[{"issue":"1","volume":34,"ec_funded":1,"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","file":[{"checksum":"51220b76d72a614208f84bdbfbaf9b72","file_id":"14813","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2024-01-16T10:53:31Z","file_name":"2024_CurrentBiology_Arslan.pdf","date_updated":"2024-01-16T10:53:31Z","file_size":5183861,"creator":"dernst"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0960-9822"],"eissn":["1879-0445"]},"publication_status":"published","month":"01","intvolume":" 34","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"PreCl"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Metazoan development relies on the formation and remodeling of cell-cell contacts. Dynamic reorganization of adhesion receptors and the actomyosin cell cortex in space and time plays a central role in cell-cell contact formation and maturation. Nevertheless, how this process is mechanistically achieved when new contacts are formed remains unclear. Here, by building a biomimetic assay composed of progenitor cells adhering to supported lipid bilayers functionalized with E-cadherin ectodomains, we show that cortical F-actin flows, driven by the depletion of myosin-2 at the cell contact center, mediate the dynamic reorganization of adhesion receptors and cell cortex at the contact. E-cadherin-dependent downregulation of the small GTPase RhoA at the forming contact leads to both a depletion of myosin-2 and a decrease of F-actin at the contact center. At the contact rim, in contrast, myosin-2 becomes enriched by the retraction of bleb-like protrusions, resulting in a cortical tension gradient from the contact rim to its center. This tension gradient, in turn, triggers centrifugal F-actin flows, leading to further accumulation of F-actin at the contact rim and the progressive redistribution of E-cadherin from the contact center to the rim. Eventually, this combination of actomyosin downregulation and flows at the contact determines the characteristic molecular organization, with E-cadherin and F-actin accumulating at the contact rim, where they are needed to mechanically link the contractile cortices of the adhering cells."}],"department":[{"_id":"CaHe"},{"_id":"EdHa"},{"_id":"MaLo"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"file_date_updated":"2024-01-16T10:53:31Z","ddc":["570"],"date_updated":"2024-01-17T08:20:40Z","status":"public","article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"14795","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.067","date_published":"2024-01-08T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2024-01-14T23:00:56Z","page":"171-182.e8","day":"08","publication":"Current Biology","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2024","publisher":"Elsevier","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Edwin Munro for their feedback and help with the single particle analysis. We thank members of the Heisenberg and Loose labs for their help and feedback on the manuscript, notably Xin Tong for making the PCS2-mCherry-AHPH plasmid. Finally, we thank the Aquatics and Imaging & Optics facilities of ISTA for their continuous support, especially Yann Cesbron for assistance with the laser cutter. This work was supported by an ERC\r\nAdvanced Grant (MECSPEC) to C.-P.H.","title":"Adhesion-induced cortical flows pattern E-cadherin-mediated cell contacts","author":[{"last_name":"Arslan","full_name":"Arslan, Feyza N","orcid":"0000-0001-5809-9566","id":"49DA7910-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Feyza N"},{"first_name":"Edouard B","id":"3A9DB764-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Hannezo","orcid":"0000-0001-6005-1561","full_name":"Hannezo, Edouard B"},{"last_name":"Merrin","orcid":"0000-0001-5145-4609","full_name":"Merrin, Jack","id":"4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jack"},{"last_name":"Loose","orcid":"0000-0001-7309-9724","full_name":"Loose, Martin","first_name":"Martin","id":"462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Carl-Philipp J","last_name":"Heisenberg","orcid":"0000-0002-0912-4566","full_name":"Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J"}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"chicago":"Arslan, Feyza N, Edouard B Hannezo, Jack Merrin, Martin Loose, and Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg. “Adhesion-Induced Cortical Flows Pattern E-Cadherin-Mediated Cell Contacts.” Current Biology. Elsevier, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.067.","ista":"Arslan FN, Hannezo EB, Merrin J, Loose M, Heisenberg C-PJ. 2024. Adhesion-induced cortical flows pattern E-cadherin-mediated cell contacts. Current Biology. 34(1), 171–182.e8.","mla":"Arslan, Feyza N., et al. “Adhesion-Induced Cortical Flows Pattern E-Cadherin-Mediated Cell Contacts.” Current Biology, vol. 34, no. 1, Elsevier, 2024, p. 171–182.e8, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.067.","short":"F.N. Arslan, E.B. Hannezo, J. Merrin, M. Loose, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Current Biology 34 (2024) 171–182.e8.","ieee":"F. N. Arslan, E. B. Hannezo, J. Merrin, M. Loose, and C.-P. J. Heisenberg, “Adhesion-induced cortical flows pattern E-cadherin-mediated cell contacts,” Current Biology, vol. 34, no. 1. Elsevier, p. 171–182.e8, 2024.","ama":"Arslan FN, Hannezo EB, Merrin J, Loose M, Heisenberg C-PJ. Adhesion-induced cortical flows pattern E-cadherin-mediated cell contacts. Current Biology. 