@article{11517, abstract = {To understand star formation in galaxies, we investigate the star formation rate (SFR) surface density (ΣSFR) profiles for galaxies, based on a well-defined sample of 976 star-forming MaNGA galaxies. We find that the typical ΣSFR profiles within 1.5Re of normal SF galaxies can be well described by an exponential function for different stellar mass intervals, while the sSFR profile shows positive gradients, especially for more massive SF galaxies. This is due to the more pronounced central cores or bulges rather than the onset of a `quenching' process. While galaxies that lie significantly above (or below) the star formation main sequence (SFMS) show overall an elevation (or suppression) of ΣSFR at all radii, this central elevation (or suppression) is more pronounced in more massive galaxies. The degree of central enhancement and suppression is quite symmetric, suggesting that both the elevation and suppression of star formation are following the same physical processes. Furthermore, we find that the dispersion in ΣSFR within and across the population is found to be tightly correlated with the inferred gas depletion time, whether based on the stellar surface mass density or the orbital dynamical time. This suggests that we are seeing the response of a simple gas-regulator system to variations in the accretion rate. This is explored using a heuristic model that can quantitatively explain the dependence of σ(ΣSFR) on gas depletion timescale. Variations in accretion rate are progressively more damped out in regions of low star-formation efficiency leading to a reduced amplitude of variations in star-formation.}, author = {Wang, Enci and Lilly, Simon J. and Pezzulli, Gabriele and Matthee, Jorryt J}, issn = {1538-4357}, journal = {The Astrophysical Journal}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, title = {{On the elevation and suppression of star formation within galaxies}}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab1c5b}, volume = {877}, year = {2019}, } @article{11535, abstract = {We investigate the clustering and halo properties of ∼5000 Ly α-selected emission-line galaxies (LAEs) from the Slicing COSMOS 4K (SC4K) and from archival NB497 imaging of SA22 split in 15 discrete redshift slices between z ∼ 2.5 and 6. We measure clustering lengths of r0 ∼ 3–6 h−1 Mpc and typical halo masses of ∼1011 M⊙ for our narrowband-selected LAEs with typical LLy α ∼ 1042–43 erg s−1. The intermediate-band-selected LAEs are observed to have r0 ∼ 3.5–15 h−1 Mpc with typical halo masses of ∼1011–12 M⊙ and typical LLy α ∼ 1043–43.6 erg s−1. We find a strong, redshift-independent correlation between halo mass and Ly α luminosity normalized by the characteristic Ly α luminosity, L⋆(z). The faintest LAEs (L ∼ 0.1 L⋆(z)) typically identified by deep narrowband surveys are found in 1010 M⊙ haloes and the brightest LAEs (L ∼ 7 L⋆(z)) are found in ∼5 × 1012 M⊙ haloes. A dependency on the rest-frame 1500 Å UV luminosity, MUV, is also observed where the halo masses increase from 1011 to 1013 M⊙ for MUV ∼ −19 to −23.5 mag. Halo mass is also observed to increase from 109.8 to 1012 M⊙ for dust-corrected UV star formation rates from ∼0.6 to 10 M⊙ yr−1 and continues to increase up to 1013 M⊙ in halo mass, where the majority of those sources are active galactic nuclei. All the trends we observe are found to be redshift independent. Our results reveal that LAEs are the likely progenitors of a wide range of galaxies depending on their luminosity, from dwarf-like, to Milky Way-type, to bright cluster galaxies. LAEs therefore provide unique insight into the early formation and evolution of the galaxies we observe in the local Universe.}, author = {Khostovan, A A and Sobral, D and Mobasher, B and Matthee, Jorryt J and Cochrane, R K and Chartab, N and Jafariyazani, M and Paulino-Afonso, A and Santos, S and Calhau, J}, issn = {1365-2966}, journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: haloes, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: star formation, cosmology: observations, large-scale structure of Universe}, number = {1}, pages = {555--573}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{The clustering of typical Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2.5–6: Host halo masses depend on Ly α and UV luminosities}}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stz2149}, volume = {489}, year = {2019}, } @article{11541, abstract = {We present new Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/WFC3 observations and re-analyse VLT data to