments on the manuscript. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant No. 771402; EPIDEMICSonCHIP) to SC, from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (Grant No. 1/0521/20) to KB, and the Human Frontier Science Program (Grant No. RGP0065/2012) to GT.","year":"2023","pmid":1,"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"},{"_id":"GaTk"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","month":"06","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-38947-y","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"external_id":{"isi":["001002562700005"],"pmid":["37270641"]},"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"771402","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip"},{"_id":"255008E4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"RGP0065/2012","name":"Information processing and computation in fish groups"}]},{"status":"public","ddc":["570"],"title":"Data from: \"Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants\" ","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","_id":"12945","year":"2023","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","acknowledgement":"This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant No. 771402; EPIDEMICSonCHIP) to SC, from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (Grant No. 1/0521/20) to KB, and the Human Frontier Science Program (Grant No. RGP0065/2012) to GT.","date_updated":"2023-08-07T13:09:09Z","date_created":"2023-05-11T21:35:17Z","file":[{"date_created":"2023-05-12T08:04:04Z","date_updated":"2023-05-12T08:04:04Z","checksum":"3eadf17fd59ad8c98bf10bf63061863c","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"12947","file_size":3414674,"content_type":"application/zip","creator":"scremer","file_name":"Experimental_data.zip","access_level":"open_access"},{"date_created":"2023-05-12T08:04:08Z","date_updated":"2023-05-12T08:04:08Z","checksum":"1b5e8e01a0989154a76b44e6d8d68f89","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"12948","content_type":"application/octet-stream","file_size":2113,"creator":"scremer","file_name":"README_Experimental_Data.md","access_level":"open_access"}],"oa_version":"None","author":[{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication","id":"13127"}]},"contributor":[{"id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Casillas Perez","contributor_type":"data_collector","first_name":"Barbara E"},{"last_name":"Grasse","contributor_type":"data_collector","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"contributor_type":"researcher","last_name":"Bodova","first_name":"Katarina"},{"first_name":"Gašper","last_name":"Tkačik","contributor_type":"supervisor","id":"3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-6699-1455"}],"type":"research_data","file_date_updated":"2023-05-12T08:04:08Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"basic data for use in code for experimental data analysis for manuscript under revision: \r\nDynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants\r\nCasillas-Pérez B, Boďová K, Grasse AV, Tkačik G, Cremer S"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Data from: ‘Dynamic Pathogen Detection and Social Feedback Shape Collective Hygiene in Ants’ .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:12945.","short":"S. Cremer, (2023).","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. Data from: “Dynamic Pathogen Detection and Social Feedback Shape Collective Hygiene in Ants” . Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:12945.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2023). Data from: “Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants” . Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:12945","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Data from: ‘Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants’ .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","ista":"Cremer S. 2023. Data from: ‘Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants’ , Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:12945.","ama":"Cremer S. Data from: “Dynamic pathogen detection and social feedback shape collective hygiene in ants” . 2023. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:12945"},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"oa":1,"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:12945","date_published":"2023-05-12T00:00:00Z","keyword":["collective behavior","host-pathogen interactions","social immunity","epidemiology","social insects","probabilistic modeling"],"day":"12","month":"05","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"status":"public","title":"Pathogen evasion of social immunity","ddc":["570"],"intvolume":" 7","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"12543","file":[{"success":1,"checksum":"8244f4650a0e7aeea488d1bcd4a31702","date_created":"2023-08-16T11:54:59Z","date_updated":"2023-08-16T11:54:59Z","file_id":"14069","relation":"main_file","creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":1600499,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2023_NatureEcoEvo_Stock.pdf"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Treating sick group members is a hallmark of collective disease defence in vertebrates and invertebrates alike. Despite substantial effects on pathogen fitness and epidemiology, it is still largely unknown how pathogens react to the selection pressure imposed by care intervention. Using social insects and pathogenic fungi, we here performed a serial passage experiment in the presence or absence of colony members, which provide social immunity by grooming off infectious spores from exposed individuals. We found specific effects on pathogen diversity, virulence and transmission. Under selection of social immunity, pathogens invested into higher spore production, but spores were less virulent. Notably, they also elicited a lower grooming response in colony members, compared with spores from the individual host selection lines. Chemical spore analysis suggested that the spores from social selection lines escaped the caregivers’ detection by containing lower levels of ergosterol, a key fungal membrane component. Experimental application of chemically pure ergosterol indeed induced sanitary grooming, supporting its role as a microbe-associated cue triggering host social immunity against fungal pathogens. By reducing this detection cue, pathogens were able to evade the otherwise very effective collective disease defences of their social hosts."}],"article_type":"original","page":"450-460","publication":"Nature Ecology and Evolution","citation":{"apa":"Stock, M., Milutinovic, B., Hönigsberger, M., Grasse, A. V., Wiesenhofer, F., Kampleitner, N., … Cremer, S. (2023). Pathogen evasion of social immunity. Nature Ecology and Evolution. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-01981-6","ieee":"M. Stock et al., “Pathogen evasion of social immunity,” Nature Ecology and Evolution, vol. 7. Springer Nature, pp. 450–460, 2023.","ista":"Stock M, Milutinovic B, Hönigsberger M, Grasse AV, Wiesenhofer F, Kampleitner N, Narasimhan M, Schmitt T, Cremer S. 2023. Pathogen evasion of social immunity. Nature Ecology and Evolution. 7, 450–460.","ama":"Stock M, Milutinovic B, Hönigsberger M, et al. Pathogen evasion of social immunity. Nature Ecology and Evolution. 2023;7:450-460. doi:10.1038/s41559-023-01981-6","chicago":"Stock, Miriam, Barbara Milutinovic, Michaela Hönigsberger, Anna V Grasse, Florian Wiesenhofer, Niklas Kampleitner, Madhumitha Narasimhan, Thomas Schmitt, and Sylvia Cremer. “Pathogen Evasion of Social Immunity.” Nature Ecology and Evolution. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-01981-6.","short":"M. Stock, B. Milutinovic, M. Hönigsberger, A.V. Grasse, F. Wiesenhofer, N. Kampleitner, M. Narasimhan, T. Schmitt, S. Cremer, Nature Ecology and Evolution 7 (2023) 450–460.","mla":"Stock, Miriam, et al. “Pathogen Evasion of Social Immunity.” Nature Ecology and Evolution, vol. 7, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 450–60, doi:10.1038/s41559-023-01981-6."},"date_published":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"JiFr"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","acknowledgement":"We thank B. M. Steinwender, N. V. Meyling and J. Eilenberg for the fungal strains; J. Anaya-Rojas for statistical advice; the Social Immunity team at ISTA for ant collection and experimental help, in particular H. Leitner, and the ISTA Lab Support Facility for general laboratory support; D. Ebert, H. Schulenburg and J. Heinze for continued project discussion; and M. Sixt, R. Roemhild and the Social Immunity team for comments on the manuscript. The study was funded by the German Research Foundation (CR118/3-1) within the Framework of the Priority Program SPP 1399, and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (No. 771402; EPIDEMICSonCHIP), both to S.C.","year":"2023","pmid":1,"date_updated":"2023-08-16T11:55:48Z","date_created":"2023-02-12T23:00:59Z","volume":7,"author":[{"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Stock","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Stock, Miriam"},{"full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic"},{"first_name":"Michaela","last_name":"Hönigsberger","id":"953894f3-25bd-11ec-8556-f70a9d38ef60","full_name":"Hönigsberger, Michaela"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Wiesenhofer, Florian","last_name":"Wiesenhofer","first_name":"Florian","id":"39523C54-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Kampleitner, Niklas","id":"2AC57FAC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Kampleitner","first_name":"Niklas"},{"full_name":"Narasimhan, Madhumitha","first_name":"Madhumitha","last_name":"Narasimhan","id":"44BF24D0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8600-0671"},{"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Schmitt","full_name":"Schmitt, Thomas"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"link":[{"description":"News on ISTA website","relation":"press_release","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/how-sneaky-germs-hide-from-ants/"}]},"file_date_updated":"2023-08-16T11:54:59Z","ec_funded":1,"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip","_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"771402"},{"name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["36732670"],"isi":["000924572800001"]},"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1038/s41559-023-01981-6","month":"03","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2397-334X"]}},{"oa_version":"None","intvolume":" 26","title":"A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence","status":"public","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"12961","issue":"5","abstract":[{"text":"Two notes separated by a doubling in frequency sound similar to humans. This “octave equivalence” is critical to perception and production of music and speech and occurs early in human development. Because it also occurs cross-culturally, a biological basis of octave equivalence has been hypothesized. Members of our team previousy suggested four human traits are at the root of this phenomenon: (1) vocal learning, (2) clear octave information in vocal harmonics, (3) differing vocal ranges, and (4) vocalizing together. Using cross-species studies, we can test how relevant these respective traits are, while controlling for enculturation effects and addressing questions of phylogeny. Common marmosets possess forms of three of the four traits, lacking differing vocal ranges. We tested 11 common marmosets by adapting an established head-turning paradigm, creating a parallel test to an important infant study. Unlike human infants, marmosets responded similarly to tones shifted by an octave or other intervals. Because previous studies with the same head-turning paradigm produced differential results to discernable acoustic stimuli in common marmosets, our results suggest that marmosets do not perceive octave equivalence. Our work suggests differing vocal ranges between adults and children and men and women and the way they are used in singing together may be critical to the development of octave equivalence.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","citation":{"short":"B. Wagner, V. Šlipogor, J. Oh, M. Varga, M. Hoeschele, Developmental Science 26 (2023).","mla":"Wagner, Bernhard, et al. “A Comparison between Common Marmosets (Callithrix Jacchus) and Human Infants Sheds Light on Traits Proposed to Be at the Root of Human Octave Equivalence.” Developmental Science, vol. 26, no. 5, e13395, Wiley, 2023, doi:10.1111/desc.13395.","chicago":"Wagner, Bernhard, Vedrana Šlipogor, Jinook Oh, Marion Varga, and Marisa Hoeschele. “A Comparison between Common Marmosets (Callithrix Jacchus) and Human Infants Sheds Light on Traits Proposed to Be at the Root of Human Octave Equivalence.” Developmental Science. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395.","ama":"Wagner B, Šlipogor V, Oh J, Varga M, Hoeschele M. A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence. Developmental Science. 2023;26(5). doi:10.1111/desc.13395","ieee":"B. Wagner, V. Šlipogor, J. Oh, M. Varga, and M. Hoeschele, “A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence,” Developmental Science, vol. 26, no. 5. Wiley, 2023.","apa":"Wagner, B., Šlipogor, V., Oh, J., Varga, M., & Hoeschele, M. (2023). A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence. Developmental Science. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395","ista":"Wagner B, Šlipogor V, Oh J, Varga M, Hoeschele M. 2023. A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence. Developmental Science. 26(5), e13395."},"publication":"Developmental Science","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","volume":26,"date_updated":"2023-10-04T11:37:33Z","date_created":"2023-05-14T22:01:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Wagner, Bernhard","first_name":"Bernhard","last_name":"Wagner"},{"full_name":"Šlipogor, Vedrana","last_name":"Šlipogor","first_name":"Vedrana"},{"id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E","orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","first_name":"Jinook","last_name":"Oh","full_name":"Oh, Jinook"},{"first_name":"Marion","last_name":"Varga","full_name":"Varga, Marion"},{"full_name":"Hoeschele, Marisa","last_name":"Hoeschele","first_name":"Marisa"}],"publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","pmid":1,"year":"2023","acknowledgement":"We thank Prof. Dr. Thomas Bugnyar for supporting the study and financing the marmoset laboratory, and Alexandra Bohmann and the animal keeping team for their care. Vedrana Šlipogor was funded by University of South Bohemia postdoctoral fellowship.","article_number":"e13395","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1111/desc.13395","quality_controlled":"1","external_id":{"pmid":["37101383"]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1467-7687"],"issn":["1363-755X"]},"month":"09"},{"date_published":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"apa":"Stockmaier, S., Ulrich, Y., Albery, G. F., Cremer, S., & Lopes, P. C. (2023). Behavioural defences against parasites across host social structures. Functional Ecology. British Ecological Society. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14310","ieee":"S. Stockmaier, Y. Ulrich, G. F. Albery, S. Cremer, and P. C. Lopes, “Behavioural defences against parasites across host social structures,” Functional Ecology, vol. 37, no. 4. British Ecological Society, pp. 809–820, 2023.","ista":"Stockmaier S, Ulrich Y, Albery GF, Cremer S, Lopes PC. 2023. Behavioural defences against parasites across host social structures. Functional Ecology. 37(4), 809–820.","ama":"Stockmaier S, Ulrich Y, Albery GF, Cremer S, Lopes PC. Behavioural defences against parasites across host social structures. Functional Ecology. 2023;37(4):809-820. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.14310","chicago":"Stockmaier, Sebastian, Yuko Ulrich, Gregory F. Albery, Sylvia Cremer, and Patricia C. Lopes. “Behavioural Defences against Parasites across Host Social Structures.” Functional Ecology. British Ecological Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14310.","short":"S. Stockmaier, Y. Ulrich, G.F. Albery, S. Cremer, P.C. Lopes, Functional Ecology 37 (2023) 809–820.","mla":"Stockmaier, Sebastian, et al. “Behavioural Defences against Parasites across Host Social Structures.” Functional Ecology, vol. 37, no. 4, British Ecological Society, 2023, pp. 809–20, doi:10.1111/1365-2435.14310."},"publication":"Functional Ecology","page":"809-820","article_type":"review","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"None","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"12765","intvolume":" 37","status":"public","title":"Behavioural defences against parasites across host social structures","issue":"4","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Animals exhibit a variety of behavioural defences against socially transmitted parasites. These defences evolved to increase host fitness by avoiding, resisting or tolerating infection.\r\nBecause they can occur in both infected individuals and their uninfected social partners, these defences often have important consequences for the social group.\r\nHere, we discuss the evolution and ecology of anti-parasite behavioural defences across a taxonomically wide social spectrum, considering colonial groups, stable groups, transitional groups and solitary animals.\r\nWe discuss avoidance, resistance and tolerance behaviours across these social group structures, identifying how social complexity, group composition and interdependent social relationships may contribute to the expression and evolution of behavioural strategies.\r\nFinally, we outline avenues for further investigation such as approaches to quantify group-level responses, and the connection of the physiological and behavioural response to parasites in different social contexts."}],"type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14310","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000948940500001"]},"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1365-2435"],"issn":["0269-8463"]},"month":"04","author":[{"full_name":"Stockmaier, Sebastian","first_name":"Sebastian","last_name":"Stockmaier"},{"first_name":"Yuko","last_name":"Ulrich","full_name":"Ulrich, Yuko"},{"first_name":"Gregory F.","last_name":"Albery","full_name":"Albery, Gregory F."},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"},{"last_name":"Lopes","first_name":"Patricia C.","full_name":"Lopes, Patricia C."}],"volume":37,"date_created":"2023-03-26T22:01:09Z","date_updated":"2023-10-04T11:50:15Z","year":"2023","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"British Ecological Society","publication_status":"published"},{"month":"08","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2730-7182"]},"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1186/s12862-023-02137-7","isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"grant_number":"771402","_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"external_id":{"isi":["001042643600002"],"pmid":["37550612"]},"oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2023-08-14T07:51:47Z","ec_funded":1,"article_number":"37","date_updated":"2023-12-13T11:13:14Z","date_created":"2023-02-28T07:38:17Z","volume":23,"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-9547-2494","id":"48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Metzler","first_name":"Sina","full_name":"Metzler, Sina"},{"full_name":"Kirchner, Jessica","id":"21516227-15aa-11ec-9fb2-c6e8ffc155d3","first_name":"Jessica","last_name":"Kirchner"},{"id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"12693","relation":"research_data","status":"public"}]},"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","acknowledgement":"We are thankful to Mike Bidochka for the fungal strain, Lukas Schrader for sharing the C. obscurior genome data for primer development, the Lab Support Facility of ISTA for general laboratory support and help with the permit approval procedures, and the Finca El Quinto for letting us collect ants on their property. We thank the Social Immunity Team at ISTA for help with ant collection and experimental help, in particular Elina Hanhimäki and Marta Gorecka for behavioural observation, and Elisabeth Naderlinger for spore load PCRs. We further thank the Social Immunity Team and Jürgen Heinze for continued discussion and comments on the manuscript.\r\nOpen access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA). This project received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 771402 to SC). ","year":"2023","pmid":1,"day":"07","article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2023-08-07T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","publication":"BMC Ecology and Evolution","citation":{"ista":"Metzler S, Kirchner J, Grasse AV, Cremer S. 2023. Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males. BMC Ecology and Evolution. 23, 37.","ieee":"S. Metzler, J. Kirchner, A. V. Grasse, and S. Cremer, “Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males,” BMC Ecology and Evolution, vol. 23. Springer Nature, 2023.","apa":"Metzler, S., Kirchner, J., Grasse, A. V., & Cremer, S. (2023). Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males. BMC Ecology and Evolution. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-023-02137-7","ama":"Metzler S, Kirchner J, Grasse AV, Cremer S. Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males. BMC Ecology and Evolution. 2023;23. doi:10.1186/s12862-023-02137-7","chicago":"Metzler, Sina, Jessica Kirchner, Anna V Grasse, and Sylvia Cremer. “Trade-Offs between Immunity and Competitive Ability in Fighting Ant Males.” BMC Ecology and Evolution. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-023-02137-7.","mla":"Metzler, Sina, et al. “Trade-Offs between Immunity and Competitive Ability in Fighting Ant Males.” BMC Ecology and Evolution, vol. 23, 37, Springer Nature, 2023, doi:10.1186/s12862-023-02137-7.","short":"S. Metzler, J. Kirchner, A.V. Grasse, S. Cremer, BMC Ecology and Evolution 23 (2023)."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Background: Fighting disease while fighting rivals exposes males to constraints and tradeoffs during male-male competition. We here tested how both the stage and intensity of infection with the fungal pathogen Metarhizium robertsii interfered with fighting success in Cardiocondyla obscurior ant males. Males of this species have evolved long lifespans during which they can gain many matings with the young queens of the colony, if successful in male-male competition. Since male fights occur inside the colony, the outcome of male-male competition can further be biased by interference of the colony’s worker force.\r\nResults: We found that severe, but not yet mild, infection strongly impaired male fighting success. In late-stage infection, this could be attributed to worker aggression directed towards the infected rather than the healthy male and an already very high male morbidity even in the absence of fighting. Shortly after pathogen exposure, however, male mortality was particularly increased during combat. Since these males mounted a strong immune response, their reduced fighting success suggests a trade-off between immune investment and competitive ability already early in the infection. Even if the males themselves showed no difference in the number of attacks they raised against their healthy rivals across infection stages and levels, severely infected males were thus losing in male-male competition from an early stage of infection on.\r\nConclusions: Males of the ant C. obscurior have evolved high immune investment, triggering an effective immune response very fast after fungal exposure. This allows them to cope with mild pathogen exposures without cost to their success in male-male competition, and hence to gain multiple mating opportunities with the emerging virgin queens of the colony. Under severe infection, however, they are weak fighters and rarely survive a combat already at early infection when raising an immune response, as well as at progressed infection, when they are morbid and preferentially targeted by worker aggression. Workers thereby remove males that pose a future disease threat by biasing male-male competition. Our study thus revealed a novel social immunity mechanism how social insect workers protect the colony against disease risk."}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"checksum":"95966dc7d242d2c85bdd4fe14233dbd8","success":1,"date_created":"2023-08-14T07:51:47Z","date_updated":"2023-08-14T07:51:47Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"14048","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":2004276,"creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2023_BMCEcology_Metzler.pdf"}],"status":"public","title":"Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males","ddc":["570"],"intvolume":" 23","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"12696"},{"month":"02","day":"28","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:12693","date_published":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"oa":1,"citation":{"ista":"Cremer S. 2023. Source data for Metzler et al, 2023: Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males , Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:12693.","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Source data for Metzler et al, 2023: Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2023). Source data for Metzler et al, 2023: Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males . Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:12693","ama":"Cremer S. Source data for Metzler et al, 2023: Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males . 2023. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:12693","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Source Data for Metzler et Al, 2023: Trade-Offs between Immunity and Competitive Ability in Fighting Ant Males .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:12693.","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. Source Data for Metzler et Al, 2023: Trade-Offs between Immunity and Competitive Ability in Fighting Ant Males . Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:12693.","short":"S. Cremer, (2023)."},"abstract":[{"text":"See Readme File for further information.","lang":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2023-02-28T06:34:12Z","type":"research_data","author":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication","id":"12696"}]},"contributor":[{"contributor_type":"data_collector","last_name":"Metzler","first_name":"Sina","id":"48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Jessica","contributor_type":"data_collector","last_name":"Kirchner","id":"21516227-15aa-11ec-9fb2-c6e8ffc155d3"},{"first_name":"Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","contributor_type":"data_collector","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"date_updated":"2023-12-13T11:13:13Z","date_created":"2023-02-28T06:38:37Z","file":[{"checksum":"c1565d655ca05601acfd84e0d12b8563","success":1,"date_created":"2023-02-28T06:34:08Z","date_updated":"2023-02-28T06:34:08Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"12694","file_size":77070,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"scremer","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Metzler_ReadMe.pdf"},{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Metzler_RepositoryData.xlsx","creator":"scremer","file_size":88001,"content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet","file_id":"12695","relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"75c4c4948563d6261cb7548f80d909f1","date_updated":"2023-02-28T06:34:12Z","date_created":"2023-02-28T06:34:12Z"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"12693","year":"2023","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","ddc":["570"],"title":"Source data for Metzler et al, 2023: Trade-offs between immunity and competitive ability in fighting ant males ","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria"},{"citation":{"ieee":"A. Franschitz, “Individual and social immunity against viral infections in ants,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","apa":"Franschitz, A. (2023). Individual and social immunity against viral infections in ants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:13984","ista":"Franschitz A. 2023. Individual and social immunity against viral infections in ants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Franschitz A. Individual and social immunity against viral infections in ants. 2023. doi:10.15479/at:ista:13984","chicago":"Franschitz, Anna. “Individual and Social Immunity against Viral Infections in Ants.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:13984.","short":"A. Franschitz, Individual and Social Immunity against Viral Infections in Ants, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","mla":"Franschitz, Anna. Individual and Social Immunity against Viral Infections in Ants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/at:ista:13984."},"page":"89","date_published":"2023-08-08T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"08","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","_id":"13984","title":"Individual and social immunity against viral infections in ants","ddc":["570","577"],"status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"date_updated":"2024-03-01T08:51:42Z","date_created":"2023-08-08T18:01:28Z","checksum":"27220243d5d51c3b0d7d61c0879d7a0c","relation":"main_file","embargo":"2024-08-08","file_id":"13986","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":10797612,"creator":"afransch","embargo_to":"open_access","file_name":"Thesis_AnnaFranschitz_202308.pdf","access_level":"closed"},{"content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_size":2619085,"creator":"afransch","file_name":"Thesis_AnnaFranschitz_202308.docx","access_level":"closed","date_updated":"2023-08-09T07:25:27Z","date_created":"2023-08-08T18:02:25Z","checksum":"40abf7ccca14a3893f72dc7fb88585d6","relation":"source_file","file_id":"13987"},{"file_name":"Addendum_AnnaFranschitz202402.pdf","description":"Minor modifications and clarifications - Feb 2024","embargo_to":"open_access","access_level":"closed","creator":"cchlebak","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":85956,"embargo":"2024-08-08","file_id":"15042","title":"Addendum","relation":"erratum","date_updated":"2024-03-01T12:13:29Z","date_created":"2024-03-01T08:37:15Z","checksum":"8b991ecc2d59d045cc3cf0d676785ec7"},{"checksum":"66745aa01f960f17472c024875c049ed","date_created":"2024-03-01T08:39:20Z","date_updated":"2024-03-01T08:51:42Z","file_id":"15043","title":"Addendum - source file","relation":"source_file","creator":"cchlebak","file_size":11818,"content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","access_level":"closed","file_name":"Addendum_AnnaFranschitz202402.docx"},{"file_name":"Print_Version_Franschitz_Anna_Thesis.pdf","description":"For printing purposes","access_level":"closed","creator":"cchlebak","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":10416761,"title":"Print Version","file_id":"15044","relation":"other","date_updated":"2024-03-01T12:58:14Z","date_created":"2024-03-01T08:56:06Z","checksum":"55c876b73d49db15228a7f571592ec77"}],"type":"dissertation","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Social insects fight disease using their individual immune systems and the cooperative\r\nsanitary behaviors of colony members. These social defenses are well explored against\r\nexternally-infecting pathogens, but little is known about defense strategies against\r\ninternally-infecting pathogens, such as viruses. Viruses are ubiquitous and in the last decades\r\nit has become evident that also many ant species harbor viruses. We present one of the first\r\nstudies addressing transmission dynamics and collective disease defenses against viruses in\r\nants on a mechanistic level. I successfully established an experimental ant host – viral\r\npathogen system as a model for the defense strategies used by social insects against internal\r\npathogen infections, as outlined in the third chapter. In particular, we studied how garden ants\r\n(Lasius neglectus) defend themselves and their colonies against the generalist insect virus\r\nCrPV (cricket paralysis virus). We chose microinjections of virus directly into the ants’\r\nhemolymph because it allowed us to use a defined exposure dose. Here we show that this is a\r\ngood model system, as the virus is replicating and thus infecting the host. The ants mount a\r\nclear individual immune response against the viral infection, which is characterized by a\r\nspecific siRNA pattern, namely siRNAs mapping against the viral genome with a peak of 21\r\nand 22 bp long fragments. The onset of this immune response is consistent with the timeline\r\nof viral replication that starts already within two days post injection. The disease manifests in\r\ndecreased survival over a course of two to three weeks.\r\nRegarding group living, we find that infected ants show a strong individual immune response,\r\nbut that their course of disease is little affected by nestmate presence, as described in chapter\r\nfour. Hence, we do not find social immunity in the context of viral infections in ants.\r\nNestmates, however, can contract the virus. Using Drosophila S2R+ cells in culture, we\r\nshowed that 94 % of the nestmates contract active virus within four days of social contact to\r\nan infected individual. Virus is transmitted in low doses, thus not causing disease\r\ntransmission within the colony. While virus can be transmitted during short direct contacts,\r\nwe also assume transmission from deceased ants and show that the nestmates’ immune\r\nsystem gets activated after contracting a low viral dose. We find considerable potential for\r\nindirect transmission via the nest space. Virus is shed to the nest, where it stays viable for one\r\nweek and is also picked up by other ants. Apart from that, we want to underline the potential\r\nof ant poison as antiviral agent. We determined that ant poison successfully inactivates CrPV\r\nin vitro. However, we found no evidence for effective poison use to sanitize the nest space.\r\nOn the other hand, local application of ant poison by oral poison uptake, which is part of the\r\nants prophylactic behavioral repertoire, probably contributes to keeping the gut of each\r\nindividual sanitized. We hypothesize that oral poison uptake might be the reason why we did\r\nnot find viable virus in the trophallactic fluid.\r\nThe fifth chapter encompasses preliminary data on potential social immunization. However,\r\nour experiments do not confirm an actual survival benefit for the nestmates upon pathogen\r\nchallenge under the given experimental settings. Nevertheless, we do not want to rule out the\r\npossibility for nestmate immunization, but rather emphasize that considering different\r\nexperimental timelines and viral doses would provide a multitude of options for follow-up\r\nexperiments.\r\nIn conclusion, we find that prophylactic individual behaviors, such as oral poison uptake,\r\nmight play a role in preventing viral disease transmission. Compared to colony defense\r\nagainst external pathogens, internal pathogen infections require a stronger component of\r\nindividual physiological immunity than behavioral social immunity, yet could still lead to\r\ncollective protection."}],"doi":"10.15479/at:ista:13984","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-034-3"],"issn":["2663 - 337X"]},"month":"08","year":"2023","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Franschitz, Anna","id":"480826C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Franschitz"}],"date_updated":"2024-03-01T15:25:17Z","date_created":"2023-08-08T15:33:29Z","file_date_updated":"2024-03-01T12:58:14Z"},{"citation":{"ama":"Cremer S, Sixt MK. Principles of disease defence in organisms, superorganisms and societies. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2022;22(12):713-714. doi:10.1038/s41577-022-00797-y","apa":"Cremer, S., & Sixt, M. K. (2022). Principles of disease defence in organisms, superorganisms and societies. Nature Reviews Immunology. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-022-00797-y","ieee":"S. Cremer and M. K. Sixt, “Principles of disease defence in organisms, superorganisms and societies,” Nature Reviews Immunology, vol. 22, no. 12. Springer Nature, pp. 713–714, 2022.","ista":"Cremer S, Sixt MK. 2022. Principles of disease defence in organisms, superorganisms and societies. Nature Reviews Immunology. 22(12), 713–714.","short":"S. Cremer, M.K. Sixt, Nature Reviews Immunology 22 (2022) 713–714.","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia, and Michael K. Sixt. “Principles of Disease Defence in Organisms, Superorganisms and Societies.” Nature Reviews Immunology, vol. 22, no. 12, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 713–14, doi:10.1038/s41577-022-00797-y.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia, and Michael K Sixt. “Principles of Disease Defence in Organisms, Superorganisms and Societies.” Nature Reviews Immunology. Springer Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-022-00797-y."},"publication":"Nature Reviews Immunology","page":"713-714","article_type":"letter_note","date_published":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","keyword":["Energy Engineering and Power Technology","Fuel Technology"],"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"12133","intvolume":" 22","title":"Principles of disease defence in organisms, superorganisms and societies","status":"public","oa_version":"None","type":"journal_article","issue":"12","abstract":[{"text":"Social distancing is an effective way to prevent the spread of disease in societies, whereas infection elimination is a key element of organismal immunity. Here, we discuss how the study of social insects such as ants — which form a superorganism of unconditionally cooperative individuals and thus represent a level of organization that is intermediate between a classical society of individuals and an organism of cells — can help to determine common principles of disease defence across levels of organization.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["36284178"],"isi":["000871836300001"]},"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1038/s41577-022-00797-y","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1474-1733"],"eissn":["1474-1741"]},"month":"12","pmid":1,"year":"2022","publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"},{"_id":"MiSi"}],"publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"},{"full_name":"Sixt, Michael K","orcid":"0000-0002-6620-9179","id":"41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Sixt","first_name":"Michael K"}],"volume":22,"date_created":"2023-01-12T12:03:14Z","date_updated":"2023-08-04T08:53:32Z"},{"page":"89-100","article_type":"original","citation":{"ama":"Casillas Perez BE, Pull C, Naiser F, Naderlinger E, Matas J, Cremer S. Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies. Ecology Letters. 2022;25(1):89-100. doi:10.1111/ele.13907","ieee":"B. E. Casillas Perez, C. Pull, F. Naiser, E. Naderlinger, J. Matas, and S. Cremer, “Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies,” Ecology Letters, vol. 25, no. 1. Wiley, pp. 89–100, 2022.","apa":"Casillas Perez, B. E., Pull, C., Naiser, F., Naderlinger, E., Matas, J., & Cremer, S. (2022). Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies. Ecology Letters. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13907","ista":"Casillas Perez BE, Pull C, Naiser F, Naderlinger E, Matas J, Cremer S. 2022. Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies. Ecology Letters. 25(1), 89–100.","short":"B.E. Casillas Perez, C. Pull, F. Naiser, E. Naderlinger, J. Matas, S. Cremer, Ecology Letters 25 (2022) 89–100.","mla":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E., et al. “Early Queen Infection Shapes Developmental Dynamics and Induces Long-Term Disease Protection in Incipient Ant Colonies.” Ecology Letters, vol. 25, no. 1, Wiley, 2022, pp. 89–100, doi:10.1111/ele.13907.","chicago":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E, Christopher Pull, Filip Naiser, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Jiri Matas, and Sylvia Cremer. “Early Queen Infection Shapes Developmental Dynamics and Induces Long-Term Disease Protection in Incipient Ant Colonies.” Ecology Letters. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13907."},"publication":"Ecology Letters","date_published":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"01","intvolume":" 25","title":"Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies","status":"public","ddc":["573"],"_id":"10284","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"success":1,"checksum":"0bd4210400e9876609b7c538ab4f9a3c","date_created":"2022-02-03T13:37:11Z","date_updated":"2022-02-03T13:37:11Z","file_id":"10721","relation":"main_file","creator":"cchlebak","file_size":700087,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2021_EcologyLetters_CasillasPerez.pdf"}],"type":"journal_article","issue":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Infections early in life can have enduring effects on an organism's development and immunity. In this study, we show that this equally applies to developing ‘superorganisms’––incipient social insect colonies. When we exposed newly mated Lasius niger ant queens to a low pathogen dose, their colonies grew more slowly than controls before winter, but reached similar sizes afterwards. Independent of exposure, queen hibernation survival improved when the ratio of pupae to workers was small. Queens that reared fewer pupae before worker emergence exhibited lower pathogen levels, indicating that high brood rearing efforts interfere with the ability of the queen's immune system to suppress pathogen proliferation. Early-life queen pathogen exposure also improved the immunocompetence of her worker offspring, as demonstrated by challenging the workers to the same pathogen a year later. Transgenerational transfer of the queen's pathogen experience to her workforce can hence durably reduce the disease susceptibility of the whole superorganism.","lang":"eng"}],"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip","_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"771402"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"external_id":{"pmid":["34725912"],"isi":["000713396100001"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"doi":"10.1111/ele.13907","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1461-023X"],"eissn":["1461-0248"]},"month":"01","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","pmid":1,"year":"2022","acknowledgement":"The authors are grateful to G. Tkačik and V. Mireles for advice on data analyses and to A. Schloegl for help using the IST Austria HPC cluster for data processing. The authors thank J. Eilenberg for providing the fungal strain and A.V. Grasse for support with the molecular analysis. The authors also thank the Social Immunity group at IST Austria, in particular B. Milutinović, for discussions throughout and comments on the manuscript.","volume":25,"date_created":"2021-11-14T23:01:25Z","date_updated":"2023-08-14T11:45:29Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"13061"}]},"author":[{"first_name":"Barbara E","last_name":"Casillas Perez","id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E"},{"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","full_name":"Pull, Christopher"},{"full_name":"Naiser, Filip","first_name":"Filip","last_name":"Naiser"},{"full_name":"Naderlinger, Elisabeth","id":"31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Naderlinger"},{"first_name":"Jiri","last_name":"Matas","full_name":"Matas, Jiri"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2022-02-03T13:37:11Z"},{"file_date_updated":"2023-02-04T23:30:03Z","ec_funded":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Metzler","id":"48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-9547-2494","full_name":"Metzler, Sina"}],"date_created":"2022-02-04T15:45:12Z","date_updated":"2023-09-07T13:43:23Z","year":"2022","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","month":"02","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"supervisor":[{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"project":[{"grant_number":"771402","_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Social insects are a common model to study disease dynamics in social animals. Even though pathogens should thrive in social insect colonies as the hosts engage in frequent social interactions, are closely related and live in a pathogen-rich environment, disease outbreaks are rare. This is because social insects have evolved mechanisms to keep pathogens at bay – and fight disease as a collective. Social insect colonies are often viewed as “superorganisms” with division of labor between reproductive “germ-like” queens and males and “somatic” workers, which together form an interdependent reproductive unit that parallels a multicellular body. Superorganisms possess a “social immune system” that comprises of collective disease defenses performed by the workers - summarized as “social immunity”. In social groups immunization (reduced susceptibility to a parasite upon secondary exposure to the same parasite) can e.g. be triggered by social interactions (“social immunization”). Social immunization can be caused by (i) asymptomatic low-level infections that are acquired during caregiving to a contagious individual that can give an immune boost, which can induce protection upon later encounter with the same pathogen (active immunization) or (ii) by transfer of immune effectors between individuals (passive immunization).\r\nIn the second chapter, I built up on a study that I co-authored that found that low-level infections can not only be protective, but also be costly and make the host more susceptible to detrimental superinfections after contact to a very dissimilar pathogen. I here now tested different degrees of phylogenetically-distant fungal strains of M. brunneum and M. robertsii in L. neglectus and can describe the occurrence of cross-protection of social immunization if the first and second pathogen are from the same level. Interestingly, low-level infections only provided protection when the first strain was less virulent than the second strain and elicited higher immune gene expression.\r\nIn the third and fourth chapters, I expanded on the role of social immunity in sexual selection, a so far unstudied field. I used the fungus Metarhizium robertsii and the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior as a model, as in this species mating occurs in the presence of workers and can be studied under laboratory conditions. Before males mate with virgin queens in the nest they engage in fierce combat over the access to their mating partners.\r\nFirst, I focused on male-male competition in the third chapter and found that fighting with a contagious male is costly as it can lead to contamination of the rival, but that workers can decrease the risk of disease contraction by performing sanitary care.\r\nIn the fourth chapter, I studied the effect of fungal infection on survival and mating success of sexuals (freshly emerged queens and males) and found that worker-performed sanitary care can buffer the negative effect that a pathogenic contagion would have on sexuals by spore removal from the exposed individuals. When social immunity was prevented and queens could contract spores from their mating partner, very low dosages led to negative consequences: their lifespan was reduced and they produced fewer offspring with poor immunocompetence compared to healthy queens. Interestingly, cohabitation with a late-stage infected male where no spore transfer was possible had a positive effect on offspring immunity – male offspring of mothers that apparently perceived an infected partner in their vicinity reacted more sensitively to fungal challenge than male offspring without paternal pathogen history.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"dissertation","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"file":[{"relation":"source_file","file_id":"10728","checksum":"47ba18bb270dd6cc266e0a3f7c69d0e4","date_created":"2022-02-04T15:36:12Z","date_updated":"2023-02-03T23:30:03Z","access_level":"closed","embargo_to":"open_access","file_name":"Thesis_Sina_Metzler.docx","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_size":6757886,"creator":"smetzler"},{"embargo":"2023-02-02","file_id":"10730","relation":"main_file","checksum":"f3ec07d5d6b20ae6e46bfeedebce9027","date_updated":"2023-02-03T23:30:03Z","date_created":"2022-02-04T15:36:43Z","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Thesis_Sina_Metzler_A2.pdf","creator":"smetzler","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":6314921},{"file_size":6882557,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"smetzler","file_name":"Thesis_Sina_Metzler_print.