[{"volume":36,"issue":"9","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2374-3468"],"isbn":["1577358767"]},"publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":" https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2203.01640"}],"month":"06","intvolume":" 36","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We treat the problem of risk-aware control for stochastic shortest path (SSP) on Markov decision processes (MDP). Typically, expectation is considered for SSP, which however is oblivious to the incurred risk. We present an alternative view, instead optimizing conditional value-at-risk (CVaR), an established risk measure. We treat both Markov chains as well as MDP and introduce, through novel insights, two algorithms, based on linear programming and value iteration, respectively. Both algorithms offer precise and provably correct solutions. Evaluation of our prototype implementation shows that risk-aware control is feasible on several moderately sized models."}],"oa_version":"Preprint","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2023-02-20T07:19:12Z","type":"conference","conference":{"start_date":"2022-02-22","location":"Virtual","end_date":"2022-03-01","name":"Conference on Artificial Intelligence"},"status":"public","_id":"12568","page":"9858-9867","doi":"10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222","date_published":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2023-02-19T23:00:56Z","year":"2022","day":"28","publication":"Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","oa":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Tobias","id":"b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1","last_name":"Meggendorfer","full_name":"Meggendorfer, Tobias","orcid":"0000-0002-1712-2165"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2203.01640"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Risk-aware stochastic shortest path","citation":{"ista":"Meggendorfer T. 2022. Risk-aware stochastic shortest path. Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022. Conference on Artificial Intelligence vol. 36, 9858–9867.","chicago":"Meggendorfer, Tobias. “Risk-Aware Stochastic Shortest Path.” In Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022, 36:9858–67. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222.","ama":"Meggendorfer T. Risk-aware stochastic shortest path. In: Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022. Vol 36. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence; 2022:9858-9867. doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222","apa":"Meggendorfer, T. (2022). Risk-aware stochastic shortest path. In Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022 (Vol. 36, pp. 9858–9867). Virtual: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222","short":"T. Meggendorfer, in:, Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2022, pp. 9858–9867.","ieee":"T. Meggendorfer, “Risk-aware stochastic shortest path,” in Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022, Virtual, 2022, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 9858–9867.","mla":"Meggendorfer, Tobias. “Risk-Aware Stochastic Shortest Path.” Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022, vol. 36, no. 9, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2022, pp. 9858–67, doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222."},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"publication":"Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications","day":"01","year":"2022","has_accepted_license":"1","date_created":"2022-08-21T22:01:56Z","date_published":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.7155/jgaa.00591","page":"225-240","acknowledgement":"A.A. funded by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 754411. Z.M. partially funded by Wittgenstein Prize, Austrian Science Fund (FWF), grant no. Z 342-N31. I.P., D.P., and B.V. partially supported by FWF within the collaborative DACH project Arrangements and Drawings as FWF project I 3340-N35. A.P. supported by a Schrödinger fellowship of the FWF: J-3847-N35. J.T. partially supported by ERC Start grant no. (279307: Graph Games), FWF grant no. P23499-N23 and S11407-N23 (RiSE).","oa":1,"publisher":"Brown University","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"chicago":"Aichholzer, Oswin, Alan M Arroyo Guevara, Zuzana Masárová, Irene Parada, Daniel Perz, Alexander Pilz, Josef Tkadlec, and Birgit Vogtenhuber. “On Compatible Matchings.” Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications. Brown University, 2022. https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.00591.","ista":"Aichholzer O, Arroyo Guevara AM, Masárová Z, Parada I, Perz D, Pilz A, Tkadlec J, Vogtenhuber B. 2022. On compatible matchings. Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications. 26(2), 225–240.","mla":"Aichholzer, Oswin, et al. “On Compatible Matchings.” Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications, vol. 26, no. 2, Brown University, 2022, pp. 225–40, doi:10.7155/jgaa.00591.","ama":"Aichholzer O, Arroyo Guevara AM, Masárová Z, et al. On compatible matchings. Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications. 2022;26(2):225-240. doi:10.7155/jgaa.00591","apa":"Aichholzer, O., Arroyo Guevara, A. M., Masárová, Z., Parada, I., Perz, D., Pilz, A., … Vogtenhuber, B. (2022). On compatible matchings. Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications. Brown University. https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.00591","short":"O. Aichholzer, A.M. Arroyo Guevara, Z. Masárová, I. Parada, D. Perz, A. Pilz, J. Tkadlec, B. Vogtenhuber, Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications 26 (2022) 225–240.","ieee":"O. Aichholzer et al., “On compatible matchings,” Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications, vol. 26, no. 2. Brown University, pp. 225–240, 2022."},"title":"On compatible matchings","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2101.03928"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Aichholzer","full_name":"Aichholzer, Oswin","first_name":"Oswin"},{"full_name":"Arroyo Guevara, Alan M","orcid":"0000-0003-2401-8670","last_name":"Arroyo Guevara","id":"3207FDC6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Alan M"},{"full_name":"Masárová, Zuzana","orcid":"0000-0002-6660-1322","last_name":"Masárová","id":"45CFE238-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Zuzana"},{"last_name":"Parada","full_name":"Parada, Irene","first_name":"Irene"},{"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Perz","full_name":"Perz, Daniel"},{"last_name":"Pilz","full_name":"Pilz, Alexander","first_name":"Alexander"},{"first_name":"Josef","id":"3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-1097-9684","full_name":"Tkadlec, Josef","last_name":"Tkadlec"},{"last_name":"Vogtenhuber","full_name":"Vogtenhuber, Birgit","first_name":"Birgit"}],"project":[{"name":"ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships","grant_number":"754411","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"268116B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"The Wittgenstein Prize","grant_number":"Z00342"},{"_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications","grant_number":"279307"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification","grant_number":"P 23499-N23"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Game Theory","grant_number":"S11407"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","checksum":"dc6e255e3558faff924fd9e370886c11","file_id":"11940","success":1,"date_updated":"2022-08-22T06:42:42Z","file_size":694538,"creator":"dernst","date_created":"2022-08-22T06:42:42Z","file_name":"2022_JourGraphAlgorithmsApplic_Aichholzer.pdf"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1526-1719"]},"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","ec_funded":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","id":"9296","status":"public"}]},"issue":"2","volume":26,"oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A matching is compatible to two or more labeled point sets of size n with labels {1, . . . , n} if its straight-line drawing on each of these point sets is crossing-free. We study the maximum number of edges in a matching compatible to two or more labeled point sets in general position in the plane. We show that for any two labeled sets of n points in convex position there exists a compatible matching with ⌊√2n + 1 − 1⌋ edges. More generally, for any ℓ labeled point sets we construct compatible matchings of size Ω(n1/ℓ). As a corresponding upper bound, we use probabilistic arguments to show that for any ℓ given sets of n points there exists a labeling of each set such that the largest compatible matching has O(n2/(ℓ+1)) edges. Finally, we show that Θ(log n) copies of any set of n points are necessary and sufficient for the existence of labelings of these point sets such that any compatible matching consists only of a single edge."}],"intvolume":" 26","month":"06","scopus_import":"1","ddc":["000"],"date_updated":"2023-02-23T13:54:21Z","department":[{"_id":"UlWa"},{"_id":"HeEd"},{"_id":"KrCh"}],"file_date_updated":"2022-08-22T06:42:42Z","_id":"11938","status":"public","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"type":"journal_article","article_type":"original"},{"acknowledgement":"This research was partially supported by the ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt) grant.","oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In modern sample-driven Prophet Inequality, an adversary chooses a sequence of n items with values v1,v2,…,vn to be presented to a decision maker (DM). The process follows in two phases. In the first phase (sampling phase), some items, possibly selected at random, are revealed to the DM, but she can never accept them. In the second phase, the DM is presented with the other items in a random order and online fashion. For each item, she must make an irrevocable decision to either accept the item and stop the process or reject the item forever and proceed to the next item. The goal of the DM is to maximize the expected value as compared to a Prophet (or offline algorithm) that has access to all information. In this setting, the sampling phase has no cost and is not part of the optimization process. However, in many scenarios, the samples are obtained as part of the decision-making process.\r\nWe model this aspect as a two-phase Prophet Inequality where an adversary chooses a sequence of 2n items with values v1,v2,…,v2n and the items are randomly ordered. Finally, there are two phases of the Prophet Inequality problem with the first n-items and the rest of the items, respectively. We show that some basic algorithms achieve a ratio of at most 0.450. We present an algorithm that achieves a ratio of at least 0.495. Finally, we show that for every algorithm the ratio it can achieve is at most 0.502. Hence our algorithm is near-optimal."}],"month":"09","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":" https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2209.14368"}],"oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"arXiv","day":"28","publication_status":"submitted","year":"2022","ec_funded":1,"date_created":"2023-02-24T12:21:40Z","date_published":"2022-09-28T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.48550/ARXIV.2209.14368","article_number":"2209.14368","_id":"12677","status":"public","project":[{"_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"863818","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications"}],"type":"preprint","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"ista":"Chatterjee K, Mohammadi M, Saona Urmeneta RJ. Repeated prophet inequality with near-optimal bounds. arXiv, 2209.14368.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Mona Mohammadi, and Raimundo J Saona Urmeneta. “Repeated Prophet Inequality with Near-Optimal Bounds.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2209.14368.","short":"K. Chatterjee, M. Mohammadi, R.J. Saona Urmeneta, ArXiv (n.d.).","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, M. Mohammadi, and R. J. Saona Urmeneta, “Repeated prophet inequality with near-optimal bounds,” arXiv. .","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Mohammadi, M., & Saona Urmeneta, R. J. (n.d.). Repeated prophet inequality with near-optimal bounds. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2209.14368","ama":"Chatterjee K, Mohammadi M, Saona Urmeneta RJ. Repeated prophet inequality with near-optimal bounds. arXiv. doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2209.14368","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Repeated Prophet Inequality with Near-Optimal Bounds.” ArXiv, 2209.14368, doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2209.14368."},"date_updated":"2023-02-27T10:07:40Z","title":"Repeated prophet inequality with near-optimal bounds","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"KrCh"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2209.14368"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"first_name":"Mona","id":"4363614d-b686-11ed-a7d5-ac9e4a24bc2e","full_name":"Mohammadi, Mona","last_name":"Mohammadi"},{"first_name":"Raimundo J","id":"BD1DF4C4-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425","last_name":"Saona Urmeneta","orcid":"0000-0001-5103-038X","full_name":"Saona Urmeneta, Raimundo J"}]},{"publisher":"Springer Nature","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"acknowledgement":"This work is partially funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) projects Verified Model Checkers (No. 317422601) and Statistical Unbounded Verification (No. 383882557), and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation with funds from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. It is an extended version of [21], including all proofs together with further explanations and examples. Moreover, we provide a new, more efficient construction based on (total) preorders, unifying previous optimizations. Experiments are performed with a new, performant implementation, comparing our approach to the current state of the art.","doi":"10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y","date_published":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2022-01-06T12:37:27Z","page":"585-618","day":"01","publication":"Acta Informatica","isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2022","project":[{"_id":"B67AFEDC-15C9-11EA-A837-991A96BB2854","name":"IST Austria Open Access Fund"}],"title":"Index appearance record with preorders","author":[{"first_name":"Jan","id":"44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Kretinsky","orcid":"0000-0002-8122-2881","full_name":"Kretinsky, Jan"},{"last_name":"Meggendorfer","orcid":"0000-0002-1712-2165","full_name":"Meggendorfer, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias","id":"b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1"},{"first_name":"Clara","full_name":"Waldmann, Clara","last_name":"Waldmann"},{"first_name":"Maximilian","last_name":"Weininger","full_name":"Weininger, Maximilian"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000735765500001"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","citation":{"ista":"Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Waldmann C, Weininger M. 2022. Index appearance record with preorders. Acta Informatica. 59, 585–618.","chicago":"Kretinsky, Jan, Tobias Meggendorfer, Clara Waldmann, and Maximilian Weininger. “Index Appearance Record with Preorders.” Acta Informatica. Springer Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y.","ama":"Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Waldmann C, Weininger M. Index appearance record with preorders. Acta Informatica. 2022;59:585-618. doi:10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y","apa":"Kretinsky, J., Meggendorfer, T., Waldmann, C., & Weininger, M. (2022). Index appearance record with preorders. Acta Informatica. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y","short":"J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, C. Waldmann, M. Weininger, Acta Informatica 59 (2022) 585–618.","ieee":"J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, C. Waldmann, and M. Weininger, “Index appearance record with preorders,” Acta Informatica, vol. 59. Springer Nature, pp. 585–618, 2022.","mla":"Kretinsky, Jan, et al. “Index Appearance Record with Preorders.” Acta Informatica, vol. 59, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 585–618, doi:10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y."},"month":"10","intvolume":" 59","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"Transforming ω-automata into parity automata is traditionally done using appearance records. We present an efficient variant of this idea, tailored to Rabin automata, and several optimizations applicable to all appearance records. We compare the methods experimentally and show that our method produces significantly smaller automata than previous approaches.","lang":"eng"}],"volume":59,"file":[{"success":1,"file_id":"10603","checksum":"bf1c195b6aaf59e8530cf9e3a9d731f7","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2021_ActaInfor_Křetínský.pdf","date_created":"2022-01-07T07:50:31Z","file_size":1066082,"date_updated":"2022-01-07T07:50:31Z","creator":"cchlebak"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0001-5903"],"eissn":["1432-0525"]},"publication_status":"published","status":"public","keyword":["computer networks and communications","information systems","software"],"article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"10602","file_date_updated":"2022-01-07T07:50:31Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"ddc":["000"],"date_updated":"2023-08-02T13:49:28Z"},{"date_published":"2022-01-27T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-05333-5","date_created":"2022-02-06T23:01:30Z","has_accepted_license":"1","isi":1,"year":"2022","day":"27","publication":"Scientific Reports","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Springer Nature","oa":1,"acknowledgement":"K.C. acknowledges support from ERC Consolidator Grant No. (863818: ForM-SMart). A.P. acknowledges support from FWF Grant No. J-4220. M.A.N. acknowledges support from Office of Naval Research grant N00014-16-1-2914 and from the John Templeton Foundation.","author":[{"first_name":"Jakub","id":"130759D2-D7DD-11E9-87D2-DE0DE6697425","last_name":"Svoboda","full_name":"Svoboda, Jakub"},{"last_name":"Tkadlec","full_name":"Tkadlec, Josef","first_name":"Josef"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8943-0722","full_name":"Pavlogiannis, Andreas","last_name":"Pavlogiannis","first_name":"Andreas","id":"49704004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee","first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Nowak","full_name":"Nowak, Martin A.","first_name":"Martin A."}],"article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"isi":["000749198000039"],"arxiv":["2012.15155"]},"title":"Infection dynamics of COVID-19 virus under lockdown and reopening","citation":{"ama":"Svoboda J, Tkadlec J, Pavlogiannis A, Chatterjee K, Nowak MA. Infection dynamics of COVID-19 virus under lockdown and reopening. Scientific Reports. 2022;12(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-022-05333-5","apa":"Svoboda, J., Tkadlec, J., Pavlogiannis, A., Chatterjee, K., & Nowak, M. A. (2022). Infection dynamics of COVID-19 virus under lockdown and reopening. Scientific Reports. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05333-5","ieee":"J. Svoboda, J. Tkadlec, A. Pavlogiannis, K. Chatterjee, and M. A. Nowak, “Infection dynamics of COVID-19 virus under lockdown and reopening,” Scientific Reports, vol. 12, no. 1. Springer Nature, 2022.","short":"J. Svoboda, J. Tkadlec, A. Pavlogiannis, K. Chatterjee, M.A. Nowak, Scientific Reports 12 (2022).","mla":"Svoboda, Jakub, et al. “Infection Dynamics of COVID-19 Virus under Lockdown and Reopening.” Scientific Reports, vol. 12, no. 1, 1526, Springer Nature, 2022, doi:10.1038/s41598-022-05333-5.","ista":"Svoboda J, Tkadlec J, Pavlogiannis A, Chatterjee K, Nowak MA. 2022. Infection dynamics of COVID-19 virus under lockdown and reopening. Scientific Reports. 12(1), 1526.","chicago":"Svoboda, Jakub, Josef Tkadlec, Andreas Pavlogiannis, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Martin A. Nowak. “Infection Dynamics of COVID-19 Virus under Lockdown and Reopening.” Scientific Reports. Springer Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05333-5."},"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","grant_number":"863818"}],"article_number":"1526","volume":12,"issue":"1","ec_funded":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2045-2322"]},"publication_status":"published","file":[{"date_created":"2022-02-07T14:57:59Z","file_name":"2022_ScientificReports_Svoboda.pdf","creator":"alisjak","date_updated":"2022-02-07T14:57:59Z","file_size":2971922,"checksum":"247afd30c173390940f099ead35a28ed","file_id":"10744","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","month":"01","intvolume":" 12","abstract":[{"text":"Motivated by COVID-19, we develop and analyze a simple stochastic model for the spread of disease in human population. We track how the number of infected and critically ill people develops over time in order to estimate the demand that is imposed on the hospital system. To keep this demand under control, we consider a class of simple policies for slowing down and reopening society and we compare their efficiency in mitigating the spread of the virus from several different points of view. We find that in order to avoid overwhelming of the hospital system, a policy must impose a harsh lockdown or it must react swiftly (or both). While reacting swiftly is universally beneficial, being harsh pays off only when the country is patient about reopening and when the neighboring countries coordinate their mitigation efforts. Our work highlights the importance of acting decisively when closing down and the importance of patience and coordination between neighboring countries when reopening.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","file_date_updated":"2022-02-07T14:57:59Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2023-08-02T14:13:07Z","ddc":["570"],"type":"journal_article","article_type":"original","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"status":"public","_id":"10731"},{"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9781450392655"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"success":1,"file_id":"11466","checksum":"7eb915a2ca5b5ce4729321f33b2e16e1","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2022_PLDI_Zikelic.pdf","date_created":"2022-06-27T07:38:21Z","creator":"dernst","file_size":318697,"date_updated":"2022-06-27T07:38:21Z"}],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present a novel approach to differential cost analysis that, given a program revision, attempts to statically bound the difference in resource usage, or cost, between the two program versions. Differential cost analysis is particularly interesting because of the many compelling applications for it, such as detecting resource-use regressions at code-review time or proving the absence of certain side-channel vulnerabilities. One prior approach to differential cost analysis is to apply relational reasoning that conceptually constructs a product program on which one can over-approximate the difference in costs between the two program versions. However, a significant challenge in any relational approach is effectively aligning the program versions to get precise results. In this paper, our key insight is that we can avoid the need for and the limitations of program alignment if, instead, we bound the difference of two cost-bound summaries rather than directly bounding the concrete cost difference. In particular, our method computes a threshold value for the maximal difference in cost between two program versions simultaneously using two kinds of cost-bound summaries---a potential function that evaluates to an upper bound for the cost incurred in the first program and an anti-potential function that evaluates to a lower bound for the cost incurred in the second. Our method has a number of desirable properties: it can be fully automated, it allows optimizing the threshold value on relative cost, it is suitable for programs that are not syntactically similar, and it supports non-determinism. We have evaluated an implementation of our approach on a number of program pairs collected from the literature, and we find that our method computes tight threshold values on relative cost in most examples."