unveil the continuum, variability, and rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) lines of the multiple UV clumps of the most luminous Lyα emitter at z = 6.6, CR7 (COSMOS Redshift 7). Our re-reduced, flux-calibrated X-SHOOTER spectra of CR7 reveal an He II emission line in observations obtained along the major axis of Lyα emission with the best seeing conditions. He II is spatially offset by ≈+0.8 arcsec from the peak of Lyα emission, and it is found towards clump B. Our WFC3 grism spectra detects the UV continuum of CR7’s clump A, yielding a power law with β=−2.5+0.6−0.7 and MUV=−21.87+0.25−0.20⁠. No significant variability is found for any of the UV clumps on their own, but there is tentative (≈2.2 σ) brightening of CR7 in F110W as a whole from 2012 to 2017. HST grism data fail to robustly detect rest-frame UV lines in any of the clumps, implying fluxes ≲2×10−17 erg s−1 cm−2 (3σ). We perform CLOUDY modelling to constrain the metallicity and the ionizing nature of CR7. CR7 seems to be actively forming stars without any clear active galactic nucleus activity in clump A, consistent with a metallicity of ∼0.05–0.2 Z⊙. Component C or an interclump component between B and C may host a high ionization source. Our results highlight the need for spatially resolved information to study the formation and assembly of early galaxies.}, author = {Sobral, David and Matthee, Jorryt J and Brammer, Gabriel and Ferrara, Andrea and Alegre, Lara and Röttgering, Huub and Schaerer, Daniel and Mobasher, Bahram and Darvish, Behnam}, issn = {1365-2966}, journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: ISM, cosmology: observations, dark ages, reionization, first stars, early Universe}, number = {2}, pages = {2422--2441}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{On the nature and physical conditions of the luminous Ly α emitter CR7 and its rest-frame UV components}}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/sty2779}, volume = {482}, year = {2019}, } @article{11540, abstract = {Observations have revealed that the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass (Mstar) of star-forming galaxies follow a tight relation known as the galaxy main sequence. However, what physical information is encoded in this relation is under debate. Here, we use the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulation to study the mass dependence, evolution, and origin of scatter in the SFR–Mstar relation. At z = 0, we find that the scatter decreases slightly with stellar mass from 0.35 dex at Mstar ≈ 109 M⊙ to 0.30 dex at Mstar ≳ 1010.5 M⊙. The scatter decreases from z = 0 to z = 5 by 0.05 dex at Mstar ≳ 1010 M⊙ and by 0.15 dex for lower masses. We show that the scatter at z = 0.1 originates from a combination of fluctuations on short time-scales (ranging from 0.2–2 Gyr) that are presumably associated with self-regulation from cooling, star formation, and outflows, but is dominated by long time-scale (∼10 Gyr) variations related to differences in halo formation times. Shorter time-scale fluctuations are relatively more important for lower mass galaxies. At high masses, differences in black hole formation efficiency cause additional scatter, but also diminish the scatter caused by different halo formation times. While individual galaxies cross the main sequence multiple times during their evolution, they fluctuate around tracks associated with their halo properties, i.e. galaxies above/below the main sequence at z = 0.1 tend to have been above/below the main sequence for ≫1 Gyr.}, author = {Matthee, Jorryt J and Schaye, Joop}, issn = {1365-2966}, journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics : galaxies: evolution, galaxies: formation, galaxies: star formation, cosmology: theory}, number = {1}, pages = {915--932}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{The origin of scatter in the star formation rate–stellar mass relation}}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stz030}, volume = {484}, year = {2019}, } @article{11616, abstract = {We present the discovery of HD 221416 b, the first transiting planet identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) for which asteroseismology of the host star is possible. HD 221416 b (HIP 116158, TOI-197) is a bright (V = 8.2 mag), spectroscopically classified subgiant that oscillates with an average frequency of about 430 μHz and displays a clear signature of mixed modes. The oscillation amplitude confirms that the redder TESS bandpass compared to Kepler has a small effect on the oscillations, supporting