--- _id: '11479' abstract: - lang: eng text: Understanding population divergence that eventually leads to speciation is essential for evolutionary biology. High species diversity in the sea was regarded as a paradox when strict allopatry was considered necessary for most speciation events because geographical barriers seemed largely absent in the sea, and many marine species have high dispersal capacities. Combining genome-wide data with demographic modelling to infer the demographic history of divergence has introduced new ways to address this classical issue. These models assume an ancestral population that splits into two subpopulations diverging according to different scenarios that allow tests for periods of gene flow. Models can also test for heterogeneities in population sizes and migration rates along the genome to account, respectively, for background selection and selection against introgressed ancestry. To investigate how barriers to gene flow arise in the sea, we compiled studies modelling the demographic history of divergence in marine organisms and extracted preferred demographic scenarios together with estimates of demographic parameters. These studies show that geographical barriers to gene flow do exist in the sea but that divergence can also occur without strict isolation. Heterogeneity of gene flow was detected in most population pairs suggesting the predominance of semipermeable barriers during divergence. We found a weak positive relationship between the fraction of the genome experiencing reduced gene flow and levels of genome-wide differentiation. Furthermore, we found that the upper bound of the ‘grey zone of speciation’ for our dataset extended beyond that found before, implying that gene flow between diverging taxa is possible at higher levels of divergence than previously thought. Finally, we list recommendations for further strengthening the use of demographic modelling in speciation research. These include a more balanced representation of taxa, more consistent and comprehensive modelling, clear reporting of results and simulation studies to rule out nonbiological explanations for general results. acknowledgement: 'We greatly thank all the corresponding authors of the studies that were included in our synthesis for the sharing of additional data: Thomas Broquet, Dmitry Filatov, Quentin Rougemont, Paolo Momigliano, Pierre-Alexandre Gagnaire, Carlos Prada, Ahmed Souissi, Michael Møller Hansen, Sylvie Lapègue, Joseph Di Battista, Michael Hellberg and Carlos Prada. RKB and ADJ were supported by the European Research Council. MR was supported by the Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet (grant number 2021-05243; to MR) and Formas (grant number 2019-00882; to KJ and MR), and by additional grants from the European Research Council (to RKB) and Vetenskapsrådet (to KJ) through the Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology (https://www.gu.se/en/cemeb-marine-evolutionary-biology).' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Aurélien full_name: De Jode, Aurélien last_name: De Jode - first_name: Alan full_name: Le Moan, Alan last_name: Le Moan - first_name: Kerstin full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin last_name: Johannesson - first_name: Rui full_name: Faria, Rui last_name: Faria - first_name: Sean full_name: Stankowski, Sean id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E last_name: Stankowski - first_name: Anja M full_name: Westram, Anja M id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Westram orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969 - first_name: Roger K. full_name: Butlin, Roger K. last_name: Butlin - first_name: Marina full_name: Rafajlović, Marina last_name: Rafajlović - first_name: Christelle full_name: Fraisse, Christelle id: 32DF5794-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Fraisse orcid: 0000-0001-8441-5075 citation: ama: De Jode A, Le Moan A, Johannesson K, et al. Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence and speciation in the sea. Evolutionary Applications. 2023;16(2):542-559. doi:10.1111/eva.13428 apa: De Jode, A., Le Moan, A., Johannesson, K., Faria, R., Stankowski, S., Westram, A. M., … Fraisse, C. (2023). Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence and speciation in the sea. Evolutionary Applications. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428 chicago: De Jode, Aurélien, Alan Le Moan, Kerstin Johannesson, Rui Faria, Sean Stankowski, Anja M Westram, Roger K. Butlin, Marina Rafajlović, and Christelle Fraisse. “Ten Years of Demographic Modelling of Divergence and Speciation in the Sea.” Evolutionary Applications. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428. ieee: A. De Jode et al., “Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence and speciation in the sea,” Evolutionary Applications, vol. 16, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 542–559, 2023. ista: De Jode A, Le Moan A, Johannesson K, Faria R, Stankowski S, Westram AM, Butlin RK, Rafajlović M, Fraisse C. 2023. Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence and speciation in the sea. Evolutionary Applications. 