---
_id: '9226'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Half a century after Lewis Wolpert''s seminal conceptual advance on how cellular
fates distribute in space, we provide a brief historical perspective on how the
concept of positional information emerged and influenced the field of developmental
biology and beyond. We focus on a modern interpretation of this concept in terms
of information theory, largely centered on its application to cell specification
in the early Drosophila embryo. We argue that a true physical variable (position)
is encoded in local concentrations of patterning molecules, that this mapping
is stochastic, and that the processes by which positions and corresponding cell
fates are determined based on these concentrations need to take such stochasticity
into account. With this approach, we shift the focus from biological mechanisms,
molecules, genes and pathways to quantitative systems-level questions: where does
positional information reside, how it is transformed and accessed during development,
and what fundamental limits it is subject to?'
acknowledgement: This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation,
through the Center for the Physics of Biological Function (PHY-1734030), by the
National Institutes of Health (R01GM097275) and by the Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen
Forschung (FWF P28844). Deposited in PMC for release after 12 months.
article_number: dev176065
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Gašper
full_name: Tkačik, Gašper
id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkačik
orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Gregor, Thomas
last_name: Gregor
citation:
ama: Tkačik G, Gregor T. The many bits of positional information. Development.
2021;148(2). doi:10.1242/dev.176065
apa: Tkačik, G., & Gregor, T. (2021). The many bits of positional information.
Development. The Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.176065
chicago: Tkačik, Gašper, and Thomas Gregor. “The Many Bits of Positional Information.”
Development. The Company of Biologists, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.176065.
ieee: G. Tkačik and T. Gregor, “The many bits of positional information,” Development,
vol. 148, no. 2. The Company of Biologists, 2021.
ista: Tkačik G, Gregor T. 2021. The many bits of positional information. Development.
148(2), dev176065.
mla: Tkačik, Gašper, and Thomas Gregor. “The Many Bits of Positional Information.”
Development, vol. 148, no. 2, dev176065, The Company of Biologists, 2021,
doi:10.1242/dev.176065.
short: G. Tkačik, T. Gregor, Development 148 (2021).
date_created: 2021-03-07T23:01:25Z
date_published: 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-07T13:57:30Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.1242/dev.176065
external_id:
isi:
- '000613906000007'
pmid:
- '33526425'
intvolume: ' 148'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.176065
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 254E9036-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P28844-B27
name: Biophysics of information processing in gene regulation
publication: Development
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1477-9129
publication_status: published
publisher: The Company of Biologists
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The many bits of positional information
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 148
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9439'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The ability to adapt to changes in stimulus statistics is a hallmark of sensory
systems. Here, we developed a theoretical framework that can account for the dynamics
of adaptation from an information processing perspective. We use this framework
to optimize and analyze adaptive sensory codes, and we show that codes optimized
for stationary environments can suffer from prolonged periods of poor performance
when the environment changes. To mitigate the adversarial effects of these environmental
changes, sensory systems must navigate tradeoffs between the ability to accurately
encode incoming stimuli and the ability to rapidly detect and adapt to changes
in the distribution of these stimuli. We derive families of codes that balance
these objectives, and we demonstrate their close match to experimentally observed
neural dynamics during mean and variance adaptation. Our results provide a unifying
perspective on adaptation across a range of sensory systems, environments, and
sensory tasks.
acknowledgement: We thank D. Kastner and T. Münch for generously providing figures
from their work. We also thank V. Jayaraman, M. Noorman, T. Ma, and K. Krishnamurthy
for useful discussions and feedback on the manuscript. W.F.M. was funded by the
European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Grant Agreement No. 754411. A.M.H. was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Wiktor F
full_name: Mlynarski, Wiktor F
id: 358A453A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Mlynarski
- first_name: Ann M.
full_name: Hermundstad, Ann M.
last_name: Hermundstad
citation:
ama: Mlynarski WF, Hermundstad AM. Efficient and adaptive sensory codes. Nature
Neuroscience. 2021;24:998-1009. doi:10.1038/s41593-021-00846-0
apa: Mlynarski, W. F., & Hermundstad, A. M. (2021). Efficient and adaptive sensory
codes. Nature Neuroscience. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00846-0
chicago: Mlynarski, Wiktor F, and Ann M. Hermundstad. “Efficient and Adaptive Sensory
Codes.” Nature Neuroscience. Springer Nature, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00846-0.
ieee: W. F. Mlynarski and A. M. Hermundstad, “Efficient and adaptive sensory codes,”
Nature Neuroscience, vol. 24. Springer Nature, pp. 998–1009, 2021.
ista: Mlynarski WF, Hermundstad AM. 2021. Efficient and adaptive sensory codes.