}],"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","month":"06","date_updated":"2023-08-03T07:22:33Z","ddc":["000"],"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"KrCh"}],"file_date_updated":"2022-06-27T07:38:21Z","_id":"11459","conference":{"location":"San Diego, CA, United States","end_date":"2022-06-17","start_date":"2022-06-13","name":"PLDI: Programming Language Design and Implementation"},"tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png"},"type":"conference","status":"public","year":"2022","has_accepted_license":"1","isi":1,"publication":"Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","day":"09","page":"442-457","date_created":"2022-06-21T09:26:15Z","doi":"10.1145/3519939.3523435","date_published":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Shaun Willows, Thomas Lugnet, and the Living Room Application Vending team for suggesting threshold\r\nbounds as a developer-friendly way to interact with a differential cost analyzer, and we thank Jim Christy, Daniel\r\nSchoepe, and the Prime Video Automated Reasoning team for their support and helpful suggestions throughout the\r\nproject. We also thank Michael Emmi for feedback on an earlier version of this paper. And finally, we thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful feedback and Aws Albarghouthi for shepherding the final version of the paper. Ðorđe Žikelić was also partially supported by ERC CoG 863818 (FoRM-SMArt).","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery","citation":{"chicago":"Zikelic, Dorde, Bor-Yuh Evan Chang, Pauline Bolignano, and Franco Raimondi. “Differential Cost Analysis with Simultaneous Potentials and Anti-Potentials.” In Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, 442–57. Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1145/3519939.3523435.","ista":"Zikelic D, Chang B-YE, Bolignano P, Raimondi F. 2022. Differential cost analysis with simultaneous potentials and anti-potentials. Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation. PLDI: Programming Language Design and Implementation, 442–457.","mla":"Zikelic, Dorde, et al. “Differential Cost Analysis with Simultaneous Potentials and Anti-Potentials.” Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Association for Computing Machinery, 2022, pp. 442–57, doi:10.1145/3519939.3523435.","apa":"Zikelic, D., Chang, B.-Y. E., Bolignano, P., & Raimondi, F. (2022). Differential cost analysis with simultaneous potentials and anti-potentials. In Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (pp. 442–457). San Diego, CA, United States: Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3519939.3523435","ama":"Zikelic D, Chang B-YE, Bolignano P, Raimondi F. Differential cost analysis with simultaneous potentials and anti-potentials. In: Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation. Association for Computing Machinery; 2022:442-457. doi:10.1145/3519939.3523435","ieee":"D. Zikelic, B.-Y. E. Chang, P. Bolignano, and F. Raimondi, “Differential cost analysis with simultaneous potentials and anti-potentials,” in Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, San Diego, CA, United States, 2022, pp. 442–457.","short":"D. Zikelic, B.-Y.E. Chang, P. Bolignano, F. Raimondi, in:, Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Association for Computing Machinery, 2022, pp. 442–457."},"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2204.00870"],"isi":["000850435600030"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Zikelic","full_name":"Zikelic, Dorde","first_name":"Dorde","id":"294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Chang","full_name":"Chang, Bor-Yuh Evan","first_name":"Bor-Yuh Evan"},{"last_name":"Bolignano","full_name":"Bolignano, Pauline","first_name":"Pauline"},{"first_name":"Franco","last_name":"Raimondi","full_name":"Raimondi, Franco"}],"title":"Differential cost analysis with simultaneous potentials and anti-potentials","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","grant_number":"863818","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications"}]},{"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","citation":{"ista":"Chatterjee K, Svoboda J, Zikelic D, Pavlogiannis A, Tkadlec J. 2022. Social balance on networks: Local minima and best-edge dynamics. Physical Review E. 106(3), 034321.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Jakub Svoboda, Dorde Zikelic, Andreas Pavlogiannis, and Josef Tkadlec. “Social Balance on Networks: Local Minima and Best-Edge Dynamics.” Physical Review E. American Physical Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.106.034321.","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, J. Svoboda, D. Zikelic, A. Pavlogiannis, and J. Tkadlec, “Social balance on networks: Local minima and best-edge dynamics,” Physical Review E, vol. 106, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2022.","short":"K. Chatterjee, J. Svoboda, D. Zikelic, A. Pavlogiannis, J. Tkadlec, Physical Review E 106 (2022).","ama":"Chatterjee K, Svoboda J, Zikelic D, Pavlogiannis A, Tkadlec J. Social balance on networks: Local minima and best-edge dynamics. Physical Review E. 2022;106(3). doi:10.1103/physreve.106.034321","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Svoboda, J., Zikelic, D., Pavlogiannis, A., & Tkadlec, J. (2022). Social balance on networks: Local minima and best-edge dynamics. Physical Review E. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.106.034321","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Social Balance on Networks: Local Minima and Best-Edge Dynamics.” Physical Review E, vol. 106, no. 3, 034321, American Physical Society, 2022, doi:10.1103/physreve.106.034321."},"title":"Social balance on networks: Local minima and best-edge dynamics","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu"},{"first_name":"Jakub","id":"130759D2-D7DD-11E9-87D2-DE0DE6697425","full_name":"Svoboda, Jakub","last_name":"Svoboda"},{"id":"294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Dorde","last_name":"Zikelic","full_name":"Zikelic, Dorde"},{"first_name":"Andreas","id":"49704004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8943-0722","full_name":"Pavlogiannis, Andreas","last_name":"Pavlogiannis"},{"id":"3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Josef","last_name":"Tkadlec","full_name":"Tkadlec, Josef","orcid":"0000-0002-1097-9684"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2210.02394"],"isi":["000870243100001"]},"article_number":"034321","project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"279307","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications"},{"grant_number":"863818","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"P 23499-N23","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Game Theory","grant_number":"S11407"},{"_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"665385","name":"International IST Doctoral Program"}],"day":"29","publication":"Physical Review E","isi":1,"year":"2022","date_published":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1103/physreve.106.034321","date_created":"2023-01-16T09:57:57Z","acknowledgement":"K.C. acknowledges support from ERC Start Grant No. (279307: Graph Games), ERC Consolidator Grant No. (863818: ForM-SMart), and Austrian Science Fund (FWF)\r\nGrants No. P23499-N23 and No. S11407-N23 (RiSE). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie\r\nSkłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 665385.","publisher":"American Physical Society","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"date_updated":"2023-08-04T09:50:44Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"_id":"12257","status":"public","article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2470-0045"],"eissn":["2470-0053"]},"publication_status":"published","issue":"3","volume":106,"ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Structural balance theory is an established framework for studying social relationships of friendship and enmity. These relationships are modeled by a signed network whose energy potential measures the level of imbalance, while stochastic dynamics drives the network toward a state of minimum energy that captures social balance. It is known that this energy landscape has local minima that can trap socially aware dynamics, preventing it from reaching balance. Here we first study the robustness and attractor properties of these local minima. We show that a stochastic process can reach them from an abundance of initial states and that some local minima cannot be escaped by mild perturbations of the network. Motivated by these anomalies, we introduce best-edge dynamics (BED), a new plausible stochastic process. We prove that BED always reaches balance and that it does so fast in various interesting settings."}],"month":"09","intvolume":" 106","scopus_import":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.02394","open_access":"1"}]},{"keyword":["Computational Theory and Mathematics","Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience","Genetics","Molecular Biology","Ecology","Modeling and Simulation","Ecology","Evolution","Behavior and Systematics"],"status":"public","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"type":"journal_article","article_type":"original","_id":"12280","file_date_updated":"2023-01-30T11:28:13Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"ddc":["000","570"],"date_updated":"2023-08-04T10:27:08Z","intvolume":" 18","month":"06","scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"In repeated interactions, players can use strategies that respond to the outcome of previous rounds. Much of the existing literature on direct reciprocity assumes that all competing individuals use the same strategy space. Here, we study both learning and evolutionary dynamics of players that differ in the strategy space they explore. We focus on the infinitely repeated donation game and compare three natural strategy spaces: memory-1 strategies, which consider the last moves of both players, reactive strategies, which respond to the last move of the co-player, and unconditional strategies. These three strategy spaces differ in the memory capacity that is needed. We compute the long term average payoff that is achieved in a pairwise learning process. We find that smaller strategy spaces can dominate larger ones. For weak selection, unconditional players dominate both reactive and memory-1 players. For intermediate selection, reactive players dominate memory-1 players. Only for strong selection and low cost-to-benefit ratio, memory-1 players dominate the others. We observe that the supergame between strategy spaces can be a social dilemma: maximum payoff is achieved if both players explore a larger strategy space, but smaller strategy spaces dominate.","lang":"eng"}],"ec_funded":1,"issue":"6","volume":18,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"checksum":"31b6b311b6731f1658277a9dfff6632c","file_id":"12460","creator":"dernst","file_size":3143222,"date_updated":"2023-01-30T11:28:13Z","file_name":"2022_PlosCompBio_Schmid.pdf","date_created":"2023-01-30T11:28:13Z"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1553-7358"]},"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","grant_number":"863818"}],"article_number":"e1010149","title":"Direct reciprocity between individuals that use different strategy spaces","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"isi":["000843626800031"],"pmid":["35700167"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Schmid, Laura","orcid":"0000-0002-6978-7329","last_name":"Schmid","first_name":"Laura","id":"38B437DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-5116-955X","full_name":"Hilbe, Christian","last_name":"Hilbe","id":"2FDF8F3C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Christian"},{"last_name":"Chatterjee","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Nowak, Martin","last_name":"Nowak"}],"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","citation":{"ieee":"L. Schmid, C. Hilbe, K. Chatterjee, and M. Nowak, “Direct reciprocity between individuals that use different strategy spaces,” PLOS Computational Biology, vol. 18, no. 6. Public Library of Science, 2022.","short":"L. Schmid, C. Hilbe, K. Chatterjee, M. Nowak, PLOS Computational Biology 18 (2022).","apa":"Schmid, L., Hilbe, C., Chatterjee, K., & Nowak, M. (2022). Direct reciprocity between individuals that use different strategy spaces. PLOS Computational Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010149","ama":"Schmid L, Hilbe C, Chatterjee K, Nowak M. Direct reciprocity between individuals that use different strategy spaces. PLOS Computational Biology. 