2024;34(1):171-182.e8. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.067","apa":"Arslan, F. N., Hannezo, E. B., Merrin, J., Loose, M., & Heisenberg, C.-P. J. (2024). Adhesion-induced cortical flows pattern E-cadherin-mediated cell contacts. Current Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.067"},"project":[{"_id":"260F1432-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"742573","name":"Interaction and feedback between cell mechanics and fate specification in vertebrate gastrulation"}]},{"project":[{"_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","grant_number":"101034413"}],"article_number":"064503","title":"Correlation-induced viscous dissipation in concentrated electrolytes","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","external_id":{"pmid":["38349632"],"arxiv":["2311.11784"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Paul","id":"48c58128-57b0-11ee-9095-dc28fd97fc1d","last_name":"Robin","full_name":"Robin, Paul","orcid":"0000-0002-5728-9189"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"ama":"Robin P. Correlation-induced viscous dissipation in concentrated electrolytes. Journal of Chemical Physics. 2024;160(6). doi:10.1063/5.0188215","apa":"Robin, P. (2024). Correlation-induced viscous dissipation in concentrated electrolytes. Journal of Chemical Physics. AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0188215","short":"P. Robin, Journal of Chemical Physics 160 (2024).","ieee":"P. Robin, “Correlation-induced viscous dissipation in concentrated electrolytes,” Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 160, no. 6. AIP Publishing, 2024.","mla":"Robin, Paul. “Correlation-Induced Viscous Dissipation in Concentrated Electrolytes.” Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 160, no. 6, 064503, AIP Publishing, 2024, doi:10.1063/5.0188215.","ista":"Robin P. 2024. Correlation-induced viscous dissipation in concentrated electrolytes. Journal of Chemical Physics. 160(6), 064503.","chicago":"Robin, Paul. “Correlation-Induced Viscous Dissipation in Concentrated Electrolytes.” Journal of Chemical Physics. AIP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0188215."},"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"AIP Publishing","acknowledgement":"The author thanks Lydéric Bocquet, Baptiste Coquinot, and Mathieu Lizée for fruitful discussions. This project received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413.","date_created":"2024-02-25T23:00:55Z","date_published":"2024-02-14T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1063/5.0188215","publication":"Journal of Chemical Physics","day":"14","year":"2024","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"type":"journal_article","article_type":"original","_id":"15024","file_date_updated":"2024-02-27T08:12:52Z","department":[{"_id":"EdHa"}],"ddc":["540"],"date_updated":"2024-02-27T08:16:06Z","intvolume":" 160","month":"02","scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Electrostatic correlations between ions dissolved in water are known to impact their transport properties in numerous ways, from conductivity to ion selectivity. The effects of these correlations on the solvent itself remain, however, much less clear. In particular, the addition of salt has been consistently reported to affect the solution’s viscosity, but most modeling attempts fail to reproduce experimental data even at moderate salt concentrations. Here, we use an approach based on stochastic density functional theory, which accurately captures charge fluctuations and correlations. We derive a simple analytical expression for the viscosity correction in concentrated electrolytes, by directly linking it to the liquid’s structure factor. Our prediction compares quantitatively to experimental data at all temperatures and all salt concentrations up to the saturation limit. This universal link between the microscopic structure and viscosity allows us to shed light on the nanoscale dynamics of water and ions under highly concentrated and correlated conditions."}],"ec_funded":1,"issue":"6","volume":160,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"checksum":"0a5e0ae70849bce674466fc054390ec0","file_id":"15034","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-02-27T08:12:52Z","file_name":"2024_JourChemicalPhysics_Robin.pdf","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-02-27T08:12:52Z","file_size":5452738}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-9606"],"eissn":["1089-7690"]}},{"volume":2608,"publication_identifier":{"eisbn":["9781071628874"],"isbn":["9781071628867"],"eissn":["1940-6029"]},"publication_status":"published","file":[{"file_name":"2023_MIMB_Hannezo.pdf","date_created":"2023-02-03T10:56:39Z","file_size":826598,"date_updated":"2023-02-03T10:56:39Z","creator":"dernst","success":1,"checksum":"aec1b8d3ba938ddf9d8fcb777f3c38ee","file_id":"12500","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["Methods in Molecular Biology"],"month":"01","intvolume":" 2608","abstract":[{"text":"The mammary gland consists of a bilayered epithelial structure with an extensively branched morphology. The majority of this epithelial tree is laid down during puberty, during which actively proliferating terminal end buds repeatedly elongate and