--- _id: '6713' abstract: - lang: eng text: Evolutionary studies are often limited by missing data that are critical to understanding the history of selection. Selection experiments, which reproduce rapid evolution under controlled conditions, are excellent tools to study how genomes evolve under selection. Here we present a genomic dissection of the Longshanks selection experiment, in which mice were selectively bred over 20 generations for longer tibiae relative to body mass, resulting in 13% longer tibiae in two replicates. We synthesized evolutionary theory, genome sequences and molecular genetics to understand the selection response and found that it involved both polygenic adaptation and discrete loci of major effect, with the strongest loci tending to be selected in parallel between replicates. We show that selection may favor de-repression of bone growth through inactivating two limb enhancers of an inhibitor, Nkx3-2. Our integrative genomic analyses thus show that it is possible to connect individual base-pair changes to the overall selection response. article_number: e42014 article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: João Pl full_name: Castro, João Pl last_name: Castro - first_name: Michelle N. full_name: Yancoskie, Michelle N. last_name: Yancoskie - first_name: Marta full_name: Marchini, Marta last_name: Marchini - first_name: Stefanie full_name: Belohlavy, Stefanie id: 43FE426A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Belohlavy orcid: 0000-0002-9849-498X - first_name: Layla full_name: Hiramatsu, Layla last_name: Hiramatsu - first_name: Marek full_name: Kučka, Marek last_name: Kučka - first_name: William H. full_name: Beluch, William H. last_name: Beluch - first_name: Ronald full_name: Naumann, Ronald last_name: Naumann - first_name: Isabella full_name: Skuplik, Isabella last_name: Skuplik - first_name: John full_name: Cobb, John last_name: Cobb - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Campbell full_name: Rolian, Campbell last_name: Rolian - first_name: Yingguang Frank full_name: Chan, Yingguang Frank last_name: Chan citation: ama: Castro JP, Yancoskie MN, Marchini M, et al. An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice. eLife. 2019;8. doi:10.7554/eLife.42014 apa: Castro, J. P., Yancoskie, M. N., Marchini, M., Belohlavy, S., Hiramatsu, L., Kučka, M., … Chan, Y. F. (2019). An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.42014 chicago: Castro, João Pl, Michelle N. Yancoskie, Marta Marchini, Stefanie Belohlavy, Layla Hiramatsu, Marek Kučka, William H. Beluch, et al. “An Integrative Genomic Analysis of the Longshanks Selection Experiment for Longer Limbs in Mice.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.42014. ieee: J. P. Castro et al., “An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice,” eLife, vol. 8. eLife Sciences Publications, 2019. ista: Castro JP, Yancoskie MN, Marchini M, Belohlavy S, Hiramatsu L, Kučka M, Beluch WH, Naumann R, Skuplik I, Cobb J, Barton NH, Rolian C, Chan YF. 2019. An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice. eLife. 8, e42014. mla: Castro, João Pl, et al. “An Integrative Genomic Analysis of the Longshanks Selection Experiment for Longer Limbs in Mice.” ELife, vol. 8, e42014, eLife Sciences Publications, 2019, doi:10.7554/eLife.42014. short: J.P. Castro, M.N. Yancoskie, M. Marchini, S. Belohlavy, L. Hiramatsu, M. Kučka, W.H. Beluch, R. Naumann, I. Skuplik, J. Cobb, N.H. Barton, C. Rolian, Y.F. Chan, ELife 8 (2019). date_created: 2019-07-28T21:59:17Z date_published: 2019-06-06T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-03-27T23:30:22Z day: '06' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.7554/eLife.42014 external_id: isi: - '000473588700001' pmid: - '31169497' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: fa0936fe58f0d9e3f8e75038570e5a17 content_type: application/pdf creator: apreinsp date_created: 2019-07-29T07:41:18Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:38Z file_id: '6721' file_name: 2019_eLife_Castro.pdf file_size: 6748249 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:38Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 8' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: eLife publication_status: published publisher: eLife Sciences Publications quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9804' relation: research_data status: public - id: '11388' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 8 year: '2019' ... --- _id: '315' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'More than 100 years after Grigg’s influential analysis of species’ borders, the causes of limits to species’ ranges still represent a puzzle that has never been understood with clarity. The topic has become especially important recently as many scientists have become interested in the potential for species’ ranges to shift in response to climate change—and yet nearly all of those studies fail to recognise or incorporate evolutionary genetics in a way that relates to theoretical developments. I show that range margins can be understood based on just two measurable parameters: (i) the fitness cost of dispersal—a measure of environmental heterogeneity—and (ii) the strength of genetic drift, which reduces genetic diversity. Together, these two parameters define an ‘expansion threshold’: adaptation fails when genetic drift reduces genetic diversity