TY - JOUR AB - Lesion and electrode location verification are traditionally done via histological examination of stained brain slices, a time-consuming procedure that requires manual estimation. Here, we describe a simple, straightforward method for quantifying lesions and locating electrodes in the brain that is less laborious and yields more detailed results. Whole brains are stained with osmium tetroxide, embedded in resin, and imaged with a micro-CT scanner. The scans result in 3D digital volumes of the brains with resolutions and virtual section thicknesses dependent on the sample size (12-15 and 5-6 µm per voxel for rat and zebra finch brains, respectively). Surface and deep lesions can be characterized, and single tetrodes, tetrode arrays, electrolytic lesions, and silicon probes can also be localized. Free and proprietary software allows experimenters to examine the sample volume from any plane and segment the volume manually or automatically. Because this method generates whole brain volume, lesions and electrodes can be quantified to a much higher degree than in current methods, which will help standardize comparisons within and across studies. AU - Masís, Javier AU - Mankus, David AU - Wolff, Steffen AU - Guitchounts, Grigori AU - Jösch, Maximilian A AU - Cox, David ID - 6 JF - Journal of visualized experiments TI - A micro-CT-based method for characterising lesions and locating electrodes in small animal brains VL - 141 ER - TY - GEN AB - Dataset for manuscript 'Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect' Compared to previous versions: - raw image files added - correction of URLs within README.txt file AU - Stroeymeyt, Nathalie AU - Grasse, Anna V AU - Crespi, Alessandro AU - Mersch, Danielle AU - Cremer, Sylvia AU - Keller, Laurent ID - 13055 TI - Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect ER - TY - JOUR AB - Conventional ultra-high sensitivity detectors in the millimeter-wave range are usually cooled as their own thermal noise at room temperature would mask the weak received radiation. The need for cryogenic systems increases the cost and complexity of the instruments, hindering the development of, among others, airborne and space applications. In this work, the nonlinear parametric upconversion of millimeter-wave radiation to the optical domain inside high-quality (Q) lithium niobate whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators is proposed for ultra-low noise detection. We experimentally demonstrate coherent upconversion of millimeter-wave signals to a 1550 nm telecom carrier, with a photon conversion efficiency surpassing the state-of-the-art by 2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, a theoretical model shows that the thermal equilibrium of counterpropagating WGMs is broken by overcoupling the millimeter-wave WGM, effectively cooling the upconverted mode and allowing ultra-low noise detection. By theoretically estimating the sensitivity of a correlation radiometer based on the presented scheme, it is found that room-temperature radiometers with better sensitivity than state-of-the-art high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT)-based radiometers can be designed. This detection paradigm can be used to develop room-temperature instrumentation for radio astronomy, earth observation, planetary missions, and imaging systems. AU - Botello, Gabriel AU - Sedlmeir, Florian AU - Rueda Sanchez, Alfredo R AU - Abdalmalak, Kerlos AU - Brown, Elliott AU - Leuchs, Gerd AU - Preu, Sascha AU - Segovia Vargas, Daniel AU - Strekalov, Dmitry AU - Munoz, Luis AU - Schwefel, Harald ID - 22 IS - 10 JF - Optica SN - 23342536 TI - Sensitivity limits of millimeter-wave photonic radiometers based on efficient electro-optic upconverters VL - 5 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Recently, contract-based design has been proposed as an “orthogonal” approach that complements system design methodologies proposed so far to cope with the complexity of system design. Contract-based design provides a rigorous scaffolding for verification, analysis, abstraction/refinement, and even synthesis. A number of results have been obtained in this domain but a unified treatment of the topic that can help put contract-based design in perspective was missing. This monograph intends to provide such a treatment where contracts are precisely defined and characterized so that they can be used in design methodologies with no ambiguity. In particular, this monograph identifies the essence of complex system design using contracts through a mathematical “meta-theory”, where all the properties of the methodology are derived from a very abstract and generic notion of contract. We show that the meta-theory provides deep and illuminating links with existing contract and interface theories, as well as guidelines for designing new theories. Our study encompasses contracts for both software and systems, with emphasis on the latter. We illustrate the use of contracts with two examples: requirement engineering for a parking garage management, and the development of contracts for timing and scheduling in the context of the Autosar methodology in use in the automotive sector. AU - Benveniste, Albert AU - Nickovic, Dejan AU - Caillaud, Benoît AU - Passerone, Roberto AU - Raclet, Jean Baptiste AU - Reinkemeier, Philipp AU - Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto AU - Damm, Werner AU - Henzinger, Thomas A AU - Larsen, Kim G. ID - 5677 IS - 2-3 JF - Foundations and Trends in Electronic Design Automation SN - 1551-3939 TI - Contracts for system design VL - 12 ER - TY - JOUR AB - It is shown that two fundamentally different phenomena, the bound states in continuum and the spectral singularity (or time-reversed spectral singularity), can occur simultaneously. This can be achieved in a rectangular core dielectric waveguide with an embedded active (or absorbing) layer. In such a system a two-dimensional bound state in a continuum is created in the plane of a waveguide cross section, and it is emitted or absorbed along the waveguide core. The idea can be used for experimental implementation of a laser or a coherent-perfect-absorber for a photonic bound state that resides in a continuous spectrum. AU - Midya, Bikashkali AU - Konotop, Vladimir ID - 435 IS - 3 JF - Optics Letters TI - Coherent-perfect-absorber and laser for bound states in a continuum VL - 43 ER -