2022;18(6). doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010149","mla":"Schmid, Laura, et al. “Direct Reciprocity between Individuals That Use Different Strategy Spaces.” PLOS Computational Biology, vol. 18, no. 6, e1010149, Public Library of Science, 2022, doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010149.","ista":"Schmid L, Hilbe C, Chatterjee K, Nowak M. 2022. Direct reciprocity between individuals that use different strategy spaces. PLOS Computational Biology. 18(6), e1010149.","chicago":"Schmid, Laura, Christian Hilbe, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Martin Nowak. “Direct Reciprocity between Individuals That Use Different Strategy Spaces.” PLOS Computational Biology. Public Library of Science, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010149."},"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Public Library of Science","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the European Research Council (https://erc.europa.eu/)\r\nCoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt) (to K.C.), and the European Research Council Starting Grant 850529: E-DIRECT (to C.H.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","date_created":"2023-01-16T10:02:51Z","date_published":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010149","publication":"PLOS Computational Biology","day":"14","year":"2022","isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1"},{"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences","acknowledgement":"Partially supported by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) NFN Grant No RiSE/SHiNE S11407, by CONICYT Chile through grant PII 20150140, and by ECOS-CONICYT through grant C15E03.\r\n","date_created":"2021-04-08T09:33:31Z","date_published":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1287/moor.2020.1116","page":"100-119","publication":"Mathematics of Operations Research","day":"01","year":"2022","isi":1,"project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Game Theory","grant_number":"S11407"}],"title":"Finite-memory strategies in POMDPs with long-run average objectives","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"isi":["000731918100001"],"arxiv":["1904.13360"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Chatterjee","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Raimundo J","id":"BD1DF4C4-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425","last_name":"Saona Urmeneta","full_name":"Saona Urmeneta, Raimundo J","orcid":"0000-0001-5103-038X"},{"last_name":"Ziliotto","full_name":"Ziliotto, Bruno","first_name":"Bruno"}],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","citation":{"ista":"Chatterjee K, Saona Urmeneta RJ, Ziliotto B. 2022. Finite-memory strategies in POMDPs with long-run average objectives. Mathematics of Operations Research. 47(1), 100–119.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Raimundo J Saona Urmeneta, and Bruno Ziliotto. “Finite-Memory Strategies in POMDPs with Long-Run Average Objectives.” Mathematics of Operations Research. Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.2020.1116.","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, R. J. Saona Urmeneta, and B. Ziliotto, “Finite-memory strategies in POMDPs with long-run average objectives,” Mathematics of Operations Research, vol. 47, no. 1. Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, pp. 100–119, 2022.","short":"K. Chatterjee, R.J. Saona Urmeneta, B. Ziliotto, Mathematics of Operations Research 47 (2022) 100–119.","ama":"Chatterjee K, Saona Urmeneta RJ, Ziliotto B. Finite-memory strategies in POMDPs with long-run average objectives. Mathematics of Operations Research. 2022;47(1):100-119. doi:10.1287/moor.2020.1116","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Saona Urmeneta, R. J., & Ziliotto, B. (2022). Finite-memory strategies in POMDPs with long-run average objectives. Mathematics of Operations Research. Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.2020.1116","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Finite-Memory Strategies in POMDPs with Long-Run Average Objectives.” Mathematics of Operations Research, vol. 47, no. 1, Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, 2022, pp. 100–19, doi:10.1287/moor.2020.1116."},"intvolume":" 47","month":"02","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.13360","open_access":"1"}],"scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"text":"Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are standard models for dynamic systems with probabilistic and nondeterministic behaviour in uncertain environments. We prove that in POMDPs with long-run average objective, the decision maker has approximately optimal strategies with finite memory. This implies notably that approximating the long-run value is recursively enumerable, as well as a weak continuity property of the value with respect to the transition function. ","lang":"eng"}],"volume":47,"issue":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0364-765X"],"eissn":["1526-5471"]},"keyword":["Management Science and Operations Research","General Mathematics","Computer Science Applications"],"status":"public","article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","_id":"9311","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2023-09-05T13:16:11Z"},{"department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2023-09-05T15:11:51Z","type":"conference","conference":{"location":"Virtual","end_date":"2022-10-28","start_date":"2022-10-25","name":"ATVA: Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis"},"status":"public","_id":"12170","volume":13505,"publication_identifier":{"eisbn":["9783031199929"],"issn":["0302-9743"],"eissn":["1611-3349"],"isbn":["9783031199912"]},"publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"alternative_title":["LNCS"],"scopus_import":"1","month":"10","intvolume":" 13505","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present PET, a specialized and highly optimized framework for partial exploration on probabilistic systems. Over the last decade, several significant advances in the analysis of Markov decision processes employed partial exploration. In a nutshell, this idea allows to focus computation on specific parts of the system, guided by heuristics, while maintaining correctness. In particular, only relevant parts of the system are constructed on demand, which in turn potentially allows to omit constructing large parts of the system. Depending on the model, this leads to dramatic speed-ups, in extreme cases even up to an arbitrary factor. PET unifies several previous implementations and provides a flexible framework to easily implement partial exploration for many further problems. Our experimental evaluation shows significant improvements compared to the previous implementations while vastly reducing the overhead required to add support for additional properties."}],"oa_version":"None","author":[{"last_name":"Meggendorfer","orcid":"0000-0002-1712-2165","full_name":"Meggendorfer, Tobias","id":"b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1","first_name":"Tobias"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification","citation":{"mla":"Meggendorfer, Tobias. “PET – A Partial Exploration Tool for Probabilistic Verification.” 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, vol. 13505, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 320–26, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20.","ieee":"T. Meggendorfer, “PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification,” in 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, Virtual, 2022, vol. 13505, pp. 320–326.","short":"T. Meggendorfer, in:, 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 320–326.","ama":"Meggendorfer T. PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification. In: 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis. Vol 13505. Springer Nature; 2022:320-326. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20","apa":"Meggendorfer, T. (2022). PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification. In 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (Vol. 13505, pp. 320–326). Virtual: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20","chicago":"Meggendorfer, Tobias. “PET – A Partial Exploration Tool for Probabilistic Verification.” In 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, 13505:320–26. Springer Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20.","ista":"Meggendorfer T. 2022. PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification. 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis. ATVA: Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, LNCS, vol. 13505, 320–326."},"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","page":"320-326","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20","date_published":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2023-01-12T12:11:07Z","year":"2022","day":"21","publication":"20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis","publisher":"Springer Nature","quality_controlled":"1","acknowledgement":"We thank Pranav Ashok and Maximilian Weininger for their contributions to spiritual predecessors of PET as well as motivating the initial development of this tool."},{"date_created":"2022-05-22T22:01:40Z","doi":"10.1016/j.jcss.2022.04.003","date_published":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","page":"1-21","publication":"Journal of Computer and System Sciences","day":"01","year":"2022","isi":1,"oa":1,"publisher":"Elsevier","quality_controlled":"1","acknowledgement":"This work was partially supported by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) NFN Grant No RiSE/SHiNE S11407 and by the grant ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt).","title":"Graph planning with expected finite horizon","external_id":{"isi":["000805002800001"],"arxiv":["1802.03642"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"first_name":"Laurent","last_name":"Doyen","full_name":"Doyen, Laurent"}],"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","citation":{"mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, and Laurent Doyen. “Graph Planning with Expected Finite Horizon.” Journal of Computer and System Sciences, vol. 129, Elsevier, 2022, pp. 1–21, doi:10.1016/j.jcss.2022.04.003.","ama":"Chatterjee K, Doyen L. Graph planning with expected finite horizon. Journal of Computer and System Sciences. 2022;129:1-21. doi:10.1016/j.jcss.2022.04.003","apa":"Chatterjee, K., & Doyen, L. (2022). Graph planning with expected finite horizon. Journal of Computer and System Sciences. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcss.2022.04.003","ieee":"K. Chatterjee and L. Doyen, “Graph planning with expected finite horizon,” Journal of Computer and System Sciences, vol. 129. Elsevier, pp. 1–21, 2022.","short":"K. Chatterjee, L. Doyen, Journal of Computer and System Sciences 129 (2022) 1–21.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, and Laurent Doyen. “Graph Planning with Expected Finite Horizon.” Journal of Computer and System Sciences. Elsevier, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcss.2022.04.003.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Doyen L. 2022. Graph planning with expected finite horizon. Journal of Computer and System Sciences. 129, 1–21."