below that required for adaptation to a heterogeneous environment. When the key parameters drop below this expansion threshold locally, a sharp range margin forms. When they drop below this threshold throughout the species’ range, adaptation collapses everywhere, resulting in either extinction or formation of a fragmented metapopulation. Because the effects of dispersal differ fundamentally with dimension, the second parameter—the strength of genetic drift—is qualitatively different compared to a linear habitat. In two-dimensional habitats, genetic drift becomes effectively independent of selection. It decreases with ‘neighbourhood size’—the number of individuals accessible by dispersal within one generation. Moreover, in contrast to earlier predictions, which neglected evolution of genetic variance and/or stochasticity in two dimensions, dispersal into small marginal populations aids adaptation. This is because the reduction of both genetic and demographic stochasticity has a stronger effect than the cost of dispersal through increased maladaptation. The expansion threshold thus provides a novel, theoretically justified, and testable prediction for formation of the range margin and collapse of the species’ range.' article_number: e2005372 author: - first_name: Jitka full_name: Polechova, Jitka id: 3BBFB084-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Polechova orcid: 0000-0003-0951-3112 citation: ama: Polechova J. Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range. PLoS Biology. 2018;16(6). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372 apa: Polechova, J. (2018). Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372 chicago: Polechova, Jitka. “Is the Sky the Limit? On the Expansion Threshold of a Species’ Range.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372. ieee: J. Polechova, “Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range,” PLoS Biology, vol. 16, no. 6. Public Library of Science, 2018. ista: Polechova J. 2018. Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range. PLoS Biology. 16(6), e2005372. mla: Polechova, Jitka. “Is the Sky the Limit? On the Expansion Threshold of a Species’ Range.” PLoS Biology, vol. 16, no. 6, e2005372, Public Library of Science, 2018, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372. short: J. Polechova, PLoS Biology 16 (2018). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:46Z date_published: 2018-06-15T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-23T14:10:16Z day: '15' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 908c52751bba30c55ed36789e5e4c84d content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2019-01-22T08:30:03Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:01Z file_id: '5870' file_name: 2017_PLOS_Polechova.pdf file_size: 6968201 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:01Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 16' issue: '6' language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: PLoS Biology publication_identifier: issn: - '15449173' publication_status: published publisher: Public Library of Science publist_id: '7550' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9839' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '9837' abstract: - lang: eng text: Both classical and recent studies suggest that chromosomal inversion polymorphisms are important in adaptation and speciation. However, biases in discovery and reporting of inversions make it difficult to assess their prevalence and biological importance. Here, we use an approach based on linkage disequilibrium among markers genotyped for samples collected across a transect between contrasting habitats to detect chromosomal rearrangements de novo. We report 17 polymorphic rearrangements in a single locality for the coastal marine snail, Littorina saxatilis. Patterns of diversity in the field and of recombination in controlled crosses provide strong evidence that at least the majority of these rearrangements are inversions. Most show clinal changes in frequency between habitats, suggestive of divergent selection, but only one appears to be fixed for different arrangements in the two habitats. Consistent with widespread evidence for balancing selection on inversion polymorphisms, we argue that a combination of heterosis and divergent selection can explain the observed patterns and should be considered in other systems spanning environmental gradients. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Rui full_name: Faria, Rui last_name: Faria - first_name: Pragya full_name: Chaube, Pragya last_name: Chaube - first_name: Hernán E. full_name: Morales, Hernán E. last_name: Morales - first_name: Tomas full_name: Larsson, Tomas last_name: Larsson - first_name: Alan R. full_name: Lemmon, Alan R. last_name: Lemmon - first_name: Emily M. full_name: Lemmon, Emily M. last_name: Lemmon - first_name: Marina full_name: Rafajlović, Marina last_name: Rafajlović - first_name: Marina full_name: Panova, Marina last_name: Panova - first_name: Mark full_name: Ravinet, Mark last_name: Ravinet - first_name: Kerstin full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin last_name: Johannesson - first_name: Anja M full_name: Westram, Anja M id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Westram orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969 - first_name: Roger K. full_name: Butlin, Roger K. last_name: Butlin citation: ama: 'Faria R, Chaube P, Morales HE, et al. Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes. 2018. doi:10.5061/dryad.72cg113' apa: 'Faria, R., Chaube, P., Morales, H. E., Larsson, T., Lemmon, A. R., Lemmon, E. M., … Butlin, R. K. (2018). Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.72cg113' chicago: 'Faria, Rui, Pragya Chaube, Hernán E. Morales, Tomas Larsson, Alan R. Lemmon, Emily M. Lemmon, Marina Rafajlović, et al. “Data from: Multiple Chromosomal Rearrangements in a Hybrid Zone between Littorina Saxatilis Ecotypes.” Dryad, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.72cg113.' ieee: 'R. Faria et al., “Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes.” Dryad, 2018.' ista: 'Faria R, Chaube P, Morales HE, Larsson T, Lemmon AR, Lemmon EM, Rafajlović M, Panova M, Ravinet M, Johannesson K, Westram AM, Butlin RK. 2018. Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.72cg113.' mla: 'Faria, Rui, et al. Data from: Multiple Chromosomal Rearrangements in a Hybrid Zone between Littorina Saxatilis Ecotypes. Dryad, 2018, doi:10.5061/dryad.72cg113.' short: R. Faria, P. Chaube, H.E. Morales, T. Larsson, A.R. Lemmon, E.M. Lemmon, M. Rafajlović, M. Panova, M. Ravinet, K. Johannesson, A.M. Westram, R.K. Butlin, (2018). date_created: 2021-08-09T12:46:39Z date_published: 2018-10-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-24T14:50:26Z day: '09' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.5061/dryad.72cg113 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.72cg113 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Dryad related_material: record: - id: '6095' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: 'Data from: Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes' type: research_data_reference user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf year: '2018' ... --- _id: '423' abstract: - lang: eng text: Herd immunity, a process in which resistant individuals limit the spread of a pathogen among susceptible hosts has been extensively studied in eukaryotes. Even though bacteria have evolved multiple immune systems against their phage pathogens, herd immunity in bacteria remains unexplored. Here we experimentally demonstrate that herd immunity arises during phage epidemics in structured and unstructured Escherichia coli populations consisting of differing frequencies of susceptible and resistant cells harboring CRISPR immunity. In addition, we develop a mathematical model that quantifies how herd immunity is affected by spatial population structure, bacterial growth rate, and phage replication rate. Using our model we infer a general epidemiological rule describing the relative speed of an epidemic in partially resistant spatially structured populations. Our experimental and theoretical findings indicate that herd immunity may be important in bacterial communities, allowing for stable coexistence of bacteria and their phages and the maintenance of polymorphism in bacterial immunity. acknowledgement: "We are grateful to Remy Chait for his help and assistance with establishing our experimental setups and to Tobias Bergmiller for valuable insights into some specific experimental details. We thank Luciano Marraffini for donating us the pCas9 plasmid used in this study. We also want to express our gratitude to Seth Barribeau, Andrea Betancourt, Călin Guet, Mato Lagator, Tiago Paixão and Maroš Pleška for valuable discussions on the manuscript. Finally, we would like to thank the \r\neditors and reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions." article_number: e32035 article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Pavel full_name: Payne, Pavel id: 35F78294-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Payne orcid: 0000-0002-2711-9453 - first_name: Lukas full_name: Geyrhofer, Lukas last_name: Geyrhofer - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Jonathan P full_name: Bollback, Jonathan P id: 2C6FA9CC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bollback orcid: 0000-0002-4624-4612 citation: ama: Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. CRISPR-based herd immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations. eLife. 2018;7. doi:10.7554/eLife.32035 apa: Payne, P., Geyrhofer, L., Barton, N. H., & Bollback, J. P. (2018). CRISPR-based herd immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32035 chicago: Payne, Pavel, Lukas Geyrhofer, Nicholas H Barton, and Jonathan P Bollback. “CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Can Limit Phage Epidemics in Bacterial Populations.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32035. ieee: P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N. H. Barton, and J. P. Bollback, “CRISPR-based herd immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations,” eLife, vol. 7. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018. ista: Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. 2018. CRISPR-based herd immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations. eLife. 7, e32035. mla: Payne, Pavel, et al. “CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Can Limit Phage Epidemics in Bacterial Populations.” ELife, vol. 7, e32035, eLife Sciences Publications, 2018, doi:10.7554/eLife.32035. short: P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N.H. Barton, J.P. Bollback, ELife 7 (2018). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:23Z date_published: 2018-03-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T12:49:17Z day: '09' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: JoBo doi: 10.7554/eLife.32035 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000431035800001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 447cf6e680bdc3c01062a8737d876569 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2018-12-17T10:36:07Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:25Z file_id: '5689' file_name: 2018_eLife_Payne.pdf file_size: 3533881 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:25Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 7' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 2578D616-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '648440' name: Selective Barriers to Horizontal Gene Transfer publication: eLife publication_status: published publisher: eLife Sciences Publications publist_id: '7400' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9840' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: CRISPR-based herd immunity can limit phage epidemics in bacterial populations tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 7 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '9840' abstract: - lang: eng text: Herd immunity, a process in which resistant individuals limit the spread of a pathogen among susceptible hosts has been extensively studied in eukaryotes. Even though bacteria have evolved multiple immune systems against their phage pathogens, herd immunity in bacteria remains unexplored. Here we experimentally demonstrate that herd immunity arises during phage epidemics in structured and unstructured Escherichia coli populations consisting of differing frequencies of susceptible and resistant cells harboring CRISPR immunity. In addition, we develop a mathematical model that quantifies how herd immunity is affected by spatial population structure, bacterial growth rate, and phage replication rate. Using our model we infer a general epidemiological rule describing the relative speed of an epidemic in partially resistant spatially structured populations. Our experimental and theoretical findings indicate that herd immunity may be important in bacterial communities, allowing for stable coexistence of bacteria and their phages and the maintenance of polymorphism in bacterial immunity. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Pavel full_name: Payne, Pavel id: 35F78294-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Payne orcid: 0000-0002-2711-9453 - first_name: Lukas full_name: Geyrhofer, Lukas last_name: Geyrhofer - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Jonathan P full_name: Bollback, Jonathan P id: 2C6FA9CC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bollback orcid: 0000-0002-4624-4612 citation: ama: 'Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. Data from: CRISPR-based herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations. 2018. doi:10.5061/dryad.42n44' apa: 'Payne, P., Geyrhofer, L., Barton, N. H., & Bollback, J. P. (2018). Data from: CRISPR-based herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.42n44' chicago: 'Payne, Pavel, Lukas Geyrhofer, Nicholas H Barton, and Jonathan P Bollback. “Data from: CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Limits Phage Epidemics in Bacterial Populations.” Dryad, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.42n44.' ieee: 'P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N. H. Barton, and J. P. Bollback, “Data from: CRISPR-based herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations.” Dryad, 2018.' ista: 'Payne P, Geyrhofer L, Barton NH, Bollback JP. 2018. Data from: CRISPR-based herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.42n44.' mla: 'Payne, Pavel, et al. Data from: CRISPR-Based Herd Immunity Limits Phage Epidemics in Bacterial Populations. Dryad, 2018, doi:10.5061/dryad.42n44.' short: P. Payne, L. Geyrhofer, N.H. Barton, J.P. Bollback, (2018). date_created: 2021-08-09T13:10:02Z date_published: 2018-03-12T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T12:49:17Z day: '12' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: JoBo doi: 10.5061/dryad.42n44 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.42n44 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Dryad related_material: record: - id: '423' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: 'Data from: CRISPR-based herd immunity limits phage epidemics in bacterial populations' type: research_data_reference user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf year: '2018' ... --- _id: '564' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Maladapted individuals can only colonise a new habitat if they can evolve a\r\npositive growth rate fast enough to avoid extinction, a process known as evolutionary\r\nrescue. We treat log fitness at low density in the new habitat as a\r\nsingle polygenic trait and thus use the infinitesimal model to follow the evolution\r\nof the growth rate; this assumes that the trait values of offspring of a\r\nsexual union are normally distributed around the mean of the parents’ trait\r\nvalues, with variance that depends only on the parents’ relatedness. The\r\nprobability that a single migrant can establish depends on just two parameters:\r\nthe mean and genetic variance of the trait in the source population.