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2023-02-04T23:30:03Z","date_created":"2022-02-07T10:35:02Z","checksum":"dedd14b7be7a75d63018dbfc68dd8113","relation":"main_file","embargo":"2023-02-02","file_id":"10742"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"10727","title":"Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","day":"07","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","date_published":"2022-02-07T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ista":"Metzler S. 2022. Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Metzler, S. (2022). Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727","ieee":"S. Metzler, “Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.","ama":"Metzler S. Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies. 2022. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727","chicago":"Metzler, Sina. “Pathogen-Mediated Sexual Selection and Immunization in Ant Colonies.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727.","mla":"Metzler, Sina. Pathogen-Mediated Sexual Selection and Immunization in Ant Colonies. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727.","short":"S. Metzler, Pathogen-Mediated Sexual Selection and Immunization in Ant Colonies, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022."}},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5","isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000608382100001"]},"month":"07","publication_identifier":{"issn":["14359448"],"eissn":["14359456"]},"date_updated":"2023-08-07T13:41:08Z","date_created":"2021-02-07T23:01:13Z","volume":24,"author":[{"full_name":"Reber, Stephan A.","last_name":"Reber","first_name":"Stephan A."},{"full_name":"Oh, Jinook","orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E","last_name":"Oh","first_name":"Jinook"},{"full_name":"Janisch, Judith","last_name":"Janisch","first_name":"Judith"},{"full_name":"Stevenson, Colin","first_name":"Colin","last_name":"Stevenson"},{"full_name":"Foggett, Shaun","first_name":"Shaun","last_name":"Foggett"},{"full_name":"Wilkinson, Anna","first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Wilkinson"}],"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","acknowledgement":"We thank Jamie Gilks and Terry Miles for their support at Crocodiles of the World. We are grateful to the Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna for provision of working space and hardware. Finally, we would like to thank Cliodhna Quigley, Rachael Harrison and Urs A. Reber for discussion. Open Access funding provided by Lund University. This project was funded by the Marietta Blau grant (BMFWF) to S. A. R.","year":"2021","file_date_updated":"2021-02-09T07:40:14Z","date_published":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","page":"753-764","publication":"Animal Cognition","citation":{"short":"S.A. Reber, J. Oh, J. Janisch, C. Stevenson, S. Foggett, A. Wilkinson, Animal Cognition 24 (2021) 753–764.","mla":"Reber, Stephan A., et al. “Early Life Differences in Behavioral Predispositions in Two Alligatoridae Species.” Animal Cognition, vol. 24, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2021, pp. 753–64, doi:10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5.","chicago":"Reber, Stephan A., Jinook Oh, Judith Janisch, Colin Stevenson, Shaun Foggett, and Anna Wilkinson. “Early Life Differences in Behavioral Predispositions in Two Alligatoridae Species.” Animal Cognition. Springer Nature, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5.","ama":"Reber SA, Oh J, Janisch J, Stevenson C, Foggett S, Wilkinson A. Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. Animal Cognition. 2021;24(4):753-764. doi:10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5","ieee":"S. A. Reber, J. Oh, J. Janisch, C. Stevenson, S. Foggett, and A. Wilkinson, “Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species,” Animal Cognition, vol. 24, no. 4. Springer Nature, pp. 753–764, 2021.","apa":"Reber, S. A., Oh, J., Janisch, J., Stevenson, C., Foggett, S., & Wilkinson, A. (2021). Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. Animal Cognition. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5","ista":"Reber SA, Oh J, Janisch J, Stevenson C, Foggett S, Wilkinson A. 2021. Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. Animal Cognition. 24(4), 753–764."},"day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"date_created":"2021-02-09T07:40:14Z","date_updated":"2021-02-09T07:40:14Z","success":1,"checksum":"d9dfa0d1de6d684692b041d936dd858e","file_id":"9107","relation":"main_file","creator":"dernst","file_size":1117991,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2021_AnimalCognition_Reber.pdf","access_level":"open_access"}],"status":"public","ddc":["590"],"title":"Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species","intvolume":" 24","_id":"9101","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Behavioral predispositions are innate tendencies of animals to behave in a given way without the input of learning. They increase survival chances and, due to environmental and ecological challenges, may vary substantially even between closely related taxa. These differences are likely to be especially pronounced in long-lived species like crocodilians. This order is particularly relevant for comparative cognition due to its phylogenetic proximity to birds. Here we compared early life behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. We exposed American alligator and spectacled caiman hatchlings to three different novel situations: a novel object, a novel environment that was open and a novel environment with a shelter. This was then repeated a week later. During exposure to the novel environments, alligators moved around more and explored a larger range of the arena than the caimans. When exposed to the novel object, the alligators reduced the mean distance to the novel object in the second phase, while the caimans further increased it, indicating diametrically opposite ontogenetic development in behavioral predispositions. Although all crocodilian hatchlings face comparable challenges, e.g., high predation pressure, the effectiveness of parental protection might explain the observed pattern. American alligators are apex predators capable of protecting their offspring against most dangers, whereas adult spectacled caimans are frequently predated themselves. Their distancing behavior might be related to increased predator avoidance and also explain the success of invasive spectacled caimans in the natural habitats of other crocodilians."}],"issue":"4","type":"journal_article"},{"abstract":[{"text":"Infections early in life can have enduring effects on an organism’s development and immunity. In this study, we show that this equally applies to developing “superorganisms” – incipient social insect colonies. When we exposed newly mated Lasius niger ant queens to a low pathogen dose, their colonies grew more slowly than controls before winter, but reached similar sizes afterwards. Independent of exposure, queen hibernation survival improved when the ratio of pupae to workers was small. Queens that reared fewer pupae before worker emergence exhibited lower pathogen levels, indicating that high brood rearing efforts interfere with the ability of the queen’s immune system to suppress pathogen proliferation. Early-life queen pathogen-exposure also improved the immunocompetence of her worker offspring, as demonstrated by challenging the workers to the same pathogen a year later. Transgenerational transfer of the queen’s pathogen experience to her workforce can hence durably reduce the disease susceptibility of the whole superorganism.","lang":"eng"}],"ec_funded":1,"type":"research_data_reference","date_created":"2023-05-23T16:14:35Z","date_updated":"2023-08-14T11:45:28Z","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Casillas Perez","first_name":"Barbara E","full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E"},{"id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull","full_name":"Pull, Christopher"},{"last_name":"Naiser","first_name":"Filip","full_name":"Naiser, Filip"},{"first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Naderlinger","full_name":"Naderlinger, Elisabeth"},{"full_name":"Matas, Jiri","last_name":"Matas","first_name":"Jiri"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication","id":"10284"}]},"ddc":["570"],"status":"public","title":"Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies","publisher":"Dryad","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"13061","year":"2021","day":"29","month":"10","article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.5061/DRYAD.7PVMCVDTJ","date_published":"2021-10-29T00:00:00Z","project":[{"_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"771402","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip"}],"tmp":{"short":"CC0 (1.0)","image":"/images/cc_0.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)"},"oa":1,"citation":{"ieee":"B. E. Casillas Perez, C. Pull, F. Naiser, E. Naderlinger, J. Matas, and S. Cremer, “Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies.” Dryad, 2021.","apa":"Casillas Perez, B. E., Pull, C., Naiser, F., Naderlinger, E., Matas, J., & Cremer, S. (2021). Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.7PVMCVDTJ","ista":"Casillas Perez BE, Pull C, Naiser F, Naderlinger E, Matas J, Cremer S. 2021. Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies, Dryad, 10.5061/DRYAD.7PVMCVDTJ.","ama":"Casillas Perez BE, Pull C, Naiser F, Naderlinger E, Matas J, Cremer S. Early queen infection shapes developmental dynamics and induces long-term disease protection in incipient ant colonies. 2021. doi:10.5061/DRYAD.7PVMCVDTJ","chicago":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E, Christopher Pull, Filip Naiser, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Jiri Matas, and Sylvia Cremer. “Early Queen Infection Shapes Developmental Dynamics and Induces Long-Term Disease Protection in Incipient Ant Colonies.” Dryad, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.7PVMCVDTJ.","short":"B.E. Casillas Perez, C. Pull, F. Naiser, E. Naderlinger, J. Matas, S. Cremer, (2021).","mla":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E., et al. Early Queen Infection Shapes Developmental Dynamics and Induces Long-Term Disease Protection in Incipient Ant Colonies. Dryad, 2021, doi:10.5061/DRYAD.7PVMCVDTJ."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7pvmcvdtj","open_access":"1"}]},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2296-701X"]},"month":"03","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2021.626442","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"external_id":{"isi":["000637736300001"]},"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","file_date_updated":"2021-12-20T10:44:20Z","article_number":"626442","author":[{"full_name":"Goehlich, Henry","first_name":"Henry","last_name":"Goehlich"},{"first_name":"Linda","last_name":"Sartoris","id":"2B9284CA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Sartoris, Linda"},{"full_name":"Wagner, Kim-Sara","first_name":"Kim-Sara","last_name":"Wagner"},{"full_name":"Wendling, Carolin C.","last_name":"Wendling","first_name":"Carolin C."},{"full_name":"Roth, Olivia","last_name":"Roth","first_name":"Olivia"}],"volume":9,"date_updated":"2023-08-17T06:27:22Z","date_created":"2021-12-20T07:53:19Z","year":"2021","acknowledgement":"We are grateful for the help of Kristina Dauven, Andreas Ebner, Janina Röckner, and Paulina Urban for fish collection in the field and fish maintenance. Furthermore, we thank Fabian Wendt for setting up the aquaria system and Tatjana Liese, Paulina Urban, Jakob Gismann, and Thorsten Reusch for support with DNA extraction and analysis of pipefish population structure. The authors acknowledge support of Isabel Tanger, Agnes Piecyk, Jonas Müller, Grace Walls, Sebastian Albrecht, Julia Böge, and Julia Stefanschitz for their support in preparing cDNA and running of Fluidigm chips. A special thank goes to Diana Gill for general lab support, ordering materials and just being the good spirit of our molecular lab, to Till Bayer for bioinformatics support and to Melanie Heckwolf for fruitful discussion and feedback on the manuscript. HG is very grateful for inspirational office space with ocean view provided by Lisa Hentschel and family. This manuscript has been released as a pre-print at BIORXIV.","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Frontiers Media","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"25","scopus_import":"1","keyword":["ecology","evolution","behavior and systematics","trans-generational plasticity","genetic adaptation","local adaptation","phenotypic plasticity","Baltic Sea","climate change","salinity","syngnathids"],"date_published":"2021-03-25T00:00:00Z","citation":{"short":"H. Goehlich, L. Sartoris, K.-S. Wagner, C.C. Wendling, O. Roth, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 9 (2021).","mla":"Goehlich, Henry, et al. “Pipefish Locally Adapted to Low Salinity in the Baltic Sea Retain Phenotypic Plasticity to Cope with Ancestral Salinity Levels.” Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9, 626442, Frontiers Media, 2021, doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.626442.","chicago":"Goehlich, Henry, Linda Sartoris, Kim-Sara Wagner, Carolin C. Wendling, and Olivia Roth. “Pipefish Locally Adapted to Low Salinity in the Baltic Sea Retain Phenotypic Plasticity to Cope with Ancestral Salinity Levels.” Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. Frontiers Media, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.626442.","ama":"Goehlich H, Sartoris L, Wagner K-S, Wendling CC, Roth O. Pipefish locally adapted to low salinity in the Baltic Sea retain phenotypic plasticity to cope with ancestral salinity levels. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 2021;9. doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.626442","ieee":"H. Goehlich, L. Sartoris, K.-S. Wagner, C. C. Wendling, and O. Roth, “Pipefish locally adapted to low salinity in the Baltic Sea retain phenotypic plasticity to cope with ancestral salinity levels,” Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9. Frontiers Media, 2021.","apa":"Goehlich, H., Sartoris, L., Wagner, K.-S., Wendling, C. C., & Roth, O. (2021). Pipefish locally adapted to low salinity in the Baltic Sea retain phenotypic plasticity to cope with ancestral salinity levels. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.626442","ista":"Goehlich H, Sartoris L, Wagner K-S, Wendling CC, Roth O. 2021. Pipefish locally adapted to low salinity in the Baltic Sea retain phenotypic plasticity to cope with ancestral salinity levels. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 9, 626442."},"publication":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"text":"Genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity facilitate the migration into new habitats and enable organisms to cope with a rapidly changing environment. In contrast to genetic adaptation that spans multiple generations as an evolutionary process, phenotypic plasticity allows acclimation within the life-time of an organism. Genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity are usually studied in isolation, however, only by including their interactive impact, we can understand acclimation and adaptation in nature. We aimed to explore the contribution of adaptation and plasticity in coping with an abiotic (salinity) and a biotic (Vibrio bacteria) stressor using six different populations of the broad-nosed pipefish Syngnathus typhle that originated from either high [14–17 Practical Salinity Unit (PSU)] or low (7–11 PSU) saline environments along the German coastline of the Baltic Sea. We exposed wild caught animals, to either high (15 PSU) or low (7 PSU) salinity, representing native and novel salinity conditions and allowed animals to mate. After male pregnancy, offspring was split and each half was exposed to one of the two salinities and infected with Vibrio alginolyticus bacteria that were evolved at either of the two salinities in a fully reciprocal design. We investigated life-history traits of fathers and expression of 47 target genes in mothers and offspring. Pregnant males originating from high salinity exposed to low salinity were highly susceptible to opportunistic fungi infections resulting in decreased offspring size and number. In contrast, no signs of fungal infection were identified in fathers originating from low saline conditions suggesting that genetic adaptation has the potential to overcome the challenges encountered at low salinity. Offspring from parents with low saline origin survived better at low salinity suggesting genetic adaptation to low salinity. In addition, gene expression analyses of juveniles indicated patterns of local adaptation, trans-generational plasticity and developmental plasticity. In conclusion, our study suggests that pipefish are locally adapted to the low salinity in their environment, however, they are retaining phenotypic plasticity, which allows them to also cope with ancestral salinity levels and prevailing pathogens.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"creator":"alisjak","file_size":3175085,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2021_Frontiers_Goehlich.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2021-12-20T10:44:20Z","date_updated":"2021-12-20T10:44:20Z","success":1,"checksum":"8d6e2b767bb0240a9b5a3a3555be51fd","file_id":"10572","relation":"main_file"}],"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"10568","intvolume":" 9","ddc":["597"],"status":"public","title":"Pipefish locally adapted to low salinity in the Baltic Sea retain phenotypic plasticity to cope with ancestral salinity levels"},{"article_number":"jeb243647","file_date_updated":"2021-12-20T10:14:14Z","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","publication_status":"published","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Véronique Helfer, Walter Hödl, Lisa Schretzmeyer and Julia Wotke, who assisted with fieldwork in French Guiana. This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P24788, T699 and P31518 to E.R.; P33728 to M.R.; J3827 to Thomas Bugnyar, Tecumseh Fitch and Ludwig Huber]; and by the Austrian Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft [IS761001 to J.O. (Tecumseh Fitch, Thomas Bugnyar and Ludwig Huber)]. A.P. was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 835530. S.A.R. was supported by the HT faculty, Lund University. We thank the CNRS Nouragues Ecological Research Station, which benefited from the ‘Investissement d'Avenir’ grants managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (AnaEE France ANR-11-INBS-0001; Labex CEBA ANR-10-LABX-25-01). Open access funding provided by University of Vienna. Deposited in PMC for immediate release.","year":"2021","volume":224,"date_updated":"2023-08-17T06:26:15Z","date_created":"2021-12-20T07:54:22Z","author":[{"last_name":"Szabo","first_name":"B","full_name":"Szabo, B"},{"full_name":"Mangione, R","first_name":"R","last_name":"Mangione"},{"full_name":"Rath, M","last_name":"Rath","first_name":"M"},{"full_name":"Pašukonis, A","first_name":"A","last_name":"Pašukonis"},{"full_name":"Reber, SA","last_name":"Reber","first_name":"SA"},{"first_name":"Jinook","last_name":"Oh","id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E","orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","full_name":"Oh, Jinook"},{"last_name":"Ringler","first_name":"M","full_name":"Ringler, M"},{"last_name":"Ringler","first_name":"E","full_name":"Ringler, E"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-0949"],"eissn":["1477-9145"]},"month":"12","isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["34845497"],"isi":["000738259300013"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1242/jeb.243647","type":"journal_article","issue":"24","abstract":[{"text":"For animals to survive until reproduction, it is crucial that juveniles successfully detect potential predators and respond with appropriate behavior. The recognition of cues originating from predators can be innate or learned. Cues of various modalities might be used alone or in multi-modal combinations to detect and distinguish predators but studies investigating multi-modal integration in predator avoidance are scarce. Here, we used wild, naive tadpoles of the Neotropical poison frog Allobates femoralis ( Boulenger, 1884) to test their reaction to cues with two modalities from two different sympatrically occurring potential predators: heterospecific predatory Dendrobates tinctorius tadpoles and dragonfly larvae. We presented A. femoralis tadpoles with olfactory or visual cues, or a combination of the two, and compared their reaction to a water control in a between-individual design. In our trials, A. femoralis tadpoles reacted to multi-modal stimuli (a combination of visual and chemical information) originating from dragonfly larvae with avoidance but showed no reaction to uni-modal cues or cues from heterospecific tadpoles. In addition, visual cues from conspecifics increased swimming activity while cues from predators had no effect on tadpole activity. Our results show that A. femoralis tadpoles can innately recognize some predators and probably need both visual and chemical information to effectively avoid them. This is the first study looking at anti-predator behavior in poison frog tadpoles. We discuss how parental care might influence the expression of predator avoidance responses in tadpoles.","lang":"eng"}],"intvolume":" 224","status":"public","title":"Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles","ddc":["573"],"_id":"10569","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"date_updated":"2021-12-20T10:14:14Z","date_created":"2021-12-20T10:14:14Z","success":1,"checksum":"75d13a5ec8e3b90e3bc02bd8a9c17eef","file_id":"10571","relation":"main_file","creator":"cchlebak","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":607096,"file_name":"2021_JExpBio_Szabo.pdf","access_level":"open_access"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"16","article_type":"original","citation":{"ieee":"B. Szabo et al., “Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles,” Journal of Experimental Biology, vol. 224, no. 24. The Company of Biologists, 2021.","apa":"Szabo, B., Mangione, R., Rath, M., Pašukonis, A., Reber, S., Oh, J., … Ringler, E. (2021). Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles. Journal of Experimental Biology. The Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647","ista":"Szabo B, Mangione R, Rath M, Pašukonis A, Reber S, Oh J, Ringler M, Ringler E. 2021. Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles. Journal of Experimental Biology. 224(24), jeb243647.","ama":"Szabo B, Mangione R, Rath M, et al. Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles. Journal of Experimental Biology. 2021;224(24). doi:10.1242/jeb.243647","chicago":"Szabo, B, R Mangione, M Rath, A Pašukonis, SA Reber, Jinook Oh, M Ringler, and E Ringler. “Naïve Poison Frog Tadpoles Use Bi-Modal Cues to Avoid Insect Predators but Not Heterospecific Predatory Tadpoles.” Journal of Experimental Biology. The Company of Biologists, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647.","short":"B. Szabo, R. Mangione, M. Rath, A. Pašukonis, S. Reber, J. Oh, M. Ringler, E. Ringler, Journal of Experimental Biology 224 (2021).","mla":"Szabo, B., et al. “Naïve Poison Frog Tadpoles Use Bi-Modal Cues to Avoid Insect Predators but Not Heterospecific Predatory Tadpoles.” Journal of Experimental Biology, vol. 224, no. 24, jeb243647, The Company of Biologists, 2021, doi:10.1242/jeb.243647."},"publication":"Journal of Experimental Biology","date_published":"2021-12-16T00:00:00Z"},{"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","editor":[{"first_name":"C","last_name":"Starr","full_name":"Starr, C"}],"publication_status":"published","status":"public","title":"Parasites and Pathogens","_id":"9096","year":"2020","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"None","date_created":"2021-02-05T12:15:18Z","date_updated":"2021-02-05T12:19:21Z","author":[{"full_name":"Schmid-Hempel, Paul","last_name":"Schmid-Hempel","first_name":"Paul"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia M"}],"place":"Cham","type":"book_chapter","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Schmid-Hempel, Paul, and Sylvia Cremer. “Parasites and Pathogens.” In Encyclopedia of Social Insects, edited by C Starr. Cham: Springer Nature, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1.","mla":"Schmid-Hempel, Paul, and Sylvia Cremer. “Parasites and Pathogens.” Encyclopedia of Social Insects, edited by C Starr, Springer Nature, 2020, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1.","short":"P. Schmid-Hempel, S. Cremer, in:, C. Starr (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Social Insects, Springer Nature, Cham, 2020.","ista":"Schmid-Hempel P, Cremer S. 2020.Parasites and Pathogens. In: Encyclopedia of Social Insects. .","apa":"Schmid-Hempel, P., & Cremer, S. (2020). Parasites and Pathogens. In C. Starr (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Social Insects. Cham: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1","ieee":"P. Schmid-Hempel and S. Cremer, “Parasites and Pathogens,” in Encyclopedia of Social Insects, C. Starr, Ed. Cham: Springer Nature, 2020.","ama":"Schmid-Hempel P, Cremer S. Parasites and Pathogens. In: Starr C, ed. Encyclopedia of Social Insects. Cham: Springer Nature; 2020. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1"},"publication":"Encyclopedia of Social Insects","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1","date_published":"2020-02-22T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783319903064"]},"month":"02","day":"22"},{"abstract":[{"text":"In plants, clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME) represents the major route for cargo internalisation from the cell surface. It has been assumed to operate in an evolutionary conserved manner as in yeast and animals. Here we report characterisation of ultrastructure, dynamics and mechanisms of plant CME as allowed by our advancement in electron microscopy and quantitative live imaging techniques. Arabidopsis CME appears to follow the constant curvature model and the bona fide CME population generates vesicles of a predominantly hexagonal-basket type; larger and with faster kinetics than in other models. Contrary to the existing paradigm, actin is dispensable for CME events at the plasma membrane but plays a unique role in collecting endocytic vesicles, sorting of internalised cargos and directional endosome movement that itself actively promote CME events. Internalized vesicles display a strongly delayed and sequential uncoating. These unique features highlight the independent evolution of the plant CME mechanism during the autonomous rise of multicellularity in eukaryotes.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_name":"2020_eLife_Narasimhan.pdf","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":7247468,"creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","file_id":"7494","date_created":"2020-02-18T07:21:16Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:59Z","checksum":"2052daa4be5019534f3a42f200a09f32"}],"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"7490","intvolume":" 9","status":"public","title":"Evolutionarily unique mechanistic framework of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants","ddc":["570","580"],"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"23","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2020-01-23T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ama":"Narasimhan M, Johnson AJ, Prizak R, et al. Evolutionarily unique mechanistic framework of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants. eLife. 2020;9. doi:10.7554/eLife.52067","ieee":"M. Narasimhan et al., “Evolutionarily unique mechanistic framework of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants,” eLife, vol. 9. eLife Sciences Publications, 2020.","apa":"Narasimhan, M., Johnson, A. J., Prizak, R., Kaufmann, W., Tan, S., Casillas Perez, B. E., & Friml, J. (2020). Evolutionarily unique mechanistic framework of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.52067","ista":"Narasimhan M, Johnson AJ, Prizak R, Kaufmann W, Tan S, Casillas Perez BE, Friml J. 2020. Evolutionarily unique mechanistic framework of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants. eLife. 9, e52067.","short":"M. Narasimhan, A.J. Johnson, R. Prizak, W. Kaufmann, S. Tan, B.E. Casillas Perez, J. Friml, ELife 9 (2020).","mla":"Narasimhan, Madhumitha, et al. “Evolutionarily Unique Mechanistic Framework of Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in Plants.” ELife, vol. 9, e52067, eLife Sciences Publications, 2020, doi:10.7554/eLife.52067.","chicago":"Narasimhan, Madhumitha, Alexander J Johnson, Roshan Prizak, Walter Kaufmann, Shutang Tan, Barbara E Casillas Perez, and Jiří Friml. “Evolutionarily Unique Mechanistic Framework of Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in Plants.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.52067."},"publication":"eLife","article_type":"original","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:59Z","article_number":"e52067","author":[{"full_name":"Narasimhan, Madhumitha","id":"44BF24D0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8600-0671","first_name":"Madhumitha","last_name":"Narasimhan"},{"full_name":"Johnson, Alexander J","id":"46A62C3A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2739-8843","first_name":"Alexander J","last_name":"Johnson"},{"full_name":"Prizak, Roshan","first_name":"Roshan","last_name":"Prizak","id":"4456104E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Kaufmann, Walter","first_name":"Walter","last_name":"Kaufmann","id":"3F99E422-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-9735-5315"},{"full_name":"Tan, Shutang","id":"2DE75584-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-0471-8285","first_name":"Shutang","last_name":"Tan"},{"id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Casillas Perez","first_name":"Barbara E","full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E"},{"last_name":"Friml","first_name":"Jiří","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Friml, Jiří"}],"volume":9,"date_created":"2020-02-16T23:00:50Z","date_updated":"2023-08-18T06:33:07Z","pmid":1,"year":"2020","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"},{"_id":"GaTk"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"},{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2050-084X"]},"month":"01","doi":"10.7554/eLife.52067","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000514104100001"],"pmid":["31971511"]},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"project":[{"name":"Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"742985","_id":"261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants","grant_number":"I03630","_id":"26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1},{"file":[{"creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":561749,"file_name":"2020_EcologyLetters_Milutinovic.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-11-19T11:27:10Z","date_created":"2020-11-19T11:27:10Z","success":1,"checksum":"0cd8be386fa219db02845b7c3991ce04","file_id":"8776","relation":"main_file"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","intvolume":" 23","title":"Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens","status":"public","ddc":["570"],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"7343","issue":"3","abstract":[{"text":"Coinfections with multiple pathogens can result in complex within‐host dynamics affecting virulence and transmission. While multiple infections are intensively studied in solitary hosts, it is so far unresolved how social host interactions interfere with pathogen competition, and if this depends on coinfection diversity. We studied how the collective disease defences of ants – their social immunity – influence pathogen competition in coinfections of same or different fungal pathogen species. Social immunity reduced virulence for all pathogen combinations, but interfered with spore production only in different‐species coinfections. Here, it decreased overall pathogen sporulation success while increasing co‐sporulation on individual cadavers and maintaining a higher pathogen diversity at the community level. Mathematical modelling revealed that host sanitary care alone can modulate competitive outcomes between pathogens, giving advantage to fast‐germinating, thus less grooming‐sensitive ones. Host social interactions can hence modulate infection dynamics in coinfected group members, thereby altering pathogen communities at the host level and population level.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","page":"565-574","article_type":"letter_note","citation":{"ama":"Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Ecology Letters. 2020;23(3):565-574. doi:10.1111/ele.13458","ieee":"B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A. V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, and S. Cremer, “Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens,” Ecology Letters, vol. 23, no. 3. Wiley, pp. 565–574, 2020.","apa":"Milutinovic, B., Stock, M., Grasse, A. V., Naderlinger, E., Hilbe, C., & Cremer, S. (2020). Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Ecology Letters. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13458","ista":"Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. 2020. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Ecology Letters. 23(3), 565–574.","short":"B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A.V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, S. Cremer, Ecology Letters 23 (2020) 565–574.","mla":"Milutinovic, Barbara, et al. “Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens.” Ecology Letters, vol. 23, no. 3, Wiley, 2020, pp. 565–74, doi:10.1111/ele.13458.","chicago":"Milutinovic, Barbara, Miriam Stock, Anna V Grasse, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Christian Hilbe, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens.” Ecology Letters. Wiley, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13458."},"publication":"Ecology Letters","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","volume":23,"date_updated":"2023-09-05T16:04:49Z","date_created":"2020-01-20T13:32:12Z","related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"press_release","description":"News on IST Homepage","url":"https://ist.ac.at/en/news/social-ants-shapes-disease-outcome/"}],"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"13060"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic","first_name":"Barbara","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Stock, Miriam","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Stock","first_name":"Miriam"},{"id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"full_name":"Naderlinger, Elisabeth","id":"31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Naderlinger","first_name":"Elisabeth"},{"full_name":"Hilbe, Christian","last_name":"Hilbe","first_name":"Christian","orcid":"0000-0001-5116-955X","id":"2FDF8F3C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"},{"_id":"KrCh"}],"publisher":"Wiley","publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"We thank Bernhardt Steinwender and Jorgen Eilenberg for the fungal strains, Xavier Espadaler, Mireia Diaz, Christiane Wanke, Lumi Viljakainen and the Social Immunity Team at IST Austria, for help with ant collection, and Wanda Gorecka and Gertraud Stift of the IST Austria Life Science Facility for technical support. We are thankful to Dieter Ebert for input at all stages of the project, Roger Mundry for statistical advice, Hinrich Schulenburg, Paul Schmid-Hempel, Yuko\r\nUlrich and Joachim Kurtz for project discussion, Bor Kavcic for advice on growth curves, Marcus Roper for advice on modelling work and comments on the manuscript, as well as Marjon de Vos, Weini Huang and the Social Immunity Team for comments on the manuscript.\r\nThis study was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Priority Programme 1399 Host-parasite Coevolution (CR 118/3 to S.C.) and the People Programme\r\n(Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement no 291734 (ISTFELLOW to B.M.). ","year":"2020","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-11-19T11:27:10Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"doi":"10.1111/ele.13458","project":[{"grant_number":"291734","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme"},{"grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution"}],"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"external_id":{"isi":["000507515900001"]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1461-0248"],"issn":["1461-023X"]},"month":"03"},{"abstract":[{"text":"Coinfections with multiple pathogens can result in complex within-host dynamics affecting virulence and transmission. Whilst multiple infections are intensively studied in solitary hosts, it is so far unresolved how social host interactions interfere with pathogen competition, and if this depends on coinfection diversity. We studied how the collective disease defenses of ants – their social immunity – influence pathogen competition in coinfections of same or different fungal pathogen species. Social immunity reduced virulence for all pathogen combinations, but interfered with spore production only in different-species coinfections. Here, it decreased overall pathogen sporulation success, whilst simultaneously increasing co-sporulation on individual cadavers and maintaining a higher pathogen diversity at the community-level. Mathematical modeling revealed that host sanitary care alone can modulate competitive outcomes between pathogens, giving advantage to fast-germinating, thus less grooming-sensitive ones. Host social interactions can hence modulate infection dynamics in coinfected group members, thereby altering pathogen communities at the host- and population-level.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"research_data_reference","oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2023-05-23T16:11:22Z","date_updated":"2023-09-05T16:04:48Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public","id":"7343"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758"},{"full_name":"Stock, Miriam","first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Stock","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Anna V","last_name":"Grasse"},{"full_name":"Naderlinger, Elisabeth","first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Naderlinger","id":"31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"2FDF8F3C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5116-955X","first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Hilbe","full_name":"Hilbe, Christian"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"publisher":"Dryad","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"},{"_id":"KrCh"}],"status":"public","ddc":["570"],"title":"Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens","year":"2020","_id":"13060","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"19","month":"12","date_published":"2020-12-19T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318","tmp":{"short":"CC0 (1.0)","image":"/images/cc_0.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)"},"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.crjdfn318","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"short":"B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A.V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, S. Cremer, (2020).","mla":"Milutinovic, Barbara, et al. Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens. Dryad, 2020, doi:10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318.","chicago":"Milutinovic, Barbara, Miriam Stock, Anna V Grasse, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Christian Hilbe, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens.” Dryad, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318.","ama":"Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. 2020. doi:10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318","apa":"Milutinovic, B., Stock, M., Grasse, A. V., Naderlinger, E., Hilbe, C., & Cremer, S. (2020). Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318","ieee":"B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A. V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, and S. Cremer, “Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens.” Dryad, 2020.","ista":"Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. 2020. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens, Dryad, 10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318."}},{"type":"journal_article","issue":"4","abstract":[{"text":" Hosts can alter their strategy towards pathogens during their lifetime; that is, they can show phenotypic plasticity in immunity or life history. Immune priming is one such example, where a previous encounter with a pathogen confers enhanced protection upon secondary challenge, resulting in reduced pathogen load (i.e., resistance) and improved host survival. However, an initial encounter might also enhance tolerance, particularly to less virulent opportunistic pathogens that establish persistent infections. In this scenario, individuals are better able to reduce the negative fecundity consequences that result from a high pathogen burden. Finally, previous exposure may also lead to life‐history adjustments, such as terminal investment into reproduction.\r\n Using different Drosophila melanogaster host genotypes and two bacterial pathogens, Lactococcus lactis and Pseudomonas entomophila, we tested whether previous exposure results in resistance or tolerance and whether it modifies immune gene expression during an acute‐phase infection (one day post‐challenge). We then asked whether previous pathogen exposure affects chronic‐phase pathogen persistence and longer‐term survival (28 days post‐challenge).\r\n We predicted that previous exposure would increase host resistance to an early stage bacterial infection while it might come at a cost to host fecundity tolerance. We reasoned that resistance would be due in part to stronger immune gene expression after challenge. We expected that previous exposure would improve long‐term survival, that it would reduce infection persistence, and we expected to find genetic variation in these responses.\r\n We found that previous exposure to P. entomophila weakened host resistance to a second infection independent of genotype and had no effect on immune gene expression. Fecundity tolerance showed genotypic variation but was not influenced by previous exposure. However, L. lactis persisted as a chronic infection, whereas survivors cleared the more pathogenic P. entomophila infection.\r\n To our knowledge, this is the first study that addresses host tolerance to bacteria in relation to previous exposure, taking a multi‐faceted approach to address the topic. Our results suggest that previous exposure comes with transient costs to resistance during the early stage of infection in this host–pathogen system and that infection persistence may be bacterium‐specific.\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"intvolume":" 88","title":"A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"6105","file":[{"file_size":1460662,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2019_JournalAnimalEcology_Kutzer.pdf","checksum":"405cde15120de26018b3bd0dfa29986c","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:19Z","date_created":"2019-03-18T07:43:06Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"6107"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","page":"566-578","article_type":"original","citation":{"ama":"Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Journal of Animal Ecology. 2019;88(4):566-578. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12953","ista":"Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. 2019. A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Journal of Animal Ecology. 88(4), 566–578.","apa":"Kutzer, M., Kurtz, J., & Armitage, S. A. O. (2019). A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Journal of Animal Ecology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12953","ieee":"M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, and S. A. O. Armitage, “A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance,” Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 88, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 566–578, 2019.","mla":"Kutzer, Megan, et al. “A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance.” Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 88, no. 4, Wiley, 2019, pp. 566–78, doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12953.","short":"M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, S.A.O. Armitage, Journal of Animal Ecology 88 (2019) 566–578.","chicago":"Kutzer, Megan, Joachim Kurtz, and Sophie A.O. Armitage. “A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance.” Journal of Animal Ecology. Wiley, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12953."},"publication":"Journal of Animal Ecology","date_published":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:19Z","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","year":"2019","volume":88,"date_created":"2019-03-17T22:59:15Z","date_updated":"2023-08-25T08:04:53Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9806"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Kutzer, Megan","last_name":"Kutzer","first_name":"Megan","orcid":"0000-0002-8696-6978","id":"29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Joachim","last_name":"Kurtz","full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim"},{"full_name":"Armitage, Sophie A.O.","last_name":"Armitage","first_name":"Sophie A.O."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["00218790"],"eissn":["13652656"]},"month":"04","project":[{"name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"291734"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000467994800007"]},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.12953"},{"year":"2019","_id":"9806","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","title":"Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance","status":"public","publisher":"Dryad","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Kutzer","first_name":"Megan","orcid":"0000-0002-8696-6978","id":"29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Kutzer, Megan"},{"full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim","last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim"},{"full_name":"Armitage, Sophie A.O.","last_name":"Armitage","first_name":"Sophie A.O."}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"6105","relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public"}]},"date_created":"2021-08-06T12:06:40Z","date_updated":"2023-08-25T08:04:52Z","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"text":"1. Hosts can alter their strategy towards pathogens during their lifetime, i.e., they can show phenotypic plasticity in immunity or life history. Immune priming is one such example, where a previous encounter with a pathogen confers enhanced protection upon secondary challenge, resulting in reduced pathogen load (i.e. resistance) and improved host survival. However, an initial encounter might also enhance tolerance, particularly to less virulent opportunistic pathogens that establish persistent infections. In this scenario, individuals are better able to reduce the negative fitness consequences that result from a high pathogen load. Finally, previous exposure may also lead to life history adjustments, such as terminal investment into reproduction. 2. Using different Drosophila melanogaster host genotypes and two bacterial pathogens, Lactococcus lactis and Pseudomonas entomophila, we tested if previous exposure results in resistance or tolerance and whether it modifies immune gene expression during an acute-phase infection (one day post-challenge). We then asked if previous pathogen exposure affects chronic-phase pathogen persistence and longer-term survival (28 days post-challenge). 3. We predicted that previous exposure would increase host resistance to an early stage bacterial infection while it might come at a cost to host fecundity tolerance. We reasoned that resistance would be due in part to stronger immune gene expression after challenge. We expected that previous exposure would improve long-term survival, that it would reduce infection persistence, and we expected to find genetic variation in these responses. 4. We found that previous exposure to P. entomophila weakened host resistance to a second infection independent of genotype and had no effect on immune gene expression. Fecundity tolerance showed genotypic variation but was not influenced by previous exposure. However, L. lactis persisted as a chronic infection, whereas survivors cleared the more pathogenic P. entomophila infection. 