---
_id: '6713'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Evolutionary studies are often limited by missing data that are critical to
understanding the history of selection. Selection experiments, which reproduce
rapid evolution under controlled conditions, are excellent tools to study how
genomes evolve under selection. Here we present a genomic dissection of the Longshanks
selection experiment, in which mice were selectively bred over 20 generations
for longer tibiae relative to body mass, resulting in 13% longer tibiae in two
replicates. We synthesized evolutionary theory, genome sequences and molecular
genetics to understand the selection response and found that it involved both
polygenic adaptation and discrete loci of major effect, with the strongest loci
tending to be selected in parallel between replicates. We show that selection
may favor de-repression of bone growth through inactivating two limb enhancers
of an inhibitor, Nkx3-2. Our integrative genomic analyses thus show that it is
possible to connect individual base-pair changes to the overall selection response.
article_number: e42014
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: João Pl
full_name: Castro, João Pl
last_name: Castro
- first_name: Michelle N.
full_name: Yancoskie, Michelle N.
last_name: Yancoskie
- first_name: Marta
full_name: Marchini, Marta
last_name: Marchini
- first_name: Stefanie
full_name: Belohlavy, Stefanie
id: 43FE426A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Belohlavy
orcid: 0000-0002-9849-498X
- first_name: Layla
full_name: Hiramatsu, Layla
last_name: Hiramatsu
- first_name: Marek
full_name: Kučka, Marek
last_name: Kučka
- first_name: William H.
full_name: Beluch, William H.
last_name: Beluch
- first_name: Ronald
full_name: Naumann, Ronald
last_name: Naumann
- first_name: Isabella
full_name: Skuplik, Isabella
last_name: Skuplik
- first_name: John
full_name: Cobb, John
last_name: Cobb
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Campbell
full_name: Rolian, Campbell
last_name: Rolian
- first_name: Yingguang Frank
full_name: Chan, Yingguang Frank
last_name: Chan
citation:
ama: Castro JP, Yancoskie MN, Marchini M, et al. An integrative genomic analysis
of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice. eLife.
2019;8. doi:10.7554/eLife.42014
apa: Castro, J. P., Yancoskie, M. N., Marchini, M., Belohlavy, S., Hiramatsu, L.,
Kučka, M., … Chan, Y. F. (2019). An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks
selection experiment for longer limbs in mice. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.42014
chicago: Castro, João Pl, Michelle N. Yancoskie, Marta Marchini, Stefanie Belohlavy,
Layla Hiramatsu, Marek Kučka, William H. Beluch, et al. “An Integrative Genomic
Analysis of the Longshanks Selection Experiment for Longer Limbs in Mice.” ELife.
eLife Sciences Publications, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.42014.
ieee: J. P. Castro et al., “An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks
selection experiment for longer limbs in mice,” eLife, vol. 8. eLife Sciences
Publications, 2019.
ista: Castro JP, Yancoskie MN, Marchini M, Belohlavy S, Hiramatsu L, Kučka M, Beluch
WH, Naumann R, Skuplik I, Cobb J, Barton NH, Rolian C, Chan YF. 2019. An integrative
genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice.
eLife. 8, e42014.
mla: Castro, João Pl, et al. “An Integrative Genomic Analysis of the Longshanks
Selection Experiment for Longer Limbs in Mice.” ELife, vol. 8, e42014,
eLife Sciences Publications, 2019, doi:10.7554/eLife.42014.
short: J.P. Castro, M.N. Yancoskie, M. Marchini, S. Belohlavy, L. Hiramatsu, M.
Kučka, W.H. Beluch, R. Naumann, I. Skuplik, J. Cobb, N.H. Barton, C. Rolian, Y.F.
