--- _id: '8262' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Background: The genus Burkholderia consists of species that occupy remarkably diverse ecological niches. Its best known members are important pathogens, B. mallei and B. pseudomallei, which cause glanders and melioidosis, respectively. Burkholderia genomes are unusual due to their multichromosomal organization, generally comprised of 2-3 chromosomes.\r\n\r\nResults: We performed integrated genomic analysis of 127 Burkholderia strains. The pan-genome is open with the saturation to be reached between 86,000 and 88,000 genes. The reconstructed rearrangements indicate a strong avoidance of intra-replichore inversions that is likely caused by selection against the transfer of large groups of genes between the leading and the lagging strands. Translocated genes also tend to retain their position in the leading or the lagging strand, and this selection is stronger for large syntenies. Integrated reconstruction of chromosome rearrangements in the context of strains phylogeny reveals parallel rearrangements that may indicate inversion-based phase variation and integration of new genomic islands. In particular, we detected parallel inversions in the second chromosomes of B. pseudomallei with breakpoints formed by genes encoding membrane components of multidrug resistance complex, that may be linked to a phase variation mechanism. Two genomic islands, spreading horizontally between chromosomes, were detected in the B. cepacia group.\r\n\r\nConclusions: This study demonstrates the power of integrated analysis of pan-genomes, chromosome rearrangements, and selection regimes. Non-random inversion patterns indicate selective pressure, inversions are particularly frequent in a recent pathogen B. mallei, and, together with periods of positive selection at other branches, may indicate adaptation to new niches. One such adaptation could be a possible phase variation mechanism in B. pseudomallei." article_number: '965' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Olga full_name: Bochkareva, Olga id: C4558D3C-6102-11E9-A62E-F418E6697425 last_name: Bochkareva orcid: 0000-0003-1006-6639 - first_name: Elena V. full_name: Moroz, Elena V. last_name: Moroz - first_name: Iakov I. full_name: Davydov, Iakov I. last_name: Davydov - first_name: Mikhail S. full_name: Gelfand, Mikhail S. last_name: Gelfand citation: ama: Bochkareva O, Moroz EV, Davydov II, Gelfand MS. Genome rearrangements and selection in multi-chromosome bacteria Burkholderia spp. BMC Genomics. 2018;19. doi:10.1186/s12864-018-5245-1 apa: Bochkareva, O., Moroz, E. V., Davydov, I. I., & Gelfand, M. S. (2018). Genome rearrangements and selection in multi-chromosome bacteria Burkholderia spp. BMC Genomics. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-5245-1 chicago: Bochkareva, Olga, Elena V. Moroz, Iakov I. Davydov, and Mikhail S. Gelfand. “Genome Rearrangements and Selection in Multi-Chromosome Bacteria Burkholderia Spp.” BMC Genomics. Springer Nature, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-5245-1. ieee: O. Bochkareva, E. V. Moroz, I. I. Davydov, and M. S. Gelfand, “Genome rearrangements and selection in multi-chromosome bacteria Burkholderia spp.,” BMC Genomics, vol. 19. Springer Nature, 2018. ista: Bochkareva O, Moroz EV, Davydov II, Gelfand MS. 2018. Genome rearrangements and selection in multi-chromosome bacteria Burkholderia spp. BMC Genomics. 19, 965. mla: Bochkareva, Olga, et al. “Genome Rearrangements and Selection in Multi-Chromosome Bacteria Burkholderia Spp.” BMC Genomics, vol. 19, 965, Springer Nature, 2018, doi:10.1186/s12864-018-5245-1. short: O. Bochkareva, E.V. Moroz, I.I. Davydov, M.S. Gelfand, BMC Genomics 19 (2018). date_created: 2020-08-15T11:02:08Z date_published: 2018-12-27T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-23T13:28:52Z day: '27' doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-5245-1 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 19' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-5245-1 month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: BMC Genomics publication_identifier: issn: - 1471-2164 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Genome rearrangements and selection in multi-chromosome bacteria Burkholderia spp. type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 