},"project":[{"name":"Game Theory","grant_number":"S11407","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","grant_number":"863818","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E"}],"ec_funded":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"7402","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"volume":129,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-0000"],"eissn":["1090-2724"]},"intvolume":" 129","month":"11","main_file_link":[{"url":" https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1802.03642","open_access":"1"}],"scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"text":"Fixed-horizon planning considers a weighted graph and asks to construct a path that maximizes the sum of weights for a given time horizon T. However, in many scenarios, the time horizon is not fixed, but the stopping time is chosen according to some distribution such that the expected stopping time is T. If the stopping-time distribution is not known, then to ensure robustness, the distribution is chosen by an adversary as the worst-case scenario. A stationary plan for every vertex always chooses the same outgoing edge. For fixed horizon or fixed stopping-time distribution, stationary plans are not sufficient for optimality. Quite surprisingly we show that when an adversary chooses the stopping-time distribution with expected stopping-time T, then stationary plans are sufficient. While computing optimal stationary plans for fixed horizon is NP-complete, we show that computing optimal stationary plans under adversarial stopping-time distribution can be achieved in polynomial time.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2023-09-07T14:48:11Z","status":"public","article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","_id":"11402"},{"doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11","date_published":"2022-09-15T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2023-03-28T08:09:32Z","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2022","day":"15","publication":"33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory ","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik","oa":1,"acknowledgement":"Kush Grover: The author has been supported by the DFG research training group GRK\r\n2428 ConVeY.\r\nMaximilian Weininger: The author has been partially supported by DFG projects 383882557\r\nStatistical Unbounded Verification (SUV) and 427755713 Group-By Objectives in Probabilistic\r\nVerification (GOPro)","author":[{"full_name":"Grover, Kush","last_name":"Grover","first_name":"Kush"},{"full_name":"Kretinsky, Jan","orcid":"0000-0002-8122-2881","last_name":"Kretinsky","first_name":"Jan","id":"44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Meggendorfer","orcid":"0000-0002-1712-2165","full_name":"Meggendorfer, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias","id":"b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1"},{"full_name":"Weininger, Maimilian","last_name":"Weininger","first_name":"Maimilian"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2008.04824"]},"title":"Anytime guarantees for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes","citation":{"ama":"Grover K, Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Weininger M. Anytime guarantees for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes. In: 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory . Vol 243. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2022. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11","apa":"Grover, K., Kretinsky, J., Meggendorfer, T., & Weininger, M. (2022). Anytime guarantees for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes. In 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (Vol. 243). Warsaw, Poland: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11","short":"K. Grover, J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, M. Weininger, in:, 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory , Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022.","ieee":"K. Grover, J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, and M. Weininger, “Anytime guarantees for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes,” in 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory , Warsaw, Poland, 2022, vol. 243.","mla":"Grover, Kush, et al. “Anytime Guarantees for Reachability in Uncountable Markov Decision Processes.” 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory , vol. 243, 11, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11.","ista":"Grover K, Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Weininger M. 2022. Anytime guarantees for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes. 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory . CONCUR: Conference on Concurrency Theory, LIPIcs, vol. 243, 11.","chicago":"Grover, Kush, Jan Kretinsky, Tobias Meggendorfer, and Maimilian Weininger. “Anytime Guarantees for Reachability in Uncountable Markov Decision Processes.” In 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory , Vol. 243. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11."},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_number":"11","volume":243,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1868-8969"]},"publication_status":"published","file":[{"success":1,"checksum":"e282e43d3ae0ba6e067b72f4583e13c0","file_id":"14372","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2022_LIPIcS_Grover.pdf","date_created":"2023-09-26T10:43:15Z","file_size":960036,"date_updated":"2023-09-26T10:43:15Z","creator":"dernst"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LIPIcs"],"month":"09","intvolume":" 243","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We consider the problem of approximating the reachability probabilities in Markov decision processes (MDP) with uncountable (continuous) state and action spaces. While there are algorithms that, for special classes of such MDP, provide a sequence of approximations converging to the true value in the limit, our aim is to obtain an algorithm with guarantees on the precision of the approximation.\r\nAs this problem is undecidable in general, assumptions on the MDP are necessary. Our main contribution is to identify sufficient assumptions that are as weak as possible, thus approaching the \"boundary\" of which systems can be correctly and reliably analyzed. To this end, we also argue why each of our assumptions is necessary for algorithms based on processing finitely many observations.\r\nWe present two solution variants. The first one provides converging lower bounds under weaker assumptions than typical ones from previous works concerned with guarantees. The second one then utilizes stronger assumptions to additionally provide converging upper bounds. Altogether, we obtain an anytime algorithm, i.e. yielding a sequence of approximants with known and iteratively improving precision, converging to the true value in the limit. Besides, due to the generality of our assumptions, our algorithms are very general templates, readily allowing for various heuristics from literature in contrast to, e.g., a specific discretization algorithm. Our theoretical contribution thus paves the way for future practical improvements without sacrificing correctness guarantees."}],"oa_version":"Published Version","file_date_updated":"2023-09-26T10:43:15Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2023-09-26T10:43:30Z","ddc":["000"],"type":"conference","conference":{"name":"CONCUR: Conference on Concurrency Theory","start_date":"2022-09-13","location":"Warsaw, Poland","end_date":"2022-09-16"},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"status":"public","_id":"12775"},{"scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"intvolume":" 13371","month":"08","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We consider the quantitative problem of obtaining lower-bounds on the probability of termination of a given non-deterministic probabilistic program. Specifically, given a non-termination threshold p∈[0,1], we aim for certificates proving that the program terminates with probability at least 1−p. The basic idea of our approach is to find a terminating stochastic invariant, i.e. a subset SI of program states such that (i) the probability of the program ever leaving SI is no more than p, and (ii) almost-surely, the program either leaves SI or terminates.\r\n\r\nWhile stochastic invariants are already well-known, we provide the first proof that the idea above is not only sound, but also complete for quantitative termination analysis. We then introduce a novel sound and complete characterization of stochastic invariants that enables template-based approaches for easy synthesis of quantitative termination certificates, especially in affine or polynomial forms. Finally, by combining this idea with the existing martingale-based methods that are relatively complete for qualitative termination analysis, we obtain the first automated, sound, and relatively complete algorithm for quantitative termination analysis. Notably, our completeness guarantees for quantitative termination analysis are as strong as the best-known methods for the qualitative variant.\r\n\r\nOur prototype implementation demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach on various probabilistic programs. We also demonstrate that our algorithm certifies lower bounds on termination probability for probabilistic programs that are beyond the reach of previous methods."}],"oa_version":"Published Version","ec_funded":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"14539","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"volume":13371,"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0302-9743"],"eissn":["1611-3349"],"isbn":["9783031131844"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","checksum":"24e0f810ec52735a90ade95198bc641d","file_id":"12003","success":1,"date_updated":"2022-08-29T09:17:01Z","file_size":505094,"creator":"alisjak","date_created":"2022-08-29T09:17:01Z","file_name":"2022_LNCS_Chatterjee.pdf"}],"conference":{"location":"Haifa, Israel","end_date":"2022-08-10","start_date":"2022-08-07","name":"CAV: Computer Aided Verification"},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"type":"conference","status":"public","_id":"12000","file_date_updated":"2022-08-29T09:17:01Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2023-11-30T10:55:37Z","ddc":["000"],"oa":1,"publisher":"Springer","quality_controlled":"1","acknowledgement":"This research was partially supported by the ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt), the HKUST-Kaisa Joint Research Institute Project Grant HKJRI3A-055, the HKUST Startup Grant R9272 and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 665385.","page":"55-78","date_created":"2022-08-28T22:02:02Z","date_published":"2022-08-07T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4","year":"2022","has_accepted_license":"1","isi":1,"publication":"Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification","day":"07","project":[{"grant_number":"863818","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"665385","name":"International IST Doctoral Program"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000870304500004"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","author":[{"first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Chatterjee","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu"},{"full_name":"Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar","orcid":"0000-0003-1702-6584","last_name":"Goharshady","id":"391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Amir Kafshdar"},{"full_name":"Meggendorfer, Tobias","orcid":"0000-0002-1712-2165","last_name":"Meggendorfer","id":"b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1","first_name":"Tobias"},{"last_name":"Zikelic","full_name":"Zikelic, Dorde","orcid":"0000-0002-4681-1699","id":"294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Dorde"}],"title":"Sound and complete certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs","citation":{"ista":"Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Meggendorfer T, Zikelic D. 2022. Sound and complete certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs. Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 13371, 55–78.