Chan, ELife 8 (2019).
date_created: 2019-07-28T21:59:17Z
date_published: 2019-06-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-28T23:30:23Z
day: '06'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.7554/eLife.42014
external_id:
isi:
- '000473588700001'
pmid:
- '31169497'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: fa0936fe58f0d9e3f8e75038570e5a17
content_type: application/pdf
creator: apreinsp
date_created: 2019-07-29T07:41:18Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:38Z
file_id: '6721'
file_name: 2019_eLife_Castro.pdf
file_size: 6748249
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:38Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 8'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: eLife
publication_status: published
publisher: eLife Sciences Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '9804'
relation: research_data
status: public
- id: '11388'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for
longer limbs in mice
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 8
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '315'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'More than 100 years after Grigg’s influential analysis of species’ borders,
the causes of limits to species’ ranges still represent a puzzle that has never
been understood with clarity. The topic has become especially important recently
as many scientists have become interested in the potential for species’ ranges
to shift in response to climate change—and yet nearly all of those studies fail
to recognise or incorporate evolutionary genetics in a way that relates to theoretical
developments. I show that range margins can be understood based on just two measurable
parameters: (i) the fitness cost of dispersal—a measure of environmental heterogeneity—and
(ii) the strength of genetic drift, which reduces genetic diversity. Together,
these two parameters define an ‘expansion threshold’: adaptation fails when genetic
drift reduces genetic diversity below that required for adaptation to a heterogeneous
environment. When the key parameters drop below this expansion threshold locally,
a sharp range margin forms. When they drop below this threshold throughout the
species’ range, adaptation collapses everywhere, resulting in either extinction
or formation of a fragmented metapopulation. Because the effects of dispersal
differ fundamentally with dimension, the second parameter—the strength of genetic
drift—is qualitatively different compared to a linear habitat. In two-dimensional
habitats, genetic drift becomes effectively independent of selection. It decreases
with ‘neighbourhood size’—the number of individuals accessible by dispersal within
one generation. Moreover, in contrast to earlier predictions, which neglected
evolution of genetic variance and/or stochasticity in two dimensions, dispersal
into small marginal populations aids adaptation. This is because the reduction
of both genetic and demographic stochasticity has a stronger effect than the cost
of dispersal through increased maladaptation. The expansion threshold thus provides
a novel, theoretically justified, and testable prediction for formation of the
range margin and collapse of the species’ range.'
article_number: e2005372
author:
- first_name: Jitka
full_name: Polechova, Jitka
id: 3BBFB084-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Polechova
orcid: 0000-0003-0951-3112
citation:
ama: Polechova J. Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’
range. PLoS Biology. 2018;16(6). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372
apa: Polechova, J. (2018). Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a
species’ range. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372
chicago: Polechova, Jitka. “Is the Sky the Limit? On the Expansion Threshold of
a Species’ Range.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372.
ieee: J. Polechova, “Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’
range,” PLoS Biology, vol. 16, no. 6. Public Library of Science, 2018.
ista: Polechova J. 2018. Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’
range. PLoS Biology. 16(6), e2005372.
mla: Polechova, Jitka. “Is the Sky the Limit? On the Expansion Threshold of a Species’
Range.” PLoS Biology, vol. 16, no. 6, e2005372, Public Library of Science,
2018, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372.
short: J. Polechova, PLoS Biology 16 (2018).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:46Z
date_published: 2018-06-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T14:10:16Z
day: '15'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 908c52751bba30c55ed36789e5e4c84d
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-01-22T08:30:03Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:01Z
file_id: '5870'
file_name: 2017_PLOS_Polechova.pdf
file_size: 6968201
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:01Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: PLoS Biology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- '15449173'
publication_status: published
publisher: Public Library of Science
publist_id: '7550'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '9839'
relation: research_data
status: public
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '9837'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Both classical and recent studies suggest that chromosomal inversion polymorphisms
are important in adaptation and speciation. However, biases in discovery and reporting
of inversions make it difficult to assess their prevalence and biological importance.
Here, we use an approach based on linkage disequilibrium among markers genotyped
for samples collected across a transect between contrasting habitats to detect
chromosomal rearrangements de novo. We report 17 polymorphic rearrangements in
a single locality for the coastal marine snail, Littorina saxatilis. Patterns
of diversity in the field and of recombination in controlled crosses provide strong
evidence that at least the majority of these rearrangements are inversions. Most
show clinal changes in frequency between habitats, suggestive of divergent selection,
but only one appears to be fixed for different arrangements in the two habitats.