19 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '8265' abstract: - lang: eng text: Genome rearrangements have played an important role in the evolution of Yersinia pestis from its progenitor Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Traditional phylogenetic trees for Y. pestis based on sequence comparison have short internal branches and low bootstrap supports as only a small number of nucleotide substitutions have occurred. On the other hand, even a small number of genome rearrangements may resolve topological ambiguities in a phylogenetic tree. We reconstructed phylogenetic trees based on genome rearrangements using several popular approaches such as Maximum likelihood for Gene Order and the Bayesian model of genome rearrangements by inversions. We also reconciled phylogenetic trees for each of the three CRISPR loci to obtain an integrated scenario of the CRISPR cassette evolution. Analysis of contradictions between the obtained evolutionary trees yielded numerous parallel inversions and gain/loss events. Our data indicate that an integrated analysis of sequence-based and inversion-based trees enhances the resolution of phylogenetic reconstruction. In contrast, reconstructions of strain relationships based on solely CRISPR loci may not be reliable, as the history is obscured by large deletions, obliterating the order of spacer gains. Similarly, numerous parallel gene losses preclude reconstruction of phylogeny based on gene content. article_number: e4545 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Olga full_name: Bochkareva, Olga id: C4558D3C-6102-11E9-A62E-F418E6697425 last_name: Bochkareva orcid: 0000-0003-1006-6639 - first_name: Natalia O. full_name: Dranenko, Natalia O. last_name: Dranenko - first_name: Elena S. full_name: Ocheredko, Elena S. last_name: Ocheredko - first_name: German M. full_name: Kanevsky, German M. last_name: Kanevsky - first_name: Yaroslav N. full_name: Lozinsky, Yaroslav N. last_name: Lozinsky - first_name: Vera A. full_name: Khalaycheva, Vera A. last_name: Khalaycheva - first_name: Irena I. full_name: Artamonova, Irena I. last_name: Artamonova - first_name: Mikhail S. full_name: Gelfand, Mikhail S. last_name: Gelfand citation: ama: Bochkareva O, Dranenko NO, Ocheredko ES, et al. Genome rearrangements and phylogeny reconstruction in Yersinia pestis. PeerJ. 2018;6. doi:10.7717/peerj.4545 apa: Bochkareva, O., Dranenko, N. O., Ocheredko, E. S., Kanevsky, G. M., Lozinsky, Y. N., Khalaycheva, V. A., … Gelfand, M. S. (2018). Genome rearrangements and phylogeny reconstruction in Yersinia pestis. PeerJ. PeerJ. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4545 chicago: Bochkareva, Olga, Natalia O. Dranenko, Elena S. Ocheredko, German M. Kanevsky, Yaroslav N. Lozinsky, Vera A. Khalaycheva, Irena I. Artamonova, and Mikhail S. Gelfand. “Genome Rearrangements and Phylogeny Reconstruction in Yersinia Pestis.” PeerJ. PeerJ, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4545. ieee: O. Bochkareva et al., “Genome rearrangements and phylogeny reconstruction in Yersinia pestis,” PeerJ, vol. 6. PeerJ, 2018. ista: Bochkareva O, Dranenko NO, Ocheredko ES, Kanevsky GM, Lozinsky YN, Khalaycheva VA, Artamonova II, Gelfand MS. 2018. Genome rearrangements and phylogeny reconstruction in Yersinia pestis. PeerJ. 6, e4545. mla: Bochkareva, Olga, et al. “Genome Rearrangements and Phylogeny Reconstruction in Yersinia Pestis.” PeerJ, vol. 6, e4545, PeerJ, 2018, doi:10.7717/peerj.4545. short: O. Bochkareva, N.O. Dranenko, E.S. Ocheredko, G.M. Kanevsky, Y.N. Lozinsky, V.A. Khalaycheva, I.I. Artamonova, M.S. Gelfand, PeerJ 6 (2018). date_created: 2020-08-15T11:08:23Z date_published: 2018-03-27T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-23T13:28:57Z day: '27' doi: 10.7717/peerj.4545 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '29607260' intvolume: ' 6' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4545 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: PeerJ publication_identifier: issn: - 2167-8359 publication_status: published publisher: PeerJ quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Genome rearrangements and phylogeny reconstruction in Yersinia pestis type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 6 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '8274' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Background/Aim: Our aim was to investigate the crosstalk between tumor and immune cells (M2 macrophages) and its effects on cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2) regulation in canine mammary tumors (CMT). Materials and Methods: Sh1b CMT cells and human BT474 mammary or HT29 colon cancer cells were co-cultured with canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or with macrophage-like differentiated THP1 monocytes (dTHP1). Intracellular COX2 expression by PBMCs, dTHP1 and cancer cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results: Co-culturing of Sh1b and canine PBMCs induced COX2 overexpression in CMT cells. In turn, COX2 expression by PBMCs, mostly CD68+ macrophages, was attenuated by co-culture with Sh1b (p=0.0001). In accordance, co-culture with dTHP1 prompted intracellular production of COX2 in both Sh1b CMT cells and HT29 human colon cancer cells and reduced production of COX2 in BT474 human mammary cancer cells. The intracellular COX2 expression from dTHP1 decreased when treated with conditioned medium from cultured Sh1b and HT29 cancer cells. Conclusion: Bidirectional COX2 regulation between cancer and monocytes/macrophages might shape a tolerogenic tumor microenvironment in CMT.' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Maria Isabel full_name: Carvalho, Maria Isabel last_name: Carvalho - first_name: Rodolfo full_name: Bianchini, Rodolfo last_name: Bianchini - first_name: Judit full_name: Fazekas-Singer, Judit id: 36432834-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Fazekas-Singer orcid: 0000-0002-8777-3502 - first_name: Ina full_name: Herrmann, Ina last_name: Herrmann - first_name: Irene full_name: Flickinger, Irene last_name: Flickinger - first_name: Johann G. full_name: Thalhammer, Johann G. last_name: Thalhammer - first_name: Isabel full_name: Pires, Isabel last_name: Pires - first_name: Erika full_name: Jensen-Jarolim, Erika last_name: Jensen-Jarolim - first_name: Felisbina L. full_name: Queiroga, Felisbina L. last_name: Queiroga citation: ama: Carvalho MI, Bianchini R, Singer J, et al. Bidirectional regulation of COX-2 expression between cancer cells and macrophages. Anticancer Research. 2018;38(5):2811-2817. doi:10.21873/anticanres.12525 apa: Carvalho, M. I., Bianchini, R., Singer, J., Herrmann, I., Flickinger, I., Thalhammer, J. G., … Queiroga, F. L. (2018). Bidirectional regulation of COX-2 expression between cancer cells and macrophages. Anticancer Research. International Institute of Anticancer Research. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.12525 chicago: Carvalho, Maria Isabel, Rodolfo Bianchini, Judit Singer, Ina Herrmann, Irene Flickinger, Johann G. Thalhammer, Isabel Pires, Erika Jensen-Jarolim, and Felisbina L. Queiroga. “Bidirectional Regulation of COX-2 Expression between Cancer Cells and Macrophages.” Anticancer Research. International Institute of Anticancer Research, 2018. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.12525. ieee: M. I. Carvalho et al., “Bidirectional regulation of COX-2 expression between cancer cells and macrophages,” Anticancer Research, vol. 38, no. 5. International Institute of Anticancer Research, pp. 2811–2817, 2018. ista: Carvalho MI, Bianchini R, Singer J, Herrmann I, Flickinger I, Thalhammer JG, Pires I, Jensen-Jarolim E, Queiroga FL. 2018. Bidirectional regulation of COX-2 expression between cancer cells and macrophages. Anticancer Research. 38(5), 2811–2817. mla: Carvalho, Maria Isabel, et al. “Bidirectional Regulation of COX-2 Expression between Cancer Cells and Macrophages.” Anticancer Research, vol. 38, no. 5, International Institute of Anticancer Research, 2018, pp. 2811–17, doi:10.21873/anticanres.12525. short: M.I. Carvalho, R. Bianchini, J. Singer, I. Herrmann, I. Flickinger, J.G. Thalhammer, I. Pires, E. Jensen-Jarolim, F.L. Queiroga, Anticancer Research 38 (2018) 2811–2817. date_created: 2020-08-17T07:13:55Z date_published: 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:17:52Z day: '01' doi: 10.21873/anticanres.12525 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 38' issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa_version: None page: 2811-2817 publication: Anticancer Research publication_identifier: eissn: - 1791-7530 issn: - 0250-7005 publication_status: published publisher: International Institute