16(2), 542–559. mla: De Jode, Aurélien, et al. “Ten Years of Demographic Modelling of Divergence and Speciation in the Sea.” Evolutionary Applications, vol. 16, no. 2, Wiley, 2023, pp. 542–59, doi:10.1111/eva.13428. short: A. De Jode, A. Le Moan, K. Johannesson, R. Faria, S. Stankowski, A.M. Westram, R.K. Butlin, M. Rafajlović, C. Fraisse, Evolutionary Applications 16 (2023) 542–559. date_created: 2022-07-03T22:01:33Z date_published: 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-01T12:25:44Z day: '01' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: BeVi doi: 10.1111/eva.13428 external_id: isi: - '000815663700001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d4d6fa9ddf36643af994a6a757919afb content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-02-27T07:10:17Z date_updated: 2023-02-27T07:10:17Z file_id: '12685' file_name: 2023_EvolutionaryApplications_DeJode.pdf file_size: 2269822 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-02-27T07:10:17Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 16' isi: 1 issue: '2' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 542-559 publication: Evolutionary Applications publication_identifier: eissn: - 1752-4571 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence and speciation in the sea tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 16 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '12514' abstract: - lang: eng text: The concept of a “speciation continuum” has gained popularity in recent decades. It emphasizes speciation as a continuous process that may be studied by comparing contemporary population pairs that show differing levels of divergence. In their recent perspective article in Evolution, Stankowski and Ravinet provided a valuable service by formally defining the speciation continuum as a continuum of reproductive isolation, based on opinions gathered from a survey of speciation researchers. While we agree that the speciation continuum has been a useful concept to advance the understanding of the speciation process, some intrinsic limitations exist. Here, we advocate for a multivariate extension, the speciation hypercube, first proposed by Dieckmann et al. in 2004, but rarely used since. We extend the idea of the speciation cube and suggest it has strong conceptual and practical advantages over a one-dimensional model. We illustrate how the speciation hypercube can be used to visualize and compare different speciation trajectories, providing new insights into the processes and mechanisms of speciation. A key strength of the speciation hypercube is that it provides a unifying framework for speciation research, as it allows questions from apparently disparate subfields to be addressed in a single conceptual model. acknowledgement: "The authors of this article were supported by LMU Munich (J.B.W.W.), a James S. McDonnell Foundation postdoctoral fellowship (A.K.H.). P.N. received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant agreement No. 770826 EE-Dynamics).\r\nWe thank participants in the 2019 Gordon Conference on Speciation for the extensive conversation on this topic. Thanks to Dan Funk for providing permission to use data from Funk et al. 2006, and for comments on the manuscript." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Daniel I. full_name: Bolnick, Daniel I. last_name: Bolnick - first_name: Amanda K. full_name: Hund, Amanda K. last_name: Hund - first_name: Patrik full_name: Nosil, Patrik last_name: Nosil - first_name: Foen full_name: Peng, Foen last_name: Peng - first_name: Mark full_name: Ravinet, Mark last_name: Ravinet - first_name: Sean full_name: Stankowski, Sean id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E last_name: Stankowski - first_name: Swapna full_name: Subramanian, Swapna last_name: Subramanian - first_name: Jochen B.W. full_name: Wolf, Jochen B.W. last_name: Wolf - first_name: Roman full_name: Yukilevich, Roman last_name: Yukilevich citation: ama: 'Bolnick DI, Hund AK, Nosil P, et al. A multivariate view of the speciation continuum. Evolution: International journal of organic evolution. 2023;77(1):318-328. doi:10.1093/evolut/qpac004' apa: 'Bolnick, D. I., Hund, A. K., Nosil, P., Peng, F., Ravinet, M., Stankowski, S., … Yukilevich, R. (2023). A multivariate view of the speciation continuum. Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac004' chicago: 'Bolnick, Daniel I., Amanda K. Hund, Patrik Nosil, Foen Peng, Mark Ravinet, Sean Stankowski, Swapna Subramanian, Jochen B.W. Wolf, and Roman Yukilevich. “A Multivariate View of the Speciation Continuum.” Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac004.' ieee: 'D. I. Bolnick et al., “A multivariate view of the speciation continuum,” Evolution: International journal of organic evolution, vol. 77, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 318–328, 2023.' ista: 'Bolnick DI, Hund AK, Nosil P, Peng F, Ravinet M, Stankowski S, Subramanian S, Wolf JBW, Yukilevich R. 2023. A multivariate view of the speciation continuum. Evolution: International journal of organic evolution. 77(1), 318–328.' mla: 'Bolnick, Daniel I., et al. “A Multivariate View of the Speciation Continuum.” Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 77, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2023, pp. 318–28, doi:10.1093/evolut/qpac004.' short: 'D.I. Bolnick, A.K. Hund, P. Nosil, F. Peng, M. Ravinet, S. Stankowski, S. Subramanian, J.B.W. Wolf, R. Yukilevich, Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution 77 (2023) 318–328.' date_created: 2023-02-05T23:00:59Z date_published: 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-01T12:58:30Z day: '01' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1093/evolut/qpac004 external_id: isi: - '001021686300024' pmid: - '36622661' intvolume: ' 77' isi: 1 issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac004 month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 318-328 pmid: 1 publication: 'Evolution: International journal of organic evolution' publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: A multivariate view of the speciation continuum type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 77 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '12159' abstract: - lang: eng text: The term “haplotype block” is commonly used in the developing field of haplotype-based inference methods. We argue