bifurcate to form the basic structure of the ductal tree. Mammary ducts consist of a basal and luminal cell layer with a multitude of identified sub-lineages within both layers. The understanding of how these different cell lineages are cooperatively driving branching morphogenesis is a problem of crossing multiple scales, as this requires information on the macroscopic branched structure of the gland, as well as data on single-cell dynamics driving the morphogenic program. Here we describe a method to combine genetic lineage tracing with whole-gland branching analysis. Quantitative data on the global organ structure can be used to derive a model for mammary gland branching morphogenesis and provide a backbone on which the dynamics of individual cell lineages can be simulated and compared to lineage-tracing approaches. Eventually, these quantitative models and experiments allow to understand the couplings between the macroscopic shape of the mammary gland and the underlying single-cell dynamics driving branching morphogenesis.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","pmid":1,"file_date_updated":"2023-02-03T10:56:39Z","department":[{"_id":"EdHa"}],"date_updated":"2023-02-03T10:58:56Z","ddc":["570"],"type":"book_chapter","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"status":"public","_id":"12428","series_title":"MIMB","page":"183-205","doi":"10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_12","date_published":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2023-01-29T23:00:58Z","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2023","day":"19","publication":"Cell Migration in Three Dimensions","publisher":"Springer Nature","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"author":[{"id":"3A9DB764-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Edouard B","last_name":"Hannezo","orcid":"0000-0001-6005-1561","full_name":"Hannezo, Edouard B"},{"last_name":"Scheele","full_name":"Scheele, Colinda L.G.J.","first_name":"Colinda L.G.J."}],"external_id":{"pmid":["36653709"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"A Guide Toward Multi-scale and Quantitative Branching Analysis in the Mammary Gland","editor":[{"first_name":"Coert","full_name":"Margadant, Coert","last_name":"Margadant"}],"citation":{"short":"E.B. Hannezo, C.L.G.J. Scheele, in:, C. Margadant (Ed.), Cell Migration in Three Dimensions, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 183–205.","ieee":"E. B. Hannezo and C. L. G. J. Scheele, “A Guide Toward Multi-scale and Quantitative Branching Analysis in the Mammary Gland,” in Cell Migration in Three Dimensions, vol. 2608, C. Margadant, Ed. Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 183–205.","apa":"Hannezo, E. B., & Scheele, C. L. G. J. (2023). A Guide Toward Multi-scale and Quantitative Branching Analysis in the Mammary Gland. In C. Margadant (Ed.), Cell Migration in Three Dimensions (Vol. 2608, pp. 183–205). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_12","ama":"Hannezo EB, Scheele CLGJ. A Guide Toward Multi-scale and Quantitative Branching Analysis in the Mammary Gland. In: Margadant C, ed. Cell Migration in Three Dimensions. Vol 2608. MIMB. Springer Nature; 2023:183-205. doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_12","mla":"Hannezo, Edouard B., and Colinda L. G. J. Scheele. “A Guide Toward Multi-Scale and Quantitative Branching Analysis in the Mammary Gland.” Cell Migration in Three Dimensions, edited by Coert Margadant, vol. 2608, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 183–205, doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_12.","ista":"Hannezo EB, Scheele CLGJ. 2023.A Guide Toward Multi-scale and Quantitative Branching Analysis in the Mammary Gland. In: Cell Migration in Three Dimensions. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 2608, 183–205.","chicago":"Hannezo, Edouard B, and Colinda L.G.J. Scheele. “A Guide Toward Multi-Scale and Quantitative Branching Analysis in the Mammary Gland.” In Cell Migration in Three Dimensions, edited by Coert Margadant, 2608:183–205. MIMB. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_12."},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"_id":"12818","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","status":"public","date_updated":"2023-08-01T14:05:30Z","ddc":["570"],"department":[{"_id":"EdHa"}],"file_date_updated":"2023-04-11T06:27:00Z","abstract":[{"text":"The multicellular organization of diverse systems, including embryos, intestines, and tumors relies on coordinated cell migration in curved environments. In these settings, cells establish supracellular patterns of motion, including collective rotation and invasion. While such collective modes have been studied extensively in flat systems, the consequences of geometrical and topological constraints on collective migration in curved systems are largely unknown. Here, we discover a collective mode of cell migration in rotating spherical tissues manifesting as a propagating single-wavelength velocity wave. This wave is accompanied by an apparently incompressible supracellular flow pattern featuring topological defects as dictated by the spherical topology. Using a minimal active particle model, we reveal that this collective mode arises from the effect of curvature on the active flocking behavior of a cell layer confined to a spherical surface. Our results thus identify curvature-induced velocity waves as a mode of collective cell migration, impacting the dynamical organization of 3D curved tissues.","lang":"eng"}],"pmid":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","intvolume":" 14","month":"03","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2023-04-11T06:27:00Z","file_size":4146777,"date_created":"2023-04-11T06:27:00Z","file_name":"2023_NatureComm_Brandstaetter.pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"54f06f9eee11d43bab253f3492c983ba","file_id":"12821","success":1}],"volume":14,"article_number":"1643","citation":{"chicago":"Brandstätter, Tom, David Brückner, Yu Long Han, Ricard Alert, Ming Guo, and Chase P. Broedersz. “Curvature Induces Active Velocity Waves in Rotating Spherical Tissues.