5. To our knowledge, this is the first study that addresses host tolerance to bacteria in relation to previous exposure, taking a multi-faceted approach to address the topic. Our results suggest that previous exposure comes with transient costs to resistance during the early stage of infection in this host-pathogen system and that infection persistence may be bacterium-specific.","lang":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"mla":"Kutzer, Megan, et al. Data from: A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance. Dryad, 2019, doi:10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0.","short":"M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, S.A.O. Armitage, (2019).","chicago":"Kutzer, Megan, Joachim Kurtz, and Sophie A.O. Armitage. “Data from: A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance.” Dryad, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0.","ama":"Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. 2019. doi:10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0","ista":"Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. 2019. Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0.","ieee":"M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, and S. A. O. Armitage, “Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance.” Dryad, 2019.","apa":"Kutzer, M., Kurtz, J., & Armitage, S. A. O. (2019). Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0"},"oa":1,"date_published":"2019-02-05T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0","month":"02","day":"05","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","page":"63-68","publication":"Current Opinion in Insect Science","citation":{"apa":"Cremer, S. (2019). Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants,” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 33. Elsevier, pp. 63–68, 2019.","ista":"Cremer S. 2019. Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 33, 63–68.","ama":"Cremer S. Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 2019;33:63-68. doi:10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Pathogens and Disease Defense of Invasive Ants.” Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011.","short":"S. Cremer, Current Opinion in Insect Science 33 (2019) 63–68.","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Pathogens and Disease Defense of Invasive Ants.” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 33, Elsevier, 2019, pp. 63–68, doi:10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011."},"external_id":{"isi":["000477666000012"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","month":"06","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["22145753"],"issn":["22145745"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","status":"public","title":"Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","intvolume":" 33","year":"2019","_id":"6415","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","date_updated":"2023-08-25T10:31:31Z","date_created":"2019-05-13T07:58:36Z","oa_version":"None","volume":33,"author":[{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Ant invasions are often harmful to native species communities. Their pathogens and host disease defense mechanisms may be one component of their devastating success. First, they can introduce harmful diseases to their competitors in the introduced range, to which they themselves are tolerant. Second, their supercolonial social structure of huge multi-queen nest networks means that they will harbor a broad pathogen spectrum and high pathogen load while remaining resilient, unlike the smaller, territorial colonies of the native species. Thus, it is likely that invasive ants act as a disease reservoir, promoting their competitive advantage and invasive success."}]},{"pmid":1,"year":"2019","publisher":"Elsevier","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"volume":29,"date_created":"2019-06-09T21:59:10Z","date_updated":"2023-08-28T09:38:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["09609822"]},"month":"06","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000470902000023"],"pmid":["31163158"]},"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","issue":"11","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"When animals become sick, infected cells and an armada of activated immune cells attempt to eliminate the pathogen from the body. Once infectious particles have breached the body's physical barriers of the skin or gut lining, an initially local response quickly escalates into a systemic response, attracting mobile immune cells to the site of infection. These cells complement the initial, unspecific defense with a more specialized, targeted response. This can also provide long-term immune memory and protection against future infection. The cell-autonomous defenses of the infected cells are thus aided by the actions of recruited immune cells. These specialized cells are the most mobile cells in the body, constantly patrolling through the otherwise static tissue to detect incoming pathogens. Such constant immune surveillance means infections are noticed immediately and can be rapidly cleared from the body. Some immune cells also remove infected cells that have succumbed to infection. All this prevents pathogen replication and spread to healthy tissues. Although this may involve the sacrifice of some somatic tissue, this is typically replaced quickly. Particular care is, however, given to the reproductive organs, which should always remain disease free (immune privilege). "}],"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"6552","intvolume":" 29","title":"Social immunity in insects","status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"03","citation":{"short":"S. Cremer, Current Biology 29 (2019) R458–R463.","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Social Immunity in Insects.” Current Biology, vol. 29, no. 11, Elsevier, 2019, pp. R458–63, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Social Immunity in Insects.” Current Biology. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035.","ama":"Cremer S. Social immunity in insects. Current Biology. 2019;29(11):R458-R463. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035","apa":"Cremer, S. (2019). Social immunity in insects. Current Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Social immunity in insects,” Current Biology, vol. 29, no. 11. Elsevier, pp. R458–R463, 2019.","ista":"Cremer S. 2019. Social immunity in insects. Current Biology. 29(11), R458–R463."},"publication":"Current Biology","page":"R458-R463","article_type":"original","date_published":"2019-06-03T00:00:00Z"},{"day":"06","month":"02","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9780128132517"],"eisbn":["9780128132524"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2019-02-06T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0","isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","page":"747-755","publication":"Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior","citation":{"chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia, and Megan Kutzer. “Social Immunity.” In Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, edited by Jae Choe, 2nd ed., 747–55. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0.","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia, and Megan Kutzer. “Social Immunity.” Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, edited by Jae Choe, 2nd ed., Elsevier, 2019, pp. 747–55, doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0.","short":"S. Cremer, M. Kutzer, in:, J. Choe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 2nd ed., Elsevier, 2019, pp. 747–755.","ista":"Cremer S, Kutzer M. 2019.Social immunity. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior. , 747–755.","ieee":"S. Cremer and M. Kutzer, “Social immunity,” in Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 2nd ed., J. Choe, Ed. Elsevier, 2019, pp. 747–755.","apa":"Cremer, S., & Kutzer, M. (2019). Social immunity. In J. Choe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior (2nd ed., pp. 747–755). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0","ama":"Cremer S, Kutzer M. Social immunity. In: Choe J, ed. Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior. 2nd ed. Elsevier; 2019:747-755. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0"},"external_id":{"isi":["000248989500026"]},"abstract":[{"text":"Social insects (i.e., ants, termites and the social bees and wasps) protect their colonies from disease using a combination of individual immunity and collectively performed defenses, termed social immunity. The first line of social immune defense is sanitary care, which is performed by colony members to protect their pathogen-exposed nestmates from developing an infection. If sanitary care fails and an infection becomes established, a second line of social immune defense is deployed to stop disease transmission within the colony and to protect the valuable queens, which together with the males are the reproductive individuals of the colony. Insect colonies are separated into these reproductive individuals and the sterile worker force, forming a superorganismal reproductive unit reminiscent of the differentiated germline and soma in a multicellular organism. Ultimately, the social immune response preserves the germline of the superorganism insect colony and increases overall fitness of the colony in case of disease. ","lang":"eng"}],"type":"book_chapter","date_created":"2020-02-23T23:00:36Z","date_updated":"2023-09-08T11:12:04Z","oa_version":"None","author":[{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"},{"full_name":"Kutzer, Megan","first_name":"Megan","last_name":"Kutzer","id":"29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8696-6978"}],"edition":"2","title":"Social immunity","status":"public","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Elsevier","editor":[{"first_name":"Jae","last_name":"Choe","full_name":"Choe, Jae"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"_id":"7513","year":"2019","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1"},{"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"1999","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E","last_name":"Casillas Perez","first_name":"Barbara E","id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"date_updated":"2023-09-07T12:57:04Z","date_created":"2019-05-13T08:58:35Z","year":"2019","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:15Z","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia M","last_name":"Cremer"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","oa":1,"project":[{"name":"Epidemics in ant societies on a chip","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"771402"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"month":"05","file":[{"checksum":"6daf2d2086111aa8fd3fbc919a3e2833","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:15Z","date_created":"2019-05-13T09:16:20Z","file_id":"6438","embargo":"2020-05-08","relation":"main_file","creator":"casillas","file_size":3895187,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"tesisDoctoradoBC.pdf"},{"relation":"source_file","file_id":"6439","checksum":"3d221aaff7559a7060230a1ff610594f","date_created":"2019-05-13T09:16:20Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:30Z","access_level":"closed","embargo_to":"open_access","file_name":"tesisDoctoradoBC.zip","content_type":"application/zip","file_size":7365118,"creator":"casillas"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"6435","title":"Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen","status":"public","ddc":["570","006","578","592"],"abstract":[{"text":"Social insect colonies tend to have numerous members which function together like a single organism in such harmony that the term ``super-organism'' is often used. In this analogy the reproductive caste is analogous to the primordial germ\r\ncells of a metazoan, while the sterile worker caste corresponds to somatic cells. The worker castes, like tissues, are\r\nin charge of all functions of a living being, besides reproduction. The establishment of new super-organismal units\r\n(i.e. new colonies) is accomplished by the co-dependent castes. The term oftentimes goes beyond a metaphor. We invoke it when we speak about the metabolic rate, thermoregulation, nutrient regulation and gas exchange of a social insect colony. Furthermore, we assert that the super-organism has an immune system, and benefits from ``social immunity''.\r\n\r\nSocial immunity was first summoned by evolutionary biologists to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the expected high frequency of disease outbreak amongst numerous, closely related tightly-interacting hosts, living in stable and microbially-rich environments, against the exceptionally scarce epidemic accounts in natural populations. Social\r\nimmunity comprises a multi-layer assembly of behaviours which have evolved to effectively keep the pathogenic enemies of a colony at bay. The field of social immunity has drawn interest, as it becomes increasingly urgent to stop\r\nthe collapse of pollinator species and curb the growth of invasive pests. In the past decade, several mechanisms of\r\nsocial immune responses have been dissected, but many more questions remain open.\r\n\r\nI present my work in two experimental chapters. In the first, I use invasive garden ants (*Lasius neglectus*) to study how pathogen load and its distribution among nestmates affect the grooming response of the group. Any given group of ants will carry out the same total grooming work, but will direct their grooming effort towards individuals\r\ncarrying a relatively higher spore load. Contrary to expectation, the highest risk of transmission does not stem from grooming highly contaminated ants, but instead, we suggest that the grooming response likely minimizes spore loss to the environment, reducing contamination from inadvertent pickup from the substrate.\r\n\r\nThe second is a comparative developmental approach. I follow black garden ant queens (*Lasius niger*) and their colonies from mating flight, through hibernation for a year. Colonies which grow fast from the start, have a lower chance of survival through hibernation, and those which survive grow at a lower pace later. This is true for colonies of naive\r\nand challenged queens. Early pathogen exposure of the queens changes colony dynamics in an unexpected way: colonies from exposed queens are more likely to grow slowly and recover in numbers only after they survive hibernation.\r\n\r\nIn addition to the two experimental chapters, this thesis includes a co-authored published review on organisational\r\nimmunity, where we enlist the experimental evidence and theoretical framework on which this hypothesis is built,\r\nidentify the caveats and underline how the field is ripe to overcome them. In a final chapter, I describe my part in\r\ntwo collaborative efforts, one to develop an image-based tracker, and the second to develop a classifier for ant\r\nbehaviour.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"dissertation","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"date_published":"2019-05-07T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ama":"Casillas Perez BE. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435","ieee":"B. E. Casillas Perez, “Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.","apa":"Casillas Perez, B. E. (2019). Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435","ista":"Casillas Perez BE. 2019. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","short":"B.E. Casillas Perez, Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal Pathogen, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.","mla":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E. Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal Pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435.","chicago":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E. “Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal Pathogen.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435."},"page":"183","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"07","keyword":["Social Immunity","Sanitary care","Social Insects","Organisational Immunity","Colony development","Multi-target tracking"]},{"year":"2018","pmid":1,"publication_status":"published","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias"},{"full_name":"Pull, Christopher","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull"},{"last_name":"Metzler","first_name":"Sina","orcid":"0000-0002-9547-2494","id":"48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Metzler, Sina"},{"full_name":"Seif, Katharina","last_name":"Seif","first_name":"Katharina","id":"90F7894A-02CF-11E9-976E-E38CFE5CBC1D"},{"full_name":"Naderlinger, Elisabeth","last_name":"Naderlinger","first_name":"Elisabeth","id":"31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://ist.ac.at/en/news/helping-in-spite-of-risk-ants-perform-risk-averse-sanitary-care-of-infectious-nest-mates/","relation":"press_release","description":"News on IST Homepage"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:20Z","date_updated":"2023-09-08T13:22:21Z","volume":115,"publist_id":"7416","ec_funded":1,"oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000427245400069"],"pmid":["29463746"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29463746"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"project":[{"name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"243071"}],"doi":"10.1073/pnas.1713501115","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"03","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"413","status":"public","title":"Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care","intvolume":" 115","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Being cared for when sick is a benefit of sociality that can reduce disease and improve survival of group members. However, individuals providing care risk contracting infectious diseases themselves. If they contract a low pathogen dose, they may develop low-level infections that do not cause disease but still affect host immunity by either decreasing or increasing the host’s vulnerability to subsequent infections. Caring for contagious individuals can thus significantly alter the future disease susceptibility of caregivers. Using ants and their fungal pathogens as a model system, we tested if the altered disease susceptibility of experienced caregivers, in turn, affects their expression of sanitary care behavior. We found that low-level infections contracted during sanitary care had protective or neutral effects on secondary exposure to the same (homologous) pathogen but consistently caused high mortality on superinfection with a different (heterologous) pathogen. In response to this risk, the ants selectively adjusted the expression of their sanitary care. Specifically, the ants performed less grooming and more antimicrobial disinfection when caring for nestmates contaminated with heterologous pathogens compared with homologous ones. By modulating the components of sanitary care in this way the ants acquired less infectious particles of the heterologous pathogens, resulting in reduced superinfection. The performance of risk-adjusted sanitary care reveals the remarkable capacity of ants to react to changes in their disease susceptibility, according to their own infection history and to flexibly adjust collective care to individual risk."}],"issue":"11","publication":"PNAS","citation":{"chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Christopher Pull, Sina Metzler, Katharina Seif, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Anna V Grasse, and Sylvia Cremer. “Ants Avoid Superinfections by Performing Risk-Adjusted Sanitary Care.” PNAS. National Academy of Sciences, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1713501115.","short":"M. Konrad, C. Pull, S. Metzler, K. Seif, E. Naderlinger, A.V. Grasse, S. Cremer, PNAS 115 (2018) 2782–2787.","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. “Ants Avoid Superinfections by Performing Risk-Adjusted Sanitary Care.” PNAS, vol. 115, no. 11, National Academy of Sciences, 2018, pp. 2782–87, doi:10.1073/pnas.1713501115.","apa":"Konrad, M., Pull, C., Metzler, S., Seif, K., Naderlinger, E., Grasse, A. V., & Cremer, S. (2018). Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care. PNAS. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1713501115","ieee":"M. Konrad et al., “Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care,” PNAS, vol. 115, no. 11. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 2782–2787, 2018.","ista":"Konrad M, Pull C, Metzler S, Seif K, Naderlinger E, Grasse AV, Cremer S. 2018. Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care. PNAS. 115(11), 2782–2787.","ama":"Konrad M, Pull C, Metzler S, et al. Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care. PNAS. 2018;115(11):2782-2787. doi:10.1073/pnas.1713501115"},"page":"2782 - 2787","date_published":"2018-03-13T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","day":"13","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"month":"01","doi":"10.7554/eLife.32073","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"external_id":{"isi":["000419601300001"]},"oa":1,"project":[{"grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects"},{"grant_number":"302004","_id":"25DDF0F0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Pathogen Detectors Collective disease defence and pathogen detection abilities in ant societies: a chemo-neuro-immunological approach","call_identifier":"FP7"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"publist_id":"7188","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:20Z","article_number":"e32073","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"819"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Pull, Christopher","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Pull","first_name":"Christopher"},{"full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig"},{"last_name":"Wiesenhofer","first_name":"Florian","id":"39523C54-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Wiesenhofer, Florian"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon","full_name":"Tragust, Simon"},{"full_name":"Schmitt, Thomas","last_name":"Schmitt","first_name":"Thomas"},{"full_name":"Brown, Mark","first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Brown"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"volume":7,"date_updated":"2023-09-11T12:54:26Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:47:31Z","year":"2018","publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"09","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2018-01-09T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ista":"Pull C, Ugelvig LV, Wiesenhofer F, Grasse AV, Tragust S, Schmitt T, Brown M, Cremer S. 2018. Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies. eLife. 7, e32073.","ieee":"C. Pull et al., “Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies,” eLife, vol. 7. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018.","apa":"Pull, C., Ugelvig, L. V., Wiesenhofer, F., Grasse, A. V., Tragust, S., Schmitt, T., … Cremer, S. (2018). Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32073","ama":"Pull C, Ugelvig LV, Wiesenhofer F, et al. Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies. eLife. 2018;7. doi:10.7554/eLife.32073","chicago":"Pull, Christopher, Line V Ugelvig, Florian Wiesenhofer, Anna V Grasse, Simon Tragust, Thomas Schmitt, Mark Brown, and Sylvia Cremer. “Destructive Disinfection of Infected Brood Prevents Systemic Disease Spread in Ant Colonies.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32073.","mla":"Pull, Christopher, et al. “Destructive Disinfection of Infected Brood Prevents Systemic Disease Spread in Ant Colonies.” ELife, vol. 7, e32073, eLife Sciences Publications, 2018, doi:10.7554/eLife.32073.","short":"C. Pull, L.V. Ugelvig, F. Wiesenhofer, A.V. Grasse, S. Tragust, T. Schmitt, M. Brown, S. Cremer, ELife 7 (2018)."},"publication":"eLife","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Social insects protect their colonies from infectious disease through collective defences that result in social immunity. In ants, workers first try to prevent infection of colony members. Here, we show that if this fails and a pathogen establishes an infection, ants employ an efficient multicomponent behaviour − "destructive disinfection" − to prevent further spread of disease through the colony. Ants specifically target infected pupae during the pathogen's non-contagious incubation period, relying on chemical 'sickness cues' emitted by pupae. They then remove the pupal cocoon, perforate its cuticle and administer antimicrobial poison, which enters the body and prevents pathogen replication from the inside out. Like the immune system of a body that specifically targets and eliminates infected cells, this social immunity measure sacrifices infected brood to stop the pathogen completing its lifecycle, thus protecting the rest of the colony. Hence, the same principles of disease defence apply at different levels of biological organisation."}],"type":"journal_article","pubrep_id":"978","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2018-978-v1+1_elife-32073-v1.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":1435585,"creator":"system","relation":"main_file","file_id":"4832","checksum":"540f941e8d3530a9441e4affd94f07d7","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:10:43Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:20Z"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"616","intvolume":" 7","title":"Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies","status":"public","ddc":["570","590"]},{"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["29150962"],"isi":["000419307000014"]},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13211","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1111/jeb.13211","month":"01","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1010-061X"],"eissn":["1420-9101"]},"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2018","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank Susann Wicke for performing the genome-wide SNP/indel analyses, as well as Veronica Alves, Kevin Ferro, Momir Futo, Barbara Hasert, Dafne Maximo, Nora Schulz, Marlene Sroka, and Barth Wieczorek for technical help. We thank Brian Lazzaro for the L. lactis strain and Bruno Lemaitre for the Pseudomonas entomophila strain. We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. We are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) priority programme 1399 ‘Host parasite coevolution’ for funding this project (AR 872/1-1). ","pmid":1,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:47:31Z","date_updated":"2023-09-11T14:06:04Z","volume":31,"author":[{"last_name":"Kutzer","first_name":"Megan","orcid":"0000-0002-8696-6978","id":"29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Kutzer, Megan"},{"full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim","first_name":"Joachim","last_name":"Kurtz"},{"last_name":"Armitage","first_name":"Sophie","full_name":"Armitage, Sophie"}],"publist_id":"7187","article_type":"original","page":"159 - 171","publication":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","citation":{"chicago":"Kutzer, Megan, Joachim Kurtz, and Sophie Armitage. “Genotype and Diet Affect Resistance, Survival, and Fecundity but Not Fecundity Tolerance.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13211.","short":"M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, S. Armitage, Journal of Evolutionary Biology 31 (2018) 159–171.","mla":"Kutzer, Megan, et al. “Genotype and Diet Affect Resistance, Survival, and Fecundity but Not Fecundity Tolerance.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 31, no. 1, Wiley, 2018, pp. 159–71, doi:10.1111/jeb.13211.","ieee":"M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, and S. Armitage, “Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance,” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 31, no. 1. Wiley, pp. 159–171, 2018.","apa":"Kutzer, M., Kurtz, J., & Armitage, S. (2018). Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13211","ista":"Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage S. 2018. Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 31(1), 159–171.","ama":"Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage S. Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2018;31(1):159-171. doi:10.1111/jeb.13211"},"date_published":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","article_processing_charge":"No","status":"public","title":"Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance","intvolume":" 31","_id":"617","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Insects are exposed to a variety of potential pathogens in their environment, many of which can severely impact fitness and health. Consequently, hosts have evolved resistance and tolerance strategies to suppress or cope with infections. Hosts utilizing resistance improve fitness by clearing or reducing pathogen loads, and hosts utilizing tolerance reduce harmful fitness effects per pathogen load. To understand variation in, and selective pressures on, resistance and tolerance, we asked to what degree they are shaped by host genetic background, whether plasticity in these responses depends upon dietary environment, and whether there are interactions between these two factors. Females from ten wild-type Drosophila melanogaster genotypes were kept on high- or low-protein (yeast) diets and infected with one of two opportunistic bacterial pathogens, Lactococcus lactis or Pseudomonas entomophila. We measured host resistance as the inverse of bacterial load in the early infection phase. The relationship (slope) between fly fecundity and individual-level bacteria load provided our fecundity tolerance measure. Genotype and dietary yeast determined host fecundity and strongly affected survival after infection with pathogenic P. entomophila. There was considerable genetic variation in host resistance, a commonly found phenomenon resulting from for example varying resistance costs or frequency-dependent selection. Despite this variation and the reproductive cost of higher P. entomophila loads, fecundity tolerance did not vary across genotypes. The absence of genetic variation in tolerance may suggest that at this early infection stage, fecundity tolerance is fixed or that any evolved tolerance mechanisms are not expressed under these infection conditions.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"1"},{"publist_id":"7397","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","acknowledgement":"Research with C. obscurior from Brazil was permitted by Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis, IBAMA (permit no. 20324-1). We thank the German Science Foundation ( DFG ) for funding ( Schr1135/2-1 ), T. Suckert for help with sperm length measurements and A.K. Huylmans for advice concerning graphs. One referee made helpful comments on the manuscript.\r\n","year":"2018","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:25Z","date_updated":"2023-09-12T07:43:26Z","volume":107,"author":[{"full_name":"Metzler, Sina","first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Metzler","id":"48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-9547-2494"},{"last_name":"Schrempf","first_name":"Alexandra","full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","first_name":"Jürgen"}],"month":"05","isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000434751100034"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Sperm cells are the most morphologically diverse cells across animal taxa. Within species, sperm and ejaculate traits have been suggested to vary with the male's competitive environment, e.g., level of sperm competition, female mating status and quality, and also with male age, body mass, physiological condition, and resource availability. Most previous studies have based their conclusions on the analysis of only one or a few ejaculates per male without investigating differences among the ejaculates of the same individual. This masks potential ejaculate-specific traits. Here, we provide data on the length, quantity, and viability of sperm ejaculated by wingless males of the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior. Males of this ant species are relatively long-lived and can mate with large numbers of female sexuals throughout their lives. We analyzed all ejaculates across the individuals' lifespan and manipulated the availability of mating partners. Our study shows that both the number and size of sperm cells transferred during copulations differ among individuals and also among ejaculates of the same male. Sperm quality does not decrease with male age, but the variation in sperm number between ejaculates indicates that males need considerable time to replenish their sperm supplies. Producing many ejaculates in a short time appears to be traded-off against male longevity rather than sperm quality."}],"status":"public","title":"Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males","intvolume":" 107","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"426","oa_version":"None","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","article_processing_charge":"No","page":"284-290","publication":"Journal of Insect Physiology","citation":{"mla":"Metzler, Sina, et al. “Individual- and Ejaculate-Specific Sperm Traits in Ant Males.” Journal of Insect Physiology, vol. 107, Elsevier, 2018, pp. 284–90, doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003.","short":"S. Metzler, A. Schrempf, J. Heinze, Journal of Insect Physiology 107 (2018) 284–290.","chicago":"Metzler, Sina, Alexandra Schrempf, and Jürgen Heinze. “Individual- and Ejaculate-Specific Sperm Traits in Ant Males.” Journal of Insect Physiology. Elsevier, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003.","ama":"Metzler S, Schrempf A, Heinze J. Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males. Journal of Insect Physiology. 2018;107:284-290. doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003","ista":"Metzler S, Schrempf A, Heinze J. 2018. Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males. Journal of Insect Physiology. 107, 284–290.","ieee":"S. Metzler, A. Schrempf, and J. Heinze, “Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males,” Journal of Insect Physiology, vol. 107. Elsevier, pp. 284–290, 2018.","apa":"Metzler, S., Schrempf, A., & Heinze, J. (2018). Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males. Journal of Insect Physiology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003"},"date_published":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z"},{"month":"11","publication_identifier":{"issn":["08926638"]},"external_id":{"pmid":["29939785"],"isi":["000449359700035"]},"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":" https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800443","open_access":"1"}],"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"_id":"25E3D34E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Individual function and social role of oxytocin-like neuropeptides in ants"}],"doi":"10.1096/fj.201800443","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publist_id":"7721","year":"2018","pmid":1,"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"FASEB","author":[{"last_name":"Liutkeviciute","first_name":"Zita","full_name":"Liutkeviciute, Zita"},{"full_name":"Gil Mansilla, Esther","last_name":"Gil Mansilla","first_name":"Esther"},{"full_name":"Eder, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Eder"},{"id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Casillas Perez","first_name":"Barbara E","full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E"},{"full_name":"Giulia Di Giglio, Maria","last_name":"Giulia Di Giglio","first_name":"Maria"},{"first_name":"Edin","last_name":"Muratspahić","full_name":"Muratspahić, Edin"},{"full_name":"Grebien, Florian","first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Grebien"},{"full_name":"Rattei, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Rattei"},{"full_name":"Muttenthaler, Markus","last_name":"Muttenthaler","first_name":"Markus"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia"},{"last_name":"Gruber","first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Gruber, Christian"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:08Z","date_updated":"2023-09-13T09:37:32Z","volume":32,"scopus_import":"1","day":"29","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"The FASEB Journal","citation":{"chicago":"Liutkeviciute, Zita, Esther Gil Mansilla, Thomas Eder, Barbara E Casillas Perez, Maria Giulia Di Giglio, Edin Muratspahić, Florian Grebien, et al. “Oxytocin-like Signaling in Ants Influences Metabolic Gene Expression and Locomotor Activity.” The FASEB Journal. FASEB, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800443.","mla":"Liutkeviciute, Zita, et al. “Oxytocin-like Signaling in Ants Influences Metabolic Gene Expression and Locomotor Activity.” The FASEB Journal, vol. 32, no. 12, FASEB, 2018, pp. 6808–21, doi:10.1096/fj.201800443.","short":"Z. Liutkeviciute, E. Gil Mansilla, T. Eder, B.E. Casillas Perez, M. Giulia Di Giglio, E. Muratspahić, F. Grebien, T. Rattei, M. Muttenthaler, S. Cremer, C. Gruber, The FASEB Journal 32 (2018) 6808–6821.","ista":"Liutkeviciute Z, Gil Mansilla E, Eder T, Casillas Perez BE, Giulia Di Giglio M, Muratspahić E, Grebien F, Rattei T, Muttenthaler M, Cremer S, Gruber C. 2018. Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity. The FASEB Journal. 32(12), 6808–6821.","ieee":"Z. Liutkeviciute et al., “Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity,” The FASEB Journal, vol. 32, no. 12. FASEB, pp. 6808–6821, 2018.","apa":"Liutkeviciute, Z., Gil Mansilla, E., Eder, T., Casillas Perez, B. E., Giulia Di Giglio, M., Muratspahić, E., … Gruber, C. (2018). Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity. The FASEB Journal. FASEB. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800443","ama":"Liutkeviciute Z, Gil Mansilla E, Eder T, et al. Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity. The FASEB Journal. 2018;32(12):6808-6821. doi:10.1096/fj.201800443"},"article_type":"original","page":"6808-6821","date_published":"2018-11-29T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Ants are emerging model systems to study cellular signaling because distinct castes possess different physiologic phenotypes within the same colony. Here we studied the functionality of inotocin signaling, an insect ortholog of mammalian oxytocin (OT), which was recently discovered in ants. In Lasius ants, we determined that specialization within the colony, seasonal factors, and physiologic conditions down-regulated the expression of the OT-like signaling system. Given this natural variation, we interrogated its function using RNAi knockdowns. Next-generation RNA sequencing of OT-like precursor knock-down ants highlighted its role in the regulation of genes involved in metabolism. Knock-down ants exhibited higher walking activity and increased self-grooming in the brood chamber. We propose that OT-like signaling in ants is important for regulating metabolic processes and locomotion."}],"issue":"12","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"194","status":"public","title":"Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity","intvolume":" 32","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"month":"10","isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000446693400008"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063","publist_id":"7999","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Cell Press","publication_status":"published","year":"2018","volume":28,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:23Z","date_updated":"2023-09-15T12:06:46Z","author":[{"full_name":"Pull, Christopher","first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982"},{"full_name":"Metzler, Sina","orcid":"0000-0002-9547-2494","id":"48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Metzler","first_name":"Sina"},{"full_name":"Naderlinger, Elisabeth","id":"31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Naderlinger"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"08","page":"R1139 - R1140","article_type":"original","citation":{"ama":"Pull C, Metzler S, Naderlinger E, Cremer S. Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants. Current Biology. 2018;28(19):R1139-R1140. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063","ista":"Pull C, Metzler S, Naderlinger E, Cremer S. 2018. Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants. Current Biology. 28(19), R1139–R1140.","ieee":"C. Pull, S. Metzler, E. Naderlinger, and S. Cremer, “Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants,” Current Biology, vol. 28, no. 19. Cell Press, pp. R1139–R1140, 2018.","apa":"Pull, C., Metzler, S., Naderlinger, E., & Cremer, S. (2018). Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants. Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063","mla":"Pull, Christopher, et al. “Protection against the Lethal Side Effects of Social Immunity in Ants.” Current Biology, vol. 28, no. 19, Cell Press, 2018, pp. R1139–40, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063.","short":"C. Pull, S. Metzler, E. Naderlinger, S. Cremer, Current Biology 28 (2018) R1139–R1140.","chicago":"Pull, Christopher, Sina Metzler, Elisabeth Naderlinger, and Sylvia Cremer. “Protection against the Lethal Side Effects of Social Immunity in Ants.” Current Biology. Cell Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063."},"publication":"Current Biology","date_published":"2018-10-08T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","issue":"19","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Many animals use antimicrobials to prevent or cure disease [1,2]. For example, some animals will ingest plants with medicinal properties, both prophylactically to prevent infection and therapeutically to self-medicate when sick. Antimicrobial substances are also used as topical disinfectants, to prevent infection, protect offspring and to sanitise their surroundings [1,2]. Social insects (ants, bees, wasps and termites) build nests in environments with a high abundance and diversity of pathogenic microorganisms — such as soil and rotting wood — and colonies are often densely crowded, creating conditions that favour disease outbreaks. Consequently, social insects have evolved collective disease defences to protect their colonies from epidemics. These traits can be seen as functionally analogous to the immune system of individual organisms [3,4]. This ‘social immunity’ utilises antimicrobials to prevent and eradicate infections, and to keep the brood and nest clean. However, these antimicrobial compounds can be harmful to the insects themselves, and it is unknown how colonies prevent collateral damage when using them. Here, we demonstrate that antimicrobial acids, produced by workers to disinfect the colony, are harmful to the delicate pupal brood stage, but that the pupae are protected from the acids by the presence of a silk cocoon. Garden ants spray their nests with an antimicrobial poison to sanitize contaminated nestmates and brood. Here, Pull et al show that they also prophylactically sanitise their colonies, and that the silk cocoon serves as a barrier to protect developing pupae, thus preventing collateral damage during nest sanitation."}],"intvolume":" 28","title":"Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants","status":"public","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"55","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["20457758"]},"month":"11","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000451611000032"]},"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"doi":"10.1002/ece3.4573","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publist_id":"8026","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:52Z","year":"2018","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Viljakainen, Lumi","first_name":"Lumi","last_name":"Viljakainen"},{"first_name":"Jaana","last_name":"Jurvansuu","full_name":"Jurvansuu, Jaana"},{"full_name":"Holmberg, Ida","first_name":"Ida","last_name":"Holmberg"},{"first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Pamminger","full_name":"Pamminger, Tobias"},{"first_name":"Silvio","last_name":"Erler","full_name":"Erler, Silvio"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"volume":8,"date_updated":"2023-09-19T09:29:12Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:15Z","scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","citation":{"ama":"Viljakainen L, Jurvansuu J, Holmberg I, Pamminger T, Erler S, Cremer S. Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens. Ecology and Evolution. 2018;8(22):11031-11070. doi:10.1002/ece3.4573","ista":"Viljakainen L, Jurvansuu J, Holmberg I, Pamminger T, Erler S, Cremer S. 2018. Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens. Ecology and Evolution. 8(22), 11031–11070.","ieee":"L. Viljakainen, J. Jurvansuu, I. Holmberg, T. Pamminger, S. Erler, and S. Cremer, “Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens,” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 8, no. 22. Wiley, pp. 11031–11070, 2018.","apa":"Viljakainen, L., Jurvansuu, J., Holmberg, I., Pamminger, T., Erler, S., & Cremer, S. (2018). Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens. Ecology and Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4573","mla":"Viljakainen, Lumi, et al. “Social Environment Affects the Transcriptomic Response to Bacteria in Ant Queens.” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 8, no. 22, Wiley, 2018, pp. 11031–70, doi:10.1002/ece3.4573.","short":"L. Viljakainen, J. Jurvansuu, I. Holmberg, T. Pamminger, S. Erler, S. Cremer, Ecology and Evolution 8 (2018) 11031–11070.","chicago":"Viljakainen, Lumi, Jaana Jurvansuu, Ida Holmberg, Tobias Pamminger, Silvio Erler, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Environment Affects the Transcriptomic Response to Bacteria in Ant Queens.” Ecology and Evolution. Wiley, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4573."},"publication":"Ecology and Evolution","page":"11031-11070","date_published":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","issue":"22","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Social insects have evolved enormous capacities to collectively build nests and defend their colonies against both predators and pathogens. The latter is achieved by a combination of individual immune responses and sophisticated collective behavioral and organizational disease defenses, that is, social immunity. We investigated how the presence or absence of these social defense lines affects individual-level immunity in ant queens after bacterial infection. To this end, we injected queens of the ant Linepithema humile with a mix of gram+ and gram− bacteria or a control solution, reared them either with workers or alone and analyzed their gene expression patterns at 2, 4, 8, and 12 hr post-injection, using RNA-seq. This allowed us to test for the effect of bacterial infection, social context, as well as the interaction between the two over the course of infection and raising of an immune response. We found that social isolation per se affected queen gene expression for metabolism genes, but not for immune genes. When infected, queens reared with and without workers up-regulated similar numbers of innate immune genes revealing activation of Toll and Imd signaling pathways and melanization. Interestingly, however, they mostly regulated different genes along the pathways and showed a different pattern of overall gene up-regulation or down-regulation. Hence, we can conclude that the absence of workers does not compromise the onset of an individual immune response by the queens, but that the social environment impacts the route of the individual innate immune responses."}],"_id":"29","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","intvolume":" 8","title":"Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens","status":"public","ddc":["576","591"],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":1272096,"creator":"dernst","file_name":"Viljakainen_et_al-2018-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2018-12-17T08:27:04Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:52Z","checksum":"0d1355c78627ca7210aadd9a17a01915","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5682"}],"oa_version":"Published Version"},{"abstract":[{"text":"Social insect colonies have evolved many collectively performed adaptations that reduce the impact of infectious disease and that are expected to maximize their fitness. This colony-level protection is termed social immunity, and it enhances the health and survival of the colony. In this review, we address how social immunity emerges from its mechanistic components to produce colony-level disease avoidance, resistance, and tolerance. To understand the evolutionary causes and consequences of social immunity, we highlight the need for studies that evaluate the effects of social immunity on colony fitness. We discuss the role that host life history and ecology have on predicted eco-evolutionary dynamics, which differ among the social insect lineages. Throughout the review, we highlight current gaps in our knowledge and promising avenues for future research, which we hope will bring us closer to an integrated understanding of socio-eco-evo-immunology.