\r\nThe chance of success becomes small if migrants come from a population\r\nwith mean growth rate in the new habitat more than a few standard deviations\r\nbelow zero; this chance depends roughly equally on the probability\r\nthat the initial founder is unusually fit, and on the subsequent increase in\r\ngrowth rate of its offspring as a result of selection. The loss of genetic variation\r\nduring the founding event is substantial, but highly variable. With\r\ncontinued migration at rate M, establishment is inevitable; when migration\r\nis rare, the expected time to establishment decreases inversely with M.\r\nHowever, above a threshold migration rate, the population may be trapped\r\nin a ‘sink’ state, in which adaptation is held back by gene flow; above this\r\nthreshold, the expected time to establishment increases exponentially with M. This threshold behaviour is captured by a deterministic approximation,\r\nwhich assumes a Gaussian distribution of the trait in the founder population\r\nwith mean and variance evolving deterministically. By assuming a constant\r\ngenetic variance, we also develop a diffusion approximation for the joint distribution\r\nof population size and trait mean, which extends to include stabilising\r\nselection and density regulation. Divergence of the population from its\r\nancestors causes partial reproductive isolation, which we measure through\r\nthe reproductive value of migrants into the newly established population." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Alison full_name: Etheridge, Alison last_name: Etheridge citation: ama: Barton NH, Etheridge A. Establishment in a new habitat by polygenic adaptation. Theoretical Population Biology. 2018;122(7):110-127. doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2017.11.007 apa: Barton, N. H., & Etheridge, A. (2018). Establishment in a new habitat by polygenic adaptation. Theoretical Population Biology. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.11.007 chicago: Barton, Nicholas H, and Alison Etheridge. “Establishment in a New Habitat by Polygenic Adaptation.” Theoretical Population Biology. Academic Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.11.007. ieee: N. H. Barton and A. Etheridge, “Establishment in a new habitat by polygenic adaptation,” Theoretical Population Biology, vol. 122, no. 7. Academic Press, pp. 110–127, 2018. ista: Barton NH, Etheridge A. 2018. Establishment in a new habitat by polygenic adaptation. Theoretical Population Biology. 122(7), 110–127. mla: Barton, Nicholas H., and Alison Etheridge. “Establishment in a New Habitat by Polygenic Adaptation.” Theoretical Population Biology, vol. 122, no. 7, Academic Press, 2018, pp. 110–27, doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2017.11.007. short: N.H. Barton, A. Etheridge, Theoretical Population Biology 122 (2018) 110–127. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:12Z date_published: 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T13:41:22Z day: '01' ddc: - '519' - '576' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1016/j.tpb.2017.11.007 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000440392900014' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 0b96f6db47e3e91b5e7d103b847c239d content_type: application/pdf creator: nbarton date_created: 2019-12-21T09:36:39Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:09Z file_id: '7199' file_name: bartonetheridge.pdf file_size: 2287682 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:09Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 122' isi: 1 issue: '7' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Submitted Version page: 110-127 project: - _id: 25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '250152' name: Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation publication: Theoretical Population Biology publication_status: published publisher: Academic Press publist_id: '7250' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9842' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Establishment in a new habitat by polygenic adaptation tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) short: CC BY-NC (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 122 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '563' abstract: - lang: eng text: "In continuous populations with local migration, nearby pairs of individuals have on average more similar genotypes\r\nthan geographically well separated pairs. A barrier to gene flow distorts this classical pattern of isolation by distance. Genetic similarity is decreased for sample pairs on different sides of the barrier and increased for pairs on the same side near the barrier. Here, we introduce an inference scheme that utilizes this signal to detect and estimate the strength of a linear barrier to gene flow in two-dimensions. We use a diffusion approximation to model the effects of a barrier on the geographical spread of ancestry backwards in time. This approach allows us to calculate the chance of recent coalescence and probability of identity by descent. We introduce an inference scheme that fits these theoretical results to the geographical covariance structure of bialleleic genetic markers. It can estimate the strength of the barrier as well as several demographic parameters. We investigate the power of our inference scheme to detect barriers by applying