that the term should be defined based on the structure of the Ancestral Recombination Graph (ARG), which contains complete information on the ancestry of a sample. We use simulated examples to demonstrate key features of the relationship between haplotype blocks and ancestral structure, emphasizing the stochasticity of the processes that generate them. Even the simplest cases of neutrality or of a “hard” selective sweep produce a rich structure, often missed by commonly used statistics. We highlight a number of novel methods for inferring haplotype structure, based on the full ARG, or on a sequence of trees, and illustrate how they can be used to define haplotype blocks using an empirical data set. While the advent of new, computationally efficient methods makes it possible to apply these concepts broadly, they (and additional new methods) could benefit from adding features to explore haplotype blocks, as we define them. Understanding and applying the concept of the haplotype block will be essential to fully exploit long and linked-read sequencing technologies. acknowledgement: 'We thank the Barton group for useful discussion and feedback during the writing of this article. Comments from Roger Butlin, Molly Schumer''s Group, the tskit development team, editors and three reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by SCAS (Natural Sciences Programme, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation), an FWF Wittgenstein grant (PT1001Z211), an FWF standalone grant (grant P 32166), and an ERC Advanced Grant. YFC was supported by the Max Planck Society and an ERC Proof of Concept Grant #101069216 (HAPLOTAGGING).' article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Daria full_name: Shipilina, Daria id: 428A94B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shipilina orcid: 0000-0002-1145-9226 - first_name: Arka full_name: Pal, Arka id: 6AAB2240-CA9A-11E9-9C1A-D9D1E5697425 last_name: Pal orcid: 0000-0002-4530-8469 - first_name: Sean full_name: Stankowski, Sean id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E last_name: Stankowski - first_name: Yingguang Frank full_name: Chan, Yingguang Frank last_name: Chan - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Shipilina D, Pal A, Stankowski S, Chan YF, Barton NH. On the origin and structure of haplotype blocks. Molecular Ecology. 2023;32(6):1441-1457. doi:10.1111/mec.16793 apa: Shipilina, D., Pal, A., Stankowski, S., Chan, Y. F., & Barton, N. H. (2023). On the origin and structure of haplotype blocks. Molecular Ecology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16793 chicago: Shipilina, Daria, Arka Pal, Sean Stankowski, Yingguang Frank Chan, and Nicholas H Barton. “On the Origin and Structure of Haplotype Blocks.” Molecular Ecology. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16793. ieee: D. Shipilina, A. Pal, S. Stankowski, Y. F. Chan, and N. H. Barton, “On the origin and structure of haplotype blocks,” Molecular Ecology, vol. 32, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 1441–1457, 2023. ista: Shipilina D, Pal A, Stankowski S, Chan YF, Barton NH. 2023. On the origin and structure of haplotype blocks. Molecular Ecology. 32(6), 1441–1457. mla: Shipilina, Daria, et al. “On the Origin and Structure of Haplotype Blocks.” Molecular Ecology, vol. 32, no. 6, Wiley, 2023, pp. 1441–57, doi:10.1111/mec.16793. short: D. Shipilina, A. Pal, S. Stankowski, Y.F. Chan, N.H. Barton, Molecular Ecology 32 (2023) 1441–1457. date_created: 2023-01-12T12:09:17Z date_published: 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-16T08:18:47Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/mec.16793 external_id: isi: - '000900762000001' pmid: - '36433653' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: b10e0f8fa3dc4d72aaf77a557200978a content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-08-16T08:15:41Z date_updated: 2023-08-16T08:15:41Z file_id: '14062' file_name: 2023_MolecularEcology_Shipilina.pdf file_size: 7144607 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-08-16T08:15:41Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 32' isi: 1 issue: '6' keyword: - Genetics - Ecology - Evolution - Behavior and Systematics language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1441-1457 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 05959E1C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E grant_number: P32166 name: The maintenance of alternative adaptive peaks in snapdragons - _id: 25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: Z211 name: The Wittgenstein Prize - _id: bd6958e0-d553-11ed-ba76-86eba6a76c00 grant_number: '101055327' name: Understanding the evolution of continuous genomes publication: Molecular Ecology publication_identifier: eissn: - 1365-294X issn: - 0962-1083 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: On the origin and structure of haplotype blocks tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 32 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14452' abstract: - lang: eng text: The classical infinitesimal model is a simple and robust model for the inheritance of quantitative traits. In this model, a quantitative trait is expressed as the sum of a genetic and an environmental component, and the genetic component of offspring traits within a family follows a normal distribution around the average of the parents’ trait values, and has a variance that is independent of the parental traits. In previous work, we showed that when trait values are determined by the sum of a large number of additive Mendelian factors, each of small effect, one can justify the infinitesimal model as a limit of Mendelian inheritance. In this paper, we show that this result extends to include dominance. We define the model in terms of