TY - JOUR AB - Multicellular development requires coordinated cell polarization relative to body axes, and translation to oriented cell division 1–3 . In plants, it is unknown how cell polarities are connected to organismal axes and translated to division. Here, we identify Arabidopsis SOSEKI proteins that integrate apical–basal and radial organismal axes to localize to polar cell edges. Localization does not depend on tissue context, requires cell wall integrity and is defined by a transferrable, protein-specific motif. A Domain of Unknown Function in SOSEKI proteins resembles the DIX oligomerization domain in the animal Dishevelled polarity regulator. The DIX-like domain self-interacts and is required for edge localization and for influencing division orientation, together with a second domain that defines the polar membrane domain. Our work shows that SOSEKI proteins locally interpret global polarity cues and can influence cell division orientation. Furthermore, this work reveals that, despite fundamental differences, cell polarity mechanisms in plants and animals converge on a similar protein domain. AU - Yoshida, Saiko AU - Van Der Schuren, Alja AU - Van Dop, Maritza AU - Van Galen, Luc AU - Saiga, Shunsuke AU - Adibi, Milad AU - Möller, Barbara AU - Ten Hove, Colette A. AU - Marhavy, Peter AU - Smith, Richard AU - Friml, Jiří AU - Weijers, Dolf ID - 6023 IS - 2 JF - Nature Plants TI - A SOSEKI-based coordinate system interprets global polarity cues in arabidopsis VL - 5 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Recent technical developments in the fields of quantum electromechanics and optomechanics have spawned nanoscale mechanical transducers with the sensitivity to measure mechanical displacements at the femtometre scale and the ability to convert electromagnetic signals at the single photon level. A key challenge in this field is obtaining strong coupling between motion and electromagnetic fields without adding additional decoherence. Here we present an electromechanical transducer that integrates a high-frequency (0.42 GHz) hypersonic phononic crystal with a superconducting microwave circuit. The use of a phononic bandgap crystal enables quantum-level transduction of hypersonic mechanical motion and concurrently eliminates decoherence caused by acoustic radiation. Devices with hypersonic mechanical frequencies provide a natural pathway for integration with Josephson junction quantum circuits, a leading quantum computing technology, and nanophotonic systems capable of optical networking and distributing quantum information. AU - Kalaee, Mahmoud AU - Mirhosseini, Mohammad AU - Dieterle, Paul B. AU - Peruzzo, Matilda AU - Fink, Johannes M AU - Painter, Oskar ID - 6053 IS - 4 JF - Nature Nanotechnology SN - 1748-3387 TI - Quantum electromechanics of a hypersonic crystal VL - 14 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We answer a question of David Hilbert: given two circles it is not possible in general to construct their centers using only a straightedge. On the other hand, we give infinitely many families of pairs of circles for which such construction is possible. AU - Akopyan, Arseniy AU - Fedorov, Roman ID - 6050 JF - Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society TI - Two circles and only a straightedge VL - 147 ER - TY - GEN AU - Merrill, Richard M. AU - Rastas, Pasi AU - Martin, Simon H. AU - Melo Hurtado, Maria C AU - Barker, Sarah AU - Davey, John AU - Mcmillan, W. Owen AU - Jiggins, Chris D. ID - 9801 TI - Raw behavioral data ER - TY - JOUR AB - Both classical and recent studies suggest that chromosomal inversion polymorphisms are important in adaptation and speciation. However, biases in discovery and reporting of inversions make it difficult to assess their prevalence and biological importance. Here, we use an approach based on linkage disequilibrium among markers genotyped for samples collected across a transect between contrasting habitats to detect chromosomal rearrangements de novo. We report 17 polymorphic rearrangements in a single locality for the coastal marine snail, Littorina saxatilis. Patterns of diversity in the field and of recombination in controlled crosses provide strong evidence that at least the majority of these rearrangements are inversions. Most show clinal changes in frequency between habitats, suggestive of divergent selection, but only one appears to be fixed for different arrangements in the two habitats. Consistent with widespread evidence for balancing selection on inversion polymorphisms, we argue that a combination of heterosis and divergent selection can explain the observed patterns and should be considered in other systems spanning environmental gradients. AU - Faria, Rui AU - Chaube, Pragya AU - Morales, Hernán E. AU - Larsson, Tomas AU - Lemmon, Alan R. AU - Lemmon, Emily M. AU - Rafajlović, Marina AU - Panova, Marina AU - Ravinet, Mark AU - Johannesson, Kerstin AU - Westram, Anja M AU - Butlin, Roger K. ID - 6095 IS - 6 JF - Molecular Ecology SN - 0962-1083 TI - Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in a hybrid zone between Littorina saxatilis ecotypes VL - 28 ER -