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, Tobias Meggendorfer, and Dorde Zikelic. “Sound and Complete Certificates for Auantitative Termination Analysis of Probabilistic Programs.” In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, 13371:55–78. Springer, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4.","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, T. Meggendorfer, and D. Zikelic, “Sound and complete certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs,” in Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Haifa, Israel, 2022, vol. 13371, pp. 55–78.","short":"K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, T. Meggendorfer, D. Zikelic, in:, Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Springer, 2022, pp. 55–78.","ama":"Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Meggendorfer T, Zikelic D. Sound and complete certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs. In: Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. Vol 13371. Springer; 2022:55-78. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., Meggendorfer, T., & Zikelic, D. (2022). Sound and complete certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs. In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (Vol. 13371, pp. 55–78). Haifa, Israel: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Sound and Complete Certificates for Auantitative Termination Analysis of Probabilistic Programs.” Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, vol. 13371, Springer, 2022, pp. 55–78, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4."},"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8"},{"acknowledgement":"This work was supported in part by the ERC-2020-AdG 101020093, ERC CoG 863818 (FoRM-SMArt) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme\r\nunder the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 665385.","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","oa":1,"day":"28","publication":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","year":"2022","doi":"10.1609/aaai.v36i7.20695","date_published":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2023-02-05T17:29:50Z","page":"7326-7336","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d","grant_number":"101020093","name":"Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software"},{"name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","grant_number":"863818","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"665385","name":"International IST Doctoral Program"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"chicago":"Lechner, Mathias, Dorde Zikelic, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Stability Verification in Stochastic Control Systems via Neural Network Supermartingales.” Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i7.20695.","ista":"Lechner M, Zikelic D, Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA. 2022. Stability verification in stochastic control systems via neural network supermartingales. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 36(7), 7326–7336.","mla":"Lechner, Mathias, et al. “Stability Verification in Stochastic Control Systems via Neural Network Supermartingales.” Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 36, no. 7, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2022, pp. 7326–36, doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i7.20695.","ama":"Lechner M, Zikelic D, Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA. Stability verification in stochastic control systems via neural network supermartingales. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 2022;36(7):7326-7336. doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i7.20695","apa":"Lechner, M., Zikelic, D., Chatterjee, K., & Henzinger, T. A. (2022). Stability verification in stochastic control systems via neural network supermartingales. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i7.20695","short":"M. Lechner, D. Zikelic, K. Chatterjee, T.A. Henzinger, Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36 (2022) 7326–7336.","ieee":"M. Lechner, D. Zikelic, K. Chatterjee, and T. A. Henzinger, “Stability verification in stochastic control systems via neural network supermartingales,” Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 36, no. 7. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, pp. 7326–7336, 2022."},"title":"Stability verification in stochastic control systems via neural network supermartingales","author":[{"first_name":"Mathias","id":"3DC22916-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Lechner","full_name":"Lechner, Mathias"},{"last_name":"Zikelic","full_name":"Zikelic, Dorde","orcid":"0000-0002-4681-1699","id":"294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Dorde"},{"first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Thomas A","last_name":"Henzinger","orcid":"0000-0002-2985-7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2112.09495"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"text":"We consider the problem of formally verifying almost-sure (a.s.) asymptotic stability in discrete-time nonlinear stochastic control systems. While verifying stability in deterministic control systems is extensively studied in the literature, verifying stability in stochastic control systems is an open problem. The few existing works on this topic either consider only specialized forms of stochasticity or make restrictive assumptions on the system, rendering them inapplicable to learning algorithms with neural network policies. \r\n In this work, we present an approach for general nonlinear stochastic control problems with two novel aspects: (a) instead of classical stochastic extensions of Lyapunov functions, we use ranking supermartingales (RSMs) to certify a.s. asymptotic stability, and (b) we present a method for learning neural network RSMs. \r\n We prove that our approach guarantees a.s. asymptotic stability of the system and\r\n provides the first method to obtain bounds on the stabilization time, which stochastic Lyapunov functions do not.\r\n Finally, we validate our approach experimentally on a set of nonlinear stochastic reinforcement learning environments with neural network policies.","lang":"eng"}],"month":"06","intvolume":" 36","scopus_import":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.09495"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2374-3468"],"isbn":["9781577358350"],"issn":["2159-5399"]},"publication_status":"published","issue":"7","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"14539","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"volume":36,"ec_funded":1,"_id":"12511","status":"public","keyword":["General Medicine"],"article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","date_updated":"2023-11-30T10:55:37Z","department":[{"_id":"ToHe"},{"_id":"KrCh"}]},{"ec_funded":1,"date_created":"2023-11-24T13:22:30Z","date_published":"2022-05-24T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2205.11991","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"14539"}]},"publication_status":"submitted","year":"2022","publication":"arXiv","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"24","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.11991"}],"month":"05","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In this work, we address the problem of learning provably stable neural\r\nnetwork policies for stochastic control systems. While recent work has\r\ndemonstrated the feasibility of certifying given policies using martingale\r\ntheory, the problem of how to learn such policies is little explored. Here, we\r\nstudy the effectiveness of jointly learning a policy together with a martingale\r\ncertificate that proves its stability using a single learning algorithm. We\r\nobserve that the joint optimization problem becomes easily stuck in local\r\nminima when starting from a randomly initialized policy. Our results suggest\r\nthat some form of pre-training of the policy is required for the joint\r\noptimization to repair and verify the policy successfully."}],"oa_version":"Preprint","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2205.11991"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Zikelic","orcid":"0000-0002-4681-1699","full_name":"Zikelic, Dorde","first_name":"Dorde","id":"294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Lechner, Mathias","last_name":"Lechner","first_name":"Mathias","id":"3DC22916-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"last_name":"Henzinger","orcid":"0000-0002-2985-7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"title":"Learning stabilizing policies in stochastic control systems","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"},{"_id":"ToHe"}],"date_updated":"2023-11-30T10:55:37Z","citation":{"apa":"Zikelic, D., Lechner, M., Chatterjee, K., & Henzinger, T. A. (n.d.). Learning stabilizing policies in stochastic control systems. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2205.11991","ama":"Zikelic D, Lechner M, Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA. Learning stabilizing policies in stochastic control systems. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2205.11991","ieee":"D. Zikelic, M. Lechner, K. Chatterjee, and T. A. Henzinger, “Learning stabilizing policies in stochastic control systems,” arXiv. .","short":"D. Zikelic, M. Lechner, K. Chatterjee, T.A. Henzinger, ArXiv (n.d.).","mla":"Zikelic, Dorde, et al. “Learning Stabilizing Policies in Stochastic Control Systems.” ArXiv, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2205.11991.","ista":"Zikelic D, Lechner M, Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA. Learning stabilizing policies in stochastic control systems. arXiv, 10.48550/arXiv.2205.11991.","chicago":"Zikelic, Dorde, Mathias Lechner, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Learning Stabilizing Policies in Stochastic Control Systems.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2205.11991."},"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","type":"preprint","status":"public","project":[{"grant_number":"101020093","name":"Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software","_id":"62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","grant_number":"863818"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"665385","name":"International IST Doctoral Program"}],"_id":"14601"},{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","date_created":"2023-11-24T13:10:09Z","ec_funded":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"14539","status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains"},{"relation":"later_version","status":"public","id":"14830"}]},"doi":"10.48550/ARXIV.2210.05308","date_published":"2022-11-29T00:00:00Z","publication":"arXiv","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"29","year":"2022","publication_status":"submitted","month":"11","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.05308"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We study the problem of learning controllers for discrete-time non-linear stochastic dynamical systems with formal reach-avoid guarantees. This work presents the first method for providing formal reach-avoid guarantees, which combine and generalize stability and safety guarantees, with a tolerable probability threshold $p\\in[0,1]$ over the infinite time horizon. Our method leverages advances in machine learning literature and it represents formal certificates as neural networks. In particular, we learn a certificate in the form of a reach-avoid supermartingale (RASM), a novel notion that we introduce in this work. Our RASMs provide reachability and avoidance guarantees by imposing constraints on what can be viewed as a stochastic extension of level sets of Lyapunov functions for deterministic systems. Our approach solves several important problems -- it can be used to learn a control policy from scratch, to verify a reach-avoid specification for a fixed control policy, or to fine-tune a pre-trained policy if it does not satisfy the reach-avoid specification. We validate our approach on $3$ stochastic non-linear reinforcement learning tasks."