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","intvolume":" 63","title":"Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection","status":"public","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"806","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"07","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2018-01-07T00:00:00Z","page":"105 - 123","citation":{"ama":"Cremer S, Pull C, Fürst M. Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection. Annual Review of Entomology. 2018;63:105-123. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110","ista":"Cremer S, Pull C, Fürst M. 2018. Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection. Annual Review of Entomology. 63, 105–123.","apa":"Cremer, S., Pull, C., & Fürst, M. (2018). Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection. Annual Review of Entomology. Annual Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110","ieee":"S. Cremer, C. Pull, and M. Fürst, “Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection,” Annual Review of Entomology, vol. 63. Annual Reviews, pp. 105–123, 2018.","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia, et al. “Social Immunity: Emergence and Evolution of Colony-Level Disease Protection.” Annual Review of Entomology, vol. 63, Annual Reviews, 2018, pp. 105–23, doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110.","short":"S. Cremer, C. Pull, M. Fürst, Annual Review of Entomology 63 (2018) 105–123.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia, Christopher Pull, and Matthias Fürst. “Social Immunity: Emergence and Evolution of Colony-Level Disease Protection.” Annual Review of Entomology. Annual Reviews, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110."},"publication":"Annual Review of Entomology","publist_id":"6844","volume":63,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:36Z","date_updated":"2023-09-19T09:29:45Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"819"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"},{"id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull","full_name":"Pull, Christopher"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Fürst","first_name":"Matthias","full_name":"Fürst, Matthias"}],"publisher":"Annual Reviews","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","year":"2018","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1545-4487"]},"month":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110","quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000424633700008"]}},{"ec_funded":1,"publist_id":"8049","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"13055","status":"public","relation":"research_data"}],"link":[{"relation":"press_release","description":"News on IST Homepage","url":"https://ist.ac.at/en/news/for-ants-unity-is-strength-and-health/"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Stroeymeyt","first_name":"Nathalie","full_name":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Crespi, Alessandro","last_name":"Crespi","first_name":"Alessandro"},{"last_name":"Mersch","first_name":"Danielle","full_name":"Mersch, Danielle"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"},{"last_name":"Keller","first_name":"Laurent","full_name":"Keller, Laurent"}],"volume":362,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:07Z","date_updated":"2023-10-17T11:50:05Z","year":"2018","acknowledgement":"This project was funded by two European Research Council Advanced Grants (Social Life, 249375, and resiliANT, 741491) and two Swiss National Science Foundation grants (CR32I3_141063 and 310030_156732) to L.K. and a European Research Council Starting Grant (SocialVaccines, 243071) to S.C.","publisher":"AAAS","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1095-9203"]},"month":"11","doi":"10.1126/science.aat4793","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_E9228C205467.P001/REF.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000451124500041"]},"project":[{"name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","issue":"6417","abstract":[{"text":"Animal social networks are shaped by multiple selection pressures, including the need to ensure efficient communication and functioning while simultaneously limiting disease transmission. Social animals could potentially further reduce epidemic risk by altering their social networks in the presence of pathogens, yet there is currently no evidence for such pathogen-triggered responses. We tested this hypothesis experimentally in the ant Lasius niger using a combination of automated tracking, controlled pathogen exposure, transmission quantification, and temporally explicit simulations. Pathogen exposure induced behavioral changes in both exposed ants and their nestmates, which helped contain the disease by reinforcing key transmission-inhibitory properties of the colony's contact network. This suggests that social network plasticity in response to pathogens is an effective strategy for mitigating the effects of disease in social groups.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"7","intvolume":" 362","status":"public","title":"Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"23","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2018-11-23T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ista":"Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. 2018. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Science. 362(6417), 941–945.","apa":"Stroeymeyt, N., Grasse, A. V., Crespi, A., Mersch, D., Cremer, S., & Keller, L. (2018). Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Science. AAAS. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4793","ieee":"N. Stroeymeyt, A. V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, and L. Keller, “Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect,” Science, vol. 362, no. 6417. AAAS, pp. 941–945, 2018.","ama":"Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Science. 2018;362(6417):941-945. doi:10.1126/science.aat4793","chicago":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, Anna V Grasse, Alessandro Crespi, Danielle Mersch, Sylvia Cremer, and Laurent Keller. “Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect.” Science. AAAS, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4793.","mla":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, et al. “Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect.” Science, vol. 362, no. 6417, AAAS, 2018, pp. 941–45, doi:10.1126/science.aat4793.","short":"N. Stroeymeyt, A.V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, L. Keller, Science 362 (2018) 941–945."},"publication":"Science","page":"941 - 945","article_type":"original"},{"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"chicago":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, Anna V Grasse, Alessandro Crespi, Danielle Mersch, Sylvia Cremer, and Laurent Keller. “Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect.” Zenodo, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1322669.","short":"N. Stroeymeyt, A.V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, L. Keller, (2018).","mla":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, et al. Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect. Zenodo, 2018, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.1322669.","apa":"Stroeymeyt, N., Grasse, A. V., Crespi, A., Mersch, D., Cremer, S., & Keller, L. (2018). Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1322669","ieee":"N. Stroeymeyt, A. V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, and L. Keller, “Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect.” Zenodo, 2018.","ista":"Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. 2018. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.1322669.","ama":"Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. 2018. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.1322669"},"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1480665","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1322669","date_published":"2018-10-23T00:00:00Z","day":"23","month":"10","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"13055","year":"2018","ddc":["570"],"title":"Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Zenodo","author":[{"first_name":"Nathalie","last_name":"Stroeymeyt","full_name":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie"},{"id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Crespi","full_name":"Crespi, Alessandro"},{"first_name":"Danielle","last_name":"Mersch","full_name":"Mersch, Danielle"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"},{"last_name":"Keller","first_name":"Laurent","full_name":"Keller, Laurent"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"7","relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public"}]},"date_updated":"2023-10-17T11:50:04Z","date_created":"2023-05-23T13:24:51Z","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Dataset for manuscript 'Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect'\r\nCompared to previous versions: - raw image files added\r\n - correction of URLs within README.txt file\r\n"}]},{"month":"04","publication_identifier":{"issn":["14712164"]},"doi":"10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000400625200004"]},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","file_date_updated":"2018-12-12T10:16:46Z","publist_id":"6392","author":[{"first_name":"Jenny","last_name":"Greenwood","full_name":"Greenwood, Jenny"},{"full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic"},{"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Peuß","full_name":"Peuß, Robert"},{"full_name":"Behrens, Sarah","last_name":"Behrens","first_name":"Sarah"},{"first_name":"Daniela","last_name":"Essar","full_name":"Essar, Daniela"},{"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Rosenstiel","full_name":"Rosenstiel, Philip"},{"full_name":"Schulenburg, Hinrich","last_name":"Schulenburg","first_name":"Hinrich"},{"last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"9859","relation":"research_data","status":"public"},{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"9860"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:39Z","date_updated":"2023-09-22T09:47:44Z","volume":18,"year":"2017","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"BioMed Central","day":"26","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2017-04-26T00:00:00Z","publication":"BMC Genomics","citation":{"ista":"Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, Behrens S, Essar D, Rosenstiel P, Schulenburg H, Kurtz J. 2017. Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. BMC Genomics. 18(1), 329.","ieee":"J. Greenwood et al., “Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae,” BMC Genomics, vol. 18, no. 1. BioMed Central, p. 329, 2017.","apa":"Greenwood, J., Milutinovic, B., Peuß, R., Behrens, S., Essar, D., Rosenstiel, P., … Kurtz, J. (2017). Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. BMC Genomics. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7","ama":"Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, et al. Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. BMC Genomics. 2017;18(1):329. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7","chicago":"Greenwood, Jenny, Barbara Milutinovic, Robert Peuß, Sarah Behrens, Daniela Essar, Philip Rosenstiel, Hinrich Schulenburg, and Joachim Kurtz. “Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae.” BMC Genomics. BioMed Central, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7.","mla":"Greenwood, Jenny, et al. “Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae.” BMC Genomics, vol. 18, no. 1, BioMed Central, 2017, p. 329, doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7.","short":"J. Greenwood, B. Milutinovic, R. Peuß, S. Behrens, D. Essar, P. Rosenstiel, H. Schulenburg, J. Kurtz, BMC Genomics 18 (2017) 329."},"page":"329","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Background: The phenomenon of immune priming, i.e. enhanced protection following a secondary exposure to a pathogen, has now been demonstrated in a wide range of invertebrate species. Despite accumulating phenotypic evidence, knowledge of its mechanistic underpinnings is currently very limited. Here we used the system of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum and the insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to further our molecular understanding of the oral immune priming phenomenon. We addressed how ingestion of bacterial cues (derived from spore supernatants) of an orally pathogenic and non-pathogenic Bt strain affects gene expression upon later challenge exposure, using a whole-transcriptome sequencing approach. Results: Whereas gene expression of individuals primed with the orally non-pathogenic strain showed minor changes to controls, we found that priming with the pathogenic strain induced regulation of a large set of distinct genes, many of which are known immune candidates. Intriguingly, the immune repertoire activated upon priming and subsequent challenge qualitatively differed from the one mounted upon infection with Bt without previous priming. Moreover, a large subset of priming-specific genes showed an inverse regulation compared to their regulation upon challenge only. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that gene expression upon infection is strongly affected by previous immune priming. We hypothesise that this shift in gene expression indicates activation of a more targeted and efficient response towards a previously encountered pathogen, in anticipation of potential secondary encounter."}],"issue":"1","type":"journal_article","pubrep_id":"814","file":[{"date_updated":"2018-12-12T10:16:46Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:16:46Z","file_id":"5236","relation":"main_file","creator":"system","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":2379672,"file_name":"IST-2017-814-v1+1_s12864-017-3705-7.pdf","access_level":"open_access"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"1006","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","ddc":["570"],"title":"Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae","status":"public","intvolume":" 18"},{"month":"04","day":"26","article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1","date_published":"2017-04-26T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1"}],"oa":1,"citation":{"apa":"Greenwood, J., Milutinovic, B., Peuß, R., Behrens, S., Essar, D., Rosenstiel, P., … Kurtz, J. (2017). Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1","ieee":"J. Greenwood et al., “Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae.” Springer Nature, 2017.","ista":"Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, Behrens S, Essar D, Rosenstiel P, Schulenburg H, Kurtz J. 2017. Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae, Springer Nature, 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1.","ama":"Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, et al. Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. 2017. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1","chicago":"Greenwood, Jenny, Barbara Milutinovic, Robert Peuß, Sarah Behrens, Daniela Essar, Philip Rosenstiel, Hinrich Schulenburg, and Joachim Kurtz. “Additional File 1: Table S1. of Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae.” Springer Nature, 2017. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1.","short":"J. Greenwood, B. Milutinovic, R. Peuß, S. Behrens, D. Essar, P. Rosenstiel, H. Schulenburg, J. Kurtz, (2017).","mla":"Greenwood, Jenny, et al. Additional File 1: Table S1. of Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae. Springer Nature, 2017, doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Lists of all differentially expressed genes in the different priming-challenge treatments (compared to the fully naïve control; xlsx file). Relevant columns include the following: sample_1 and sample_2 – treatment groups being compared; Normalised FPKM sample_1 and sample_2 – FPKM of samples being compared; log2(fold_change) – log2(FPKM sample 2/FPKM sample 1), i.e. negative means sample 1 upregulated compared with sample 2, positive means sample 2 upregulated compared with sample 1; cuffdiff test_statistic – test statistic of differential expression test; p_value – p-value of differential expression test; q_value (FDR correction) – adjusted P-value of differential expression test. (XLSX 598 kb)"}],"type":"research_data_reference","date_created":"2021-08-10T07:59:02Z","date_updated":"2023-09-22T09:47:44Z","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"last_name":"Greenwood","first_name":"Jenny","full_name":"Greenwood, Jenny"},{"full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic","first_name":"Barbara","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Peuß","first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Peuß, Robert"},{"full_name":"Behrens, Sarah","first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Behrens"},{"first_name":"Daniela","last_name":"Essar","full_name":"Essar, Daniela"},{"full_name":"Rosenstiel, Philip","last_name":"Rosenstiel","first_name":"Philip"},{"full_name":"Schulenburg, Hinrich","first_name":"Hinrich","last_name":"Schulenburg"},{"last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"1006","relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public"}]},"title":"Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae","status":"public","publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"_id":"9859","year":"2017","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf"},{"oa":1,"citation":{"ama":"Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, et al. Additional file 5: Table S3. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. 2017. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d5.v1","ieee":"J. Greenwood et al., “Additional file 5: Table S3. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae.” Springer Nature, 2017.","apa":"Greenwood, J., Milutinovic, B., Peuß, R., Behrens, S., Essar, D., Rosenstiel, P., … Kurtz, J. (2017). Additional file 5: Table S3. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d5.v1","ista":"Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, Behrens S, Essar D, Rosenstiel P, Schulenburg H, Kurtz J. 2017. Additional file 5: Table S3. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae, Springer Nature, 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d5.v1.","short":"J. Greenwood, B. Milutinovic, R. Peuß, S. Behrens, D. Essar, P. Rosenstiel, H. Schulenburg, J. Kurtz, (2017).","mla":"Greenwood, Jenny, et al. Additional File 5: Table S3. of Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae. Springer Nature, 2017, doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d5.v1.","chicago":"Greenwood, Jenny, Barbara Milutinovic, Robert Peuß, Sarah Behrens, Daniela Essar, Philip Rosenstiel, Hinrich Schulenburg, and Joachim Kurtz. “Additional File 5: Table S3. of Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae.” Springer Nature, 2017. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d5.v1."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d5.v1","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d5.v1","date_published":"2017-04-26T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"04","day":"26","year":"2017","_id":"9860","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"title":"Additional file 5: Table S3. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae","status":"public","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication","id":"1006"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Greenwood, Jenny","first_name":"Jenny","last_name":"Greenwood"},{"first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara"},{"full_name":"Peuß, Robert","first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Peuß"},{"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Behrens","full_name":"Behrens, Sarah"},{"full_name":"Essar, Daniela","last_name":"Essar","first_name":"Daniela"},{"full_name":"Rosenstiel, Philip","last_name":"Rosenstiel","first_name":"Philip"},{"last_name":"Schulenburg","first_name":"Hinrich","full_name":"Schulenburg, Hinrich"},{"full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim","last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","date_updated":"2023-09-22T09:47:44Z","date_created":"2021-08-10T08:07:12Z","type":"research_data_reference"},{"author":[{"first_name":"Julia","last_name":"Giehr","full_name":"Giehr, Julia"},{"full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","first_name":"Jürgen"},{"last_name":"Schrempf","first_name":"Alexandra","full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"9853","relation":"research_data","status":"public"}]},"date_updated":"2023-09-26T15:45:47Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:10Z","volume":4,"acknowledgement":"We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions on the manuscript.","year":"2017","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Royal Society, The","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:15Z","publist_id":"6527","article_number":"170547","doi":"10.1098/rsos.170547","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000406670000025"]},"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","month":"07","publication_identifier":{"issn":["20545703"]},"pubrep_id":"849","file":[{"checksum":"351ae5e7a37e6e7d9295cd41146c4190","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:15Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:08:24Z","file_id":"4684","relation":"main_file","creator":"system","file_size":530412,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2017-849-v1+1_2017_Grasse_Cremer_AntQueens.pdf"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"914","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","title":"Ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection","status":"public","ddc":["576","592"],"intvolume":" 4","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Infections with potentially lethal pathogens may negatively affect an individual’s lifespan and decrease its reproductive value. The terminal investment hypothesis predicts that individuals faced with a reduced survival should invest more into reproduction instead of maintenance and growth. Several studies suggest that individuals are indeed able to estimate their body condition and to increase their reproductive effort with approaching death, while other studies gave ambiguous results. We investigate whether queens of a perennial social insect (ant) are able to boost their reproduction following infection with an obligate killing pathogen. Social insect queens are special with regard to reproduction and aging, as they outlive conspecific non-reproductive workers. Moreover, in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior, fecundity increases with queen age. However, it remained unclear whether this reflects negative reproductive senescence or terminal investment in response to approaching death. Here, we test whether queens of C. obscurior react to infection with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum by an increased egg-laying rate. We show that a fungal infection triggers a reinforced investment in reproduction in queens. This adjustment of the reproductive rate by ant queens is consistent with predictions of the terminal investment hypothesis and is reported for the first time in a social insect."}],"issue":"7","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2017-07-05T00:00:00Z","publication":"Royal Society Open Science","citation":{"chicago":"Giehr, Julia, Anna V Grasse, Sylvia Cremer, Jürgen Heinze, and Alexandra Schrempf. “Ant Queens Increase Their Reproductive Efforts after Pathogen Infection.” Royal Society Open Science. Royal Society, The, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170547.","short":"J. Giehr, A.V. Grasse, S. Cremer, J. Heinze, A. Schrempf, Royal Society Open Science 4 (2017).","mla":"Giehr, Julia, et al. “Ant Queens Increase Their Reproductive Efforts after Pathogen Infection.” Royal Society Open Science, vol. 4, no. 7, 170547, Royal Society, The, 2017, doi:10.1098/rsos.170547.","apa":"Giehr, J., Grasse, A. V., Cremer, S., Heinze, J., & Schrempf, A. (2017). Ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection. Royal Society Open Science. Royal Society, The. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170547","ieee":"J. Giehr, A. V. Grasse, S. Cremer, J. Heinze, and A. Schrempf, “Ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection,” Royal Society Open Science, vol. 4, no. 7. Royal Society, The, 2017.","ista":"Giehr J, Grasse AV, Cremer S, Heinze J, Schrempf A. 2017. Ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection. Royal Society Open Science. 4(7), 170547.","ama":"Giehr J, Grasse AV, Cremer S, Heinze J, Schrempf A. Ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection. Royal Society Open Science. 2017;4(7). doi:10.1098/rsos.170547"},"day":"05","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1"},{"type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"text":"Egg laying rates and infection loads of C. obscurior queens","lang":"eng"}],"title":"Raw data from ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"The Royal Society","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","_id":"9853","year":"2017","date_updated":"2023-09-26T15:45:47Z","date_created":"2021-08-10T06:57:57Z","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"last_name":"Giehr","first_name":"Julia","full_name":"Giehr, Julia"},{"last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"},{"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen"},{"full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra","last_name":"Schrempf","first_name":"Alexandra"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"914","status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication"}]},"day":"19","month":"06","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"chicago":"Giehr, Julia, Anna V Grasse, Sylvia Cremer, Jürgen Heinze, and Alexandra Schrempf. “Raw Data from Ant Queens Increase Their Reproductive Efforts after Pathogen Infection.” The Royal Society, 2017. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5117788.v1.","mla":"Giehr, Julia, et al. Raw Data from Ant Queens Increase Their Reproductive Efforts after Pathogen Infection. The Royal Society, 2017, doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.5117788.v1.","short":"J. Giehr, A.V. Grasse, S. Cremer, J. Heinze, A. Schrempf, (2017).","ista":"Giehr J, Grasse AV, Cremer S, Heinze J, Schrempf A. 2017. Raw data from ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection, The Royal Society, 10.6084/m9.figshare.5117788.v1.","ieee":"J. Giehr, A. V. Grasse, S. Cremer, J. Heinze, and A. Schrempf, “Raw data from ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection.” The Royal Society, 2017.","apa":"Giehr, J., Grasse, A. V., Cremer, S., Heinze, J., & Schrempf, A. (2017). Raw data from ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection. The Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5117788.v1","ama":"Giehr J, Grasse AV, Cremer S, Heinze J, Schrempf A. Raw data from ant queens increase their reproductive efforts after pathogen infection. 2017. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.5117788.v1"},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5117788.v1","open_access":"1"}],"oa":1,"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.5117788.v1","date_published":"2017-06-19T00:00:00Z"},{"year":"2017","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Cell Press","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Kennedy","full_name":"Kennedy, Patrick"},{"full_name":"Baron, Gemma","first_name":"Gemma","last_name":"Baron"},{"first_name":"Bitao","last_name":"Qiu","full_name":"Qiu, Bitao"},{"full_name":"Freitak, Dalial","last_name":"Freitak","first_name":"Dalial"},{"full_name":"Helantera, Heikki","last_name":"Helantera","first_name":"Heikki"},{"full_name":"Hunt, Edmund","last_name":"Hunt","first_name":"Edmund"},{"last_name":"Manfredini","first_name":"Fabio","full_name":"Manfredini, Fabio"},{"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"O'Shea Wheller","full_name":"O'Shea Wheller, Thomas"},{"first_name":"Solenn","last_name":"Patalano","full_name":"Patalano, Solenn"},{"full_name":"Pull, Christopher","last_name":"Pull","first_name":"Christopher","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Sasaki, Takao","first_name":"Takao","last_name":"Sasaki"},{"first_name":"Daisy","last_name":"Taylor","full_name":"Taylor, Daisy"},{"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Wyatt","full_name":"Wyatt, Christopher"},{"last_name":"Sumner","first_name":"Seirian","full_name":"Sumner, Seirian"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"819"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:13Z","date_updated":"2023-09-27T14:15:15Z","volume":32,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:56Z","publist_id":"6933","oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000413231900011"]},"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2017.08.004","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"11","publication_identifier":{"issn":["01695347"]},"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"734","status":"public","ddc":["570"],"title":"Deconstructing superorganisms and societies to address big questions in biology","intvolume":" 32","file":[{"relation":"main_file","file_id":"7842","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:56Z","date_created":"2020-05-14T16:22:27Z","checksum":"c8f49309ed9436201814fa7153d66a99","file_name":"2017_TrendsEcology_Kennedy.pdf","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":15018382,"creator":"dernst"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Social insect societies are long-standing models for understanding social behaviour and evolution. Unlike other advanced biological societies (such as the multicellular body), the component parts of social insect societies can be easily deconstructed and manipulated. Recent methodological and theoretical innovations have exploited this trait to address an expanded range of biological questions. We illustrate the broadening range of biological insight coming from social insect biology with four examples. These new frontiers promote open-minded, interdisciplinary exploration of one of the richest and most complex of biological phenomena: sociality."}],"issue":"11","publication":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","citation":{"chicago":"Kennedy, Patrick, Gemma Baron, Bitao Qiu, Dalial Freitak, Heikki Helantera, Edmund Hunt, Fabio Manfredini, et al. “Deconstructing Superorganisms and Societies to Address Big Questions in Biology.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution. Cell Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2017.08.004.","mla":"Kennedy, Patrick, et al. “Deconstructing Superorganisms and Societies to Address Big Questions in Biology.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution, vol. 32, no. 11, Cell Press, 2017, pp. 861–72, doi:10.1016/j.tree.2017.08.004.","short":"P. Kennedy, G. Baron, B. Qiu, D. Freitak, H. Helantera, E. Hunt, F. Manfredini, T. O’Shea Wheller, S. Patalano, C. Pull, T. Sasaki, D. Taylor, C. Wyatt, S. Sumner, Trends in Ecology and Evolution 32 (2017) 861–872.","ista":"Kennedy P, Baron G, Qiu B, Freitak D, Helantera H, Hunt E, Manfredini F, O’Shea Wheller T, Patalano S, Pull C, Sasaki T, Taylor D, Wyatt C, Sumner S. 2017. Deconstructing superorganisms and societies to address big questions in biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 32(11), 861–872.","apa":"Kennedy, P., Baron, G., Qiu, B., Freitak, D., Helantera, H., Hunt, E., … Sumner, S. (2017). Deconstructing superorganisms and societies to address big questions in biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2017.08.004","ieee":"P. Kennedy et al., “Deconstructing superorganisms and societies to address big questions in biology,” Trends in Ecology and Evolution, vol. 32, no. 11. Cell Press, pp. 861–872, 2017.","ama":"Kennedy P, Baron G, Qiu B, et al. Deconstructing superorganisms and societies to address big questions in biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 2017;32(11):861-872. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2017.08.004"},"article_type":"original","page":"861 - 872","date_published":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Contagious diseases must transmit from infectious to susceptible hosts in order to reproduce. Whilst vectored pathogens can rely on intermediaries to find new hosts for them, many infectious pathogens require close contact or direct interaction between hosts for transmission. Hence, this means that conspecifics are often the main source of infection for most animals and so, in theory, animals should avoid conspecifics to reduce their risk of infection. Of course, in reality animals must interact with one another, as a bare minimum, to mate. However, being social provides many additional benefits and group living has become a taxonomically diverse and widespread trait. How then do social animals overcome the issue of increased disease? Over the last few decades, the social insects (ants, termites and some bees and wasps) have become a model system for studying disease in social animals. On paper, a social insect colony should be particularly susceptible to disease, given that they often contain thousands of potential hosts that are closely related and frequently interact, as well as exhibiting stable environmental conditions that encourage microbial growth. Yet, disease outbreaks appear to be rare and attempts to eradicate pest species using pathogens have failed time and again. Evolutionary biologists investigating this observation have discovered that the reduced disease susceptibility in social insects is, in part, due to collectively performed disease defences of the workers. These defences act like a “social immune system” for the colony, resulting in a per capita decrease in disease, termed social immunity. Our understanding of social immunity, and its importance in relation to the immunological defences of each insect, continues to grow, but there remain many open questions. In this thesis I have studied disease defence in garden ants. In the first data chapter, I use the invasive garden ant, Lasius neglectus, to investigate how colonies mitigate lethal infections and prevent them from spreading systemically. I find that ants have evolved ‘destructive disinfection’ – a behaviour that uses endogenously produced acidic poison to kill diseased brood and to prevent the pathogen from replicating. In the second experimental chapter, I continue to study the use of poison in invasive garden ant colonies, finding that it is sprayed prophylactically within the nest. However, this spraying has negative effects on developing pupae when they have had their cocoons artificially removed. Hence, I suggest that acidic nest sanitation may be maintaining larval cocoon spinning in this species. In the next experimental chapter, I investigated how colony founding black garden ant queens (Lasius niger) prevent disease when a co-foundress dies. I show that ant queens prophylactically perform undertaking behaviours, similar to those performed by the workers in mature nests. When a co-foundress was infected, these undertaking behaviours improved the survival of the healthy queen. In the final data chapter, I explored how immunocompetence (measured as antifungal activity) changes as incipient black garden ant colonies grow and mature, from the solitary queen phase to colonies with several hundred workers. Queen and worker antifungal activity varied throughout this time period, but despite social immunity, did not decrease as colonies matured. In addition to the above data chapters, this thesis includes two co-authored reviews. In the first, we examine the state of the art in the field of social immunity and how it might develop in the future. In the second, we identify several challenges and open questions in the study of disease defence in animals. We highlight how social insects offer a unique model to tackle some of these problems, as disease defence can be studied from the cell to the society. "}],"type":"dissertation","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"pubrep_id":"861","file":[{"file_id":"6199","relation":"source_file","checksum":"4993cdd5382295758ecc3ecbd2a9aaff","date_created":"2019-04-05T07:53:04Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:09Z","access_level":"closed","file_name":"2017_Thesis_Pull.docx","creator":"dernst","file_size":18580400,"content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},{"file_id":"6200","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:09Z","date_created":"2019-04-05T07:53:04Z","checksum":"ee2e3ebb5b53c154c866f5b052b25153","file_name":"2017_Thesis_Pull.pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":14400681}],"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"819","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","ddc":["576","577","578","579","590","592"],"status":"public","title":"Disease defence in garden ants","day":"26","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2017-09-26T00:00:00Z","citation":{"mla":"Pull, Christopher. Disease Defence in Garden Ants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_861.","short":"C. Pull, Disease Defence in Garden Ants, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017.","chicago":"Pull, Christopher. “Disease Defence in Garden Ants.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_861.","ama":"Pull C. Disease defence in garden ants. 2017. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_861","ista":"Pull C. 2017. Disease defence in garden ants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Pull, C. (2017). Disease defence in garden ants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_861","ieee":"C. Pull, “Disease defence in garden ants,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017."},"page":"122","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:09Z","publist_id":"6830","author":[{"full_name":"Pull, Christopher","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Pull","first_name":"Christopher"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"616"},{"id":"806","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"id":"734","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"732"}]},"date_updated":"2023-09-28T11:31:32Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:40Z","year":"2017","acknowledgement":"ERC FP7 programme (grant agreement no. 240371)\r\nI have been supremely spoilt to work in a lab with such good resources and I must thank the wonderful Cremer group technicians, Anna, Barbara, Eva and Florian, for all of their help and keeping the lab up and running. You guys will probably be the most missed once I realise just how much work you have been saving me! For the same reason, I must say a big Dzi ę kuj ę Ci to Wonder Woman Wanda, for her tireless efforts feeding my colonies and cranking out thousands of petri dishes and sugar tubes. Again, you will be sorely missed now that I will have to take this task on myself. Of course, I will be eternally indebted to Prof. Sylvia Cremer for taking me under her wing and being a constant source of guidance and inspiration. You have given me the perfect balance of independence and supervision. I cannot thank you enough for creating such a great working environment and allowing me the freedom to follow my own research questions. I have had so many exceptional opportunities – attending and presenting at conferences all over the world, inviting me to write the ARE with you, going to workshops in Panama and Switzerland, and even organising our own PhD course – that I often think I must have had the best PhD in the world. You have taught me so much and made me a scientist. I sincerely hope we get the chance to work together again in the future. Thank you for everything. I must also thank my PhD Committee, Daria Siekhaus and Jacobus “Koos” Boomsma, for being very supportive throughout the duration of my PhD. ","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","month":"09","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_861","degree_awarded":"PhD","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M","first_name":"Sylvia M","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"}},{"author":[{"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","full_name":"Pull, Christopher"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"819"}]},"date_updated":"2023-09-28T11:31:32Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:12Z","volume":17,"year":"2017","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"BioMed Central","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:55Z","publist_id":"6937","ec_funded":1,"article_number":"219","doi":"10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"external_id":{"isi":["000412816800001"]},"oa":1,"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"month":"10","publication_identifier":{"issn":["14712148"]},"pubrep_id":"882","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2017-882-v1+1_12862_2017_Article_1062.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":949857,"creator":"system","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5271","checksum":"3e24a2cfd48f49f7b3643d08d30fb480","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:55Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:17:18Z"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","_id":"732","ddc":["576","592"],"title":"Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing prophylactic undertaking behaviour","status":"public","intvolume":" 17","abstract":[{"text":"Background: Social insects form densely crowded societies in environments with high pathogen loads, but have evolved collective defences that mitigate the impact of disease. However, colony-founding queens lack this protection and suffer high rates of mortality. The impact of pathogens may be exacerbated in species where queens found colonies together, as healthy individuals may contract pathogens from infectious co-founders. Therefore, we tested whether ant queens avoid founding colonies with pathogen-exposed conspecifics and how they might limit disease transmission from infectious individuals. Results: Using Lasius Niger queens and a naturally infecting fungal pathogen Metarhizium brunneum, we observed that queens were equally likely to found colonies with another pathogen-exposed or sham-treated queen. However, when one queen died, the surviving individual performed biting, burial and removal of the corpse. These undertaking behaviours were performed prophylactically, i.e. targeted equally towards non-infected and infected corpses, as well as carried out before infected corpses became infectious. Biting and burial reduced the risk of the queens contracting and dying from disease from an infectious corpse of a dead co-foundress. Conclusions: We show that co-founding ant queens express undertaking behaviours that, in mature colonies, are performed exclusively by workers. Such infection avoidance behaviours act before the queens can contract the disease and will therefore improve the overall chance of colony founding success in ant queens.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"1","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2017-10-13T00:00:00Z","publication":"BMC Evolutionary Biology","citation":{"ama":"Pull C, Cremer S. Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing prophylactic undertaking behaviour. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2017;17(1). doi:10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4","apa":"Pull, C., & Cremer, S. (2017). Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing prophylactic undertaking behaviour. BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4","ieee":"C. Pull and S. Cremer, “Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing prophylactic undertaking behaviour,” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 17, no. 1. BioMed Central, 2017.","ista":"Pull C, Cremer S. 2017. Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing prophylactic undertaking behaviour. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17(1), 219.","short":"C. Pull, S. Cremer, BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 (2017).","mla":"Pull, Christopher, and Sylvia Cremer. “Co-Founding Ant Queens Prevent Disease by Performing Prophylactic Undertaking Behaviour.” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 17, no. 1, 219, BioMed Central, 2017, doi:10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4.","chicago":"Pull, Christopher, and Sylvia Cremer. “Co-Founding Ant Queens Prevent Disease by Performing Prophylactic Undertaking Behaviour.” BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4."},"article_type":"original","day":"13","article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"04","page":"105 - 116","citation":{"chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Invasive Ameisen in Europa: Wie Sie Sich Ausbreiten Und Die Heimische Fauna Verändern.” Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2017.","short":"S. Cremer, Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie 46 (2017) 105–116.","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Invasive Ameisen in Europa: Wie Sie Sich Ausbreiten Und Die Heimische Fauna Verändern.” Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie, vol. 46, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2017, pp. 105–16.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2017). Invasive Ameisen in Europa: Wie sie sich ausbreiten und die heimische Fauna verändern. Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil.","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Invasive Ameisen in Europa: Wie sie sich ausbreiten und die heimische Fauna verändern,” Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie, vol. 46. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, pp. 105–116, 2017.","ista":"Cremer S. 2017. Invasive Ameisen in Europa: Wie sie sich ausbreiten und die heimische Fauna verändern. Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie. 46, 105–116.","ama":"Cremer S. Invasive Ameisen in Europa: Wie sie sich ausbreiten und die heimische Fauna verändern. Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie. 2017;46:105-116."},"publication":"Rundgespräche Forum Ökologie","date_published":"2017-04-04T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The social insects bees, wasps, ants, and termites are species-rich, occur in many habitats, and often constitute a large part of the biomass. Many are also invasive, including species of termites, the red imported fire ant, and the Argentine ant. While invasive social insects have been a problem in Southern Europe for some time, Central Europa was free of invasive ant species until recently because most ants are adapted to warmer climates. Only in the 1990s, did Lasius neglectus, a close relative of the common black garden ant, arrive in Germany. First described in 1990 based on individuals collected in Budapest, the species has since been detected for example in France, Germany, Spain, England, and Kyrgyzstan. The species is spread with soil during construction work or plantings, and L. neglectus therefore is often found in parks and botanical gardens. Another invasive ant now spreading in southern Germany is Formica fuscocinerea, which occurs along rivers, including in the sandy floodplains of the river Isar. As is typical of pioneer species, F. fuscocinerea quickly becomes extremely abundant and therefore causes problems for example on playgrounds in Munich. All invasive ant species are characterized by cooperation across nests, leading to strongly interconnected, very large super-colonies. The resulting dominance results in the extinction of native ant species as well as other arthropod species and thus in the reduction of biodiversity."}],"intvolume":" 46","title":"Invasive Ameisen in Europa: Wie sie sich ausbreiten und die heimische Fauna verändern","ddc":["592"],"status":"public","_id":"459","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2018-962-v1+1_044676698_07_Cremer__Invasive_Ameisen_in_Europa_...__BY-ND_.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":1711131,"creator":"system","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5175","checksum":"4919baf9050415ca151fe22497379f78","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:15:52Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:32Z"}],"pubrep_id":"962","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2366-2875"]},"month":"04","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"tmp":{"short":"CC BY-ND (4.0)","image":"/image/cc_by_nd.