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37054-2.","ista":"Brandstätter T, Brückner D, Han YL, Alert R, Guo M, Broedersz CP. 2023. Curvature induces active velocity waves in rotating spherical tissues. Nature Communications. 14, 1643.","mla":"Brandstätter, Tom, et al. “Curvature Induces Active Velocity Waves in Rotating Spherical Tissues.” Nature Communications, vol. 14, 1643, Springer Nature, 2023, doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37054-2.","ama":"Brandstätter T, Brückner D, Han YL, Alert R, Guo M, Broedersz CP. Curvature induces active velocity waves in rotating spherical tissues. Nature Communications. 2023;14. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37054-2","apa":"Brandstätter, T., Brückner, D., Han, Y. L., Alert, R., Guo, M., & Broedersz, C. P. (2023). Curvature induces active velocity waves in rotating spherical tissues. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37054-2","short":"T. Brandstätter, D. Brückner, Y.L. Han, R. Alert, M. Guo, C.P. Broedersz, Nature Communications 14 (2023).","ieee":"T. Brandstätter, D. Brückner, Y. L. Han, R. Alert, M. Guo, and C. P. Broedersz, “Curvature induces active velocity waves in rotating spherical tissues,” Nature Communications, vol. 14. Springer Nature, 2023."},"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","external_id":{"isi":["000959887700008"],"pmid":["36964141"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"first_name":"Tom","last_name":"Brandstätter","full_name":"Brandstätter, Tom"},{"first_name":"David","id":"e1e86031-6537-11eb-953a-f7ab92be508d","last_name":"Brückner","orcid":"0000-0001-7205-2975","full_name":"Brückner, David"},{"last_name":"Han","full_name":"Han, Yu Long","first_name":"Yu Long"},{"first_name":"Ricard","full_name":"Alert, Ricard","last_name":"Alert"},{"first_name":"Ming","full_name":"Guo, Ming","last_name":"Guo"},{"first_name":"Chase P.","full_name":"Broedersz, Chase P.","last_name":"Broedersz"}],"title":"Curvature induces active velocity waves in rotating spherical tissues","acknowledgement":"We thank H. Abbaszadeh, M.J. Bowick, G. Gradziuk, M.C. Marchetti, and S. Shankar for their helpful discussions. Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—Project-ID 201269156-SFB 1032 (Project B12). D.B.B. is a NOMIS fellow supported by the NOMIS foundation and was in part supported by a DFG fellowship within the Graduate School of Quantitative Biosciences Munich (QBM) and Joachim Herz Stiftung. R.A. acknowledges support from the Human Frontier Science Program (LT000475/2018-C) and from the National Science Foundation, through the Center for the Physics of Biological Function (PHY-1734030). M.G. acknowledges support from NIH R01GM140108 and Alfred Sloan Foundation. Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—Project-ID 201269156-SFB 1032 (Project B12).Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.","oa":1,"publisher":"Springer Nature","quality_controlled":"1","year":"2023","isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","publication":"Nature Communications","day":"24","date_created":"2023-04-09T22:01:00Z","date_published":"2023-03-24T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-37054-2"},{"author":[{"last_name":"Boocock","full_name":"Boocock, Daniel R","orcid":"0000-0002-1585-2631","id":"453AF628-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Daniel R"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Mechanochemical pattern formation across biological scales","citation":{"ama":"Boocock DR. Mechanochemical pattern formation across biological scales. 2023. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12964","apa":"Boocock, D. R. (2023). Mechanochemical pattern formation across biological scales. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12964","ieee":"D. R. Boocock, “Mechanochemical pattern formation across biological scales,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","short":"D.R. Boocock, Mechanochemical Pattern Formation across Biological Scales, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","mla":"Boocock, Daniel R. Mechanochemical Pattern Formation across Biological Scales. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12964.","ista":"Boocock DR. 2023. Mechanochemical pattern formation across biological scales. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Boocock, Daniel R. “Mechanochemical Pattern Formation across Biological Scales.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12964."