classical quantities of quantitative genetics, before justifying it as a limit of Mendelian inheritance as the number, M, of underlying loci tends to infinity. As in the additive case, the multivariate normal distribution of trait values across the pedigree can be expressed in terms of variance components in an ancestral population and probabilities of identity by descent determined by the pedigree. Now, with just first-order dominance effects, we require two-, three-, and four-way identities. We also show that, even if we condition on parental trait values, the “shared” and “residual” components of trait values within each family will be asymptotically normally distributed as the number of loci tends to infinity, with an error of order 1/M−−√⁠. We illustrate our results with some numerical examples. acknowledgement: NHB was supported in part by ERC Grants 250152 and 101055327. AV was partly supported by the chaire Modélisation Mathématique et Biodiversité of Veolia Environment—Ecole Polytechnique—Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle—Fondation X. article_number: iyad133 article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Alison M. full_name: Etheridge, Alison M. last_name: Etheridge - first_name: Amandine full_name: Véber, Amandine last_name: Véber citation: ama: Barton NH, Etheridge AM, Véber A. The infinitesimal model with dominance. Genetics. 2023;225(2). doi:10.1093/genetics/iyad133 apa: Barton, N. H., Etheridge, A. M., & Véber, A. (2023). The infinitesimal model with dominance. Genetics. Oxford Academic. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyad133 chicago: Barton, Nicholas H, Alison M. Etheridge, and Amandine Véber. “The Infinitesimal Model with Dominance.” Genetics. Oxford Academic, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyad133. ieee: N. H. Barton, A. M. Etheridge, and A. Véber, “The infinitesimal model with dominance,” Genetics, vol. 225, no. 2. Oxford Academic, 2023. ista: Barton NH, Etheridge AM, Véber A. 2023. The infinitesimal model with dominance. Genetics. 225(2), iyad133. mla: Barton, Nicholas H., et al. “The Infinitesimal Model with Dominance.” Genetics, vol. 225, no. 2, iyad133, Oxford Academic, 2023, doi:10.1093/genetics/iyad133. short: N.H. Barton, A.M. Etheridge, A. Véber, Genetics 225 (2023). date_created: 2023-10-29T23:01:15Z date_published: 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-10-30T13:04:11Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1093/genetics/iyad133 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2211.03515' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 3f65b1fbe813e2f4dbb5d2b5e891844a content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-10-30T12:57:53Z date_updated: 2023-10-30T12:57:53Z file_id: '14469' file_name: 2023_Genetics_Barton.pdf file_size: 1439032 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-10-30T12:57:53Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 225' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '250152' name: Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation - _id: bd6958e0-d553-11ed-ba76-86eba6a76c00 grant_number: '101055327' name: Understanding the evolution of continuous genomes publication: Genetics publication_identifier: eissn: - 1943-2631 issn: - 0016-6731 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford Academic quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '12949' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The infinitesimal model with dominance tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 225 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '12949' abstract: - lang: eng text: The classical infinitesimal model is a simple and robust model for the inheritance of quantitative traits. In this model, a quantitative trait is expressed as the sum of a genetic and a non-genetic (environmental) component and the genetic component of offspring traits within a family follows a normal distribution around the average of the parents’ trait values, and has a variance that is independent of the trait values of the parents. Although the trait distribution across the whole population can be far from normal, the trait distributions within families are normally distributed with a variance-covariance matrix that is determined entirely by that in the ancestral population and the probabilities of identity determined by the pedigree. Moreover, conditioning on some of the trait values within the pedigree has predictable effects on the mean and variance within and between families. In previous work, Barton et al. (2017), we showed that when trait values are determined by the sum of a large number of Mendelian factors, each of small effect, one can justify the infinitesimal model as limit of Mendelian inheritance. It was also shown that under some forms of epistasis, trait values within a family are still normally distributed. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Barton NH. The infinitesimal model with dominance. 2023. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:12949 apa: Barton, N. H. (2023). The infinitesimal model with dominance. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:12949 chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “The Infinitesimal Model with Dominance.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:12949. ieee: N. H. Barton, “The infinitesimal model with dominance.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. ista: Barton NH. 2023. The infinitesimal model with dominance, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:12949. mla: Barton, Nicholas H. The Infinitesimal Model with Dominance. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:12949. short: N.H. 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