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publist_id":"7362","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:32Z","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil","publication_status":"published","year":"2017","volume":46,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:35Z","date_updated":"2023-10-17T12:28:13Z","author":[{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}]},{"publist_id":"7255","article_number":"0632","author":[{"last_name":"Futo","first_name":"Momir","full_name":"Futo, Momir"},{"full_name":"Sell, Marie","first_name":"Marie","last_name":"Sell"},{"id":"29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8696-6978","first_name":"Megan","last_name":"Kutzer","full_name":"Kutzer, Megan"},{"full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim","last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:47:10Z","date_updated":"2023-10-18T06:42:25Z","volume":13,"year":"2017","pmid":1,"publication_status":"published","publisher":"The Royal Society","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"month":"12","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1744-9561"]},"doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2017.0632","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["29237813"]},"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Immune specificity is the degree to which a host’s immune system discriminates among various pathogens or antigenic variants. Vertebrate immune memory is highly specific due to antibody responses. On the other hand, some invertebrates show immune priming, i.e. improved survival after secondary exposure to a previously encountered pathogen. Until now, specificity of priming has only been demonstrated via the septic infection route or when live pathogens were used for priming. Therefore, we tested for specificity in the oral priming route in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. For priming, we used pathogen-free supernatants derived from three different strains of the entomopathogen, Bacillus thuringiensis, which express different Cry toxin variants known for their toxicity against this beetle. Subsequent exposure to the infective spores showed that oral priming was specific for two naturally occurring strains, while a third engineered strain did not induce any priming effect. Our data demonstrate that oral immune priming with a non-infectious bacterial agent can be specific, but the priming effect is not universal across all bacterial strains."}],"issue":"12","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","_id":"558","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Specificity of oral immune priming in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum","status":"public","intvolume":" 13","day":"01","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"Biology Letters","citation":{"chicago":"Futo, Momir, Marie Sell, Megan Kutzer, and Joachim Kurtz. “Specificity of Oral Immune Priming in the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium Castaneum.” Biology Letters. The Royal Society, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0632.","short":"M. Futo, M. Sell, M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, Biology Letters 13 (2017).","mla":"Futo, Momir, et al. “Specificity of Oral Immune Priming in the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium Castaneum.” Biology Letters, vol. 13, no. 12, 0632, The Royal Society, 2017, doi:10.1098/rsbl.2017.0632.","apa":"Futo, M., Sell, M., Kutzer, M., & Kurtz, J. (2017). Specificity of oral immune priming in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Biology Letters. The Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0632","ieee":"M. Futo, M. Sell, M. Kutzer, and J. Kurtz, “Specificity of oral immune priming in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum,” Biology Letters, vol. 13, no. 12. The Royal Society, 2017.","ista":"Futo M, Sell M, Kutzer M, Kurtz J. 2017. Specificity of oral immune priming in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Biology Letters. 13(12), 0632.","ama":"Futo M, Sell M, Kutzer M, Kurtz J. Specificity of oral immune priming in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Biology Letters. 2017;13(12). doi:10.1098/rsbl.2017.0632"},"article_type":"original"},{"type":"journal_article","issue":"24","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Across multicellular organisms, the costs of reproduction and self-maintenance result in a life history trade-off between fecundity and longevity. Queens of perennial social Hymenoptera are both highly fertile and long-lived, and thus, this fundamental trade-off is lacking. Whether social insect males similarly evade the fecundity/longevity trade-off remains largely unstudied. Wingless males of the ant genus Cardiocondyla stay in their natal colonies throughout their relatively long lives and mate with multiple female sexuals. Here, we show that Cardiocondyla obscurior males that were allowed to mate with large numbers of female sexuals had a shortened life span compared to males that mated at a low frequency or virgin males. Although frequent mating negatively affects longevity, males clearly benefit from a “live fast, die young strategy” by inseminating as many female sexuals as possible at a cost to their own survival."}],"intvolume":" 6","title":"Mating and longevity in ant males","status":"public","ddc":["576","592"],"user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1184","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2017-736-v1+1_Metzler_et_al-2016-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":328414,"creator":"system","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5062","checksum":"789026eb9e1be2a0da08376f29f569cf","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:37Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:12Z"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","pubrep_id":"736","scopus_import":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","day":"01","page":"8903 - 8906","citation":{"mla":"Metzler, Sina, et al. “Mating and Longevity in Ant Males.” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 6, no. 24, Wiley-Blackwell, 2016, pp. 8903–06, doi:10.1002/ece3.2474.","short":"S. Metzler, J. Heinze, A. Schrempf, Ecology and Evolution 6 (2016) 8903–8906.","chicago":"Metzler, Sina, Jürgen Heinze, and Alexandra Schrempf. “Mating and Longevity in Ant Males.” Ecology and Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2474.","ama":"Metzler S, Heinze J, Schrempf A. Mating and longevity in ant males. Ecology and Evolution. 2016;6(24):8903-8906. doi:10.1002/ece3.2474","ista":"Metzler S, Heinze J, Schrempf A. 2016. Mating and longevity in ant males. Ecology and Evolution. 6(24), 8903–8906.","apa":"Metzler, S., Heinze, J., & Schrempf, A. (2016). Mating and longevity in ant males. Ecology and Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2474","ieee":"S. Metzler, J. Heinze, and A. Schrempf, “Mating and longevity in ant males,” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 6, no. 24. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 8903–8906, 2016."},"publication":"Ecology and Evolution","date_published":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","publist_id":"6169","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:37Z","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"German Science Foundation. Grant Number: SCHR 1135/2-1. We thank M. Adam for handling part of the setups and J. Zoellner for behavioral observations.","year":"2016","volume":6,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:50:36Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:48:55Z","author":[{"full_name":"Metzler, Sina","id":"48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Metzler"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze"},{"full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra","last_name":"Schrempf","first_name":"Alexandra"}],"month":"12","quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1002/ece3.2474"},{"scopus_import":1,"day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","page":"254 - 261","publication":"Zoology ","citation":{"chicago":"Milutinovic, Barbara, Robert Peuß, Kevin Ferro, and Joachim Kurtz. “Immune Priming in Arthropods: An Update Focusing on the Red Flour Beetle.” Zoology . Elsevier, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2016.03.006.","short":"B. Milutinovic, R. Peuß, K. Ferro, J. Kurtz, Zoology 119 (2016) 254–261.","mla":"Milutinovic, Barbara, et al. “Immune Priming in Arthropods: An Update Focusing on the Red Flour Beetle.” Zoology , vol. 119, no. 4, Elsevier, 2016, pp. 254–61, doi:10.1016/j.zool.2016.03.006.","apa":"Milutinovic, B., Peuß, R., Ferro, K., & Kurtz, J. (2016). Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle. Zoology . Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2016.03.006","ieee":"B. Milutinovic, R. Peuß, K. Ferro, and J. Kurtz, “Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle,” Zoology , vol. 119, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 254–261, 2016.","ista":"Milutinovic B, Peuß R, Ferro K, Kurtz J. 2016. Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle. Zoology . 119(4), 254–261.","ama":"Milutinovic B, Peuß R, Ferro K, Kurtz J. Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle. Zoology . 2016;119(4):254-261. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2016.03.006"},"date_published":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","issue":"4","status":"public","title":"Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle","ddc":["570"],"intvolume":" 119","_id":"1202","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_name":"2016_Elsevier_Milutinovic.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1473211,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"kschuh","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5885","date_created":"2019-01-25T13:00:20Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:39Z","checksum":"8396d5bd95f9c4295857162f902afabf"}],"month":"08","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.zool.2016.03.006","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:39Z","publist_id":"6147","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Elsevier","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2016","acknowledgement":"The authors thank Sophie A.O. Armitage and Jan N. Offenborn for helpful comments on the figures, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. The project was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, KU 1929/4-2) within the priority programme SPP 1399 “Host–Parasite Coevolution”.","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:49:03Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:50:41Z","volume":119,"author":[{"first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara"},{"full_name":"Peuß, Robert","last_name":"Peuß","first_name":"Robert"},{"first_name":"Kevin","last_name":"Ferro","full_name":"Ferro, Kevin"},{"last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim"}]},{"doi":"10.1098/rsos.160138","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"quality_controlled":"1","month":"04","author":[{"full_name":"Peuß, Robert","first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Peuß"},{"full_name":"Wensing, Kristina","first_name":"Kristina","last_name":"Wensing"},{"first_name":"Luisa","last_name":"Woestmann","full_name":"Woestmann, Luisa"},{"first_name":"Hendrik","last_name":"Eggert","full_name":"Eggert, Hendrik"},{"last_name":"Milutinovic","first_name":"Barbara","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara"},{"last_name":"Sroka","first_name":"Marlene","full_name":"Sroka, Marlene"},{"first_name":"Jörn","last_name":"Scharsack","full_name":"Scharsack, Jörn"},{"full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim","last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim"},{"last_name":"Armitage","first_name":"Sophie","full_name":"Armitage, Sophie"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:50:58Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:49:25Z","volume":3,"acknowledgement":"We thank Dietmar Schmucker for reading a draft of this manuscript and thank him and his group for\r\nhelpful discussions. We thank Barbara Hasert, Kevin Ferro and Manuel F. Talarico for technical support and helpful\r\ndiscussions. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments. This study was supported by grants from the Volkswagen Stiftung (1/83 516 and AZ 86020: both to S.A.O.A.) and from the DFG priority programme 1399 ‘Host parasite coevolution’ (KU 1929/4-2 to R.P. and J.K.).","year":"2016","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Royal Society, The","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:41Z","publist_id":"6070","article_number":"160138","date_published":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"Royal Society Open Science","citation":{"ieee":"R. Peuß et al., “Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1: Testing for a role in insect immunity, behaviour and reproduction,” Royal Society Open Science, vol. 3, no. 4. Royal Society, The, 2016.","apa":"Peuß, R., Wensing, K., Woestmann, L., Eggert, H., Milutinovic, B., Sroka, M., … Armitage, S. (2016). Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1: Testing for a role in insect immunity, behaviour and reproduction. Royal Society Open Science. Royal Society, The. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160138","ista":"Peuß R, Wensing K, Woestmann L, Eggert H, Milutinovic B, Sroka M, Scharsack J, Kurtz J, Armitage S. 2016. Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1: Testing for a role in insect immunity, behaviour and reproduction. Royal Society Open Science. 3(4), 160138.","ama":"Peuß R, Wensing K, Woestmann L, et al. Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1: Testing for a role in insect immunity, behaviour and reproduction. Royal Society Open Science. 2016;3(4). doi:10.1098/rsos.160138","chicago":"Peuß, Robert, Kristina Wensing, Luisa Woestmann, Hendrik Eggert, Barbara Milutinovic, Marlene Sroka, Jörn Scharsack, Joachim Kurtz, and Sophie Armitage. “Down Syndrome Cell Adhesion Molecule 1: Testing for a Role in Insect Immunity, Behaviour and Reproduction.” Royal Society Open Science. Royal Society, The, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160138.","short":"R. Peuß, K. Wensing, L. Woestmann, H. Eggert, B. Milutinovic, M. Sroka, J. Scharsack, J. Kurtz, S. Armitage, Royal Society Open Science 3 (2016).","mla":"Peuß, Robert, et al. “Down Syndrome Cell Adhesion Molecule 1: Testing for a Role in Insect Immunity, Behaviour and Reproduction.” Royal Society Open Science, vol. 3, no. 4, 160138, Royal Society, The, 2016, doi:10.1098/rsos.160138."},"day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":1,"pubrep_id":"704","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2016-704-v1+1_160138.full.pdf","creator":"system","file_size":627377,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"5049","relation":"main_file","checksum":"c3cd84666c8dc0ce6a784f1c82c1cf68","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:41Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:01Z"}],"user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1255","status":"public","title":"Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1: Testing for a role in insect immunity, behaviour and reproduction","ddc":["576","592"],"intvolume":" 3","abstract":[{"text":"Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1 (Dscam1) has widereaching and vital neuronal functions although the role it plays in insect and crustacean immunity is less well understood. In this study, we combine different approaches to understand the roles that Dscam1 plays in fitness-related contexts in two model insect species. Contrary to our expectations, we found no short-term modulation of Dscam1 gene expression after haemocoelic or oral bacterial exposure in Tribolium castaneum, or after haemocoelic bacterial exposure in Drosophila melanogaster. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated Dscam1 knockdown and subsequent bacterial exposure did not reduce T. castaneum survival. However, Dscam1 knockdown in larvae resulted in adult locomotion defects, as well as dramatically reduced fecundity in males and females. We suggest that Dscam1 does not always play a straightforward role in immunity, but strongly influences behaviour and fecundity. This study takes a step towards understanding more about the role of this intriguing gene from different phenotypic perspectives.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"4","type":"journal_article"},{"type":"journal_article","issue":"4","publist_id":"6053","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1268","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank Mihai Netea for inviting us to contribute to this Theme Issue.","year":"2016","publication_status":"published","title":"Immune memory in invertebrates","status":"public","intvolume":" 28","publisher":"Academic Press","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic","full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara"},{"last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:03Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:49:30Z","volume":28,"oa_version":"None","scopus_import":1,"month":"08","day":"01","publication":"Seminars in Immunology","citation":{"chicago":"Milutinovic, Barbara, and Joachim Kurtz. “Immune Memory in Invertebrates.” Seminars in Immunology. Academic Press, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2016.05.004.","mla":"Milutinovic, Barbara, and Joachim Kurtz. “Immune Memory in Invertebrates.” Seminars in Immunology, vol. 28, no. 4, Academic Press, 2016, pp. 328–42, doi:10.1016/j.smim.2016.05.004.","short":"B. Milutinovic, J. Kurtz, Seminars in Immunology 28 (2016) 328–342.","ista":"Milutinovic B, Kurtz J. 2016. Immune memory in invertebrates. Seminars in Immunology. 28(4), 328–342.","ieee":"B. Milutinovic and J. Kurtz, “Immune memory in invertebrates,” Seminars in Immunology, vol. 28, no. 4. Academic Press, pp. 328–342, 2016.","apa":"Milutinovic, B., & Kurtz, J. (2016). Immune memory in invertebrates. Seminars in Immunology. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2016.05.004","ama":"Milutinovic B, Kurtz J. Immune memory in invertebrates. Seminars in Immunology. 2016;28(4):328-342. doi:10.1016/j.smim.2016.05.004"},"quality_controlled":"1","page":"328 - 342","date_published":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1016/j.smim.2016.05.004","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"abstract":[{"text":"The rare socially parasitic butterfly Maculinea alcon occurs in two forms, which are characteristic of hygric or xeric habitats and which exploit different host plants and host ants. The status of these two forms has been the subject of considerable controversy. Populations of the two forms are usually spatially distinct, but at Răscruci in Romania both forms occur on the same site (syntopically). We examined the genetic differentiation between the two forms using eight microsatellite markers, and compared with a nearby hygric site, Şardu. Our results showed that while the two forms are strongly differentiated at Răscruci, it is the xeric form there that is most similar to the hygric form at Şardu, and Bayesian clustering algorithms suggest that these two populations have exchanged genes relatively recently. We found strong evidence for population substructuring, caused by high within host ant nest relatedness, indicating very limited dispersal of most ovipositing females, but not association with particular host ant species. Our results are consistent with the results of larger scale phylogeographic studies that suggest that the two forms represent local ecotypes specialising on different host plants, each with a distinct flowering phenology, providing a temporal rather than spatial barrier to gene flow.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"3","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_size":1216360,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"system","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2016-584-v1+1_peerj-1865.pdf","checksum":"c27d898598a1e3d7f629607a309254e1","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:17:19Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:53Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5272"}],"pubrep_id":"584","title":"Host plant use drives genetic differentiation in syntopic populations of Maculinea alcon","status":"public","ddc":["570"],"intvolume":" 2016","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1431","day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":1,"date_published":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"PeerJ","citation":{"chicago":"Tartally, András, Andreas Kelager, Matthias Fürst, and David Nash. “Host Plant Use Drives Genetic Differentiation in Syntopic Populations of Maculinea Alcon.” PeerJ. PeerJ, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1865.","short":"A. Tartally, A. Kelager, M. Fürst, D. Nash, PeerJ 2016 (2016).","mla":"Tartally, András, et al. “Host Plant Use Drives Genetic Differentiation in Syntopic Populations of Maculinea Alcon.” PeerJ, vol. 2016, no. 3, 1865, PeerJ, 2016, doi:10.7717/peerj.1865.","apa":"Tartally, A., Kelager, A., Fürst, M., & Nash, D. (2016). Host plant use drives genetic differentiation in syntopic populations of Maculinea alcon. PeerJ. PeerJ. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1865","ieee":"A. Tartally, A. Kelager, M. Fürst, and D. Nash, “Host plant use drives genetic differentiation in syntopic populations of Maculinea alcon,” PeerJ, vol. 2016, no. 3. PeerJ, 2016.","ista":"Tartally A, Kelager A, Fürst M, Nash D. 2016. Host plant use drives genetic differentiation in syntopic populations of Maculinea alcon. PeerJ. 2016(3), 1865.","ama":"Tartally A, Kelager A, Fürst M, Nash D. Host plant use drives genetic differentiation in syntopic populations of Maculinea alcon. PeerJ. 2016;2016(3). doi:10.7717/peerj.1865"},"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:53Z","publist_id":"5767","article_number":"1865","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:59Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:50:41Z","volume":2016,"author":[{"first_name":"András","last_name":"Tartally","full_name":"Tartally, András"},{"full_name":"Kelager, Andreas","first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Kelager"},{"full_name":"Fürst, Matthias","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Fürst","first_name":"Matthias"},{"first_name":"David","last_name":"Nash","full_name":"Nash, David"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"PeerJ","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2016","month":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.7717/peerj.1865","quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1},{"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Dryad","title":"Data from: A sting in the spit: widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees","status":"public","year":"2016","_id":"9720","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","oa_version":"Published Version","date_updated":"2023-02-23T10:17:25Z","date_created":"2021-07-26T09:14:19Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication","id":"1855"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Mcmahon","first_name":"Dino","full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino"},{"full_name":"Fürst, Matthias","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Fürst"},{"last_name":"Caspar","first_name":"Jesicca","full_name":"Caspar, Jesicca"},{"first_name":"Panagiotis","last_name":"Theodorou","full_name":"Theodorou, Panagiotis"},{"last_name":"Brown","first_name":"Mark","full_name":"Brown, Mark"},{"full_name":"Paxton, Robert","first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Paxton"}],"type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Summary: Declining populations of bee pollinators are a cause of concern, with major repercussions for biodiversity loss and food security. RNA viruses associated with honeybees represent a potential threat to other insect pollinators, but the extent of this threat is poorly understood. This study aims to attain a detailed understanding of the current and ongoing risk of emerging infectious disease (EID) transmission between managed and wild pollinator species across a wide range of RNA viruses. Within a structured large-scale national survey across 26 independent sites, we quantify the prevalence and pathogen loads of multiple RNA viruses in co-occurring managed honeybee (Apis mellifera) and wild bumblebee (Bombus spp.) populations. We then construct models that compare virus prevalence between wild and managed pollinators. Multiple RNA viruses associated with honeybees are widespread in sympatric wild bumblebee populations. Virus prevalence in honeybees is a significant predictor of virus prevalence in bumblebees, but we remain cautious in speculating over the principle direction of pathogen transmission. We demonstrate species-specific differences in prevalence, indicating significant variation in disease susceptibility or tolerance. Pathogen loads within individual bumblebees may be high and in the case of at least one RNA virus, prevalence is higher in wild bumblebees than in managed honeybee populations. Our findings indicate widespread transmission of RNA viruses between managed and wild bee pollinators, pointing to an interconnected network of potential disease pressures within and among pollinator species. In the context of the biodiversity crisis, our study emphasizes the importance of targeting a wide range of pathogens and defining host associations when considering potential drivers of population decline."}],"citation":{"apa":"Mcmahon, D., Fürst, M., Caspar, J., Theodorou, P., Brown, M., & Paxton, R. (2016). Data from: A sting in the spit: widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4b565","ieee":"D. Mcmahon, M. Fürst, J. Caspar, P. Theodorou, M. Brown, and R. Paxton, “Data from: A sting in the spit: widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees.” Dryad, 2016.","ista":"Mcmahon D, Fürst M, Caspar J, Theodorou P, Brown M, Paxton R. 2016. Data from: A sting in the spit: widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.4b565.","ama":"Mcmahon D, Fürst M, Caspar J, Theodorou P, Brown M, Paxton R. Data from: A sting in the spit: widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees. 2016. doi:10.5061/dryad.4b565","chicago":"Mcmahon, Dino, Matthias Fürst, Jesicca Caspar, Panagiotis Theodorou, Mark Brown, and Robert Paxton. “Data from: A Sting in the Spit: Widespread Cross-Infection of Multiple RNA Viruses across Wild and Managed Bees.” Dryad, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4b565.","short":"D. Mcmahon, M. Fürst, J. Caspar, P. Theodorou, M. Brown, R. Paxton, (2016).","mla":"Mcmahon, Dino, et al. Data from: A Sting in the Spit: Widespread Cross-Infection of Multiple RNA Viruses across Wild and Managed Bees. Dryad, 2016, doi:10.5061/dryad.4b565."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4b565","open_access":"1"}],"oa":1,"date_published":"2016-01-22T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/dryad.4b565","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"22","month":"01"},{"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"9704"}]},"author":[{"first_name":"Dino","last_name":"Mcmahon","full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino"},{"full_name":"Natsopoulou, Myrsini","first_name":"Myrsini","last_name":"Natsopoulou"},{"full_name":"Doublet, Vincent","last_name":"Doublet","first_name":"Vincent"},{"last_name":"Fürst","first_name":"Matthias","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Fürst, Matthias"},{"full_name":"Weging, Silvio","last_name":"Weging","first_name":"Silvio"},{"last_name":"Brown","first_name":"Mark","full_name":"Brown, Mark"},{"last_name":"Gogol Döring","first_name":"Andreas","full_name":"Gogol Döring, Andreas"},{"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Paxton","full_name":"Paxton, Robert"}],"volume":283,"date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:05:30Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:00Z","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (Germany): Fit Bee project (grant 511-06.01-28-1-71.007-10), the EU: BeeDoc (grant 244956), iDiv (2013 NGS-Fast Track grant W47004118) and the Insect Pollinators Initiative (IPI grant BB/I000100/1 and BB/I000151/1). The IPI is funded jointly by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Natural Environment Research Council, the Scottish Government and the Wellcome Trust, under the Living with Environmental Change Partnership. We thank A. Abrahams, M. Husemann and A. Soro\r\nfor support in obtaining\r\nV. destructor\r\n-free honeybees; and BBKA\r\nPresident D. Aston for access to records of colony overwinter\r\n2011–2012 mortality in the UK. We also thank the anonymous refe-\r\nrees and Stephen Martin for comments that led to substantial\r\nimprovement of the manuscript.","year":"2016","publisher":"Royal Society, The","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","publist_id":"6060","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:42Z","article_number":"20160811","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2016.0811","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"quality_controlled":"1","month":"06","pubrep_id":"701","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"creator":"system","file_size":796872,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2016-701-v1+1_20160811.full.pdf","checksum":"0b0d1be38b497d004064650acb3baced","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:08:46Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:42Z","file_id":"4708","relation":"main_file"}],"user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1262","intvolume":" 283","title":"Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss","ddc":["576","592"],"status":"public","issue":"1833","abstract":[{"text":"Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) have contributed significantly to the current biodiversity crisis, leading to widespread epidemics and population loss. Owing to genetic variation in pathogen virulence, a complete understanding of species decline requires the accurate identification and characterization of EIDs. We explore this issue in the Western honeybee, where increasing mortality of populations in the Northern Hemisphere has caused major concern. Specifically, we investigate the importance of genetic identity of the main suspect in mortality, deformed wing virus (DWV), in driving honeybee loss. Using laboratory experiments and a systematic field survey, we demonstrate that an emerging DWV genotype (DWV-B) is more virulent than the established DWV genotype (DWV-A) and is widespread in the landscape. Furthermore, we show in a simple model that colonies infected with DWV-B collapse sooner than colonies infected with DWV-A. We also identify potential for rapid DWV evolution by revealing extensive genome-wide recombination in vivo. The emergence of DWV-B in naive honeybee populations, including via recombination with DWV-A, could be of significant ecological and economic importance. Our findings emphasize that knowledge of pathogen genetic identity and diversity is critical to understanding drivers of species decline.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2016-06-29T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ama":"Mcmahon D, Natsopoulou M, Doublet V, et al. Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 2016;283(1833). doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.0811","ista":"Mcmahon D, Natsopoulou M, Doublet V, Fürst M, Weging S, Brown M, Gogol Döring A, Paxton R. 2016. Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 283(1833), 20160811.","apa":"Mcmahon, D., Natsopoulou, M., Doublet, V., Fürst, M., Weging, S., Brown, M., … Paxton, R. (2016). Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. Royal Society, The. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.0811","ieee":"D. Mcmahon et al., “Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss,” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 283, no. 1833. Royal Society, The, 2016.","mla":"Mcmahon, Dino, et al. “Elevated Virulence of an Emerging Viral Genotype as a Driver of Honeybee Loss.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 283, no. 1833, 20160811, Royal Society, The, 2016, doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.0811.","short":"D. Mcmahon, M. Natsopoulou, V. Doublet, M. Fürst, S. Weging, M. Brown, A. Gogol Döring, R. Paxton, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 283 (2016).","chicago":"Mcmahon, Dino, Myrsini Natsopoulou, Vincent Doublet, Matthias Fürst, Silvio Weging, Mark Brown, Andreas Gogol Döring, and Robert Paxton. “Elevated Virulence of an Emerging Viral Genotype as a Driver of Honeybee Loss.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. Royal Society, The, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.0811."},"publication":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"29","scopus_import":1},{"publisher":"Dryad","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"title":"Data from: Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss","status":"public","_id":"9704","year":"2016","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2021-07-23T08:30:38Z","date_updated":"2023-02-21T16:54:31Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication","id":"1262"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Mcmahon","first_name":"Dino","full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino"},{"last_name":"Natsopoulou","first_name":"Myrsini","full_name":"Natsopoulou, Myrsini"},{"first_name":"Vincent","last_name":"Doublet","full_name":"Doublet, Vincent"},{"full_name":"Fürst, Matthias","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Fürst"},{"full_name":"Weging, Silvio","first_name":"Silvio","last_name":"Weging"},{"last_name":"Brown","first_name":"Mark","full_name":"Brown, Mark"},{"last_name":"Gogol Döring","first_name":"Andreas","full_name":"Gogol Döring, Andreas"},{"full_name":"Paxton, Robert","last_name":"Paxton","first_name":"Robert"}],"type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"text":"Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) have contributed significantly to the current biodiversity crisis, leading to widespread epidemics and population loss. Owing to genetic variation in pathogen virulence, a complete understanding of species decline requires the accurate identification and characterization of EIDs. We explore this issue in the Western honeybee, where increasing mortality of populations in the Northern Hemisphere has caused major concern. Specifically, we investigate the importance of genetic identity of the main suspect in mortality, deformed wing virus (DWV), in driving honeybee loss. Using laboratory experiments and a systematic field survey, we demonstrate that an emerging DWV genotype (DWV-B) is more virulent than the established DWV genotype (DWV-A) and is widespread in the landscape. Furthermore, we show in a simple model that colonies infected with DWV-B collapse sooner than colonies infected with DWV-A. We also identify potential for rapid DWV evolution by revealing extensive genome-wide recombination in vivo. The emergence of DWV-B in naive honeybee populations, including via recombination with DWV-A, could be of significant ecological and economic importance. Our findings emphasize that knowledge of pathogen genetic identity and diversity is critical to understanding drivers of species decline.","lang":"eng"}],"oa":1,"citation":{"ama":"Mcmahon D, Natsopoulou M, Doublet V, et al. Data from: Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss. 2016. doi:10.5061/dryad.cq7t1","apa":"Mcmahon, D., Natsopoulou, M., Doublet, V., Fürst, M., Weging, S., Brown, M., … Paxton, R. (2016). Data from: Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cq7t1","ieee":"D. Mcmahon et al., “Data from: Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss.” Dryad, 2016.","ista":"Mcmahon D, Natsopoulou M, Doublet V, Fürst M, Weging S, Brown M, Gogol Döring A, Paxton R. 2016. Data from: Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.cq7t1.","short":"D. Mcmahon, M. Natsopoulou, V. Doublet, M. Fürst, S. Weging, M. Brown, A. Gogol Döring, R. Paxton, (2016).","mla":"Mcmahon, Dino, et al. Data from: Elevated Virulence of an Emerging Viral Genotype as a Driver of Honeybee Loss. Dryad, 2016, doi:10.5061/dryad.cq7t1.","chicago":"Mcmahon, Dino, Myrsini Natsopoulou, Vincent Doublet, Matthias Fürst, Silvio Weging, Mark Brown, Andreas Gogol Döring, and Robert Paxton. “Data from: Elevated Virulence of an Emerging Viral Genotype as a Driver of Honeybee Loss.” Dryad, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cq7t1."},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cq7t1"}],"date_published":"2016-05-06T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/dryad.cq7t1","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"05","day":"06"},{"month":"06","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1002169","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"291734","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:02Z","ec_funded":1,"publist_id":"5620","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:52:40Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:51:33Z","volume":13,"author":[{"first_name":"Leila","last_name":"El Masri","id":"349A6E66-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"El Masri, Leila"},{"first_name":"Antoine","last_name":"Branca","full_name":"Branca, Antoine"},{"full_name":"Sheppard, Anna","last_name":"Sheppard","first_name":"Anna"},{"full_name":"Papkou, Andrei","last_name":"Papkou","first_name":"Andrei"},{"full_name":"Laehnemann, David","last_name":"Laehnemann","first_name":"David"},{"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Guenther","full_name":"Guenther, Patrick"},{"last_name":"Prahl","first_name":"Swantje","full_name":"Prahl, Swantje"},{"last_name":"Saebelfeld","first_name":"Manja","full_name":"Saebelfeld, Manja"},{"first_name":"Jacqueline","last_name":"Hollensteiner","full_name":"Hollensteiner, Jacqueline"},{"last_name":"Liesegang","first_name":"Heiko","full_name":"Liesegang, Heiko"},{"full_name":"Brzuszkiewicz, Elzbieta","last_name":"Brzuszkiewicz","first_name":"Elzbieta"},{"last_name":"Daniel","first_name":"Rolf","full_name":"Daniel, Rolf"},{"full_name":"Michiels, Nico","first_name":"Nico","last_name":"Michiels"},{"full_name":"Schulte, Rebecca","first_name":"Rebecca","last_name":"Schulte"},{"last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim"},{"full_name":"Rosenstiel, Philip","first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Rosenstiel"},{"full_name":"Telschow, Arndt","last_name":"Telschow","first_name":"Arndt"},{"last_name":"Bornberg Bauer","first_name":"Erich","full_name":"Bornberg Bauer, Erich"},{"full_name":"Schulenburg, Hinrich","first_name":"Hinrich","last_name":"Schulenburg"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Public Library of Science","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2015","acknowledgement":"We are very grateful for funding from the German Science Foundation (DFG) to HS (SCHU 1415/8, SCHU 1415/9), PR (RO 2994/3), EBB (BO 2544/7), HL (LI 1690/2), AT (TE 976/2), RDS (SCHU 2522/1), JK (KU 1929/4); from the Kiel Excellence Cluster Inflammation at Interfaces to HS and PR; and from the ISTFELLOW program (Co-fund Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission) to LM.","day":"04","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":1,"date_published":"2015-06-04T00:00:00Z","page":"1 - 30","publication":"PLoS Biology","citation":{"mla":"El Masri, Leila, et al. “Host–Pathogen Coevolution: The Selective Advantage of Bacillus Thuringiensis Virulence and Its Cry Toxin Genes.” PLoS Biology, vol. 13, no. 6, Public Library of Science, 2015, pp. 1–30, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002169.","short":"L. El Masri, A. Branca, A. Sheppard, A. Papkou, D. Laehnemann, P. Guenther, S. Prahl, M. Saebelfeld, J. Hollensteiner, H. Liesegang, E. Brzuszkiewicz, R. Daniel, N. Michiels, R. Schulte, J. Kurtz, P. Rosenstiel, A. Telschow, E. Bornberg Bauer, H. Schulenburg, PLoS Biology 13 (2015) 1–30.","chicago":"El Masri, Leila, Antoine Branca, Anna Sheppard, Andrei Papkou, David Laehnemann, Patrick Guenther, Swantje Prahl, et al. “Host–Pathogen Coevolution: The Selective Advantage of Bacillus Thuringiensis Virulence and Its Cry Toxin Genes.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002169.","ama":"El Masri L, Branca A, Sheppard A, et al. Host–pathogen coevolution: The selective advantage of Bacillus thuringiensis virulence and its cry toxin genes. PLoS Biology. 2015;13(6):1-30. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002169","ista":"El Masri L, Branca A, Sheppard A, Papkou A, Laehnemann D, Guenther P, Prahl S, Saebelfeld M, Hollensteiner J, Liesegang H, Brzuszkiewicz E, Daniel R, Michiels N, Schulte R, Kurtz J, Rosenstiel P, Telschow A, Bornberg Bauer E, Schulenburg H. 2015. Host–pathogen coevolution: The selective advantage of Bacillus thuringiensis virulence and its cry toxin genes. PLoS Biology. 13(6), 1–30.","ieee":"L. El Masri et al., “Host–pathogen coevolution: The selective advantage of Bacillus thuringiensis virulence and its cry toxin genes,” PLoS Biology, vol. 13, no. 6. Public Library of Science, pp. 1–30, 2015.","apa":"El Masri, L., Branca, A., Sheppard, A., Papkou, A., Laehnemann, D., Guenther, P., … Schulenburg, H. (2015). Host–pathogen coevolution: The selective advantage of Bacillus thuringiensis virulence and its cry toxin genes. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002169"},"abstract":[{"text":"Reciprocal coevolution between host and pathogen is widely seen as a major driver of evolution and biological innovation. Yet, to date, the underlying genetic mechanisms and associated trait functions that are unique to rapid coevolutionary change are generally unknown. We here combined experimental evolution of the bacterial biocontrol agent Bacillus thuringiensis and its nematode host Caenorhabditis elegans with large-scale phenotyping, whole genome analysis, and functional genetics to demonstrate the selective benefit of pathogen virulence and the underlying toxin genes during the adaptation process. We show that: (i) high virulence was specifically favoured during pathogen–host coevolution rather than pathogen one-sided adaptation to a nonchanging host or to an environment without host; (ii) the pathogen genotype BT-679 with known nematocidal toxin genes and high virulence specifically swept to fixation in all of the independent replicate populations under coevolution but only some under one-sided adaptation; (iii) high virulence in the BT-679-dominated populations correlated with elevated copy numbers of the plasmid containing the nematocidal toxin genes; (iv) loss of virulence in a toxin-plasmid lacking BT-679 isolate was reconstituted by genetic reintroduction or external addition of the toxins.We conclude that sustained coevolution is distinct from unidirectional selection in shaping the pathogen's genome and life history characteristics. To our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize the pathogen genes involved in coevolutionary adaptation in an animal host–pathogen interaction system.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"6","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_id":"5063","relation":"main_file","checksum":"30dee7a2c11ed09f2f5634655c0146f8","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:02Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:13Z","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2016-481-v1+1_journal.pbio.1002169.pdf","creator":"system","file_size":3468956,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"pubrep_id":"481","ddc":["570"],"title":"Host–pathogen coevolution: The selective advantage of Bacillus thuringiensis virulence and its cry toxin genes","status":"public","intvolume":" 13","_id":"1551","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"publist_id":"5623","year":"2015","pmid":1,"publication_status":"published","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Milutinovic, Barbara","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Milutinovic","id":"2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8214-4758"},{"last_name":"Höfling","first_name":"Christina","full_name":"Höfling, Christina"},{"full_name":"Futo, Momir","last_name":"Futo","first_name":"Momir"},{"last_name":"Scharsack","first_name":"Jörn","full_name":"Scharsack, Jörn"},{"last_name":"Kurtz","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Kurtz, Joachim"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:52:39Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:51:31Z","volume":81,"month":"12","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4651099/","open_access":"1"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["26386058"]},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1128/AEM.02051-15","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Reproduction within a host and transmission to the next host are crucial for the virulence and fitness of pathogens. Nevertheless, basic knowledge about such parameters is often missing from the literature, even for well-studied bacteria, such as Bacillus thuringiensis, an endospore-forming insect pathogen, which infects its hosts via the oral route. To characterize bacterial replication success, we made use of an experimental oral infection system for the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum and developed a flow cytometric assay for the quantification of both spore ingestion by the individual beetle larvae and the resulting spore load after bacterial replication and resporulation within cadavers. On average, spore numbers increased 460-fold, showing that Bacillus thuringiensis grows and replicates successfully in insect cadavers. By inoculating cadaver-derived spores and spores from bacterial stock cultures into nutrient medium, we next investigated outgrowth characteristics of vegetative cells and found that cadaver- derived bacteria showed reduced growth compared to bacteria from the stock cultures. Interestingly, this reduced growth was a consequence of inhibited spore germination, probably originating from the host and resulting in reduced host mortality in subsequent infections by cadaver-derived spores. Nevertheless, we further showed that Bacillus thuringiensis transmission was possible via larval cannibalism when no other food was offered. These results contribute to our understanding of the ecology of Bacillus thuringiensis as an insect pathogen."}],"issue":"23","_id":"1548","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","title":"Infection of Tribolium castaneum with Bacillus thuringiensis: Quantification of bacterial replication within cadavers, transmission via cannibalism, and inhibition of spore germination","intvolume":" 81","oa_version":"Submitted Version","scopus_import":1,"day":"01","publication":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","citation":{"chicago":"Milutinovic, Barbara, Christina Höfling, Momir Futo, Jörn Scharsack, and Joachim Kurtz. “Infection of Tribolium Castaneum with Bacillus Thuringiensis: Quantification of Bacterial Replication within Cadavers, Transmission via Cannibalism, and Inhibition of Spore Germination.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology. American Society for Microbiology, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02051-15.","mla":"Milutinovic, Barbara, et al. “Infection of Tribolium Castaneum with Bacillus Thuringiensis: Quantification of Bacterial Replication within Cadavers, Transmission via Cannibalism, and Inhibition of Spore Germination.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 81, no. 23, American Society for Microbiology, 2015, pp. 8135–44, doi:10.1128/AEM.02051-15.","short":"B. Milutinovic, C. Höfling, M. Futo, J. Scharsack, J. Kurtz, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81 (2015) 8135–8144.","ista":"Milutinovic B, Höfling C, Futo M, Scharsack J, Kurtz J. 2015. Infection of Tribolium castaneum with Bacillus thuringiensis: Quantification of bacterial replication within cadavers, transmission via cannibalism, and inhibition of spore germination. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 81(23), 8135–8144.","apa":"Milutinovic, B., Höfling, C., Futo, M., Scharsack, J., & Kurtz, J. (2015). Infection of Tribolium castaneum with Bacillus thuringiensis: Quantification of bacterial replication within cadavers, transmission via cannibalism, and inhibition of spore germination. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. American Society for Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02051-15","ieee":"B. Milutinovic, C. Höfling, M. Futo, J. Scharsack, and J. Kurtz, “Infection of Tribolium castaneum with Bacillus thuringiensis: Quantification of bacterial replication within cadavers, transmission via cannibalism, and inhibition of spore germination,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 81, no. 23. American Society for Microbiology, pp. 8135–8144, 2015.","ama":"Milutinovic B, Höfling C, Futo M, Scharsack J, Kurtz J. Infection of Tribolium castaneum with Bacillus thuringiensis: Quantification of bacterial replication within cadavers, transmission via cannibalism, and inhibition of spore germination. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2015;81(23):8135-8144. doi:10.1128/AEM.02051-15"},"page":"8135 - 8144","date_published":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z"},{"scopus_import":1,"day":"01","publication":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences","citation":{"ista":"Kappeler P, Cremer S, Nunn C. 2015. Sociality and health: Impacts of sociality on disease susceptibility and transmission in animal and human societies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 370(1669), 20140116.","ieee":"P. Kappeler, S. Cremer, and C. Nunn, “Sociality and health: Impacts of sociality on disease susceptibility and transmission in animal and human societies,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, vol. 370, no. 1669. Royal Society, 2015.","apa":"Kappeler, P., Cremer, S., & Nunn, C. (2015). Sociality and health: Impacts of sociality on disease susceptibility and transmission in animal and human societies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0116","ama":"Kappeler P, Cremer S, Nunn C. Sociality and health: Impacts of sociality on disease susceptibility and transmission in animal and human societies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences. 2015;370(1669). doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0116","chicago":"Kappeler, Peter, Sylvia Cremer, and Charles Nunn. “Sociality and Health: Impacts of Sociality on Disease Susceptibility and Transmission in Animal and Human Societies.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. Royal Society, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0116.","mla":"Kappeler, Peter, et al. “Sociality and Health: Impacts of Sociality on Disease Susceptibility and Transmission in Animal and Human Societies.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, vol. 370, no. 1669, 20140116, Royal Society, 2015, doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0116.","short":"P. Kappeler, S. Cremer, C. Nunn, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 370 (2015)."},"date_published":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"This paper introduces a theme issue presenting the latest developments in research on the impacts of sociality on health and fitness. The articles that follow cover research on societies ranging from insects to humans. Variation in measures of fitness (i.e. survival and reproduction) has been linked to various aspects of sociality in humans and animals alike, and variability in individual health and condition has been recognized as a key mediator of these relationships. Viewed from a broad evolutionary perspective, the evolutionary transitions from a solitary lifestyle to group living have resulted in several new health-related costs and benefits of sociality. Social transmission of parasites within groups represents a major cost of group living, but some behavioural mechanisms, such as grooming, have evolved repeatedly to reduce this cost. Group living also has created novel costs in terms of altered susceptibility to infectious and non-infectious disease as a result of the unavoidable physiological consequences of social competition and integration, which are partly alleviated by social buffering in some vertebrates. Here, we define the relevant aspects of sociality, summarize their health-related costs and benefits, and discuss possible fitness measures in different study systems. Given the pervasive effects of social factors on health and fitness, we propose a synthesis of existing conceptual approaches in disease ecology, ecological immunology and behavioural neurosciences by adding sociality as a key factor, with the goal to generate a broader framework for organismal integration of health-related research.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"1669","status":"public","title":"Sociality and health: Impacts of sociality on disease susceptibility and transmission in animal and human societies","intvolume":" 370","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1831","oa_version":"Submitted Version","month":"05","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4410382/"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["25870402"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1098/rstb.2014.0116","article_number":"20140116","publist_id":"5272","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Royal Society","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"acknowledgement":"We thank the German Research Foundation (DFG), the Ministry of Science and Culture of Lower-Saxony (MWK Hannover) and the German Primate Centre (DPZ) for their support of the 9. Göttinger Freilandtage in 2013, a conference at which most contributions to this issue were first presented, the referees of the contributions to this issue for their constructive comments, Meggan Craft for comments, and Helen Eaton for her support in producing this theme issue.","year":"2015","pmid":1,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:15Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:53:29Z","volume":370,"author":[{"last_name":"Kappeler","first_name":"Peter","full_name":"Kappeler, Peter"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"},{"full_name":"Nunn, Charles","last_name":"Nunn","first_name":"Charles"}]},{"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:21Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:53:37Z","volume":372,"author":[{"last_name":"Novak","first_name":"Sebastian","id":"461468AE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Novak, Sebastian"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Elsevier","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"},{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2015","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:19Z","publist_id":"5251","ec_funded":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.02.018","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation","grant_number":"250152","_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"oa":1,"month":"05","file":[{"file_id":"5326","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:18:07Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:19Z","checksum":"3c0dcacc900bc45cc65a453dfda4ca43","file_name":"IST-2015-329-v1+1_manuscript.pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"system","file_size":1546914,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","pubrep_id":"329","title":"Fungal disease dynamics in insect societies: Optimal killing rates and the ambivalent effect of high social interaction rates","status":"public","ddc":["576"],"intvolume":" 372","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1850","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Entomopathogenic fungi are potent biocontrol agents that are widely used against insect pests, many of which are social insects. Nevertheless, theoretical investigations of their particular life history are scarce. We develop a model that takes into account the main distinguishing features between traditionally studied diseases and obligate killing pathogens, like the (biocontrol-relevant) insect-pathogenic fungi Metarhizium and Beauveria. First, obligate killing entomopathogenic fungi produce new infectious particles (conidiospores) only after host death and not yet on the living host. Second, the killing rates of entomopathogenic fungi depend strongly on the initial exposure dosage, thus we explicitly consider the pathogen load of individual hosts. Further, we make the model applicable not only to solitary host species, but also to group living species by incorporating social interactions between hosts, like the collective disease defences of insect societies. Our results identify the optimal killing rate for the pathogen that minimises its invasion threshold. Furthermore, we find that the rate of contact between hosts has an ambivalent effect: dense interaction networks between individuals are considered to facilitate disease outbreaks because of increased pathogen transmission. In social insects, this is compensated by their collective disease defences, i.e., social immunity. For the type of pathogens considered here, we show that even without social immunity, high contact rates between live individuals dilute the pathogen in the host colony and hence can reduce individual pathogen loads below disease-causing levels."}],"issue":"5","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2015-05-07T00:00:00Z","page":"54 - 64","publication":"Journal of Theoretical Biology","citation":{"mla":"Novak, Sebastian, and Sylvia Cremer. “Fungal Disease Dynamics in Insect Societies: Optimal Killing Rates and the Ambivalent Effect of High Social Interaction Rates.” Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol. 372, no. 5, Elsevier, 2015, pp. 54–64, doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.02.018.","short":"S. Novak, S. Cremer, Journal of Theoretical Biology 372 (2015) 54–64.","chicago":"Novak, Sebastian, and Sylvia Cremer. “Fungal Disease Dynamics in Insect Societies: Optimal Killing Rates and the Ambivalent Effect of High Social Interaction Rates.” Journal of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.02.018.","ama":"Novak S, Cremer S. Fungal disease dynamics in insect societies: Optimal killing rates and the ambivalent effect of high social interaction rates. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 2015;372(5):54-64. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.02.018","ista":"Novak S, Cremer S. 2015. Fungal disease dynamics in insect societies: Optimal killing rates and the ambivalent effect of high social interaction rates. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 372(5), 54–64.","apa":"Novak, S., & Cremer, S. (2015). Fungal disease dynamics in insect societies: Optimal killing rates and the ambivalent effect of high social interaction rates. Journal of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.02.018","ieee":"S. Novak and S. Cremer, “Fungal disease dynamics in insect societies: Optimal killing rates and the ambivalent effect of high social interaction rates,” Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol. 372, no. 5. Elsevier, pp. 54–64, 2015."},"day":"07","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":1},{"oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:18:29Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:19Z","checksum":"542a0b9b07e78050a81b35f26f0b82da","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5350","file_size":1823045,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2016-460-v1+1_McMahon_et_al-2015-Journal_of_Animal_Ecology.pdf","access_level":"open_access"}],"pubrep_id":"460","intvolume":" 84","ddc":["570"],"title":"A sting in the spit: Widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees","status":"public","_id":"1855","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","issue":"3","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Summary: Declining populations of bee pollinators are a cause of concern, with major repercussions for biodiversity loss and food security. RNA viruses associated with honeybees represent a potential threat to other insect pollinators, but the extent of this threat is poorly understood. This study aims to attain a detailed understanding of the current and ongoing risk of emerging infectious disease (EID) transmission between managed and wild pollinator species across a wide range of RNA viruses. Within a structured large-scale national survey across 26 independent sites, we quantify the prevalence and pathogen loads of multiple RNA viruses in co-occurring managed honeybee (Apis mellifera) and wild bumblebee (Bombus spp.) populations. We then construct models that compare virus prevalence between wild and managed pollinators. Multiple RNA viruses associated with honeybees are widespread in sympatric wild bumblebee populations. Virus prevalence in honeybees is a significant predictor of virus prevalence in bumblebees, but we remain cautious in speculating over the principle direction of pathogen transmission. We demonstrate species-specific differences in prevalence, indicating significant variation in disease susceptibility or tolerance. Pathogen loads within individual bumblebees may be high and in the case of at least one RNA virus, prevalence is higher in wild bumblebees than in managed honeybee populations. Our findings indicate widespread transmission of RNA viruses between managed and wild bee pollinators, pointing to an interconnected network of potential disease pressures within and among pollinator species. In the context of the biodiversity crisis, our study emphasizes the importance of targeting a wide range of pathogens and defining host associations when considering potential drivers of population decline."}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2015-03-03T00:00:00Z","page":"615 - 624","article_type":"original","citation":{"mla":"Mcmahon, Dino, et al. “A Sting in the Spit: Widespread Cross-Infection of Multiple RNA Viruses across Wild and Managed Bees.” Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 84, no. 3, Wiley, 2015, pp. 615–24, doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12345.","short":"D. Mcmahon, M. Fürst, J. Caspar, P. Theodorou, M. Brown, R. Paxton, Journal of Animal Ecology 84 (2015) 615–624.","chicago":"Mcmahon, Dino, Matthias Fürst, Jesicca Caspar, Panagiotis Theodorou, Mark Brown, and Robert Paxton. “A Sting in the Spit: Widespread Cross-Infection of Multiple RNA Viruses across Wild and Managed Bees.” Journal of Animal Ecology. Wiley, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12345.","ama":"Mcmahon D, Fürst M, Caspar J, Theodorou P, Brown M, Paxton R. A sting in the spit: Widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees. Journal of Animal Ecology. 2015;84(3):615-624. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12345","ista":"Mcmahon D, Fürst M, Caspar J, Theodorou P, Brown M, Paxton R. 2015. A sting in the spit: Widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees. Journal of Animal Ecology. 84(3), 615–624.","ieee":"D. Mcmahon, M. Fürst, J. Caspar, P. Theodorou, M. Brown, and R. Paxton, “A sting in the spit: Widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees,” Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 84, no. 3. Wiley, pp. 615–624, 2015.","apa":"Mcmahon, D., Fürst, M., Caspar, J., Theodorou, P., Brown, M., & Paxton, R. (2015). A sting in the spit: Widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees. Journal of Animal Ecology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12345"},"publication":"Journal of Animal Ecology","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"03","scopus_import":"1","volume":84,"date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:06:09Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:23Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9720"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Mcmahon","first_name":"Dino","full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino"},{"last_name":"Fürst","first_name":"Matthias","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Fürst, Matthias"},{"full_name":"Caspar, Jesicca","last_name":"Caspar","first_name":"Jesicca"},{"last_name":"Theodorou","first_name":"Panagiotis","full_name":"Theodorou, Panagiotis"},{"full_name":"Brown, Mark","first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Brown"},{"full_name":"Paxton, Robert","last_name":"Paxton","first_name":"Robert"}],"publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","pmid":1,"year":"2015","acknowledgement":"We thank J.R. de Miranda, L. De Smet and D. de Graaf for supplying qRT-PCR and MLPA positive controls, respectively, in the form of plasmids. This work was supported by the Insect Pollinators Initiative (IPI grants BB/1000100/1 and BB/I000151/1). The IPI is funded jointly by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Natural Environment Research Council, The Scottish Government and The Wellcome Trust, under the Living with Environmental Change Partnership.","publist_id":"5245","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:19Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.12345","quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["25646973"]},"month":"03"},{"citation":{"chicago":"Theis, Fabian, Line V Ugelvig, Carsten Marr, and Sylvia Cremer. “Opposing Effects of Allogrooming on Disease Transmission in Ant Societies.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. Royal Society, The, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0108.","mla":"Theis, Fabian, et al. “Opposing Effects of Allogrooming on Disease Transmission in Ant Societies.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, vol. 370, no. 1669, Royal Society, The, 2015, doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0108.","short":"F. Theis, L.V. Ugelvig, C. Marr, S. Cremer, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 370 (2015).","ista":"Theis F, Ugelvig LV, Marr C, Cremer S. 2015. Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 370(1669).","apa":"Theis, F., Ugelvig, L. V., Marr, C., & Cremer, S. (2015). Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. Royal Society, The. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0108","ieee":"F. Theis, L. V. Ugelvig, C. Marr, and S. Cremer, “Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, vol. 370, no. 1669. Royal Society, The, 2015.","ama":"Theis F, Ugelvig LV, Marr C, Cremer S. Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences. 2015;370(1669). doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0108"},"publication":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences","article_type":"original","date_published":"2015-05-26T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"26","_id":"1830","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","intvolume":" 370","title":"Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies","status":"public","oa_version":"Submitted Version","type":"journal_article","issue":"1669","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"To prevent epidemics, insect societies have evolved collective disease defences that are highly effective at curing exposed individuals and limiting disease transmission to healthy group members. Grooming is an important sanitary behaviour—either performed towards oneself (self-grooming) or towards others (allogrooming)—to remove infectious agents from the body surface of exposed individuals, but at the risk of disease contraction by the groomer. We use garden ants (Lasius neglectus) and the fungal pathogen Metarhizium as a model system to study how pathogen presence affects self-grooming and allogrooming between exposed and healthy individuals. We develop an epidemiological SIS model to explore how experimentally observed grooming patterns affect disease spread within the colony, thereby providing a direct link between the expression and direction of sanitary behaviours, and their effects on colony-level epidemiology. We find that fungus-exposed ants increase self-grooming, while simultaneously decreasing allogrooming. This behavioural modulation seems universally adaptive and is predicted to contain disease spread in a great variety of host–pathogen systems. In contrast, allogrooming directed towards pathogen-exposed individuals might both increase and decrease disease risk. Our model reveals that the effect of allogrooming depends on the balance between pathogen infectiousness and efficiency of social host defences, which are likely to vary across host–pathogen systems."}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4410374/"}],"oa":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["25870394"]},"project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"243071"},{"grant_number":"302004","_id":"25DDF0F0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Pathogen Detectors Collective disease defence and pathogen detection abilities in ant societies: a chemo-neuro-immunological approach"},{"_id":"25E0E184-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Antnet"},{"name":"Fellowship of Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin","_id":"25E24DB2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2014.0108","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1471-2970"],"issn":["0962-8436"]},"month":"05","pmid":1,"year":"2015","acknowledgement":"We thank Meghan L. Vyleta for the genetical fungal strain characterization and Eva Sixt for ant drawings, Matthias Konrad for discussion and Christopher D. Pull, Barbara Casillas-Peréz, Sebastian Novak, as well as three anonymous reviewers and the theme issue editors Peter Kappeler and Charlie Nunn for valuable comments on the manuscript.","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Royal Society, The","publication_status":"published","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9721"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Theis","first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Theis, Fabian"},{"id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"first_name":"Carsten","last_name":"Marr","full_name":"Marr, Carsten"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia"}],"volume":370,"date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:06:12Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:15Z","publist_id":"5273","ec_funded":1},{"oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2021-07-26T09:38:36Z","date_updated":"2023-02-23T10:16:22Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"1830","relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Theis, Fabian","last_name":"Theis","first_name":"Fabian"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"full_name":"Marr, Carsten","first_name":"Carsten","last_name":"Marr"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"publisher":"Dryad","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"status":"public","title":"Data from: Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies","_id":"9721","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","year":"2015","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"To prevent epidemics, insect societies have evolved collective disease defences that are highly effective at curing exposed individuals and limiting disease transmission to healthy group members. Grooming is an important sanitary behaviour—either performed towards oneself (self-grooming) or towards others (allogrooming)—to remove infectious agents from the body surface of exposed individuals, but at the risk of disease contraction by the groomer. We use garden ants (Lasius neglectus) and the fungal pathogen Metarhizium as a model system to study how pathogen presence affects self-grooming and allogrooming between exposed and healthy individuals. We develop an epidemiological SIS model to explore how experimentally observed grooming patterns affect disease spread within the colony, thereby providing a direct link between the expression and direction of sanitary behaviours, and their effects on colony-level epidemiology. We find that fungus-exposed ants increase self-grooming, while simultaneously decreasing allogrooming. This behavioural modulation seems universally adaptive and is predicted to contain disease spread in a great variety of host–pathogen systems. In contrast, allogrooming directed towards pathogen-exposed individuals might both increase and decrease disease risk. Our model reveals that the effect of allogrooming depends on the balance between pathogen infectiousness and efficiency of social host defences, which are likely to vary across host–pathogen systems."}],"type":"research_data_reference","date_published":"2015-12-29T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/dryad.dj2bf","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dj2bf","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"ista":"Theis F, Ugelvig LV, Marr C, Cremer S. 2015. Data from: Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.dj2bf.","apa":"Theis, F., Ugelvig, L. V., Marr, C., & Cremer, S. (2015). Data from: Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dj2bf","ieee":"F. Theis, L. V. Ugelvig, C. Marr, and S. Cremer, “Data from: Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies.” Dryad, 2015.","ama":"Theis F, Ugelvig LV, Marr C, Cremer S. Data from: Opposing effects of allogrooming on disease transmission in ant societies. 2015. doi:10.5061/dryad.dj2bf","chicago":"Theis, Fabian, Line V Ugelvig, Carsten Marr, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Opposing Effects of Allogrooming on Disease Transmission in Ant Societies.” Dryad, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dj2bf.","mla":"Theis, Fabian, et al. Data from: Opposing Effects of Allogrooming on Disease Transmission in Ant Societies. Dryad, 2015, doi:10.5061/dryad.dj2bf.","short":"F. Theis, L.V. Ugelvig, C. Marr, S. Cremer, (2015)."},"oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"29","month":"12"},{"author":[{"id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Konrad","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias"},{"first_name":"Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon","full_name":"Tragust, Simon"},{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"9740"}]},"date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:06:41Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:55:06Z","volume":282,"acknowledgement":"Funding was obtained by the German Research Foundation (CR 118–2) and an ERC StG (243071) by the European Research Council (both to S.C.).\r\nWe thank Line V. Ugelvig for help with ant collection and statistical discussion, Xavier Espadaler for detailed information on the ant collection site, Birgit Lautenschläger for the electron microscopy images and Eva Sixt for ant drawings. We further thank Jørgen Eilenberg for the fungal strain, Meghan L. Vyleta for genetic strain characterization and immune gene primer development, Paul Schmid-Hempel for discussion, and Line V. Ugelvig, Xavier Espadaler and Christopher D. Pull for comments on the manuscript. S.C., M.K. and S.T. conceived the study; M.K. and A.V.G. performed the experiments; M.K. performed the statistical analysis; S.C. and M.K. wrote the manuscript with intense contributions of A.V.G. and S.T.; all authors approved the manuscript.","year":"2015","pmid":1,"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"The Royal Society","ec_funded":1,"publist_id":"5090","article_number":"20141976","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2014.1976","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"EM-Fac"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["25473011"]},"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4286035/"}],"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"243071"},{"name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"month":"01","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1471-2954"],"issn":["0962-8452"]},"oa_version":"Submitted Version","_id":"1993","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host","status":"public","intvolume":" 282","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The fitness effects of symbionts on their hosts can be context-dependent, with usually benign symbionts causing detrimental effects when their hosts are stressed, or typically parasitic symbionts providing protection towards their hosts (e.g. against pathogen infection). Here, we studied the novel association between the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus and its fungal ectosymbiont Laboulbenia formicarum for potential costs and benefits. We tested ants with different Laboulbenia levels for their survival and immunity under resource limitation and exposure to the obligate killing entomopathogen Metarhizium brunneum. While survival of L. neglectus workers under starvation was significantly decreased with increasing Laboulbenia levels, host survival under Metarhizium exposure increased with higher levels of the ectosymbiont, suggesting a symbiont-mediated anti-pathogen protection, which seems to be driven mechanistically by both improved sanitary behaviours and an upregulated immune system. Ants with high Laboulbenia levels showed significantly longer self-grooming and elevated expression of immune genes relevant for wound repair and antifungal responses (β-1,3-glucan binding protein, Prophenoloxidase), compared with ants carrying low Laboulbenia levels. This suggests that the ectosymbiont Laboulbenia formicarum weakens its ant host by either direct resource exploitation or the costs of an upregulated behavioural and immunological response, which, however, provides a prophylactic protection upon later exposure to pathogens. "}],"issue":"1799","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2015-01-22T00:00:00Z","publication":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences","citation":{"ista":"Konrad M, Grasse AV, Tragust S, Cremer S. 2015. Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 282(1799), 20141976.","apa":"Konrad, M., Grasse, A. V., Tragust, S., & Cremer, S. (2015). Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. The Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1976","ieee":"M. Konrad, A. V. Grasse, S. Tragust, and S. Cremer, “Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host,” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 282, no. 1799. The Royal Society, 2015.","ama":"Konrad M, Grasse AV, Tragust S, Cremer S. Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 2015;282(1799). doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1976","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Anna V Grasse, Simon Tragust, and Sylvia Cremer. “Anti-Pathogen Protection versus Survival Costs Mediated by an Ectosymbiont in an Ant Host.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. The Royal Society, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1976.","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. “Anti-Pathogen Protection versus Survival Costs Mediated by an Ectosymbiont in an Ant Host.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 282, no. 1799, 20141976, The Royal Society, 2015, doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1976.","short":"M. Konrad, A.V. Grasse, S. Tragust, S. Cremer, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 282 (2015)."},"article_type":"original","day":"22","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1"},{"type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"text":"Repeated pathogen exposure is a common threat in colonies of social insects, posing selection pressures on colony members to respond with improved disease-defense performance. We here tested whether experience gained by repeated tending of low-level fungus-exposed (Metarhizium robertsii) larvae may alter the performance of sanitary brood care in the clonal ant, Platythyrea punctata. We trained ants individually over nine consecutive trials to either sham-treated or fungus-exposed larvae. We then compared the larval grooming behavior of naive and trained ants and measured how effectively they removed infectious fungal conidiospores from the fungus-exposed larvae. We found that the ants changed the duration of larval grooming in response to both, larval treatment and their level of experience: (1) sham-treated larvae received longer grooming than the fungus-exposed larvae and (2) trained ants performed less self-grooming but longer larval grooming than naive ants, which was true for both, ants trained to fungus-exposed and also to sham-treated larvae. Ants that groomed the fungus-exposed larvae for longer periods removed a higher number of fungal conidiospores from the surface of the fungus-exposed larvae. As experienced ants performed longer larval grooming, they were more effective in fungal removal, thus making them better caretakers under pathogen attack of the colony. By studying this clonal ant, we can thus conclude that even in the absence of genetic variation between colony members, differences in experience levels of brood care may affect performance of sanitary brood care in social insects.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Dryad","title":"Data from: Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant","status":"public","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","_id":"9742","year":"2015","oa_version":"Published Version","date_updated":"2023-02-23T10:30:52Z","date_created":"2021-07-28T08:52:53Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"2161","relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Westhus","first_name":"Claudia","full_name":"Westhus, Claudia"},{"first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"full_name":"Tourdot, Edouard","last_name":"Tourdot","first_name":"Edouard"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze"},{"first_name":"Claudie","last_name":"Doums","full_name":"Doums, Claudie"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"07","day":"09","oa":1,"citation":{"chicago":"Westhus, Claudia, Line V Ugelvig, Edouard Tourdot, Jürgen Heinze, Claudie Doums, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Increased Grooming after Repeated Brood Care Provides Sanitary Benefits in a Clonal Ant.” Dryad, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7kc79.","mla":"Westhus, Claudia, et al. Data from: Increased Grooming after Repeated Brood Care Provides Sanitary Benefits in a Clonal Ant. Dryad, 2015, doi:10.5061/dryad.7kc79.","short":"C. Westhus, L.V. Ugelvig, E. Tourdot, J. Heinze, C. Doums, S. Cremer, (2015).","ista":"Westhus C, Ugelvig LV, Tourdot E, Heinze J, Doums C, Cremer S. 2015. Data from: Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.7kc79.","ieee":"C. Westhus, L. V. Ugelvig, E. Tourdot, J. Heinze, C. Doums, and S. Cremer, “Data from: Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant.” Dryad, 2015.","apa":"Westhus, C., Ugelvig, L. V., Tourdot, E., Heinze, J., Doums, C., & Cremer, S. (2015). Data from: Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7kc79","ama":"Westhus C, Ugelvig LV, Tourdot E, Heinze J, Doums C, Cremer S. Data from: Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. 2015. doi:10.5061/dryad.7kc79"},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7kc79","open_access":"1"}],"date_published":"2015-07-09T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/dryad.7kc79"},{"day":"01","month":"04","citation":{"mla":"Stock, Miriam. Evolution of a Fungal Pathogen towards Individual versus Social Immunity in Ants. IST Austria, 2014.","short":"M. Stock, Evolution of a Fungal Pathogen towards Individual versus Social Immunity in Ants, IST Austria, 2014.","chicago":"Stock, Miriam. “Evolution of a Fungal Pathogen towards Individual versus Social Immunity in Ants.” IST Austria, 2014.","ama":"Stock M. Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants. 2014.","ista":"Stock M. 2014. Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants. IST Austria.","apa":"Stock, M. (2014). Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants. IST Austria.","ieee":"M. Stock, “Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants,” IST Austria, 2014."},"page":"101","date_published":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"supervisor":[{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia M","last_name":"Cremer","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M"}],"type":"dissertation","alternative_title":["IST Austria Thesis"],"publist_id":"5803","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The co-evolution of hosts and pathogens is characterized by continuous adaptations of both parties. Pathogens of social insects need to adapt towards disease defences at two levels: 1) individual immunity of each colony member consisting of behavioural defence strategies as well as humoral and cellular immune responses and 2) social immunity that is collectively performed by all group members comprising behavioural, physiological and organisational defence strategies.\r\n\r\nTo disentangle the selection pressure on pathogens by the collective versus individual level of disease defence in social insects, we performed an evolution experiment using the Argentine Ant, Linepithema humile, as a host and a mixture of the general insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium spp. (6 strains) as a pathogen. We allowed pathogen evolution over 10 serial host passages to two different evolution host treatments: (1) only individual host immunity in a single host treatment, and (2) simultaneously acting individual and social immunity in a social host treatment, in which an exposed ant was accompanied by two untreated nestmates.\r\n\r\nBefore starting the pathogen evolution experiment, the 6 Metarhizium spp. strains were characterised concerning conidiospore size killing rates in singly and socially reared ants, their competitiveness under coinfecting conditions and their influence on ant behaviour. We analysed how the ancestral atrain mixture changed in conidiospere size, killing rate and strain composition dependent on host treatment (single or social hosts) during 10 passages and found that killing rate and conidiospere size of the pathogen increased under both evolution regimes, but different depending on host treatment.\r\n\r\nTesting the evolved strain mixtures that evolved under either the single or social host treatment under both single and social current rearing conditions in a full factorial design experiment revealed that the additional collective defences in insect societies add new selection pressure for their coevolving pathogens that compromise their ability to adapt to its host at the group level. To our knowledge, this is the first study directly measuring the influence of social immunity on pathogen evolution."}],"_id":"1404","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2014","acknowledgement":"This work was funded by the DFG and the ERC.","publisher":"IST Austria","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"title":"Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants","publication_status":"published","status":"public","author":[{"full_name":"Stock, Miriam","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Stock","first_name":"Miriam"}],"oa_version":"None","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:49Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:50:30Z"},{"author":[{"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Tobler","full_name":"Tobler, Michael"},{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Plath","full_name":"Plath, Martin"},{"last_name":"Riesch","first_name":"Rüdiger","full_name":"Riesch, Rüdiger"},{"full_name":"Schlupp, Ingo","last_name":"Schlupp","first_name":"Ingo"},{"id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"full_name":"Munimanda, Gopi","last_name":"Munimanda","first_name":"Gopi"},{"last_name":"Setzer","first_name":"C","full_name":"Setzer, C"},{"full_name":"Penn, Dustin","first_name":"Dustin","last_name":"Penn"},{"first_name":"Yoshan","last_name":"Moodley","full_name":"Moodley, Yoshan"}],"volume":27,"date_updated":"2022-06-07T09:22:20Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:38Z","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"This study was funded by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to MT (IOS-1121832) and IS (DEB-0743406) and from the German Science Foundation (DFG; PL 470/1-2) and ‘LOEWE − Landesoffensive zur Entwicklung wissenschaftlich-ökonomischer Exzellenz’ of Hesse's Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and the Arts, to MP.","year":"2014","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","publist_id":"5190","doi":"10.1111/jeb.12370","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["24725091"]},"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1010-061X"],"eissn":["1420-9101"]},"month":"04","oa_version":"None","_id":"1905","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":" 27","status":"public","title":"Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations","issue":"5","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The unprecedented polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is thought to be maintained by balancing selection from parasites. However, do parasites also drive divergence at MHC loci between host populations, or do the effects of balancing selection maintain similarities among populations? We examined MHC variation in populations of the livebearing fish Poecilia mexicana and characterized their parasite communities. Poecilia mexicana populations in the Cueva del Azufre system are locally adapted to darkness and the presence of toxic hydrogen sulphide, representing highly divergent ecotypes or incipient species. Parasite communities differed significantly across populations, and populations with higher parasite loads had higher levels of diversity at class II MHC genes. However, despite different parasite communities, marked divergence in adaptive traits and in neutral genetic markers, we found MHC alleles to be remarkably similar among host populations. Our findings indicate that balancing selection from parasites maintains immunogenetic diversity of hosts, but this process does not promote MHC divergence in this system. On the contrary, we suggest that balancing selection on immunogenetic loci may outweigh divergent selection causing divergence, thereby hindering host divergence and speciation. Our findings support the hypothesis that balancing selection maintains MHC similarities among lineages during and after speciation (trans-species evolution)."}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2014-04-12T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ieee":"M. Tobler et al., “Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations,” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 27, no. 5. Wiley, pp. 960–974, 2014.","apa":"Tobler, M., Plath, M., Riesch, R., Schlupp, I., Grasse, A. V., Munimanda, G., … Moodley, Y. (2014). Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12370","ista":"Tobler M, Plath M, Riesch R, Schlupp I, Grasse AV, Munimanda G, Setzer C, Penn D, Moodley Y. 2014. Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 27(5), 960–974.","ama":"Tobler M, Plath M, Riesch R, et al. Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2014;27(5):960-974. doi:10.1111/jeb.12370","chicago":"Tobler, Michael, Martin Plath, Rüdiger Riesch, Ingo Schlupp, Anna V Grasse, Gopi Munimanda, C Setzer, Dustin Penn, and Yoshan Moodley. “Selection from Parasites Favours Immunogenetic Diversity but Not Divergence among Locally Adapted Host Populations.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12370.","short":"M. Tobler, M. Plath, R. Riesch, I. Schlupp, A.V. Grasse, G. Munimanda, C. Setzer, D. Penn, Y. Moodley, Journal of Evolutionary Biology 27 (2014) 960–974.","mla":"Tobler, Michael, et al. “Selection from Parasites Favours Immunogenetic Diversity but Not Divergence among Locally Adapted Host Populations.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 27, no. 5, Wiley, 2014, pp. 960–74, doi:10.1111/jeb.12370."},"publication":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","page":"960 - 974","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"12","scopus_import":"1"},{"scopus_import":1,"month":"10","day":"01","page":"471 - 482","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"ista":"El Masri L, Cremer S. 2014. Individual and social immunisation in insects. Trends in Immunology. 35(10), 471–482.","apa":"El Masri, L., & Cremer, S. (2014). Individual and social immunisation in insects. Trends in Immunology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005","ieee":"L. El Masri and S. Cremer, “Individual and social immunisation in insects,” Trends in Immunology, vol. 35, no. 10. Elsevier, pp. 471–482, 2014.","ama":"El Masri L, Cremer S. Individual and social immunisation in insects. Trends in Immunology. 2014;35(10):471-482. doi:10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005","chicago":"El Masri, Leila, and Sylvia Cremer. “Individual and Social Immunisation in Insects.” Trends in Immunology. Elsevier, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005.","mla":"El Masri, Leila, and Sylvia Cremer. “Individual and Social Immunisation in Insects.” Trends in Immunology, vol. 35, no. 10, Elsevier, 2014, pp. 471–82, doi:10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005.","short":"L. El Masri, S. Cremer, Trends in Immunology 35 (2014) 471–482."},"publication":"Trends in Immunology","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005","date_published":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publist_id":"5081","issue":"10","abstract":[{"text":"Immune systems are able to protect the body against secondary infection with the same parasite. In insect colonies, this protection is not restricted to the level of the individual organism, but also occurs at the societal level. Here, we review recent evidence for and insights into the mechanisms underlying individual and social immunisation in insects. We disentangle general immune-protective effects from specific immune memory (priming), and examine immunisation in the context of the lifetime of an individual and that of a colony, and of transgenerational immunisation that benefits offspring. When appropriate, we discuss parallels with disease defence strategies in human societies. We propose that recurrent parasitic threats have shaped the evolution of both the individual immune systems and colony-level social immunity in insects.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","intvolume":" 35","publication_status":"published","title":"Individual and social immunisation in insects","status":"public","_id":"1998","acknowledgement":"This work was funded by an ERC Starting Grant by the European Research Council (to S.C.) and the ISTFELLOW program (Co-fund Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission; to L.M.).\r\nWe thank Christopher D. Pull, Sophie A.O. Armitage, Hinrich Schulenburg, Line V. Ugelvig, Matthias Konrad, Matthias Fürst, Miriam Stock, Barbara Casillas-Perez and three anonymous referees for comments on the manuscript. ","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2014","oa_version":"None","volume":35,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:55:07Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:54:35Z","author":[{"full_name":"El Masri, Leila","first_name":"Leila","last_name":"El Masri","id":"349A6E66-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}]},{"oa_version":"Submitted Version","title":"Disease associations between honeybees and bumblebees as a threat to wild pollinators","status":"public","intvolume":" 506","user_id":"4435EBFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"2235","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) pose a risk to human welfare, both directly and indirectly, by affecting managed livestock and wildlife that provide valuable resources and ecosystem services, such as the pollination of crops. Honeybees (Apis mellifera), the prevailing managed insect crop pollinator, suffer from a range of emerging and exotic high-impact pathogens, and population maintenance requires active management by beekeepers to control them. Wild pollinators such as bumblebees (Bombus spp.) are in global decline, one cause of which may be pathogen spillover from managed pollinators like honeybees or commercial colonies of bumblebees. Here we use a combination of infection experiments and landscape-scale field data to show that honeybee EIDs are indeed widespread infectious agents within the pollinator assemblage. The prevalence of deformed wing virus (DWV) and the exotic parasite Nosema ceranae in honeybees and bumblebees is linked; as honeybees have higher DWV prevalence, and sympatric bumblebees and honeybees are infected by the same DWV strains, Apis is the likely source of at least one major EID in wild pollinators. Lessons learned from vertebrates highlight the need for increased pathogen control in managed bee species to maintain wild pollinators, as declines in native pollinators may be caused by interspecies pathogen transmission originating from managed pollinators."}],"issue":"7488","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2014-02-20T00:00:00Z","page":"364 - 366","publication":"Nature","citation":{"chicago":"Fürst, Matthias, Dino Mcmahon, Juliet Osborne, Robert Paxton, and Mark Brown. “Disease Associations between Honeybees and Bumblebees as a Threat to Wild Pollinators.” Nature. Nature Publishing Group, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12977.","mla":"Fürst, Matthias, et al. “Disease Associations between Honeybees and Bumblebees as a Threat to Wild Pollinators.” Nature, vol. 506, no. 7488, Nature Publishing Group, 2014, pp. 364–66, doi:10.1038/nature12977.","short":"M. Fürst, D. Mcmahon, J. Osborne, R. Paxton, M. Brown, Nature 506 (2014) 364–366.","ista":"Fürst M, Mcmahon D, Osborne J, Paxton R, Brown M. 2014. Disease associations between honeybees and bumblebees as a threat to wild pollinators. Nature. 