of Anticancer Research quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Bidirectional regulation of COX-2 expression between cancer cells and macrophages type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 38 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '8298' abstract: - lang: eng text: Sharding, or partitioning the system’s state so that different subsets of participants handle it, is a proven approach to building distributed systems whose total capacity scales horizontally with the number of participants. Many distributed ledgers have adopted this approach to increase their performance, however, they focus on the permissionless setting that assumes the existence of a strong adversary. In this paper, we deploy channels for permissioned blockchains. Our first contribution is to adapt sharding on asset-management applications for the permissioned setting, while preserving liveness and safety even on transactions spanning across-channels. Our second contribution is to leverage channels as a confidentiality boundary, enabling different organizations and consortia to preserve their privacy within their channels and still be part of a bigger collaborative ecosystem. To make our system concrete we map it on top of Hyperledger Fabric. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Elli full_name: Androulaki, Elli last_name: Androulaki - first_name: Christian full_name: Cachin, Christian last_name: Cachin - first_name: Angelo full_name: De Caro, Angelo last_name: De Caro - first_name: Eleftherios full_name: Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios id: f5983044-d7ef-11ea-ac6d-fd1430a26d30 last_name: Kokoris Kogias citation: ama: 'Androulaki E, Cachin C, De Caro A, Kokoris Kogias E. Channels: Horizontal scaling and confidentiality on permissioned blockchains. In: Computer Security. Vol 11098. Springer Nature; 2018:111-131. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99073-6_6' apa: 'Androulaki, E., Cachin, C., De Caro, A., & Kokoris Kogias, E. (2018). Channels: Horizontal scaling and confidentiality on permissioned blockchains. In Computer Security (Vol. 11098, pp. 111–131). Barcelona, Spain: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99073-6_6' chicago: 'Androulaki, Elli, Christian Cachin, Angelo De Caro, and Eleftherios Kokoris Kogias. “Channels: Horizontal Scaling and Confidentiality on Permissioned Blockchains.” In Computer Security, 11098:111–31. Springer Nature, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99073-6_6.' ieee: 'E. Androulaki, C. Cachin, A. De Caro, and E. Kokoris Kogias, “Channels: Horizontal scaling and confidentiality on permissioned blockchains,” in Computer Security, Barcelona, Spain, 2018, vol. 11098, pp. 111–131.' ista: 'Androulaki E, Cachin C, De Caro A, Kokoris Kogias E. 2018. Channels: Horizontal scaling and confidentiality on permissioned blockchains. Computer Security. ESORICS: European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, LNCS, vol. 11098, 111–131.' mla: 'Androulaki, Elli, et al. “Channels: Horizontal Scaling and Confidentiality on Permissioned Blockchains.” Computer Security, vol. 11098, Springer Nature, 2018, pp. 111–31, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99073-6_6.' short: E. Androulaki, C. Cachin, A. De Caro, E. Kokoris Kogias, in:, Computer Security, Springer Nature, 2018, pp. 111–131. conference: end_date: 2018-09-07 location: Barcelona, Spain name: 'ESORICS: European Symposium on Research in Computer Security' start_date: 2018-09-03 date_created: 2020-08-26T11:47:34Z date_published: 2018-08-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:17:57Z day: '08' doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-99073-6_6 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 11098' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa_version: None page: 111-131 publication: Computer Security publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783319990736' isbn: - '9783319990729' issn: - 0302-9743 - 1611-3349 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Channels: Horizontal scaling and confidentiality on permissioned blockchains' type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 11098 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '8297' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Designing a secure permissionless