Nature Neuroscience. 24, 998–1009.
mla: Mlynarski, Wiktor F., and Ann M. Hermundstad. “Efficient and Adaptive Sensory
Codes.” Nature Neuroscience, vol. 24, Springer Nature, 2021, pp. 998–1009,
doi:10.1038/s41593-021-00846-0.
short: W.F. Mlynarski, A.M. Hermundstad, Nature Neuroscience 24 (2021) 998–1009.
date_created: 2021-05-30T22:01:24Z
date_published: 2021-05-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:51:14Z
day: '20'
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.1038/s41593-021-00846-0
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000652577300003'
intvolume: ' 24'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: 'https://doi.org/10.1101/669200 '
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 998-1009
project:
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '754411'
name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
publication: Nature Neuroscience
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1546-1726
issn:
- 1097-6256
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Efficient and adaptive sensory codes
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 24
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9822'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Attachment of adhesive molecules on cell culture surfaces to restrict cell
adhesion to defined areas and shapes has been vital for the progress of in vitro
research. In currently existing patterning methods, a combination of pattern properties
such as stability, precision, specificity, high-throughput outcome, and spatiotemporal
control is highly desirable but challenging to achieve. Here, we introduce a versatile
and high-throughput covalent photoimmobilization technique, comprising a light-dose-dependent
patterning step and a subsequent functionalization of the pattern via click chemistry.
This two-step process is feasible on arbitrary surfaces and allows for generation
of sustainable patterns and gradients. The method is validated in different biological
systems by patterning adhesive ligands on cell-repellent surfaces, thereby constraining
the growth and migration of cells to the designated areas. We then implement a
sequential photopatterning approach by adding a second switchable patterning step,
allowing for spatiotemporal control over two distinct surface patterns. As a proof
of concept, we reconstruct the dynamics of the tip/stalk cell switch during angiogenesis.
Our results show that the spatiotemporal control provided by our “sequential photopatterning”
system is essential for mimicking dynamic biological processes and that our innovative
approach has great potential for further applications in cell science.
acknowledgement: We would like to thank Charlott Leu for the production of our chromium
wafers, Louise Ritter for her contribution of the IF stainings in Figure 4, Shokoufeh
Teymouri for her help with the Bioinert coated slides, and finally Prof. Dr. Joachim
Rädler for his valuable scientific guidance.
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Themistoklis
full_name: Zisis, Themistoklis
last_name: Zisis
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Schwarz, Jan
id: 346C1EC6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schwarz
- first_name: Miriam
full_name: Balles, Miriam
last_name: Balles
- first_name: Maibritt
full_name: Kretschmer, Maibritt
last_name: Kretschmer
- first_name: Maria
full_name: Nemethova, Maria
id: 34E27F1C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Nemethova
- first_name: Remy P
full_name: Chait, Remy P
id: 3464AE84-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chait
orcid: 0000-0003-0876-3187
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Hauschild, Robert
id: 4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hauschild
orcid: 0000-0001-9843-3522
- first_name: Janina
full_name: Lange, Janina
last_name: Lange
- first_name: Calin C
full_name: Guet, Calin C
id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Guet
orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052
- first_name: Michael K
full_name: Sixt, Michael K
id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sixt
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Zahler, Stefan
last_name: Zahler
citation:
ama: Zisis T, Schwarz J, Balles M, et al. Sequential and switchable patterning for
studying cellular processes under spatiotemporal control. ACS Applied Materials
and Interfaces. 2021;13(30):35545–35560. doi:10.1021/acsami.1c09850
apa: Zisis, T., Schwarz, J., Balles, M., Kretschmer, M., Nemethova, M., Chait, R.