},"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","project":[{"name":"International IST Doctoral Program","grant_number":"665385","_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"page":"146","date_published":"2023-05-17T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:12964","date_created":"2023-05-15T14:52:36Z","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2023","day":"17","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"EdHa"}],"file_date_updated":"2023-05-19T07:04:25Z","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Hannezo","orcid":"0000-0001-6005-1561","full_name":"Hannezo, Edouard B","first_name":"Edouard B","id":"3A9DB764-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"date_updated":"2023-08-04T11:02:40Z","ddc":["530"],"type":"dissertation","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)"},"status":"public","_id":"12964","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"8602","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","ec_funded":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"],"isbn":["978-3-99078-032-9"]},"degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_status":"published","file":[{"checksum":"d51240675fc6dc0e3f5dc0c902695d3a","file_id":"12988","embargo":"2024-05-17","content_type":"application/pdf","embargo_to":"open_access","access_level":"closed","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2023-05-17T13:39:54Z","file_name":"thesis_boocock.pdf","date_updated":"2023-05-19T07:04:25Z","file_size":40414730,"creator":"dboocock"},{"date_created":"2023-05-17T13:39:53Z","file_name":"thesis_boocock.zip","date_updated":"2023-05-17T14:35:13Z","file_size":34338567,"creator":"dboocock","checksum":"581a2313ffeb40fe77e8a122a25a7795","file_id":"12989","content_type":"application/zip","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"month":"05","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Pattern formation is of great importance for its contribution across different biological behaviours. During developmental processes for example, patterns of chemical gradients are\r\nestablished to determine cell fate and complex tissue patterns emerge to define structures such\r\nas limbs and vascular networks. Patterns are also seen in collectively migrating groups, for\r\ninstance traveling waves of density emerging in moving animal flocks as well as collectively migrating cells and tissues. To what extent these biological patterns arise spontaneously through\r\nthe local interaction of individual constituents or are dictated by higher level instructions is\r\nstill an open question however there is evidence for the involvement of both types of process.\r\nWhere patterns arise spontaneously there is a long standing interest in how far the interplay\r\nof mechanics, e.g. force generation and deformation, and chemistry, e.g. gene regulation\r\nand signaling, contributes to the behaviour. This is because many systems are able to both\r\nchemically regulate mechanical force production and chemically sense mechanical deformation,\r\nforming mechano-chemical feedback loops which can potentially become unstable towards\r\nspatio and/or temporal patterning.\r\nWe work with experimental collaborators to investigate the possibility that this type of\r\ninteraction drives pattern formation in biological systems at different scales. We focus first on\r\ntissue-level ERK-density waves observed during the wound healing response across different\r\nsystems where many previous studies have proposed that patterns depend on polarized cell\r\nmigration and arise from a mechanical flocking-like mechanism. By combining theory with\r\nmechanical and optogenetic perturbation experiments on in vitro monolayers we instead find\r\nevidence for mechanochemical pattern formation involving only scalar bilateral feedbacks\r\nbetween ERK signaling and cell contraction. We perform further modeling and experiment\r\nto study how this instability couples with polar cell migration in order to produce a robust\r\nand efficient wound healing response. In a following chapter we implement ERK-density\r\ncoupling and cell migration in a 2D active vertex model to investigate the interaction of\r\nERK-density patterning with different tissue rheologies and find that the spatio-temporal\r\ndynamics are able to both locally and globally fluidize a tissue across the solid-fluid glass\r\ntransition. In a last chapter we move towards lower spatial scales in the context of subcellular\r\npatterning of the cell cytoskeleton where we investigate the transition between phases of\r\nspatially homogeneous temporal oscillations and chaotic spatio-temporal patterning in the\r\ndynamics of myosin and ROCK activities (a motor component of the actomyosin cytoskeleton\r\nand its activator). Experimental evidence supports an intrinsic chemical oscillator which we\r\nencode in a reaction model and couple to a contractile active gel description of the cell cortex.\r\nThe model exhibits phases of chemical oscillations and contractile spatial patterning which\r\nreproduce many features of the dynamics seen in Drosophila oocyte epithelia in vivo. However,\r\nadditional pharmacological perturbations to inhibit myosin contractility leaves the role of\r\ncontractile instability unclear. We discuss alternative hypotheses and investigate the possibility\r\nof reaction-diffusion instability."}],"oa_version":"Published Version"}]