506(7488), 364–366.","apa":"Fürst, M., Mcmahon, D., Osborne, J., Paxton, R., & Brown, M. (2014). Disease associations between honeybees and bumblebees as a threat to wild pollinators. Nature. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12977","ieee":"M. Fürst, D. Mcmahon, J. Osborne, R. Paxton, and M. Brown, “Disease associations between honeybees and bumblebees as a threat to wild pollinators,” Nature, vol. 506, no. 7488. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 364–366, 2014.","ama":"Fürst M, Mcmahon D, Osborne J, Paxton R, Brown M. Disease associations between honeybees and bumblebees as a threat to wild pollinators. Nature. 2014;506(7488):364-366. doi:10.1038/nature12977"},"day":"20","scopus_import":1,"date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:56:11Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:56:29Z","volume":506,"author":[{"id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Fürst","full_name":"Fürst, Matthias"},{"last_name":"Mcmahon","first_name":"Dino","full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino"},{"full_name":"Osborne, Juliet","first_name":"Juliet","last_name":"Osborne"},{"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Paxton","full_name":"Paxton, Robert"},{"full_name":"Brown, Mark","last_name":"Brown","first_name":"Mark"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2014","publist_id":"4726","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1038/nature12977","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3985068/","open_access":"1"}],"month":"02","publication_identifier":{"issn":["00280836"]}},{"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Pathogens may gain a fitness advantage through manipulation of the behaviour of their hosts. Likewise, host behavioural changes can be a defence mechanism, counteracting the impact of pathogens on host fitness. We apply harmonic radar technology to characterize the impact of an emerging pathogen - Nosema ceranae (Microsporidia) - on honeybee (Apis mellifera) flight and orientation performance in the field. Honeybees are the most important commercial pollinators. Emerging diseases have been proposed to play a prominent role in colony decline, partly through sub-lethal behavioural manipulation of their hosts. We found that homing success was significantly reduced in diseased (65.8%) versus healthy foragers (92.5%). Although lost bees had significantly reduced continuous flight times and prolonged resting times, other flight characteristics and navigational abilities showed no significant difference between infected and non-infected bees. Our results suggest that infected bees express normal flight characteristics but are constrained in their homing ability, potentially compromising the colony by reducing its resource inputs, but also counteracting the intra-colony spread of infection. We provide the first high-resolution analysis of sub-lethal effects of an emerging disease on insect flight behaviour. The potential causes and the implications for both host and parasite are discussed.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"8","user_id":"4435EBFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"2086","title":"So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","intvolume":" 9","pubrep_id":"437","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2016-437-v1+1_journal.pone.0103989.pdf","creator":"system","file_size":1013386,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"5042","relation":"main_file","checksum":"2fc62c6739eada4bddf026afbae669db","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:13:55Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:28Z"}],"scopus_import":1,"day":"06","has_accepted_license":"1","publication":"PLoS One","citation":{"mla":"Wolf, Stephan, et al. “So near and yet so Far: Harmonic Radar Reveals Reduced Homing Ability of Nosema Infected Honeybees.” PLoS One, vol. 9, no. 8, e103989, Public Library of Science, 2014, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.","short":"S. Wolf, D. Mcmahon, K. Lim, C. Pull, S. Clark, R. Paxton, J. Osborne, PLoS One 9 (2014).","chicago":"Wolf, Stephan, Dino Mcmahon, Ka Lim, Christopher Pull, Suzanne Clark, Robert Paxton, and Juliet Osborne. “So near and yet so Far: Harmonic Radar Reveals Reduced Homing Ability of Nosema Infected Honeybees.” PLoS One. Public Library of Science, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.","ama":"Wolf S, Mcmahon D, Lim K, et al. So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees. PLoS One. 2014;9(8). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103989","ista":"Wolf S, Mcmahon D, Lim K, Pull C, Clark S, Paxton R, Osborne J. 2014. So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees. PLoS One. 9(8), e103989.","ieee":"S. Wolf et al., “So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees,” PLoS One, vol. 9, no. 8. Public Library of Science, 2014.","apa":"Wolf, S., Mcmahon, D., Lim, K., Pull, C., Clark, S., Paxton, R., & Osborne, J. (2014). So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees. PLoS One. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103989"},"date_published":"2014-08-06T00:00:00Z","article_number":"e103989","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:28Z","publist_id":"4949","year":"2014","acknowledgement":"This study was funded jointly by a grant from BBSRC, Defra, NERC, the Scottish Government and the Wellcome Trust, under the Insect Pollinators Initiative (grant numbers BB/I00097/1 and BB/I000100/1). Rothamsted Research is a national institute of bioscience strategically funded by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Public Library of Science","author":[{"first_name":"Stephan","last_name":"Wolf","full_name":"Wolf, Stephan"},{"last_name":"Mcmahon","first_name":"Dino","full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino"},{"last_name":"Lim","first_name":"Ka","full_name":"Lim, Ka"},{"full_name":"Pull, Christopher","first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982"},{"first_name":"Suzanne","last_name":"Clark","full_name":"Clark, Suzanne"},{"full_name":"Paxton, Robert","first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Paxton"},{"first_name":"Juliet","last_name":"Osborne","full_name":"Osborne, Juliet"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9888"}]},"date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:11:56Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:55:37Z","volume":9,"month":"08","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0103989","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"text":"Detailed description of the experimental prodedures, data analyses and additional statistical analyses of the results.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","title":"Supporting information","publisher":"Public Library of Science","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2014","_id":"9888","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","date_updated":"2023-02-23T10:27:38Z","date_created":"2021-08-11T14:17:53Z","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"full_name":"Wolf, Stephan","last_name":"Wolf","first_name":"Stephan"},{"full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino","last_name":"Mcmahon","first_name":"Dino"},{"last_name":"Lim","first_name":"Ka","full_name":"Lim, Ka"},{"full_name":"Pull, Christopher","last_name":"Pull","first_name":"Christopher","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Clark, Suzanne","last_name":"Clark","first_name":"Suzanne"},{"last_name":"Paxton","first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Paxton, Robert"},{"full_name":"Osborne, Juliet","last_name":"Osborne","first_name":"Juliet"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"2086","status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication"}]},"day":"06","month":"08","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"mla":"Wolf, Stephan, et al. Supporting Information. Public Library of Science, 2014, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.s003.","short":"S. Wolf, D. Mcmahon, K. Lim, C. Pull, S. Clark, R. Paxton, J. Osborne, (2014).","chicago":"Wolf, Stephan, Dino Mcmahon, Ka Lim, Christopher Pull, Suzanne Clark, Robert Paxton, and Juliet Osborne. “Supporting Information.” Public Library of Science, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.s003.","ama":"Wolf S, Mcmahon D, Lim K, et al. Supporting information. 2014. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.s003","ista":"Wolf S, Mcmahon D, Lim K, Pull C, Clark S, Paxton R, Osborne J. 2014. Supporting information, Public Library of Science, 10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.s003.","ieee":"S. Wolf et al., “Supporting information.” Public Library of Science, 2014.","apa":"Wolf, S., Mcmahon, D., Lim, K., Pull, C., Clark, S., Paxton, R., & Osborne, J. (2014). Supporting information. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.s003"},"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.s003"},{"project":[{"name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"291734","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"243071"},{"name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-5443"]},"month":"07","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Springer","publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"We thank Katrin Kellner for colony establishment and characterization, Mike Bidochka for the fungal strain, Meghan Vyleta for fungal strain characterization, Martina Klatt and Simon Tragust for help in the laboratory, Dimitri Missoh for developing the software BioLogic, and Mark Brown and Raphaël Jeanson for discussion and help with data analysis. The study was funded by the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant to SC; Marie Curie IEF to LVU) and the German Research Foundation DFG (to SC and to JH), and CW received funding by the doctoral school Diversité du Vivant (Cotutelle project to CD and SC).\r\n","year":"2014","volume":68,"date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:06:46Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:56:03Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"9742"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Westhus","first_name":"Claudia","id":"ca9c6ca9-e8aa-11ec-a586-b9471ede0494","full_name":"Westhus, Claudia"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"full_name":"Tourdot, Edouard","first_name":"Edouard","last_name":"Tourdot"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","first_name":"Jürgen"},{"last_name":"Doums","first_name":"Claudie","full_name":"Doums, Claudie"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia"}],"publist_id":"4823","ec_funded":1,"page":"1701 - 1710","article_type":"original","citation":{"apa":"Westhus, C., Ugelvig, L. V., Tourdot, E., Heinze, J., Doums, C., & Cremer, S. (2014). Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8","ieee":"C. Westhus, L. V. Ugelvig, E. Tourdot, J. Heinze, C. Doums, and S. Cremer, “Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant,” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol. 68, no. 10. Springer, pp. 1701–1710, 2014.","ista":"Westhus C, Ugelvig LV, Tourdot E, Heinze J, Doums C, Cremer S. 2014. Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 68(10), 1701–1710.","ama":"Westhus C, Ugelvig LV, Tourdot E, Heinze J, Doums C, Cremer S. Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 2014;68(10):1701-1710. doi:10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8","chicago":"Westhus, Claudia, Line V Ugelvig, Edouard Tourdot, Jürgen Heinze, Claudie Doums, and Sylvia Cremer. “Increased Grooming after Repeated Brood Care Provides Sanitary Benefits in a Clonal Ant.” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Springer, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8.","short":"C. Westhus, L.V. Ugelvig, E. Tourdot, J. Heinze, C. Doums, S. Cremer, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 68 (2014) 1701–1710.","mla":"Westhus, Claudia, et al. “Increased Grooming after Repeated Brood Care Provides Sanitary Benefits in a Clonal Ant.” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol. 68, no. 10, Springer, 2014, pp. 1701–10, doi:10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8."},"publication":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","date_published":"2014-07-23T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"23","intvolume":" 68","status":"public","title":"Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant","_id":"2161","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"None","type":"journal_article","issue":"10","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Repeated pathogen exposure is a common threat in colonies of social insects, posing selection pressures on colony members to respond with improved disease-defense performance. We here tested whether experience gained by repeated tending of low-level fungus-exposed (Metarhizium robertsii) larvae may alter the performance of sanitary brood care in the clonal ant, Platythyrea punctata. We trained ants individually over nine consecutive trials to either sham-treated or fungus-exposed larvae. We then compared the larval grooming behavior of naive and trained ants and measured how effectively they removed infectious fungal conidiospores from the fungus-exposed larvae. We found that the ants changed the duration of larval grooming in response to both, larval treatment and their level of experience: (1) sham-treated larvae received longer grooming than the fungus-exposed larvae and (2) trained ants performed less self-grooming but longer larval grooming than naive ants, which was true for both, ants trained to fungus-exposed and also to sham-treated larvae. Ants that groomed the fungus-exposed larvae for longer periods removed a higher number of fungal conidiospores from the surface of the fungus-exposed larvae. As experienced ants performed longer larval grooming, they were more effective in fungal removal, thus making them better caretakers under pathogen attack of the colony. By studying this clonal ant, we can thus conclude that even in the absence of genetic variation between colony members, differences in experience levels of brood care may affect performance of sanitary brood care in social insects."}]},{"type":"research_data_reference","abstract":[{"text":"The fitness effects of symbionts on their hosts can be context-dependent, with usually benign symbionts causing detrimental effects when their hosts are stressed, or typically parasitic symbionts providing protection towards their hosts (e.g. against pathogen infection). Here, we studied the novel association between the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus and its fungal ectosymbiont Laboulbenia formicarum for potential costs and benefits. We tested ants with different Laboulbenia levels for their survival and immunity under resource limitation and exposure to the obligate killing entomopathogen Metarhizium brunneum. While survival of L. neglectus workers under starvation was significantly decreased with increasing Laboulbenia levels, host survival under Metarhizium exposure increased with higher levels of the ectosymbiont, suggesting a symbiont-mediated anti-pathogen protection, which seems to be driven mechanistically by both improved sanitary behaviours and an upregulated immune system. Ants with high Laboulbenia levels showed significantly longer self-grooming and elevated expression of immune genes relevant for wound repair and antifungal responses (β-1,3-glucan binding protein, Prophenoloxidase), compared with ants carrying low Laboulbenia levels. This suggests that the ectosymbiont Laboulbenia formicarum weakens its ant host by either direct resource exploitation or the costs of an upregulated behavioural and immunological response, which, however, provides a prophylactic protection upon later exposure to pathogens.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","_id":"9740","year":"2014","publisher":"Dryad","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"status":"public","title":"Data from: Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public","id":"1993"}]},"author":[{"id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias"},{"last_name":"Grasse","first_name":"Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon","full_name":"Tragust, Simon"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2021-07-28T08:38:40Z","date_updated":"2023-02-23T10:23:32Z","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"11","day":"13","citation":{"chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Anna V Grasse, Simon Tragust, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Anti-Pathogen Protection versus Survival Costs Mediated by an Ectosymbiont in an Ant Host.” Dryad, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vm0vc.","short":"M. Konrad, A.V. Grasse, S. Tragust, S. Cremer, (2014).","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. Data from: Anti-Pathogen Protection versus Survival Costs Mediated by an Ectosymbiont in an Ant Host. Dryad, 2014, doi:10.5061/dryad.vm0vc.","ieee":"M. Konrad, A. V. Grasse, S. Tragust, and S. Cremer, “Data from: Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host.” Dryad, 2014.","apa":"Konrad, M., Grasse, A. V., Tragust, S., & Cremer, S. (2014). Data from: Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vm0vc","ista":"Konrad M, Grasse AV, Tragust S, Cremer S. 2014. Data from: Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.vm0vc.","ama":"Konrad M, Grasse AV, Tragust S, Cremer S. Data from: Anti-pathogen protection versus survival costs mediated by an ectosymbiont in an ant host. 2014. doi:10.5061/dryad.vm0vc"},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vm0vc","open_access":"1"}],"oa":1,"doi":"10.5061/dryad.vm0vc","date_published":"2014-11-13T00:00:00Z"},{"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public","id":"2284"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Tragust, Simon","first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Tragust","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Chapuisat","first_name":"Michel","full_name":"Chapuisat, Michel"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze"},{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2021-07-30T08:24:11Z","date_updated":"2023-02-23T10:36:17Z","_id":"9753","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","year":"2014","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Dryad","status":"public","title":"Data from: Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Background: The brood of ants and other social insects is highly susceptible to pathogens, particularly those that penetrate the soft larval and pupal cuticle. We here test whether the presence of a pupal cocoon, which occurs in some ant species but not in others, affects the sanitary brood care and fungal infection patterns after exposure to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum. We use a) a comparative approach analysing four species with either naked or cocooned pupae and b) a within-species analysis of a single ant species, in which both pupal types co-exist in the same colony. Results: We found that the presence of a cocoon did not compromise fungal pathogen detection by the ants and that species with cocooned pupae increased brood grooming after pathogen exposure. All tested ant species further removed brood from their nests, which was predominantly expressed towards larvae and naked pupae treated with the live fungal pathogen. In contrast, cocooned pupae exposed to live fungus were not removed at higher rates than cocooned pupae exposed to dead fungus or a sham control. Consistent with this, exposure to the live fungus caused high numbers of infections and fungal outgrowth in larvae and naked pupae, but not in cocooned pupae. Moreover, the ants consistently removed the brood prior to fungal outgrowth, ensuring a clean brood chamber. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the pupal cocoon has a protective effect against fungal infection, causing an adaptive change in sanitary behaviours by the ants. It further demonstrates that brood removal - originally described for honeybees as “hygienic behaviour” – is a widespread sanitary behaviour in ants, which likely has important implications on disease dynamics in social insect colonies."}],"type":"research_data_reference","doi":"10.5061/dryad.nc0gc","date_published":"2014-10-08T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ama":"Tragust S, Ugelvig LV, Chapuisat M, Heinze J, Cremer S. Data from: Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. 2014. doi:10.5061/dryad.nc0gc","apa":"Tragust, S., Ugelvig, L. V., Chapuisat, M., Heinze, J., & Cremer, S. (2014). Data from: Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.nc0gc","ieee":"S. Tragust, L. V. Ugelvig, M. Chapuisat, J. Heinze, and S. Cremer, “Data from: Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies.” Dryad, 2014.","ista":"Tragust S, Ugelvig LV, Chapuisat M, Heinze J, Cremer S. 2014. Data from: Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.nc0gc.","short":"S. Tragust, L.V. Ugelvig, M. Chapuisat, J. Heinze, S. Cremer, (2014).","mla":"Tragust, Simon, et al. Data from: Pupal Cocoons Affect Sanitary Brood Care and Limit Fungal Infections in Ant Colonies. Dryad, 2014, doi:10.5061/dryad.nc0gc.","chicago":"Tragust, Simon, Line V Ugelvig, Michel Chapuisat, Jürgen Heinze, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Pupal Cocoons Affect Sanitary Brood Care and Limit Fungal Infections in Ant Colonies.” Dryad, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.nc0gc."},"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.nc0gc"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"08","month":"10"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","month":"02","page":"131","citation":{"mla":"Konrad, Matthias. Immune Defences in Ants: Effects of Social Immunisation and a Fungal Ectosymbiont in the Ant Lasius Neglectus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014.","short":"M. Konrad, Immune Defences in Ants: Effects of Social Immunisation and a Fungal Ectosymbiont in the Ant Lasius Neglectus, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014.","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias. “Immune Defences in Ants: Effects of Social Immunisation and a Fungal Ectosymbiont in the Ant Lasius Neglectus.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014.","ama":"Konrad M. Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus. 2014.","ista":"Konrad M. 2014. Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Konrad, M. (2014). Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"M. Konrad, “Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","supervisor":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia M","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M"}],"date_published":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"type":"dissertation","publist_id":"5814","abstract":[{"text":"In this thesis I studied various individual and social immune defences employed by the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus mostly against entomopathogenic fungi. The first two chapters of this thesis address the phenomenon of 'social immunisation'. Social immunisation, that is the immunological protection of group members due to social contact to a pathogen-exposed nestmate, has been described in various social insect species against different types of pathogens. However, in the case of entomopathogenic fungi it has, so far, only been demonstrated that social immunisation exists at all. Its underlying mechanisms r any other properties were, however, unknown. In the first chapter of this thesis I identified the mechanistic basis of social immunisation in L. neglectus against the entomopathogenous fungus Metarhizium. I could show that nestmates of a pathogen-exposed individual contract low-level infections due to social interactions. These low-level infections are, however, non-lethal and cause an active stimulation of the immune system, which protects the nestmates upon subsequent pathogen encounters. In the second chapter of this thesis I investigated the specificity and colony level effects of social immunisation. I demonstrated that the protection conferred by social immunisation is highly specific, protecting ants only against the same pathogen strain. In addition, depending on the respective context, social immunisation may even cause fitness costs. I further showed that social immunisation crucially affects sanitary behaviour and disease dynamics within ant groups. In the third chapter of this thesis I studied the effects of the ectosymbiotic fungus Laboulbenia formicarum on its host L. neglectus. Although Laboulbeniales are the largest order of insect-parasitic fungi, research concerning host fitness consequence is sparse. I showed that highly Laboulbenia-infected ants sustain fitness costs under resource limitation, however, gain fitness benefits when exposed to an entomopathogenus fungus. These effects are probably cause by a prophylactic upregulation of behavioural as well as physiological immune defences in highly infected ants.","lang":"eng"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"title":"Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus","publication_status":"published","status":"public","year":"2014","_id":"1395","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","oa_version":"None","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:46Z","date_updated":"2023-09-07T11:38:56Z","author":[{"full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Konrad","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}]},{"year":"2014","_id":"1887","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft","title":"Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften","status":"public","publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:33Z","date_updated":"2023-10-17T07:54:57Z","type":"journal_article","publist_id":"5208","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.dzg-ev.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/zoologie2014.pdf"}],"citation":{"mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften.” Zoologie, Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft, 2014, pp. 23–30.","short":"S. Cremer, Zoologie (2014) 23–30.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften.” Zoologie. Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft, 2014.","ama":"Cremer S. Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften. Zoologie. 2014:23-30.","ista":"Cremer S. 2014. Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften. Zoologie., 23–30.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2014). Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften. Zoologie. Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft.","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften,” Zoologie. Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft, pp. 23–30, 2014."},"oa":1,"publication":"Zoologie","page":"23 - 30","quality_controlled":"1","article_type":"original","date_published":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"01","day":"01"},{"_id":"1888","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2014","status":"public","title":"Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften","publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 43","publisher":"Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:33Z","date_updated":"2023-10-17T12:28:45Z","oa_version":"None","volume":43,"type":"book_chapter","alternative_title":["Rundgespräche der Kommission für Ökologie"],"abstract":[{"text":"Im Rahmen meiner Arbeit mit der kollektiven Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften interessiert mich vor allem, wie sich die Kolonien als Ganzes gegen Krankheiten wehren können. Warum ist dieses Thema der Krankheitsdynamik in Gruppen so wichtig? Ein Vergleich von solitär lebenden Individuen mit Individuen, die in sozialen Gruppen zusammenleben, zeigt die Kosten und die Vorteile des Gruppenlebens: Einerseits haben Individuen in sozialen Gruppen aufgrund der hohen Dichte, in der die Tiere zusammenleben, den hohen Interaktionsraten, die sie miteinander haben, und der engen Verwandtschaft, die sie verbindet, ein höheres Ansteckungsrisiko. Andererseits kann die individuelle Krankheitsabwehr durch die kollektive Abwehr in den Gruppen ergänzt werden.","lang":"ger"}],"publist_id":"5207","publication":"Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt","citation":{"mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Soziale Immunität: Wie Sich Der Staat Gegen Pathogene Wehrt Bayerische Akademie Der Wissenschaften.” Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt, vol. 43, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014, pp. 65–72.","short":"S. Cremer, in:, Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014, pp. 65–72.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Soziale Immunität: Wie Sich Der Staat Gegen Pathogene Wehrt Bayerische Akademie Der Wissenschaften.” In Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt, 43:65–72. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014.","ama":"Cremer S. Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. In: Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt. Vol 43. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil; 2014:65-72.","ista":"Cremer S. 2014.Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. In: Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt. Rundgespräche der Kommission für Ökologie, vol. 43, 65–72.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2014). Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. In Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt (Vol. 43, pp. 65–72). Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil.","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften,” in Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt, vol. 43, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014, pp. 65–72."},"quality_controlled":"1","page":"65 - 72","date_published":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"01","day":"01","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2366-2875"]}},{"type":"journal_article","issue":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Selection for disease control is believed to have contributed to shape the organisation of insect societies — leading to interaction patterns that mitigate disease transmission risk within colonies, conferring them ‘organisational immunity’. Recent studies combining epidemiological models with social network analysis have identified general properties of interaction networks that may hinder propagation of infection within groups. These can be prophylactic and/or induced upon pathogen exposure. Here we review empirical evidence for these two types of organisational immunity in social insects and describe the individual-level behaviours that underlie it. We highlight areas requiring further investigation, and emphasise the need for tighter links between theory and empirical research and between individual-level and collective-level analyses."}],"intvolume":" 5","status":"public","title":"Organisational immunity in social insects","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"1999","oa_version":"None","scopus_import":1,"day":"01","page":"1 - 15","citation":{"ama":"Stroeymeyt N, Casillas Perez BE, Cremer S. Organisational immunity in social insects. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 2014;5(1):1-15. doi:10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001","ista":"Stroeymeyt N, Casillas Perez BE, Cremer S. 2014. Organisational immunity in social insects. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 5(1), 1–15.","apa":"Stroeymeyt, N., Casillas Perez, B. E., & Cremer, S. (2014). Organisational immunity in social insects. Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001","ieee":"N. Stroeymeyt, B. E. Casillas Perez, and S. Cremer, “Organisational immunity in social insects,” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 5, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 1–15, 2014.","mla":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, et al. “Organisational Immunity in Social Insects.” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 5, no. 1, Elsevier, 2014, pp. 1–15, doi:10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001.","short":"N. Stroeymeyt, B.E. Casillas Perez, S. Cremer, Current Opinion in Insect Science 5 (2014) 1–15.","chicago":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, Barbara E Casillas Perez, and Sylvia Cremer. “Organisational Immunity in Social Insects.” Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001."},"publication":"Current Opinion in Insect Science","date_published":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","publist_id":"5080","ec_funded":1,"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","publication_status":"published","year":"2014","volume":5,"date_updated":"2024-03-28T23:30:05Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:55:08Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"6383"},{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"6435"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie","first_name":"Nathalie","last_name":"Stroeymeyt"},{"full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E","last_name":"Casillas Perez","first_name":"Barbara E","id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"month":"11","project":[{"grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7"}],"quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001"},{"publication":"Naturwissenschaften","citation":{"ama":"Pull C, Hughes W, Brown M. Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger . Naturwissenschaften. 2013;100(12):1125-1136. doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5","apa":"Pull, C., Hughes, W., & Brown, M. (2013). Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger . Naturwissenschaften. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5","ieee":"C. Pull, W. Hughes, and M. Brown, “Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger ,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 100, no. 12. Springer, pp. 1125–1136, 2013.","ista":"Pull C, Hughes W, Brown M. 2013. Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger . Naturwissenschaften. 100(12), 1125–1136.","short":"C. Pull, W. Hughes, M. Brown, Naturwissenschaften 100 (2013) 1125–1136.","mla":"Pull, Christopher, et al. “Tolerating an Infection: An Indirect Benefit of Co-Founding Queen Associations in the Ant Lasius Niger .” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 100, no. 12, Springer, 2013, pp. 1125–36, doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5.","chicago":"Pull, Christopher, William Hughes, and Markus Brown. “Tolerating an Infection: An Indirect Benefit of Co-Founding Queen Associations in the Ant Lasius Niger .” Naturwissenschaften. Springer, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5."},"quality_controlled":"1","page":"1125 - 1136","doi":"10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5","date_published":"2013-11-14T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":1,"day":"14","month":"11","_id":"2283","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2013","publication_status":"published","status":"public","title":"Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger ","intvolume":" 100","publisher":"Springer","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Pull","first_name":"Christopher","full_name":"Pull, Christopher"},{"full_name":"Hughes, William","first_name":"William","last_name":"Hughes"},{"first_name":"Markus","last_name":"Brown","id":"3DAB9AFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Brown, Markus"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:56:45Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:56:31Z","oa_version":"None","volume":100,"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Pathogens exert a strong selection pressure on organisms to evolve effective immune defences. In addition to individual immunity, social organisms can act cooperatively to produce collective defences. In many ant species, queens have the option to found a colony alone or in groups with other, often unrelated, conspecifics. These associations are transient, usually lasting only as long as each queen benefits from the presence of others. In fact, once the first workers emerge, queens fight to the death for dominance. One potential advantage of co-founding may be that queens benefit from collective disease defences, such as mutual grooming, that act against common soil pathogens. We test this hypothesis by exposing single and co-founding queens to a fungal parasite, in order to assess whether queens in co-founding associations have improved survival. Surprisingly, co-foundresses exposed to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium did not engage in cooperative disease defences, and consequently, we find no direct benefit of multiple queens on survival. However, an indirect benefit was observed, with parasite-exposed queens producing more brood when they co-founded, than when they were alone. We suggest this is due to a trade-off between reproduction and immunity. Additionally, we report an extraordinary ability of the queens to tolerate an infection for long periods after parasite exposure. Our study suggests that there are no social immunity benefits for co-founding ant queens, but that in parasite-rich environments, the presence of additional queens may nevertheless improve the chances of colony founding success."}],"issue":"12","publist_id":"4649"},{"scopus_import":1,"day":"14","has_accepted_license":"1","publication":"BMC Evolutionary Biology","citation":{"mla":"Tragust, Simon, et al. “Pupal Cocoons Affect Sanitary Brood Care and Limit Fungal Infections in Ant Colonies.” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 13, no. 1, 225, BioMed Central, 2013, doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-225.","short":"S. Tragust, L.V. Ugelvig, M. Chapuisat, J. Heinze, S. Cremer, BMC Evolutionary Biology 13 (2013).","chicago":"Tragust, Simon, Line V Ugelvig, Michel Chapuisat, Jürgen Heinze, and Sylvia Cremer. “Pupal Cocoons Affect Sanitary Brood Care and Limit Fungal Infections in Ant Colonies.” BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-225.","ama":"Tragust S, Ugelvig LV, Chapuisat M, Heinze J, Cremer S. Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2013;13(1). doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-225","ista":"Tragust S, Ugelvig LV, Chapuisat M, Heinze J, Cremer S. 2013. Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13(1), 225.","ieee":"S. Tragust, L. V. Ugelvig, M. Chapuisat, J. Heinze, and S. Cremer, “Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies,” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 13, no. 1. BioMed Central, 2013.","apa":"Tragust, S., Ugelvig, L. V., Chapuisat, M., Heinze, J., & Cremer, S. (2013). Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-225"},"date_published":"2013-10-14T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Background: The brood of ants and other social insects is highly susceptible to pathogens, particularly those that penetrate the soft larval and pupal cuticle. We here test whether the presence of a pupal cocoon, which occurs in some ant species but not in others, affects the sanitary brood care and fungal infection patterns after exposure to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum. We use a) a comparative approach analysing four species with either naked or cocooned pupae and b) a within-species analysis of a single ant species, in which both pupal types co-exist in the same colony. Results: We found that the presence of a cocoon did not compromise fungal pathogen detection by the ants and that species with cocooned pupae increased brood grooming after pathogen exposure. All tested ant species further removed brood from their nests, which was predominantly expressed towards larvae and naked pupae treated with the live fungal pathogen. In contrast, cocooned pupae exposed to live fungus were not removed at higher rates than cocooned pupae exposed to dead fungus or a sham control. Consistent with this, exposure to the live fungus caused high numbers of infections and fungal outgrowth in larvae and naked pupae, but not in cocooned pupae. Moreover, the ants consistently removed the brood prior to fungal outgrowth, ensuring a clean brood chamber. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the pupal cocoon has a protective effect against fungal infection, causing an adaptive change in sanitary behaviours by the ants. It further demonstrates that brood removal-originally described for honeybees as "hygienic behaviour"-is a widespread sanitary behaviour in ants, which likely has important implications on disease dynamics in social insect colonies.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"1","title":"Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","intvolume":" 13","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"2284","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_size":281736,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2016-402-v1+1_1471-2148-13-225.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:37Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:13:41Z","checksum":"c16ef36f2a10786a7885e19c4528d707","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5026"}],"pubrep_id":"402","month":"10","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"243071","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1186/1471-2148-13-225","article_number":"225","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:37Z","publist_id":"4647","ec_funded":1,"publication_status":"published","publisher":"BioMed Central","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"year":"2013","acknowledgement":"The study was funded by the European Research Council (Marie Curie ERG 036569) and Marie Curie IEF 302204 to LVU\r\nCC BY 2.0\r\n","date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:07:06Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:56:46Z","volume":13,"author":[{"full_name":"Tragust, Simon","last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig"},{"full_name":"Chapuisat, Michel","last_name":"Chapuisat","first_name":"Michel"},{"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"9753","status":"public","relation":"research_data"}]}},{"year":"2013","acknowledgement":"Funding for this project was obtained by the German Research Foundation (DFG, to S.C.) and the European Research Council (ERC, through an ERC-Starting Grant to S.C. and an Individual Marie Curie IEF fellowship to L.V.U.).\r\nWe thank Jørgen Eilenberg, Bernhardt Steinwender, Miriam Stock, and Meghan L. Vyleta for the fungal strain and its characterization; Volker Witte for chemical information; Eva Sixt for ant drawings; and Robert Hauschild for help with image analysis. We further thank Martin Kaltenpoth, Michael Sixt, Jürgen Heinze, and Joachim Ruther for discussion and Daria Siekhaus, Sophie A.O. Armitage, and Leila Masri for comments on the manuscript. \r\n","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"},{"_id":"CaHe"}],"publisher":"Cell Press","publication_status":"published","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9757"},{"id":"961","status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Tragust, Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon"},{"id":"479DDAAC-E9CD-11E9-9B5F-82450873F7A1","last_name":"Mitteregger","first_name":"Barbara","full_name":"Mitteregger, Barbara"},{"last_name":"Barone","first_name":"Vanessa","orcid":"0000-0003-2676-3367","id":"419EECCC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Barone, Vanessa"},{"last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias"},{"first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"volume":23,"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:23Z","date_updated":"2023-09-07T12:05:08Z","publist_id":"3811","ec_funded":1,"project":[{"name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1"},{"grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Pathogen Detectors Collective disease defence and pathogen detection abilities in ant societies: a chemo-neuro-immunological approach","_id":"25DDF0F0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"302004"}],"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"01","_id":"2926","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":" 23","title":"Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison","status":"public","oa_version":"None","type":"journal_article","issue":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"To fight infectious diseases, host immune defenses are employed at multiple levels. Sanitary behavior, such as pathogen avoidance and removal, acts as a first line of defense to prevent infection [1] before activation of the physiological immune system. Insect societies have evolved a wide range of collective hygiene measures and intensive health care toward pathogen-exposed group members [2]. One of the most common behaviors is allogrooming, in which nestmates remove infectious particles from the body surfaces of exposed individuals [3]. Here we show that, in invasive garden ants, grooming of fungus-exposed brood is effective beyond the sheer mechanical removal of fungal conidiospores; it also includes chemical disinfection through the application of poison produced by the ants themselves. Formic acid is the main active component of the poison. It inhibits fungal growth of conidiospores remaining on the brood surface after grooming and also those collected in the mouth of the grooming ant. This dual function is achieved by uptake of the poison droplet into the mouth through acidopore self-grooming and subsequent application onto the infectious brood via brood grooming. This extraordinary behavior extends the current understanding of grooming and the establishment of social immunity in insect societies."}],"citation":{"short":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, Current Biology 23 (2013) 76–82.","mla":"Tragust, Simon, et al. “Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison.” Current Biology, vol. 23, no. 1, Cell Press, 2013, pp. 76–82, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034.","chicago":"Tragust, Simon, Barbara Mitteregger, Vanessa Barone, Matthias Konrad, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison.” Current Biology. Cell Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034.","ama":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Current Biology. 2013;23(1):76-82. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034","apa":"Tragust, S., Mitteregger, B., Barone, V., Konrad, M., Ugelvig, L. V., & Cremer, S. (2013). Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034","ieee":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L. V. Ugelvig, and S. Cremer, “Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison,” Current Biology, vol. 23, no. 1. Cell Press, pp. 76–82, 2013.","ista":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2013. Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Current Biology. 23(1), 76–82."},"publication":"Current Biology","page":"76 - 82","date_published":"2013-01-07T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":1,"day":"07"},{"page":"1300 - 1312","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"short":"L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, Functional Ecology 26 (2012) 1300–1312.","mla":"Ugelvig, Line V., and Sylvia Cremer. “Effects of Social Immunity and Unicoloniality on Host Parasite Interactions in Invasive Insect Societies.” Functional Ecology, vol. 26, no. 6, Wiley-Blackwell, 2012, pp. 1300–12, doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12013.","chicago":"Ugelvig, Line V, and Sylvia Cremer. “Effects of Social Immunity and Unicoloniality on Host Parasite Interactions in Invasive Insect Societies.” Functional Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12013.","ama":"Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies. Functional Ecology. 2012;26(6):1300-1312. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12013","ieee":"L. V. Ugelvig and S. Cremer, “Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies,” Functional Ecology, vol. 26, no. 6. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1300–1312, 2012.","apa":"Ugelvig, L. V., & Cremer, S. (2012). Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies. Functional Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12013","ista":"Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies. Functional Ecology. 26(6), 1300–1312."