Consistent with widespread evidence for balancing selection on inversion polymorphisms,
we argue that a combination of heterosis and divergent selection can explain the
observed patterns and should be considered in other systems spanning environmental
gradients.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rui
full_name: Faria, Rui
last_name: Faria
- first_name: Pragya
full_name: Chaube, Pragya
last_name: Chaube
- first_name: Hernán E.
full_name: Morales, Hernán E.
last_name: Morales
- first_name: Tomas
full_name: Larsson, Tomas
last_name: Larsson
- first_name: Alan R.
full_name: Lemmon, Alan R.
last_name: Lemmon
- first_name: Emily M.
full_name: Lemmon, Emily M.
last_name: Lemmon
- first_name: Marina
full_name: Rafajlović, Marina
last_name: Rafajlović
- first_name: Marina
full_name: Panova, Marina
last_name: Panova
- first_name: Mark
full_name: Ravinet, Mark
last_name: Ravinet
- first_name: Kerstin
full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin
last_name: Johannesson
- first_name: Anja M
full_name: Westram, Anja M
id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Westram
orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969
- first_name: Roger K.
full_name: Butlin, Roger K.
last_name: Butlin
citation:
ama: 'Faria R, Chaube P, Morales HE, et al. Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements
in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes. 2018. doi:10.5061/dryad.72cg113'
apa: 'Faria, R., Chaube, P., Morales, H. E., Larsson, T., Lemmon, A. R., Lemmon,
E. M., … Butlin, R. K. (2018). Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements
in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.72cg113'
chicago: 'Faria, Rui, Pragya Chaube, Hernán E. Morales, Tomas Larsson, Alan R. Lemmon,
Emily M. Lemmon, Marina Rafajlović, et al. “Data from: Multiple Chromosomal Rearrangements
in a Hybrid Zone between Littorina Saxatilis Ecotypes.” Dryad, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.72cg113.'
ieee: 'R. Faria et al., “Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in
a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes.” Dryad, 2018.'
ista: 'Faria R, Chaube P, Morales HE, Larsson T, Lemmon AR, Lemmon EM, Rafajlović
M, Panova M, Ravinet M, Johannesson K, Westram AM, Butlin RK. 2018. Data from:
Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis
ecotypes, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.72cg113.'
mla: 'Faria, Rui, et al. Data from: Multiple Chromosomal Rearrangements in a
Hybrid Zone between Littorina Saxatilis Ecotypes. Dryad, 2018, doi:10.5061/dryad.72cg113.'
short: R. Faria, P. Chaube, H.E. Morales, T. Larsson, A.R. Lemmon, E.M. Lemmon,
M. Rafajlović, M. Panova, M. Ravinet, K. Johannesson, A.M. Westram, R.K. Butlin,
(2018).
date_created: 2021-08-09T12:46:39Z
date_published: 2018-10-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-24T14:50:26Z
day: '09'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.5061/dryad.72cg113
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.72cg113
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Dryad
related_material:
record:
- id: '6095'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: 'Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina
saxatilis ecotypes'
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '423'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Herd immunity, a process in which resistant individuals limit the spread of
a pathogen among susceptible hosts has been extensively studied in eukaryotes.
Even though bacteria have evolved multiple immune systems against their phage
pathogens, herd immunity in bacteria remains unexplored. Here we experimentally
demonstrate that herd immunity arises during phage epidemics in structured and
unstructured Escherichia coli populations consisting of differing frequencies
of susceptible and resistant cells harboring CRISPR immunity. In addition, we
develop a mathematical model that quantifies how herd immunity is affected by
spatial population structure, bacterial growth rate, and phage replication rate.
Using our model we infer a general epidemiological rule describing the relative
speed of an epidemic in partially resistant spatially structured populations.
Our experimental and theoretical findings indicate that herd immunity may be important
in bacterial communities, allowing for stable coexistence of bacteria and their
phages and the maintenance of polymorphism in bacterial immunity.
acknowledgement: "We are grateful to Remy Chait for his help and assistance with establishing
our experimental setups and to Tobias Bergmiller for valuable insights into some
specific experimental details. We thank Luciano Marraffini for donating us the pCas9
plasmid used in this study. We also want to express our gratitude to Seth Barribeau,
Andrea Betancourt, Călin Guet, Mato Lagator, Tiago Paixão and Maroš Pleška for valuable
discussions on the manuscript. Finally, we would like to thank the \r\neditors and
reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions."
article_number: e32035
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Pavel
full_name: Payne, Pavel
id: 35F78294-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Payne
orcid: 0000-0002-2711-9453
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Geyrhofer, Lukas
last_name: Geyrhofer
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Jonathan P
full_name: Bollback, Jonathan P
id: 2C6FA9CC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bollback
orcid: 0000-0002-4624-4612
citation:
ama: Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. CRISPR-based herd immunity can
limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations. eLife. 2018;7. doi:10.7554/eLife.32035
apa: Payne, P., Geyrhofer, L., Barton, N. H., & Bollback, J. P. (2018). CRISPR-based
herd immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations. ELife.
eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32035
chicago: Payne, Pavel, Lukas Geyrhofer, Nicholas H Barton, and Jonathan P Bollback.
“CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Can Limit Phage Epidemics in Bacterial Populations.”
ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32035.
ieee: P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N. H. Barton, and J. P. Bollback, “CRISPR-based herd
immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations,” eLife, vol.
7. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018.
ista: Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. 2018. CRISPR-based herd immunity
can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations. eLife. 7, e32035.
mla: Payne, Pavel, et al. “CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Can Limit Phage Epidemics
in Bacterial Populations.” ELife, vol. 7, e32035, eLife Sciences Publications,
2018, doi:10.7554/eLife.32035.
short: P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N.H. Barton, J.P. Bollback, ELife 7 (2018).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:23Z
date_published: 2018-03-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T12:49:17Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: NiBa
- _id: JoBo
doi: 10.7554/eLife.32035
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000431035800001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 447cf6e680bdc3c01062a8737d876569
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2018-12-17T10:36:07Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:25Z
file_id: '5689'
file_name: 2018_eLife_Payne.pdf
file_size: 3533881
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:25Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 7'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 2578D616-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '648440'
name: Selective Barriers to Horizontal Gene Transfer
publication: eLife
publication_status: published
publisher: eLife Sciences Publications
publist_id: '7400'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '9840'
relation: research_data
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: CRISPR-based herd immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 7
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '9840'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Herd immunity, a process in which resistant individuals limit the spread of
a pathogen among susceptible hosts has been extensively studied in eukaryotes.
Even though bacteria have evolved multiple immune systems against their phage
pathogens, herd immunity in bacteria remains unexplored. Here we experimentally
demonstrate that herd immunity arises during phage epidemics in structured and
unstructured Escherichia coli populations consisting of differing frequencies
of susceptible and resistant cells harboring CRISPR immunity. In addition, we
develop a mathematical model that quantifies how herd immunity is affected by
spatial population structure, bacterial growth rate, and phage replication rate.
Using our model we infer a general epidemiological rule describing the relative
speed of an epidemic in partially resistant spatially structured populations.
Our experimental and theoretical findings indicate that herd immunity may be important
in bacterial communities, allowing for stable coexistence of bacteria and their
phages and the maintenance of polymorphism in bacterial immunity.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Pavel
full_name: Payne, Pavel
id: 35F78294-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Payne
orcid: 0000-0002-2711-9453
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Geyrhofer, Lukas
last_name: Geyrhofer
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Jonathan P
full_name: Bollback, Jonathan P
id: 2C6FA9CC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bollback
orcid: 0000-0002-4624-4612
citation:
ama: 'Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. Data from: CRISPR-based herd
immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations. 2018. doi:10.5061/dryad.42n44'
apa: 'Payne, P., Geyrhofer, L., Barton, N. H., & Bollback, J. P. (2018). Data
from: CRISPR-based herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations.
Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.42n44'
chicago: 'Payne, Pavel, Lukas Geyrhofer, Nicholas H Barton, and Jonathan P Bollback.
“Data from: CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Limits Phage Epidemics in Bacterial Populations.”
Dryad, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.42n44.'
ieee: 'P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N. H. Barton, and J. P. Bollback, “Data from: CRISPR-based
herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations.” Dryad, 2018.'
ista: 'Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. 2018. Data from: CRISPR-based
herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.42n44.'
mla: 'Payne, Pavel, et al. Data from: CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Limits Phage
Epidemics in Bacterial Populations. Dryad, 2018, doi:10.5061/dryad.42n44.'
short: P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N.H. Barton, J.P. Bollback, (2018).
date_created: 2021-08-09T13:10:02Z
date_published: 2018-03-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T12:49:17Z
day: '12'
department:
- _id: NiBa
- _id: JoBo
doi: 10.5061/dryad.42n44
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.42n44
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Dryad
related_material:
record:
- id: '423'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: 'Data from: CRISPR-based herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial
populations'
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf
year: '2018'
...