it to a wide range of simulated data. We also showcase an example application to a Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon) flower color hybrid zone, where we do not detect any signal of a strong genome wide barrier to gene flow." article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Harald full_name: Ringbauer, Harald id: 417FCFF4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Ringbauer orcid: 0000-0002-4884-9682 - first_name: Alexander full_name: Kolesnikov, Alexander id: 2D157DB6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kolesnikov - first_name: David full_name: Field, David last_name: Field - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Ringbauer H, Kolesnikov A, Field D, Barton NH. Estimating barriers to gene flow from distorted isolation-by-distance patterns. Genetics. 2018;208(3):1231-1245. doi:10.1534/genetics.117.300638 apa: Ringbauer, H., Kolesnikov, A., Field, D., & Barton, N. H. (2018). Estimating barriers to gene flow from distorted isolation-by-distance patterns. Genetics. Genetics Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300638 chicago: Ringbauer, Harald, Alexander Kolesnikov, David Field, and Nicholas H Barton. “Estimating Barriers to Gene Flow from Distorted Isolation-by-Distance Patterns.” Genetics. Genetics Society of America, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300638. ieee: H. Ringbauer, A. Kolesnikov, D. Field, and N. H. Barton, “Estimating barriers to gene flow from distorted isolation-by-distance patterns,” Genetics, vol. 208, no. 3. Genetics Society of America, pp. 1231–1245, 2018. ista: Ringbauer H, Kolesnikov A, Field D, Barton NH. 2018. Estimating barriers to gene flow from distorted isolation-by-distance patterns. Genetics. 208(3), 1231–1245. mla: Ringbauer, Harald, et al. “Estimating Barriers to Gene Flow from Distorted Isolation-by-Distance Patterns.” Genetics, vol. 208, no. 3, Genetics Society of America, 2018, pp. 1231–45, doi:10.1534/genetics.117.300638. short: H. Ringbauer, A. Kolesnikov, D. Field, N.H. Barton, Genetics 208 (2018) 1231–1245. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:12Z date_published: 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T13:42:38Z day: '01' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: ChLa doi: 10.1534/genetics.117.300638 external_id: isi: - '000426219600025' intvolume: ' 208' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/205484v1 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 1231-1245 publication: Genetics publication_status: published publisher: Genetics Society of America publist_id: '7251' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '200' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Estimating barriers to gene flow from distorted isolation-by-distance patterns type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 208 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '316' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetically based recognition system that functions to prevent self-fertilization and mating among related plants. An enduring puzzle in SI is how the high diversity observed in nature arises and is maintained. Based on the underlying recognition mechanism, SI can be classified into two main groups: self- and non-self recognition. Most work has focused on diversification within self-recognition systems despite expected differences between the two groups in the evolutionary pathways and outcomes of diversification. Here, we use a deterministic population genetic model and stochastic simulations to investigate how novel S-haplotypes evolve in a gametophytic non-self recognition (SRNase/S Locus F-box (SLF)) SI system. For this model the pathways for diversification involve either the maintenance or breakdown of SI and can vary in the order of mutations of the female (SRNase) and male (SLF) components. We show analytically that diversification can occur with high inbreeding depression and self-pollination, but this varies with evolutionary pathway and level of completeness (which determines the number of potential mating partners in the population), and in general is more likely for lower haplotype number. The conditions for diversification are broader in stochastic simulations of finite population size. However, the number of haplotypes observed under high inbreeding and moderate to high self-pollination is less than that commonly observed in nature. Diversification was observed through pathways that maintain SI as well as through self-compatible intermediates. Yet the lifespan of diversified haplotypes was sensitive to their level of completeness. By examining diversification in a non-self recognition SI system, this model extends our understanding of the evolution and maintenance of haplotype diversity observed in a self recognition system common in flowering plants.' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Katarina full_name: Bodova, Katarina id: 2BA24EA0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bodova orcid: 0000-0002-7214-0171 - first_name: Tadeas full_name: Priklopil, Tadeas id: 3C869AA0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Priklopil - first_name: David full_name: Field, David id: 419049E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Field orcid: 0000-0002-4014-8478 - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Melinda full_name: Pickup, Melinda id: 2C78037E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pickup orcid: 0000-0001-6118-0541 citation: ama: Bodova K, Priklopil T, Field D, Barton NH, Pickup M. Evolutionary pathways for the generation of new self-incompatibility haplotypes in a non-self recognition system. Genetics. 