the expected yield of thousands of solar-like oscillators with TESS 2 minute cadence observations. Asteroseismic modeling yields a robust determination of the host star radius (R⋆ = 2.943 ± 0.064 R⊙), mass (M⋆ = 1.212 ± 0.074 M⊙), and age (4.9 ± 1.1 Gyr), and demonstrates that it has just started ascending the red-giant branch. Combining asteroseismology with transit modeling and radial-velocity observations, we show that the planet is a "hot Saturn" (Rp = 9.17 ± 0.33 R⊕) with an orbital period of ∼14.3 days, irradiance of F = 343 ± 24 F⊕, and moderate mass (Mp = 60.5 ± 5.7 M⊕) and density (ρp = 0.431 ± 0.062 g cm−3). The properties of HD 221416 b show that the host-star metallicity–planet mass correlation found in sub-Saturns (4–8 R⊕) does not extend to larger radii, indicating that planets in the transition between sub-Saturns and Jupiters follow a relatively narrow range of densities. With a density measured to ∼15%, HD 221416 b is one of the best characterized Saturn-size planets to date, augmenting the small number of known transiting planets around evolved stars and demonstrating the power of TESS to characterize exoplanets and their host stars using asteroseismology.}, author = {Huber, Daniel and Chaplin, William J. and Chontos, Ashley and Kjeldsen, Hans and Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen and Bedding, Timothy R. and Ball, Warrick and Brahm, Rafael and Espinoza, Nestor and Henning, Thomas and Jordán, Andrés and Sarkis, Paula and Knudstrup, Emil and Albrecht, Simon and Grundahl, Frank and Andersen, Mads Fredslund and Pallé, Pere L. and Crossfield, Ian and Fulton, Benjamin and Howard, Andrew W. and Isaacson, Howard T. and Weiss, Lauren M. and Handberg, Rasmus and Lund, Mikkel N. and Serenelli, Aldo M. and Rørsted Mosumgaard, Jakob and Stokholm, Amalie and Bieryla, Allyson and Buchhave, Lars A. and Latham, David W. and Quinn, Samuel N. and Gaidos, Eric and Hirano, Teruyuki and Ricker, George R. and Vanderspek, Roland K. and Seager, Sara and Jenkins, Jon M. and Winn, Joshua N. and Antia, H. M. and Appourchaux, Thierry and Basu, Sarbani and Bell, Keaton J. and Benomar, Othman and Bonanno, Alfio and Buzasi, Derek L. and Campante, Tiago L. and Çelik Orhan, Z. and Corsaro, Enrico and Cunha, Margarida S. and Davies, Guy R. and Deheuvels, Sebastien and Grunblatt, Samuel K. and Hasanzadeh, Amir and Di Mauro, Maria Pia and A. García, Rafael and Gaulme, Patrick and Girardi, Léo and Guzik, Joyce A. and Hon, Marc and Jiang, Chen and Kallinger, Thomas and Kawaler, Steven D. and Kuszlewicz, James S. and Lebreton, Yveline and Li, Tanda and Lucas, Miles and Lundkvist, Mia S. and Mann, Andrew W. and Mathis, Stéphane and Mathur, Savita and Mazumdar, Anwesh and Metcalfe, Travis S. and Miglio, Andrea and F. G. Monteiro, Mário J. P. and Mosser, Benoit and Noll, Anthony and Nsamba, Benard and Joel Ong, Jia Mian and Örtel, S. and Pereira, Filipe and Ranadive, Pritesh and Régulo, Clara and Rodrigues, Thaíse S. and Roxburgh, Ian W. and Aguirre, Victor Silva and Smalley, Barry and Schofield, Mathew and Sousa, Sérgio G. and Stassun, Keivan G. and Stello, Dennis and Tayar, Jamie and White, Timothy R. and Verma, Kuldeep and Vrard, Mathieu and Yıldız, M. and Baker, David and Bazot, Michaël and Beichmann, Charles and Bergmann, Christoph and Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle and Cale, Bryson and Carlino, Roberto and Cartwright, Scott M. and Christiansen, Jessie L. and Ciardi, David R. and Creevey, Orlagh and Dittmann, Jason A. and Nascimento, Jose-Dias Do and Eylen, Vincent Van and Fürész, Gabor and Gagné, Jonathan and Gao, Peter and Gazeas, Kosmas and Giddens, Frank and Hall, Oliver J. and Hekker, Saskia and Ireland, Michael J. and Latouf, Natasha and LeBrun, Danny and Levine, Alan M. and Matzko, William and Natinsky, Eva and Page, Emma and Plavchan, Peter and Mansouri-Samani, Masoud and McCauliff, Sean and Mullally, Susan E. and Orenstein, Brendan and Soto, Aylin Garcia and Paegert, Martin and van Saders, Jennifer L. and Schnaible, Chloe and Soderblom, David R. and Szabó, Róbert and Tanner, Angelle and Tinney, C. G. and Teske, Johanna and Thomas, Alexandra and Trampedach, Regner and Wright, Duncan and Yuan, Thomas T. and Zohrabi, Farzaneh}, issn = {0004-6256}, journal = {The Astronomical Journal}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics}, number = {6}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, title = {{A hot Saturn orbiting an oscillating late subgiant discovered by TESS}}, doi = {10.3847/1538-3881/ab1488}, volume = {157}, year = {2019}, }