distributed ledger (blockchain) that performs on par with centralized payment\r\nprocessors, such as Visa, is a challenging task. Most existing distributed ledgers are unable to scale-out, i.e., to grow their totalprocessing capacity with the number of validators; and those that do, compromise security or decentralization. We present OmniLedger, a novel scale-out distributed ledger that preserves longterm security under permissionless operation. It ensures security and correctness by using a bias-resistant public-randomness protocol for choosing large, statistically representative shards that process transactions, and by introducing an efficient crossshard commit protocol that atomically handles transactions affecting multiple shards. OmniLedger also optimizes performance via parallel intra-shard transaction processing, ledger pruning via collectively-signed state blocks, and low-latency “trust-butverify” \r\nvalidation for low-value transactions. An evaluation ofour experimental prototype shows that OmniLedger’s throughput\r\nscales linearly in the number of active validators, supporting Visa-level workloads and beyond, while confirming typical transactions in under two seconds." article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Eleftherios full_name: Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios id: f5983044-d7ef-11ea-ac6d-fd1430a26d30 last_name: Kokoris Kogias - first_name: Philipp full_name: Jovanovic, Philipp last_name: Jovanovic - first_name: Linus full_name: Gasser, Linus last_name: Gasser - first_name: Nicolas full_name: Gailly, Nicolas last_name: Gailly - first_name: Ewa full_name: Syta, Ewa last_name: Syta - first_name: Bryan full_name: Ford, Bryan last_name: Ford citation: ama: 'Kokoris Kogias E, Jovanovic P, Gasser L, Gailly N, Syta E, Ford B. OmniLedger: A secure, scale-out, decentralized ledger via sharding. In: 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. IEEE; 2018:583-598. doi:10.1109/sp.2018.000-5' apa: 'Kokoris Kogias, E., Jovanovic, P., Gasser, L., Gailly, N., Syta, E., & Ford, B. (2018). OmniLedger: A secure, scale-out, decentralized ledger via sharding. In 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (pp. 583–598). San Francisco, CA, United States: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.2018.000-5' chicago: 'Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios, Philipp Jovanovic, Linus Gasser, Nicolas Gailly, Ewa Syta, and Bryan Ford. “OmniLedger: A Secure, Scale-out, Decentralized Ledger via Sharding.” In 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, 583–98. IEEE, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.2018.000-5.' ieee: 'E. Kokoris Kogias, P. Jovanovic, L. Gasser, N. Gailly, E. Syta, and B. Ford, “OmniLedger: A secure, scale-out, decentralized ledger via sharding,” in 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2018, pp. 583–598.' ista: 'Kokoris Kogias E, Jovanovic P, Gasser L, Gailly N, Syta E, Ford B. 2018. OmniLedger: A secure, scale-out, decentralized ledger via sharding. 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. SP: Symposium on Security and Privacy, 583–598.' mla: 'Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios, et al. “OmniLedger: A Secure, Scale-out, Decentralized Ledger via Sharding.” 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, IEEE, 2018, pp. 583–98, doi:10.1109/sp.2018.000-5.' short: E. Kokoris Kogias, P. Jovanovic, L. Gasser, N. Gailly, E. Syta, B. Ford, in:, 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, IEEE, 2018, pp. 583–598. conference: end_date: 2018-05-24 location: San Francisco, CA, United States name: 'SP: Symposium on Security and Privacy' start_date: 2018-05-20 date_created: 2020-08-26T11:46:35Z date_published: 2018-07-26T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:17:56Z day: '26' doi: 10.1109/sp.2018.000-5 extern: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/406 month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 583-598 publication: 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy publication_identifier: isbn: - '9781538643532' issn: - 2375-1207 publication_status: published publisher: IEEE quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'OmniLedger: A secure, scale-out, decentralized ledger via sharding' type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2018' ...