2018;209(3):861-883. doi:10.1534/genetics.118.300748 apa: Bodova, K., Priklopil, T., Field, D., Barton, N. H., & Pickup, M. (2018). Evolutionary pathways for the generation of new self-incompatibility haplotypes in a non-self recognition system. Genetics. Genetics Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.118.300748 chicago: Bodova, Katarina, Tadeas Priklopil, David Field, Nicholas H Barton, and Melinda Pickup. “Evolutionary Pathways for the Generation of New Self-Incompatibility Haplotypes in a Non-Self Recognition System.” Genetics. Genetics Society of America, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.118.300748. ieee: K. Bodova, T. Priklopil, D. Field, N. H. Barton, and M. Pickup, “Evolutionary pathways for the generation of new self-incompatibility haplotypes in a non-self recognition system,” Genetics, vol. 209, no. 3. Genetics Society of America, pp. 861–883, 2018. ista: Bodova K, Priklopil T, Field D, Barton NH, Pickup M. 2018. Evolutionary pathways for the generation of new self-incompatibility haplotypes in a non-self recognition system. Genetics. 209(3), 861–883. mla: Bodova, Katarina, et al. “Evolutionary Pathways for the Generation of New Self-Incompatibility Haplotypes in a Non-Self Recognition System.” Genetics, vol. 209, no. 3, Genetics Society of America, 2018, pp. 861–83, doi:10.1534/genetics.118.300748. short: K. Bodova, T. Priklopil, D. Field, N.H. Barton, M. Pickup, Genetics 209 (2018) 861–883. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:47Z date_published: 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T13:57:43Z day: '01' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: GaTk doi: 10.1534/genetics.118.300748 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000437171700017' intvolume: ' 209' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.biorxiv.org/node/80098.abstract month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 861-883 project: - _id: 25B36484-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '329960' name: Mating system and the evolutionary dynamics of hybrid zones - _id: 25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '250152' name: Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation - _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '291734' name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme publication: Genetics publication_status: published publisher: Genetics Society of America quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on IST Homepage relation: press_release url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/recognizing-others-but-not-yourself-new-insights-into-the-evolution-of-plant-mating/ record: - id: '9813' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Evolutionary pathways for the generation of new self-incompatibility haplotypes in a non-self recognition system type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 209 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '9813' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'File S1 contains figures that clarify the following features: (i) effect of population size on the average number/frequency of SI classes, (ii) changes in the minimal completeness deficit in time for a single class, and (iii) diversification diagrams for all studied pathways, including the summary figure for k = 8. File S2 contains the code required for a stochastic simulation of the SLF system with an example. This file also includes the output in the form of figures and tables.' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Katarína full_name: Bod'ová, Katarína id: 2BA24EA0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bod'ová orcid: 0000-0002-7214-0171 - first_name: Tadeas full_name: Priklopil, Tadeas id: 3C869AA0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Priklopil - first_name: David full_name: Field, David id: 419049E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Field orcid: 0000-0002-4014-8478 - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Melinda full_name: Pickup, Melinda id: 2C78037E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pickup orcid: 0000-0001-6118-0541 citation: ama: Bodova K, Priklopil T, Field D, Barton NH, Pickup M. Supplemental material for Bodova et al., 2018. 2018. doi:10.25386/genetics.6148304.v1 apa: Bodova, K., Priklopil, T., Field, D., Barton, N. H., & Pickup, M. (2018). Supplemental material for Bodova et al., 2018. Genetics Society of America. https://doi.org/10.25386/genetics.6148304.v1 chicago: Bodova, Katarina, Tadeas Priklopil, David Field, Nicholas H Barton, and Melinda Pickup. “Supplemental Material for Bodova et Al., 2018.” Genetics Society of America, 2018. https://doi.org/10.25386/genetics.6148304.v1. ieee: K. Bodova, T. Priklopil, D. Field, N. H. Barton, and M. Pickup, “Supplemental material for Bodova et al., 2018.” Genetics Society of America, 2018. ista: Bodova K, Priklopil T, Field D, Barton NH, Pickup M. 2018. Supplemental material for Bodova et al., 2018, Genetics Society of America, 10.25386/genetics.6148304.v1. mla: Bodova, Katarina, et al. Supplemental Material for