}],"title":"Learning control policies for stochastic systems with reach-avoid guarantees","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"},{"_id":"ToHe"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2210.05308"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"id":"294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Dorde","last_name":"Zikelic","orcid":"0000-0002-4681-1699","full_name":"Zikelic, Dorde"},{"first_name":"Mathias","id":"3DC22916-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Lechner","full_name":"Lechner, Mathias"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2985-7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","last_name":"Henzinger","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Thomas A"},{"full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","last_name":"Chatterjee","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","date_updated":"2024-01-22T14:08:29Z","citation":{"short":"D. Zikelic, M. Lechner, T.A. Henzinger, K. Chatterjee, ArXiv (n.d.).","ieee":"D. Zikelic, M. Lechner, T. A. Henzinger, and K. Chatterjee, “Learning control policies for stochastic systems with reach-avoid guarantees,” arXiv. .","ama":"Zikelic D, Lechner M, Henzinger TA, Chatterjee K. Learning control policies for stochastic systems with reach-avoid guarantees. arXiv. doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2210.05308","apa":"Zikelic, D., Lechner, M., Henzinger, T. A., & Chatterjee, K. (n.d.). Learning control policies for stochastic systems with reach-avoid guarantees. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2210.05308","mla":"Zikelic, Dorde, et al. “Learning Control Policies for Stochastic Systems with Reach-Avoid Guarantees.” ArXiv, doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2210.05308.","ista":"Zikelic D, Lechner M, Henzinger TA, Chatterjee K. Learning control policies for stochastic systems with reach-avoid guarantees. arXiv, 10.48550/ARXIV.2210.05308.","chicago":"Zikelic, Dorde, Mathias Lechner, Thomas A Henzinger, and Krishnendu Chatterjee. “Learning Control Policies for Stochastic Systems with Reach-Avoid Guarantees.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2210.05308."},"project":[{"grant_number":"863818","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"grant_number":"101020093","name":"Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d"},{"_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"International IST Doctoral Program","grant_number":"665385"}],"status":"public","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-SA (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_sa.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-SA 4.0)"},"type":"preprint","_id":"14600"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2021","day":"13","publication":"32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory","date_published":"2021-08-13T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.18","date_created":"2021-09-27T14:33:14Z","acknowledgement":"Ismaël Jecker: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754411. Nicolas Mazzocchi: BOSCO project PGC2018-102210-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE), BLOQUESCM project S2018/TCS-4339, and MINECO grant RYC-2016-20281.\r\nPetra Wolf : DFG project FE 560/9-1.\r\n","publisher":"Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"citation":{"ista":"Jecker IR, Mazzocchi N, Wolf P. 2021. Decomposing permutation automata. 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory. CONCUR: Conference on Concurrency Theory, LIPIcs, vol. 203, 18.","chicago":"Jecker, Ismael R, Nicolas Mazzocchi, and Petra Wolf. “Decomposing Permutation Automata.” In 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Vol. 203. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.18.","apa":"Jecker, I. R., Mazzocchi, N., & Wolf, P. (2021). Decomposing permutation automata. In 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (Vol. 203). Paris, France: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.18","ama":"Jecker IR, Mazzocchi N, Wolf P. Decomposing permutation automata. In: 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory. Vol 203. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik; 2021. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.18","short":"I.R. Jecker, N. Mazzocchi, P. Wolf, in:, 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021.","ieee":"I. R. Jecker, N. Mazzocchi, and P. Wolf, “Decomposing permutation automata,” in 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Paris, France, 2021, vol. 203.","mla":"Jecker, Ismael R., et al. “Decomposing Permutation Automata.” 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory, vol. 203, 18, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.18."},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","author":[{"first_name":"Ismael R","id":"85D7C63E-7D5D-11E9-9C0F-98C4E5697425","last_name":"Jecker","full_name":"Jecker, Ismael R"},{"first_name":"Nicolas","full_name":"Mazzocchi, Nicolas","last_name":"Mazzocchi"},{"first_name":"Petra","last_name":"Wolf","full_name":"Wolf, Petra"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2107.04683"]},"title":"Decomposing permutation automata","article_number":"18","project":[{"name":"ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships","grant_number":"754411","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-9597-7203-7"],"issn":["1868-8969"]},"publication_status":"published","file":[{"checksum":"4722c81be82265cf45e78adf9db91250","file_id":"10064","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2021-10-01T11:10:53Z","file_name":"2021_CONCUR_Jecker.pdf","date_updated":"2021-10-01T11:10:53Z","file_size":1003552,"creator":"cchlebak"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":203,"ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"text":"A deterministic finite automaton (DFA) 𝒜 is composite if its language L(𝒜) can be decomposed into an intersection ⋂_{i = 1}^k L(𝒜_i) of languages of smaller DFAs. Otherwise, 𝒜 is prime. This notion of primality was introduced by Kupferman and Mosheiff in 2013, and while they proved that we can decide whether a DFA is composite, the precise complexity of this problem is still open, with a doubly-exponential gap between the upper and lower bounds. In this work, we focus on permutation DFAs, i.e., those for which the transition monoid is a group. We provide an NP algorithm to decide whether a permutation DFA is composite, and show that the difficulty of this problem comes from the number of non-accepting states of the instance: we give a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm with the number of rejecting states as the parameter. Moreover, we investigate the class of commutative permutation DFAs. Their structural properties allow us to decide compositionality in NL, and even in LOGSPACE if the alphabet size is fixed. Despite this low complexity, we show that complex behaviors still arise in this class: we provide a family of composite DFAs each requiring polynomially many factors with respect to its size. We also consider the variant of the problem that asks whether a DFA is k-factor composite, that is, decomposable into k smaller DFAs, for some given integer k ∈ ℕ. We show that, for commutative permutation DFAs, restricting the number of factors makes the decision computationally harder, and yields a problem with tight bounds: it is NP-complete. Finally, we show that in general, this problem is in PSPACE, and it is in LOGSPACE for DFAs with a singleton alphabet.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LIPIcs"],"month":"08","intvolume":" 203","date_updated":"2022-05-13T08:12:52Z","ddc":["000"],"file_date_updated":"2021-10-01T11:10:53Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"_id":"10052","type":"conference","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"conference":{"start_date":"2021-08-23","end_date":"2021-08-27","location":"Paris, France","name":"CONCUR: Conference on Concurrency Theory"},"status":"public"},{"article_number":"124","project":[{"name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","grant_number":"863818","_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","citation":{"ieee":"K. Chatterjee, M. H. Henzinger, S. S. Kale, and A. Svozil, “Faster algorithms for bounded liveness in graphs and game graphs,” in 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Glasgow, Scotland, 2021, vol. 198.","short":"K. Chatterjee, M.H. Henzinger, S.S. Kale, A. Svozil, in:, 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021.","ama":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger MH, Kale SS, Svozil A. Faster algorithms for bounded liveness in graphs and game graphs. In: 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming. Vol 198. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik; 2021. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.124","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Henzinger, M. H., Kale, S. S., & Svozil, A. (2021). Faster algorithms for bounded liveness in graphs and game graphs. In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (Vol. 198). Glasgow, Scotland: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.124","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Faster Algorithms for Bounded Liveness in Graphs and Game Graphs.” 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, vol. 198, 124, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.124.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger MH, Kale SS, Svozil A. 2021. Faster algorithms for bounded liveness in graphs and game graphs. 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming. ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, LIPIcs, vol. 198, 124.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Monika H Henzinger, Sagar Sudhir Kale, and Alexander Svozil. “Faster Algorithms for Bounded Liveness in Graphs and Game Graphs.” In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Vol. 198. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.124."},"title":"Faster algorithms for bounded liveness in graphs and game graphs","article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"last_name":"Chatterjee","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Henzinger, Monika H","orcid":"0000-0002-5008-6530","last_name":"Henzinger","id":"540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630","first_name":"Monika H"},{"first_name":"Sagar Sudhir","last_name":"Kale","full_name":"Kale, Sagar Sudhir"},{"first_name":"Alexander","full_name":"Svozil, Alexander","last_name":"Svozil"}],"acknowledgement":"Krishnendu Chatterjee: Supported by the ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt). Monika Henzinger: Supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) and netIDEE SCIENCE project P 33775-N. Sagar Sudhir Kale: Partially supported by the Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) through project ICT15-003. Alexander Svozil: Fully supported by the Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) through project ICT15-003.","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik","publication":"48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming","day":"02","year":"2021","has_accepted_license":"1","date_created":"2021-09-27T14:33:15Z","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.124","date_published":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","_id":"10054","status":"public","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"conference":{"start_date":"2021-07-12","end_date":"2021-07-16","location":"Glasgow, Scotland","name":"ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming"},"type":"conference","ddc":["000"],"date_updated":"2022-08-12T10:55:02Z","file_date_updated":"2021-10-01T08:49:26Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"Graphs and games on graphs are fundamental models for the analysis of reactive systems, in particular, for model-checking and the synthesis of reactive systems. The class of ω-regular languages provides a robust specification formalism for the desired properties of reactive systems. In the classical infinitary formulation of the liveness part of an ω-regular specification, a \"good\" event must happen eventually without any bound between the good events. A stronger notion of liveness is bounded liveness, which requires that good events happen within d transitions. Given a graph or a game graph with n vertices, m edges, and a bounded liveness objective, the previous best-known algorithmic bounds are as follows: (i) O(dm) for graphs, which in the worst-case is O(n³); and (ii) O(n² d²) for games on graphs. Our main contributions improve these long-standing algorithmic bounds. For graphs