P., … Zahler, S. (2021). Sequential and switchable patterning for studying cellular
processes under spatiotemporal control. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces.
American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c09850
chicago: Zisis, Themistoklis, Jan Schwarz, Miriam Balles, Maibritt Kretschmer, Maria
Nemethova, Remy P Chait, Robert Hauschild, et al. “Sequential and Switchable Patterning
for Studying Cellular Processes under Spatiotemporal Control.” ACS Applied
Materials and Interfaces. American Chemical Society, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c09850.
ieee: T. Zisis et al., “Sequential and switchable patterning for studying
cellular processes under spatiotemporal control,” ACS Applied Materials and
Interfaces, vol. 13, no. 30. American Chemical Society, pp. 35545–35560, 2021.
ista: Zisis T, Schwarz J, Balles M, Kretschmer M, Nemethova M, Chait RP, Hauschild
R, Lange J, Guet CC, Sixt MK, Zahler S. 2021. Sequential and switchable patterning
for studying cellular processes under spatiotemporal control. ACS Applied Materials
and Interfaces. 13(30), 35545–35560.
mla: Zisis, Themistoklis, et al. “Sequential and Switchable Patterning for Studying
Cellular Processes under Spatiotemporal Control.” ACS Applied Materials and
Interfaces, vol. 13, no. 30, American Chemical Society, 2021, pp. 35545–35560,
doi:10.1021/acsami.1c09850.
short: T. Zisis, J. Schwarz, M. Balles, M. Kretschmer, M. Nemethova, R.P. Chait,
R. Hauschild, J. Lange, C.C. Guet, M.K. Sixt, S. Zahler, ACS Applied Materials
and Interfaces 13 (2021) 35545–35560.
date_created: 2021-08-08T22:01:28Z
date_published: 2021-08-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-10T14:22:48Z
day: '04'
ddc:
- '620'
- '570'
department:
- _id: MiSi
- _id: GaTk
- _id: Bio
- _id: CaGu
doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c09850
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000683741400026'
pmid:
- '34283577'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b043a91d9f9200e467b970b692687ed3
content_type: application/pdf
creator: asandaue
date_created: 2021-08-09T09:44:03Z
date_updated: 2021-08-09T09:44:03Z
file_id: '9833'
file_name: 2021_ACSAppliedMaterialsAndInterfaces_Zisis.pdf
file_size: 7123293
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-08-09T09:44:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
isi: 1
issue: '30'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 35545–35560
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25FE9508-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '724373'
name: Cellular navigation along spatial gradients
publication: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '19448252'
issn:
- '19448244'
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Sequential and switchable patterning for studying cellular processes under
spatiotemporal control
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 13
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9828'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Amplitude demodulation is a classical operation used in signal processing.
For a long time, its effective applications in practice have been limited to narrowband
signals. In this work, we generalize amplitude demodulation to wideband signals.
We pose demodulation as a recovery problem of an oversampled corrupted signal
and introduce special iterative schemes belonging to the family of alternating
projection algorithms to solve it. Sensibly chosen structural assumptions on the
demodulation outputs allow us to reveal the high inferential accuracy of the method
over a rich set of relevant signals. This new approach surpasses current state-of-the-art
demodulation techniques apt to wideband signals in computational efficiency by
up to many orders of magnitude with no sacrifice in quality. Such performance
opens the door for applications of the amplitude demodulation procedure in new
contexts. In particular, the new method makes online and large-scale offline data
processing feasible, including the calculation of modulator-carrier pairs in higher
dimensions and poor sampling conditions, independent of the signal bandwidth.
We illustrate the utility and specifics of applications of the new method in practice
by using natural speech and synthetic signals.
acknowledgement: The author thanks his colleagues K. Huszár and G. Tkačik for valuable
discussions and comments on the manuscript.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Mantas
full_name: Gabrielaitis, Mantas
id: 4D5B0CBC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Gabrielaitis
orcid: 0000-0002-7758-2016
citation:
ama: Gabrielaitis M. Fast and accurate amplitude demodulation of wideband signals.