Bodova et Al., 2018. Genetics Society of America, 2018, doi:10.25386/genetics.6148304.v1. short: K. Bodova, T. Priklopil, D. Field, N.H. Barton, M. Pickup, (2018). date_created: 2021-08-06T13:04:32Z date_published: 2018-04-30T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T13:57:42Z day: '30' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: GaTk doi: 10.25386/genetics.6148304.v1 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.25386/genetics.6148304.v1 month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Genetics Society of America related_material: record: - id: '316' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: Supplemental material for Bodova et al., 2018 type: research_data_reference user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf year: '2018' ... --- _id: '723' abstract: - lang: eng text: Escaping local optima is one of the major obstacles to function optimisation. Using the metaphor of a fitness landscape, local optima correspond to hills separated by fitness valleys that have to be overcome. We define a class of fitness valleys of tunable difficulty by considering their length, representing the Hamming path between the two optima and their depth, the drop in fitness. For this function class we present a runtime comparison between stochastic search algorithms using different search strategies. The (1+1) EA is a simple and well-studied evolutionary algorithm that has to jump across the valley to a point of higher fitness because it does not accept worsening moves (elitism). In contrast, the Metropolis algorithm and the Strong Selection Weak Mutation (SSWM) algorithm, a famous process in population genetics, are both able to cross the fitness valley by accepting worsening moves. We show that the runtime of the (1+1) EA depends critically on the length of the valley while the runtimes of the non-elitist algorithms depend crucially on the depth of the valley. Moreover, we show that both SSWM and Metropolis can also efficiently optimise a rugged function consisting of consecutive valleys. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Pietro full_name: Oliveto, Pietro last_name: Oliveto - first_name: Tiago full_name: Paixao, Tiago id: 2C5658E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Paixao orcid: 0000-0003-2361-3953 - first_name: Jorge full_name: Pérez Heredia, Jorge last_name: Pérez Heredia - first_name: Dirk full_name: Sudholt, Dirk last_name: Sudholt - first_name: Barbora full_name: Trubenova, Barbora id: 42302D54-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Trubenova orcid: 0000-0002-6873-2967 citation: ama: Oliveto P, Paixao T, Pérez Heredia J, Sudholt D, Trubenova B. How to escape local optima in black box optimisation when non elitism outperforms elitism. Algorithmica. 2018;80(5):1604-1633. doi:10.1007/s00453-017-0369-2 apa: Oliveto, P., Paixao, T., Pérez Heredia, J., Sudholt, D., & Trubenova, B. (2018). How to escape local optima in black box optimisation when non elitism outperforms elitism. Algorithmica. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-017-0369-2 chicago: Oliveto, Pietro, Tiago Paixao, Jorge Pérez Heredia, Dirk Sudholt, and Barbora Trubenova. “How to Escape Local Optima in Black Box Optimisation When Non Elitism Outperforms Elitism.” Algorithmica. Springer, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-017-0369-2. ieee: P. Oliveto, T. Paixao, J. Pérez Heredia, D. Sudholt, and B. Trubenova, “How to escape local optima in black box optimisation when non elitism outperforms elitism,” Algorithmica, vol. 80, no. 5. Springer, pp. 1604–1633, 2018. ista: Oliveto P, Paixao T, Pérez Heredia J, Sudholt D, Trubenova B. 2018. How to escape local optima in black box optimisation when non elitism outperforms elitism. Algorithmica. 80(5), 1604–1633. mla: Oliveto, Pietro, et al. “How to Escape Local Optima in Black Box Optimisation When Non Elitism Outperforms Elitism.” Algorithmica, vol. 80, no. 5, Springer, 2018, pp. 1604–33, doi:10.1007/s00453-017-0369-2. short: P. Oliveto, T. Paixao, J. Pérez Heredia, D. Sudholt, B. Trubenova, Algorithmica 80 (2018) 1604–1633. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:09Z date_published: 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T14:11:35Z day: '01' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: CaGu doi: 10.1007/s00453-017-0369-2 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000428239300010' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 7d92f5d7be81e387edeec4f06442791c content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:08:14Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:54Z file_id: '4674' file_name: IST-2018-1014-v1+1_2018_Paixao_Escape.pdf file_size: 691245 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:54Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 80' isi: 1 issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1604 - 1633 project: - _id: 25B1EC9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '618091' name: Speed of Adaptation in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computation publication: Algorithmica publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '6957' pubrep_id: '1014' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: How to escape local optima in black box optimisation when non elitism outperforms elitism tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 80 year: '2018' ...