we present: (i) a randomized algorithm with one-sided error with running time O(n^{2.5} log n) for the bounded liveness objectives; and (ii) a deterministic linear-time algorithm for the complement of bounded liveness objectives. For games on graphs, we present an O(n² d) time algorithm for the bounded liveness objectives.","lang":"eng"}],"intvolume":" 198","month":"07","scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LIPIcs"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"date_created":"2021-10-01T08:49:26Z","file_name":"2021_LIPIcs_Chatterjee.pdf","date_updated":"2021-10-01T08:49:26Z","file_size":854576,"creator":"cchlebak","checksum":"5a3fed8dbba8c088cbeac1e24cc10bc5","file_id":"10062","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-95977-195-5"],"issn":["1868-8969"]},"ec_funded":1,"volume":198},{"date_published":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.53","date_created":"2021-10-03T22:01:23Z","day":"18","publication":"46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2021","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik","oa":1,"acknowledgement":"Ismaël Jecker: Funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 754411. Karoliina Lehtinen: Funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 892704.","title":"A bit of nondeterminism makes pushdown automata expressive and succinct","author":[{"first_name":"Shibashis","full_name":"Guha, Shibashis","last_name":"Guha"},{"full_name":"Jecker, Ismael R","last_name":"Jecker","first_name":"Ismael R","id":"85D7C63E-7D5D-11E9-9C0F-98C4E5697425"},{"first_name":"Karoliina","full_name":"Lehtinen, Karoliina","last_name":"Lehtinen"},{"first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Zimmermann, Martin","last_name":"Zimmermann"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2105.02611"]},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"ista":"Guha S, Jecker IR, Lehtinen K, Zimmermann M. 2021. A bit of nondeterminism makes pushdown automata expressive and succinct. 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science. MFCS: Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, LIPIcs, vol. 202, 53.","chicago":"Guha, Shibashis, Ismael R Jecker, Karoliina Lehtinen, and Martin Zimmermann. “A Bit of Nondeterminism Makes Pushdown Automata Expressive and Succinct.” In 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, Vol. 202. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.53.","ieee":"S. Guha, I. R. Jecker, K. Lehtinen, and M. Zimmermann, “A bit of nondeterminism makes pushdown automata expressive and succinct,” in 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, Tallinn, Estonia, 2021, vol. 202.","short":"S. Guha, I.R. Jecker, K. Lehtinen, M. Zimmermann, in:, 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021.","apa":"Guha, S., Jecker, I. R., Lehtinen, K., & Zimmermann, M. (2021). A bit of nondeterminism makes pushdown automata expressive and succinct. In 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (Vol. 202). Tallinn, Estonia: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.53","ama":"Guha S, Jecker IR, Lehtinen K, Zimmermann M. A bit of nondeterminism makes pushdown automata expressive and succinct. In: 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science. Vol 202. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik; 2021. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.53","mla":"Guha, Shibashis, et al. “A Bit of Nondeterminism Makes Pushdown Automata Expressive and Succinct.” 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, vol. 202, 53, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.53."},"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"754411","name":"ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships"}],"article_number":"53","volume":202,"ec_funded":1,"file":[{"file_id":"10097","checksum":"f4d407d43a97330c3fb11e6a7a6fbfb2","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2021-10-06T12:44:05Z","file_name":"2021_LIPIcs_Guha.pdf","date_updated":"2021-10-06T12:44:05Z","file_size":825567,"creator":"cchlebak"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-9597-7201-3"],"issn":["1868-8969"]},"publication_status":"published","month":"08","intvolume":" 202","alternative_title":["LIPIcs"],"scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We study the expressiveness and succinctness of good-for-games pushdown automata (GFG-PDA) over finite words, that is, pushdown automata whose nondeterminism can be resolved based on the run constructed so far, but independently of the remainder of the input word. We prove that GFG-PDA recognise more languages than deterministic PDA (DPDA) but not all context-free languages (CFL). This class is orthogonal to unambiguous CFL. We further show that GFG-PDA can be exponentially more succinct than DPDA, while PDA can be double-exponentially more succinct than GFG-PDA. We also study GFGness in visibly pushdown automata (VPA), which enjoy better closure properties than PDA, and for which we show GFGness to be ExpTime-complete. GFG-VPA can be exponentially more succinct than deterministic VPA, while VPA can be exponentially more succinct than GFG-VPA. Both of these lower bounds are tight. Finally, we study the complexity of resolving nondeterminism in GFG-PDA. Every GFG-PDA has a positional resolver, a function that resolves nondeterminism and that is only dependant on the current configuration. Pushdown transducers are sufficient to implement the resolvers of GFG-VPA, but not those of GFG-PDA. GFG-PDA with finite-state resolvers are determinisable."}],"department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"file_date_updated":"2021-10-06T12:44:05Z","ddc":["000"],"date_updated":"2022-05-13T08:21:56Z","status":"public","type":"conference","conference":{"name":"MFCS: Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science","location":"Tallinn, Estonia","end_date":"2021-08-27","start_date":"2021-08-23"},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"10075"},{"_id":"10630","status":"public","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"conference":{"name":"FSTTCS: Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science","start_date":"2021-12-15","end_date":"2021-12-17","location":"Virtual"},"type":"conference","ddc":["000"],"date_updated":"2022-01-17T10:56:19Z","file_date_updated":"2022-01-17T10:49:03Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In the Intersection Non-emptiness problem, we are given a list of finite automata A_1, A_2,… , A_m over a common alphabet Σ as input, and the goal is to determine whether some string w ∈ Σ^* lies in the intersection of the languages accepted by the automata in the list. We analyze the complexity of the Intersection Non-emptiness problem under the promise that all input automata accept a language in some level of the dot-depth hierarchy, or some level of the Straubing-Thérien hierarchy. Automata accepting languages from the lowest levels of these hierarchies arise naturally in the context of model checking. We identify a dichotomy in the dot-depth hierarchy by showing that the problem is already NP-complete when all input automata accept languages of the levels B_0 or B_{1/2} and already PSPACE-hard when all automata accept a language from the level B_1. Conversely, we identify a tetrachotomy in the Straubing-Thérien hierarchy. More precisely, we show that the problem is in AC^0 when restricted to level L_0; complete for L or NL, depending on the input representation, when restricted to languages in the level L_{1/2}; NP-complete when the input is given as DFAs accepting a language in L_1 or L_{3/2}; and finally, PSPACE-complete when the input automata accept languages in level L_2 or higher. Moreover, we show that the proof technique used to show containment in NP for DFAs accepting languages in L_1 or L_{3/2} does not generalize to the context of NFAs. To prove this, we identify a family of languages that provide an exponential separation between the state complexity of general NFAs and that of partially ordered NFAs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first superpolynomial separation between these two models of computation."}],"intvolume":" 213","month":"11","scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LIPIcs"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"creator":"cchlebak","file_size":844224,"date_updated":"2022-01-17T10:49:03Z","file_name":"2021_LIPIcs_Arrighi.pdf","date_created":"2022-01-17T10:49:03Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"checksum":"d5a82ba893c3bc5da5914edbb3efb92b","file_id":"10634"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1868-8969"],"isbn":["978-3-9597-7215-0"]},"ec_funded":1,"volume":213,"article_number":"34","project":[{"name":"ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships","grant_number":"754411","_id":"260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","citation":{"chicago":"Arrighi, Emmanuel, Henning Fernau, Stefan Hoffmann, Markus Holzer, Ismael R Jecker, Mateus De Oliveira Oliveira, and Petra Wolf. “On the Complexity of Intersection Non-Emptiness for Star-Free Language Classes.” In 41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, Vol. 213. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2021.34.","ista":"Arrighi E, Fernau H, Hoffmann S, Holzer M, Jecker IR, De Oliveira Oliveira M, Wolf P. 2021. On the complexity of intersection non-emptiness for star-free language classes. 41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science. FSTTCS: Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, LIPIcs, vol. 213, 34.","mla":"Arrighi, Emmanuel, et al. “On the Complexity of Intersection Non-Emptiness for Star-Free Language Classes.” 41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 213, 34, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2021.34.","ieee":"E. Arrighi et al., “On the complexity of intersection non-emptiness for star-free language classes,” in 41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, Virtual, 2021, vol. 213.","short":"E. Arrighi, H. Fernau, S. Hoffmann, M. Holzer, I.R. Jecker, M. De Oliveira Oliveira, P. Wolf, in:, 41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik, 2021.","ama":"Arrighi E, Fernau H, Hoffmann S, et al. On the complexity of intersection non-emptiness for star-free language classes. In: 41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science. Vol 213. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik; 2021. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2021.34","apa":"Arrighi, E., Fernau, H., Hoffmann, S., Holzer, M., Jecker, I. R., De Oliveira Oliveira, M., & Wolf, P. (2021). On the complexity of intersection non-emptiness for star-free language classes. In 41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (Vol. 213). Virtual: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2021.34"},"title":"On the complexity of intersection non-emptiness for star-free language classes","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["2110.01279"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Emmanuel","full_name":"Arrighi, Emmanuel","last_name":"Arrighi"},{"first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Fernau","full_name":"Fernau, Henning"},{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Stefan"},{"last_name":"Holzer","full_name":"Holzer, Markus","first_name":"Markus"},{"first_name":"Ismael R","id":"85D7C63E-7D5D-11E9-9C0F-98C4E5697425","full_name":"Jecker, Ismael R","last_name":"Jecker"},{"full_name":"De Oliveira Oliveira, Mateus","last_name":"De Oliveira Oliveira","first_name":"Mateus"},{"first_name":"Petra","full_name":"Wolf, Petra","last_name":"Wolf"}],"acknowledgement":"We like to thank Lukas Fleischer and Michael Wehar for our discussions. This work started at the Schloss Dagstuhl Event 20483 Moderne Aspekte der Komplexitätstheorie in der Automatentheorie https://www.dagstuhl.de/20483.\r\n","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Zentrum für Informatik","publication":"41st IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science","day":"29","year":"2021","has_accepted_license":"1","date_created":"2022-01-16T23:01:29Z","doi":"10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2021.34","date_published":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z"}]