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. 2021;69:4039-4054. doi:10.1109/TSP.2021.3087899
apa: Gabrielaitis, M. (2021). Fast and accurate amplitude demodulation of wideband
signals. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2021.3087899
chicago: Gabrielaitis, Mantas. “Fast and Accurate Amplitude Demodulation of Wideband
Signals.” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2021.3087899.
ieee: M. Gabrielaitis, “Fast and accurate amplitude demodulation of wideband signals,”
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 69. Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, pp. 4039–4054, 2021.
ista: Gabrielaitis M. 2021. Fast and accurate amplitude demodulation of wideband
signals. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. 69, 4039–4054.
mla: Gabrielaitis, Mantas. “Fast and Accurate Amplitude Demodulation of Wideband
Signals.” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 69, Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2021, pp. 4039–54, doi:10.1109/TSP.2021.3087899.
short: M. Gabrielaitis, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 69 (2021) 4039–4054.
date_created: 2021-08-08T22:01:31Z
date_published: 2021-06-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-10T14:19:33Z
day: '09'
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3087899
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2102.04832'
isi:
- '000682123900002'
intvolume: ' 69'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.04832
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 4039 - 4054
publication: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1941-0476
issn:
- 1053-587X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Fast and accurate amplitude demodulation of wideband signals
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 69
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9362'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A central goal in systems neuroscience is to understand the functions performed
by neural circuits. Previous top-down models addressed this question by comparing
the behaviour of an ideal model circuit, optimised to perform a given function,
with neural recordings. However, this requires guessing in advance what function
is being performed, which may not be possible for many neural systems. To address
this, we propose an inverse reinforcement learning (RL) framework for inferring
the function performed by a neural network from data. We assume that the responses
of each neuron in a network are optimised so as to drive the network towards ‘rewarded’
states, that are desirable for performing a given function. We then show how one
can use inverse RL to infer the reward function optimised by the network from
observing its responses. This inferred reward function can be used to predict
how the neural network should adapt its dynamics to perform the same function
when the external environment or network structure changes. This could lead to
theoretical predictions about how neural network dynamics adapt to deal with cell
death and/or varying sensory stimulus statistics.
acknowledgement: The authors would like to thank Ulisse Ferrari for useful discussions
and feedback.
article_number: e0248940
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Matthew J
full_name: Chalk, Matthew J
id: 2BAAC544-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chalk
orcid: 0000-0001-7782-4436
- first_name: Gašper
full_name: Tkačik, Gašper
id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkačik
orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Marre, Olivier
last_name: Marre
citation:
ama: Chalk MJ, Tkačik G, Marre O. Inferring the function performed by a recurrent
neural network. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(4). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248940
apa: Chalk, M. J., Tkačik, G., & Marre, O. (2021). Inferring the function performed
by a recurrent neural network. PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248940
chicago: Chalk, Matthew J, Gašper Tkačik, and Olivier Marre. “Inferring the Function
Performed by a Recurrent Neural Network.” PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science,
2021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248940.
ieee: M. J. Chalk, G. Tkačik, and O. Marre, “Inferring the function performed by
a recurrent neural network,” PLoS ONE, vol. 16, no. 4. Public Library of
Science, 2021.
ista: Chalk MJ, Tkačik G, Marre O. 2021. Inferring the function performed by a recurrent
neural network. PLoS ONE. 16(4), e0248940.
mla: Chalk, Matthew J., et al. “Inferring the Function Performed by a Recurrent
Neural Network.” PLoS ONE, vol. 16, no. 4, e0248940, Public Library of
Science, 2021, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248940.
short: M.J. Chalk, G. Tkačik, O. Marre, PLoS ONE 16 (2021).
date_created: 2021-05-02T22:01:28Z
date_published: 2021-04-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-18T08:17:42Z
day: '15'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248940
external_id:
isi:
- '000641474900072'
pmid:
- '33857170'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c52da133850307d2031f552d998f00e8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2021-05-04T13:22:19Z
date_updated: 2021-05-04T13:22:19Z
file_id: '9371'
file_name: 2021_pone_Chalk.pdf
file_size: 2768282
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-05-04T13:22:19Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: PLoS ONE
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '19326203'
publication_status: published
publisher: Public Library of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Inferring the function performed by a recurrent neural network
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2021'
...