},"publication":"Functional Ecology","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.12013","scopus_import":1,"day":"01","month":"01","intvolume":" 26","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"status":"public","publication_status":"published","title":"Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"2938","acknowledgement":"We thank Mark Brown, Christopher Pull, Meghan L. Vyleta, Miriam Stock, Barbara Casillas-Perez and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript and Eva Sixt for ant drawings. Funding was obtained from the German Science Foundation (DFG, by an Individual Research Grant to S.C.) and the European Research Council (ERC, by an ERC-Starting Grant to SC and an Individual Marie Curie EIF fellowship to L.desU.). The authors declare no conflict of interests.","year":"2012","volume":26,"oa_version":"None","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:27Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:39:54Z","author":[{"last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"type":"journal_article","publist_id":"3797","issue":"6","abstract":[{"text":"Social insects have a very high potential to become invasive pest species. Here, we explore how their social lifestyle and their interaction with parasites may contribute to this invasive success. Similar to solitary species, parasite release followed by the evolution of increased competitive ability can promote establishment of introduced social insect hosts in their introduced range. Genetic bottlenecks during introduction of low numbers of founder individuals decrease the genetic diversity at three levels: the population, the colony and the individual, with the colony level being specific to social insects. Reduced genetic diversity can affect both the individual immune system and the collective colony-level disease defences (social immunity). Still, the dual immune system is likely to make social insects more robust to parasite attack. Changes in social structure from small, family-based, territorially aggressive societies in native populations towards huge networks of cooperating nests (unicoloniality) occur in some invasive social insects, for example, most invasive ants and some termites. Unicoloniality is likely to affect disease dynamics in multiple ways. The free exchange of individuals within the population leads to an increased genetic heterogeneity among individuals of a single nest, thereby decreasing disease transmission. However, the multitude of reproductively active queens per colony buffers the effect of individual diseased queens and their offspring, which may result in a higher level of vertical disease transmission in unicolonial societies. Lastly, unicoloniality provides a competitive advantage over native species, allowing them to quickly become the dominant species in the habitat, which in turn selects for parasite adaptation to this common host genotype and thus eventually a high parasite pressure. Overall, invasions by insect societies are characterized by general features applying to all introduced species, as well as idiosyncrasies that emerge from their social lifestyle. It is important to study these effects in concert to be able to develop efficient management and biocontrol strategies. © 2012 British Ecological Society.","lang":"eng"}]},{"month":"06","doi":"10.1186/1472-6785-12-7","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"quality_controlled":"1","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:57Z","publist_id":"3753","article_number":"7","author":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Suefuji, Masaki","last_name":"Suefuji","first_name":"Masaki"},{"last_name":"Schrempf","first_name":"Alexandra","full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra"},{"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:35Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:40:07Z","volume":12,"year":"2012","publication_status":"published","publisher":"BioMed Central","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"day":"15","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":1,"date_published":"2012-06-15T00:00:00Z","publication":"BMC Ecology","citation":{"short":"S. Cremer, M. Suefuji, A. Schrempf, J. Heinze, BMC Ecology 12 (2012).","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia, et al. “The Dynamics of Male-Male Competition in Cardiocondyla Obscurior Ants.” BMC Ecology, vol. 12, 7, BioMed Central, 2012, doi:10.1186/1472-6785-12-7.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia, Masaki Suefuji, Alexandra Schrempf, and Jürgen Heinze. “The Dynamics of Male-Male Competition in Cardiocondyla Obscurior Ants.” BMC Ecology. BioMed Central, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-12-7.","ama":"Cremer S, Suefuji M, Schrempf A, Heinze J. The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants. BMC Ecology. 2012;12. doi:10.1186/1472-6785-12-7","apa":"Cremer, S., Suefuji, M., Schrempf, A., & Heinze, J. (2012). The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants. BMC Ecology. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-12-7","ieee":"S. Cremer, M. Suefuji, A. Schrempf, and J. Heinze, “The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants,” BMC Ecology, vol. 12. BioMed Central, 2012.","ista":"Cremer S, Suefuji M, Schrempf A, Heinze J. 2012. The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants. BMC Ecology. 12, 7."},"abstract":[{"text":"Background: The outcome of male-male competition can be predicted from the relative fighting qualities of the opponents, which often depend on their age. In insects, freshly emerged and still sexually inactive males are morphologically indistinct from older, sexually active males. These young inactive males may thus be easy targets for older males if they cannot conceal themselves from their attacks. The ant Cardiocondyla obscurior is characterised by lethal fighting between wingless (" ergatoid" ) males. Here, we analyse for how long young males are defenceless after eclosion, and how early adult males can detect the presence of rival males.Results: We found that old ergatoid males consistently won fights against ergatoid males younger than two days. Old males did not differentiate between different types of unpigmented pupae several days before emergence, but had more frequent contact to ready-to-eclose pupae of female sexuals and winged males than of workers and ergatoid males. In rare cases, old ergatoid males displayed alleviated biting of pigmented ergatoid male pupae shortly before adult eclosion, as well as copulation attempts to dark pupae of female sexuals and winged males. Ergatoid male behaviour may be promoted by a closer similarity of the chemical profile of ready-to-eclose pupae to the profile of adults than that of young pupae several days prior to emergence.Conclusion: Young ergatoid males of C. obscurior would benefit greatly by hiding their identity from older, resident males, as they are highly vulnerable during the first two days of their adult lives. In contrast to the winged males of the same species, which are able to prevent ergatoid male attacks by chemical female mimicry, young ergatoids do not seem to be able to produce a protective chemical profile. Conflicts in male-male competition between ergatoid males of different age thus seem to be resolved in favour of the older males. This might represent selection at the colony level rather than the individual level. © 2012 Cremer et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","pubrep_id":"94","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_name":"IST-2012-94-v1+1_1472-6785-12-7.pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"system","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":489994,"file_id":"4706","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:57Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:08:44Z","checksum":"03d004bdff3724fb1627e3f5004bad80"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"2966","title":"The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","intvolume":" 12"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Reproductive division of labour is a characteristic trait of social insects. The dominant reproductive individual, often the queen, uses chemical communication and/or behaviour to maintain her social status. Queens of many social insects communicate their fertility status via cuticle-bound substances. As these substances usually possess a low volatility, their range in queen–worker communication is potentially limited. Here, we investigate the range and impact of behavioural and chemical queen signals on workers of the ant Temnothorax longispinosus. We compared the behaviour and ovary development of workers subjected to three different treatments: workers with direct chemical and physical contact to the queen, those solely under the influence of volatile queen substances and those entirely separated from the queen. In addition to short-ranged queen signals preventing ovary development in workers, we discovered a novel secondary pathway influencing worker behaviour. Workers with no physical contact to the queen, but exposed to volatile substances, started to develop their ovaries, but did not change their behaviour compared to workers in direct contact to the queen. In contrast, workers in queen-separated groups showed both increased ovary development and aggressive dominance interactions. We conclude that T. longispinosus queens influence worker ovary development and behaviour via two independent signals, both ensuring social harmony within the colony."}],"publist_id":"3565","issue":"8","type":"journal_article","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:41:17Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:34Z","oa_version":"None","volume":99,"author":[{"id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias"},{"first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Pamminger","full_name":"Pamminger, Tobias"},{"last_name":"Foitzik","first_name":"Susanne","full_name":"Foitzik, Susanne"}],"title":"Two pathways ensuring social harmony","status":"public","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Springer","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"intvolume":" 99","_id":"3132","acknowledgement":"We like to thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers for their time and constructive criticism and Inon Scharf, Volker Witte and Andreas Modlmeier for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. The first and second authors appear in alphabetical order and contributed equally to this paper.","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2012","month":"08","day":"01","scopus_import":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z","quality_controlled":"1","page":"627 - 636","publication":"Naturwissenschaften","citation":{"ama":"Konrad M, Pamminger T, Foitzik S. Two pathways ensuring social harmony. Naturwissenschaften. 2012;99(8):627-636. doi:10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z","ista":"Konrad M, Pamminger T, Foitzik S. 2012. Two pathways ensuring social harmony. Naturwissenschaften. 99(8), 627–636.","apa":"Konrad, M., Pamminger, T., & Foitzik, S. (2012). Two pathways ensuring social harmony. Naturwissenschaften. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z","ieee":"M. Konrad, T. Pamminger, and S. Foitzik, “Two pathways ensuring social harmony,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 99, no. 8. Springer, pp. 627–636, 2012.","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. “Two Pathways Ensuring Social Harmony.” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 99, no. 8, Springer, 2012, pp. 627–36, doi:10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z.","short":"M. Konrad, T. Pamminger, S. Foitzik, Naturwissenschaften 99 (2012) 627–636.","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Tobias Pamminger, and Susanne Foitzik. “Two Pathways Ensuring Social Harmony.” Naturwissenschaften. Springer, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z."}},{"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0036044","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"05","year":"2012","acknowledgement":"Supported by National Institutes of Health grants GM071338 (ML) and AI059355 (BM).\r\nWe acknowledge the expertise of Dr. Martina Ralle in Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at OHSU for measurements of potassium using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.","publisher":"Public Library of Science","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Vyleta","first_name":"Meghan","id":"418901AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Vyleta, Meghan"},{"first_name":"John","last_name":"Wong","full_name":"Wong, John"},{"first_name":"Bruce","last_name":"Magun","full_name":"Magun, Bruce"}],"volume":7,"date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:41:29Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:45Z","article_number":"e36044","publist_id":"3526","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:01Z","citation":{"ama":"Vyleta M, Wong J, Magun B. Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PLoS One. 2012;7(5). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036044","ista":"Vyleta M, Wong J, Magun B. 2012. Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PLoS One. 7(5), e36044.","apa":"Vyleta, M., Wong, J., & Magun, B. (2012). Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PLoS One. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036044","ieee":"M. Vyleta, J. Wong, and B. Magun, “Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,” PLoS One, vol. 7, no. 5. Public Library of Science, 2012.","mla":"Vyleta, Meghan, et al. “Suppression of Ribosomal Function Triggers Innate Immune Signaling through Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.” PLoS One, vol. 7, no. 5, e36044, Public Library of Science, 2012, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036044.","short":"M. Vyleta, J. Wong, B. Magun, PLoS One 7 (2012).","chicago":"Vyleta, Meghan, John Wong, and Bruce Magun. “Suppression of Ribosomal Function Triggers Innate Immune Signaling through Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.” PLoS One. Public Library of Science, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036044."},"publication":"PLoS One","date_published":"2012-05-14T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","day":"14","_id":"3161","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":" 7","title":"Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome","ddc":["610"],"status":"public","pubrep_id":"97","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"checksum":"30cef37e27eaa467f6571b3640282010","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:01Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:30Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5082","file_size":2984012,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"system","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2012-97-v1+1_journal.pone.0036044.pdf"}],"type":"journal_article","issue":"5","abstract":[{"text":"Some inflammatory stimuli trigger activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inducing efflux of cellular potassium. Loss of cellular potassium is known to potently suppress protein synthesis, leading us to test whether the inhibition of protein synthesis itself serves as an activating signal for the NLRP3 inflammasome. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages, either primed by LPS or unprimed, were exposed to a panel of inhibitors of ribosomal function: ricin, cycloheximide, puromycin, pactamycin, and anisomycin. Macrophages were also exposed to nigericin, ATP, monosodium urate (MSU), and poly I:C. Synthesis of pro-IL-ß and release of IL-1ß from cells in response to these agents was detected by immunoblotting and ELISA. Release of intracellular potassium was measured by mass spectrometry. Inhibition of translation by each of the tested translation inhibitors led to processing of IL-1ß, which was released from cells. Processing and release of IL-1ß was reduced or absent from cells deficient in NLRP3, ASC, or caspase-1, demonstrating the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Despite the inability of these inhibitors to trigger efflux of intracellular potassium, the addition of high extracellular potassium suppressed activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. MSU and double-stranded RNA, which are known to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, also substantially inhibited protein translation, supporting a close association between inhibition of translation and inflammasome activation. These data demonstrate that translational inhibition itself constitutes a heretofore-unrecognized mechanism underlying IL-1ß dependent inflammatory signaling and that other physical, chemical, or pathogen-associated agents that impair translation may lead to IL-1ß-dependent inflammation through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. For agents that inhibit translation through decreased cellular potassium, the application of high extracellular potassium restores protein translation and suppresses activation of the NLRP inflammasome. For agents that inhibit translation through mechanisms that do not involve loss of potassium, high extracellular potassium suppresses IL-1ß processing through a mechanism that remains undefined.","lang":"eng"}]},{"abstract":[{"text":"Dispersal is crucial for gene flow and often determines the long-term stability of meta-populations, particularly in rare species with specialized life cycles. Such species are often foci of conservation efforts because they suffer disproportionally from degradation and fragmentation of their habitat. However, detailed knowledge of effective gene flow through dispersal is often missing, so that conservation strategies have to be based on mark-recapture observations that are suspected to be poor predictors of long-distance dispersal. These constraints have been especially severe in the study of butterfly populations, where microsatellite markers have been difficult to develop. We used eight microsatellite markers to analyse genetic population structure of the Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion in Sweden. During recent decades, this species has become an icon of insect conservation after massive decline throughout Europe and extinction in Britain followed by reintroduction of a seed population from the Swedish island of Öland. We find that populations are highly structured genetically, but that gene flow occurs over distances 15 times longer than the maximum distance recorded from mark-recapture studies, which can only be explained by maximum dispersal distances at least twice as large as previously accepted. However, we also find evidence that gaps between sites with suitable habitat exceeding ∼ 20 km induce genetic erosion that can be detected from bottleneck analyses. Although further work is needed, our results suggest that M. arion can maintain fully functional metapopulations when they consist of optimal habitat patches that are no further apart than ∼10 km.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"13","publist_id":"3538","type":"journal_article","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"first_name":"Anne","last_name":"Andersen","full_name":"Andersen, Anne"},{"full_name":"Boomsma, Jacobus","last_name":"Boomsma","first_name":"Jacobus"},{"first_name":"David","last_name":"Nash","full_name":"Nash, David"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:43Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:41:27Z","volume":21,"oa_version":"None","_id":"3156","year":"2012","acknowledgement":"The work was financed by the Danish National Science Research Foundation via a grant to the Centre for Social Evolution.\r\nWe thank four anonymous reviewers for useful comments on the manuscript, J. Bergsten, P. Bina, B. Carlsson, M. Johannesson and A.E. Lomborg for providing additional wingtip samples, A. Illum for assistance in the field, and in particular P.S. Nielsen for mediating the contact to the collectors and the Swedish authorities. Collection was made possible through a permit by the Åtgärdsprogrammet, supported by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication_status":"published","status":"public","title":"Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion","intvolume":" 21","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","day":"01","month":"07","scopus_import":1,"date_published":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Molecular Ecology","citation":{"chicago":"Ugelvig, Line V, Anne Andersen, Jacobus Boomsma, and David Nash. “Dispersal and Gene Flow in the Rare Parasitic Large Blue Butterfly Maculinea Arion.” Molecular Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x.","mla":"Ugelvig, Line V., et al. “Dispersal and Gene Flow in the Rare Parasitic Large Blue Butterfly Maculinea Arion.” Molecular Ecology, vol. 21, no. 13, Wiley-Blackwell, 2012, pp. 3224–36, doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x.","short":"L.V. Ugelvig, A. Andersen, J. Boomsma, D. Nash, Molecular Ecology 21 (2012) 3224–3236.","ista":"Ugelvig LV, Andersen A, Boomsma J, Nash D. 2012. Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion. Molecular Ecology. 21(13), 3224–3236.","apa":"Ugelvig, L. V., Andersen, A., Boomsma, J., & Nash, D. (2012). Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion. Molecular Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x","ieee":"L. V. Ugelvig, A. Andersen, J. Boomsma, and D. Nash, “Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion,” Molecular Ecology, vol. 21, no. 13. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 3224–3236, 2012.","ama":"Ugelvig LV, Andersen A, Boomsma J, Nash D. Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion. Molecular Ecology. 2012;21(13):3224-3236. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x"},"quality_controlled":"1","page":"3224 - 3236"},{"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"3242","intvolume":" 10","ddc":["570","579"],"title":"Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies","status":"public","pubrep_id":"96","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2012-96-v1+1_journal.pbio.1001300.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":674228,"creator":"system","relation":"main_file","file_id":"4689","checksum":"4ebacefd9fbab5c68adf829124115fd1","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:08:28Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:04Z"}],"type":"journal_article","issue":"4","abstract":[{"text":"Due to the omnipresent risk of epidemics, insect societies have evolved sophisticated disease defences at the individual and colony level. An intriguing yet little understood phenomenon is that social contact to pathogen-exposed individuals reduces susceptibility of previously naive nestmates to this pathogen. We tested whether such social immunisation in Lasius ants against the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is based on active upregulation of the immune system of nestmates following contact to an infectious individual or passive protection via transfer of immune effectors among group members—that is, active versus passive immunisation. We found no evidence for involvement of passive immunisation via transfer of antimicrobials among colony members. Instead, intensive allogrooming behaviour between naive and pathogen-exposed ants before fungal conidia firmly attached to their cuticle suggested passage of the pathogen from the exposed individuals to their nestmates. By tracing fluorescence-labelled conidia we indeed detected frequent pathogen transfer to the nestmates, where they caused low-level infections as revealed by growth of small numbers of fungal colony forming units from their dissected body content. These infections rarely led to death, but instead promoted an enhanced ability to inhibit fungal growth and an active upregulation of immune genes involved in antifungal defences (defensin and prophenoloxidase, PPO). Contrarily, there was no upregulation of the gene cathepsin L, which is associated with antibacterial and antiviral defences, and we found no increased antibacterial activity of nestmates of fungus-exposed ants. This indicates that social immunisation after fungal exposure is specific, similar to recent findings for individual-level immune priming in invertebrates. Epidemiological modeling further suggests that active social immunisation is adaptive, as it leads to faster elimination of the disease and lower death rates than passive immunisation. Interestingly, humans have also utilised the protective effect of low-level infections to fight smallpox by intentional transfer of low pathogen doses (“variolation” or “inoculation”).","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"ista":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, Stock M, Tragust S, Klatt M, Drescher V, Marr C, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. PLoS Biology. 10(4), e1001300.","ieee":"M. Konrad et al., “Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies,” PLoS Biology, vol. 10, no. 4. Public Library of Science, 2012.","apa":"Konrad, M., Vyleta, M., Theis, F., Stock, M., Tragust, S., Klatt, M., … Cremer, S. (2012). Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300","ama":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, et al. Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. PLoS Biology. 2012;10(4). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Meghan Vyleta, Fabian Theis, Miriam Stock, Simon Tragust, Martina Klatt, Verena Drescher, Carsten Marr, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300.","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. “Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies.” PLoS Biology, vol. 10, no. 4, e1001300, Public Library of Science, 2012, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300.","short":"M. Konrad, M. Vyleta, F. Theis, M. Stock, S. Tragust, M. Klatt, V. Drescher, C. Marr, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, PLoS Biology 10 (2012)."},"publication":"PLoS Biology","date_published":"2012-04-03T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","day":"03","acknowledgement":"Funding for this project was obtained by the German Research Foundation DFG (http://www.dfg.de/en/index.jsp) as an Individual Research Grant (CR118/2-1 to SC) and the European Research Council (http://erc.europa.eu/) in form of two ERC Starting Grants (ERC-2009-StG240371-SocialVaccines to SC and ERC-2010-StG259294-LatentCauses to FJT). In addition, the Junge Akademie (Young Academy of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (http://www.diejungeakademie.de/english/index.html) funded this joint Antnet project of SC and FJT. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","year":"2012","publisher":"Public Library of Science","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publication_status":"published","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"9755","relation":"research_data","status":"public"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Konrad","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Meghan","last_name":"Vyleta","id":"418901AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Vyleta, Meghan"},{"last_name":"Theis","first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Theis, Fabian"},{"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Stock","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Stock, Miriam"},{"full_name":"Tragust, Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon"},{"id":"E60F29C6-E9AE-11E9-AF6E-D190C7302F38","first_name":"Martina","last_name":"Klatt","full_name":"Klatt, Martina"},{"first_name":"Verena","last_name":"Drescher","full_name":"Drescher, Verena"},{"full_name":"Marr, Carsten","first_name":"Carsten","last_name":"Marr"},{"first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"volume":10,"date_updated":"2023-02-23T14:07:11Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:02:13Z","article_number":"e1001300","publist_id":"3434","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:04Z","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"oa":1,"project":[{"name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1"},{"_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"243071","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"name":"Antnet","_id":"25E0E184-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"04"},{"date_created":"2021-07-30T08:39:13Z","date_updated":"2023-02-23T11:18:41Z","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Konrad","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Vyleta, Meghan","last_name":"Vyleta","first_name":"Meghan","id":"418901AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Theis, Fabian","last_name":"Theis","first_name":"Fabian"},{"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Stock","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Stock, Miriam"},{"id":"E60F29C6-E9AE-11E9-AF6E-D190C7302F38","first_name":"Martina","last_name":"Klatt","full_name":"Klatt, Martina"},{"full_name":"Drescher, Verena","first_name":"Verena","last_name":"Drescher"},{"full_name":"Marr, Carsten","first_name":"Carsten","last_name":"Marr"},{"id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public","id":"3242"}]},"status":"public","title":"Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Dryad","year":"2012","_id":"9755","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","abstract":[{"text":"Due to the omnipresent risk of epidemics, insect societies have evolved sophisticated disease defences at the individual and colony level. An intriguing yet little understood phenomenon is that social contact to pathogen-exposed individuals reduces susceptibility of previously naive nestmates to this pathogen. We tested whether such social immunisation in Lasius ants against the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is based on active upregulation of the immune system of nestmates following contact to an infectious individual or passive protection via transfer of immune effectors among group members—that is, active versus passive immunisation. We found no evidence for involvement of passive immunisation via transfer of antimicrobials among colony members. Instead, intensive allogrooming behaviour between naive and pathogen-exposed ants before fungal conidia firmly attached to their cuticle suggested passage of the pathogen from the exposed individuals to their nestmates. By tracing fluorescence-labelled conidia we indeed detected frequent pathogen transfer to the nestmates, where they caused low-level infections as revealed by growth of small numbers of fungal colony forming units from their dissected body content. These infections rarely led to death, but instead promoted an enhanced ability to inhibit fungal growth and an active upregulation of immune genes involved in antifungal defences (defensin and prophenoloxidase, PPO). Contrarily, there was no upregulation of the gene cathepsin L, which is associated with antibacterial and antiviral defences, and we found no increased antibacterial activity of nestmates of fungus-exposed ants. This indicates that social immunisation after fungal exposure is specific, similar to recent findings for individual-level immune priming in invertebrates. Epidemiological modeling further suggests that active social immunisation is adaptive, as it leads to faster elimination of the disease and lower death rates than passive immunisation. Interestingly, humans have also utilised the protective effect of low-level infections to fight smallpox by intentional transfer of low pathogen doses (“variolation” or “inoculation”).","lang":"eng"}],"type":"research_data_reference","date_published":"2012-09-27T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/dryad.sv37s","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sv37s","open_access":"1"}],"oa":1,"citation":{"ama":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, et al. Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. 2012. doi:10.5061/dryad.sv37s","ista":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, Stock M, Klatt M, Drescher V, Marr C, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.sv37s.","ieee":"M. Konrad et al., “Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies.” Dryad, 2012.","apa":"Konrad, M., Vyleta, M., Theis, F., Stock, M., Klatt, M., Drescher, V., … Cremer, S. (2012). Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sv37s","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. Data from: Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies. Dryad, 2012, doi:10.5061/dryad.sv37s.","short":"M. Konrad, M. Vyleta, F. Theis, M. Stock, M. Klatt, V. Drescher, C. Marr, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, (2012).","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Meghan Vyleta, Fabian Theis, Miriam Stock, Martina Klatt, Verena Drescher, Carsten Marr, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies.” Dryad, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sv37s."},"month":"09","day":"27","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"oa_version":"Published Version","date_updated":"2023-02-23T11:04:28Z","date_created":"2021-07-30T12:31:31Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"2926","relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Tragust, Simon","last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"479DDAAC-E9CD-11E9-9B5F-82450873F7A1","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Mitteregger","full_name":"Mitteregger, Barbara"},{"full_name":"Barone, Vanessa","orcid":"0000-0003-2676-3367","id":"419EECCC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Barone","first_name":"Vanessa"},{"full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias"},{"first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Dryad","title":"Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison","status":"public","year":"2012","_id":"9757","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","abstract":[{"text":"To fight infectious diseases, host immune defences are employed at multiple levels. Sanitary behaviour, such as pathogen avoidance and removal, acts as a first line of defence to prevent infection [1] before activation of the physiological immune system. Insect societies have evolved a wide range of collective hygiene measures and intensive health care towards pathogen-exposed group members [2]. One of the most common behaviours is allogrooming, in which nestmates remove infectious particles from the body surfaces of exposed individuals [3]. Here we show that, in invasive garden ants, grooming of fungus-exposed brood is effective beyond the sheer mechanical removal of fungal conidiospores as it also includes chemical disinfection through the application of poison produced by the ants themselves. Formic acid is the main active component of the poison. It inhibits fungal growth of conidiospores remaining on the brood surface after grooming and also those collected in the mouth of the grooming ant. This dual function is achieved by uptake of the poison droplet into the mouth through acidopore self-grooming and subsequent application onto the infectious brood via brood grooming. This extraordinary behaviour extends current understanding of grooming and the establishment of social immunity in insect societies.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"research_data_reference","date_published":"2012-12-14T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.5061/dryad.61649","oa":1,"citation":{"ista":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.61649.","ieee":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L. V. Ugelvig, and S. Cremer, “Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison.” Dryad, 2012.","apa":"Tragust, S., Mitteregger, B., Barone, V., Konrad, M., Ugelvig, L. V., & Cremer, S. (2012). Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.61649","ama":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. 2012. doi:10.5061/dryad.61649","chicago":"Tragust, Simon, Barbara Mitteregger, Vanessa Barone, Matthias Konrad, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison.” Dryad, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.61649.","mla":"Tragust, Simon, et al. Data from: Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison. Dryad, 2012, doi:10.5061/dryad.61649.","short":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, (2012)."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.61649","open_access":"1"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"14","month":"12"},{"month":"07","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1186/1471-2148-11-201","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"201","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:11Z","publist_id":"3220","year":"2011","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"BioMed Central","author":[{"full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Nielsen, Per","first_name":"Per","last_name":"Nielsen"},{"full_name":"Boomsma, Jacobus","last_name":"Boomsma","first_name":"Jacobus"},{"full_name":"Nash, David","first_name":"David","last_name":"Nash"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:03Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:43:08Z","volume":11,"scopus_import":1,"day":"11","has_accepted_license":"1","publication":"BMC Evolutionary Biology","citation":{"short":"L.V. Ugelvig, P. Nielsen, J. Boomsma, D. Nash, BMC Evolutionary Biology 11 (2011).","mla":"Ugelvig, Line V., et al. “Reconstructing Eight Decades of Genetic Variation in an Isolated Danish Population of the Large Blue Butterfly Maculinea Arion.” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 11, no. 201, 201, BioMed Central, 2011, doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-201.","chicago":"Ugelvig, Line V, Per Nielsen, Jacobus Boomsma, and David Nash. “Reconstructing Eight Decades of Genetic Variation in an Isolated Danish Population of the Large Blue Butterfly Maculinea Arion.” BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-201.","ama":"Ugelvig LV, Nielsen P, Boomsma J, Nash D. Reconstructing eight decades of genetic variation in an isolated Danish population of the large blue butterfly Maculinea arion. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2011;11(201). doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-201","ieee":"L. V. Ugelvig, P. Nielsen, J. Boomsma, and D. Nash, “Reconstructing eight decades of genetic variation in an isolated Danish population of the large blue butterfly Maculinea arion,” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 11, no. 201. BioMed Central, 2011.","apa":"Ugelvig, L. V., Nielsen, P., Boomsma, J., & Nash, D. (2011). Reconstructing eight decades of genetic variation in an isolated Danish population of the large blue butterfly Maculinea arion. BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-201","ista":"Ugelvig LV, Nielsen P, Boomsma J, Nash D. 2011. Reconstructing eight decades of genetic variation in an isolated Danish population of the large blue butterfly Maculinea arion. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11(201), 201."},"date_published":"2011-07-11T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Background: Fragmentation of terrestrial ecosystems has had detrimental effects on metapopulations of habitat specialists. Maculinea butterflies have been particularly affected because of their specialized lifecycles, requiring both specific food-plants and host-ants. However, the interaction between dispersal, effective population size, and long-term genetic erosion of these endangered butterflies remains unknown. Using non-destructive sampling, we investigated the genetic diversity of the last extant population of M. arion in Denmark, which experienced critically low numbers in the 1980s. Results: Using nine microsatellite markers, we show that the population is genetically impoverished compared to nearby populations in Sweden, but less so than monitoring programs suggested. Ten additional short repeat microsatellites were used to reconstruct changes in genetic diversity and population structure over the last 77 years from museum specimens. We also tested amplification efficiency in such historical samples as a function of repeat length and sample age. Low population numbers in the 1980s did not affect genetic diversity, but considerable turnover of alleles has characterized this population throughout the time-span of our analysis. Conclusions: Our results suggest that M. arion is less sensitive to genetic erosion via population bottlenecks than previously thought, and that managing clusters of high quality habitat may be key for long-term conservation."}],"issue":"201","_id":"3388","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Reconstructing eight decades of genetic variation in an isolated Danish population of the large blue butterfly Maculinea arion","status":"public","ddc":["576"],"intvolume":" 11","pubrep_id":"371","file":[{"creator":"system","file_size":2166556,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"IST-2015-371-v1+1_1471-2148-11-201.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:11Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:18Z","checksum":"9ebfed0740f1fa071d02ec32c2b8c17f","file_id":"5069","relation":"main_file"}],"oa_version":"Published Version"},{"month":"04","day":"21","scopus_import":1,"doi":"10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02278.x","date_published":"2011-04-21T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","citation":{"mla":"Schrempf, Alexandra, et al. “Social Influence on Age and Reproduction Reduced Lifespan and Fecundity in Multi Queen Ant Colonies.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 24, no. 7, Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, pp. 1455–61, doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02278.x.","short":"A. Schrempf, S. Cremer, J. Heinze, Journal of Evolutionary Biology 24 (2011) 1455–1461.","chicago":"Schrempf, Alexandra, Sylvia Cremer, and Jürgen Heinze. “Social Influence on Age and Reproduction Reduced Lifespan and Fecundity in Multi Queen Ant Colonies.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02278.x.","ama":"Schrempf A, Cremer S, Heinze J. Social influence on age and reproduction reduced lifespan and fecundity in multi queen ant colonies. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2011;24(7):1455-1461. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02278.x","ista":"Schrempf A, Cremer S, Heinze J. 2011. Social influence on age and reproduction reduced lifespan and fecundity in multi queen ant colonies. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 24(7), 1455–1461.","apa":"Schrempf, A., Cremer, S., & Heinze, J. (2011). Social influence on age and reproduction reduced lifespan and fecundity in multi queen ant colonies. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02278.x","ieee":"A. Schrempf, S. Cremer, and J. Heinze, “Social influence on age and reproduction reduced lifespan and fecundity in multi queen ant colonies,” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 24, no. 7. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1455–1461, 2011."},"quality_controlled":"1","page":"1455 - 1461","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Evolutionary theories of ageing predict that life span increases with decreasing extrinsic mortality, and life span variation among queens in ant species seems to corroborate this prediction: queens, which are the only reproductive in a colony, live much longer than queens in multi-queen colonies. The latter often inhabit ephemeral nest sites and accordingly are assumed to experience a higher mortality risk. Yet, all prior studies compared queens from different single- and multi-queen species. Here, we demonstrate an effect of queen number on longevity and fecundity within a single, socially plastic species, where queens experience the similar level of extrinsic mortality. Queens from single- and two-queen colonies had significantly longer lifespan and higher fecundity than queens living in associations of eight queens. As queens also differ neither in morphology nor the mode of colony foundation, our study shows that the social environment itself strongly affects ageing rate."}],"publist_id":"3221","issue":"7","type":"journal_article","author":[{"full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra","last_name":"Schrempf","first_name":"Alexandra"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"},{"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:02Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:43:08Z","volume":24,"oa_version":"None","year":"2011","_id":"3386","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","publication_status":"published","title":"Social influence on age and reproduction reduced lifespan and fecundity in multi queen ant colonies","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"intvolume":" 24"},{"article_number":"e17323","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:12Z","publist_id":"3059","year":"2011","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the German Science Foundation (www.dfg.de, He 1623/23).","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Public Library of Science","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"},{"last_name":"Schrempf","first_name":"Alexandra","full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","first_name":"Jürgen"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:07Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:43:12Z","volume":6,"month":"03","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0017323","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Context-dependent adjustment of mating tactics can drastically increase the mating success of behaviourally flexible animals. We used the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior as a model system to study adaptive adjustment of male mating tactics. This species shows a male diphenism of wingless fighter males and peaceful winged males. Whereas the wingless males stay and exclusively mate in the maternal colony, the mating behaviour of winged males is plastic. They copulate with female sexuals in their natal nests early in life but later disperse in search for sexuals outside. In this study, we observed the nest-leaving behaviour of winged males under different conditions and found that they adaptively adjust the timing of their dispersal to the availability of mating partners, as well as the presence, and even the type of competitors in their natal nests. In colonies with virgin female queens winged males stayed longest when they were the only male in the nest. They left earlier when mating partners were not available or when other males were present. In the presence of wingless, locally mating fighter males, winged males dispersed earlier than in the presence of docile, winged competitors. This suggests that C. obscurior males are capable of estimating their local breeding chances and adaptively adjust their dispersal behaviour in both an opportunistic and a risk-sensitive way, thus showing hitherto unknown behavioural plasticity in social insect males."}],"issue":"3","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"3399","title":"Competition and opportunity shape the reproductive tactics of males in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior","status":"public","ddc":["576"],"intvolume":" 6","pubrep_id":"377","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2015-377-v1+1_journal.pone.0017323.pdf","creator":"system","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":147367,"file_id":"5162","relation":"main_file","checksum":"46f8cbde61f06fcacf8fa297cacfa0e5","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:12Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:15:40Z"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":1,"day":"29","has_accepted_license":"1","publication":"PLoS One","citation":{"apa":"Cremer, S., Schrempf, A., & Heinze, J. (2011). Competition and opportunity shape the reproductive tactics of males in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior. PLoS One. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017323","ieee":"S. Cremer, A. Schrempf, and J. Heinze, “Competition and opportunity shape the reproductive tactics of males in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior,” PLoS One, vol. 6, no. 3. Public Library of Science, 2011.","ista":"Cremer S, Schrempf A, Heinze J. 2011. Competition and opportunity shape the reproductive tactics of males in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior. PLoS One. 6(3), e17323.","ama":"Cremer S, Schrempf A, Heinze J. Competition and opportunity shape the reproductive tactics of males in the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior. PLoS One. 2011;6(3). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017323","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia, Alexandra Schrempf, and Jürgen Heinze. “Competition and Opportunity Shape the Reproductive Tactics of Males in the Ant Cardiocondyla Obscurior.” PLoS One. Public Library of Science, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017323.","short":"S. Cremer, A. Schrempf, J. Heinze, PLoS One 6 (2011).","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia, et al. “Competition and Opportunity Shape the Reproductive Tactics of Males in the Ant Cardiocondyla Obscurior.” PLoS One, vol. 6, no. 3, e17323, Public Library of Science, 2011, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017323."},"date_published":"2011-03-29T00:00:00Z"}]