@article{2655, abstract = {Input-dependent left-right asymmetry of NMDA receptor ε2 (NR2B) subunit allocation was discovered in hippocampal Schaffer collateral (Sch) and commissural fiber pyramidal cell synapses (Kawakami et al., 2003). To investigate whether this asymmetrical ε2 allocation is also related to the types of the postsynaptic cells, we compared postembedding immunogold labeling for ε2 in left and right Sch synapses on pyramidal cells and interneurons. To facilitate the detection of ε2 density difference, we used ε1 (NR2A) knock-out (KO) mice, which have a simplified NMDA receptor subunit composition. The labeling density for ε2 but not ζ1 (NR1) and subtype 2/3 glutamate receptor (GluR2/3) in Sch-CA1 pyramidal cell synapses was significantly different between the left and right hippocampus with opposite directions in strata oriens and radiatum; the left to right ratio of ε2 labeling density was 1:1.50 in stratum oriens and 1.44:1 in stratum radiatum. No significant difference, however, was detected in CA1 stratum radiatum between the left and right Sch-GluR4-positive (mostly parvalbumin-positive) and Sch-GluR4-negative interneuron synapses. Consistent with the anatomical asymmetry, the amplitude ratio of NMDA EPSCs to non-NMDA EPSCs in pyramidal cells was approximately two times larger in right than left stratum radiatum and vice versa in stratum oriens of ε1 KO mice. Moreover, the amplitude of long-term potentiation in the Sch-CA1 synapses of left stratum radiatum was significantly larger than that in the right corresponding synapses. These results indicate that the asymmetry of ε2 distribution is target cell specific, resulting in the left-right difference in NMDA receptor content and plasticity in Sch-CA1 pyramidal cell synapses in ε1 KO mice.}, author = {Wu, Yue and Kawakami, Ryosuke and Shinohara, Yoshiaki and Fukaya, Masahiro and Sakimura, Kenji and Mishina, Masayoshi and Watanabe, Masahiko and Ito, Isao and Ryuichi Shigemoto}, journal = {Journal of Neuroscience}, number = {40}, pages = {9213 -- 9226}, publisher = {Society for Neuroscience}, title = {{Target-cell-specific left-right asymmetry of NMDA receptor content in Schaffer collateral synapses in ε1/NR2A knock-out mice}}, doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2134-05.2005}, volume = {25}, year = {2005}, } @article{2653, abstract = {Synaptic vesicle release occurs at a specialized membrane domain known as the presynaptic active zone (AZ). Several membrane proteins are involved in the vesicle release processes such as docking, priming, and exocytotic fusion. Cytomatrix at the active zone (CAZ) proteins are structural components of the AZ and are highly concentrated in it. Localization of other release-related proteins including target soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptor (t-SNARE) proteins, however, has not been well demonstrated in the AZ. Here, we used sodium dodecyl sulfate-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling (SDS-FRL) to analyze quantitatively the distribution of CAZ and t-SNARE proteins in the hippocampal CA3 area. The AZ in replicated membrane was identified by immunolabeling for CAZ proteins (CAZ-associated structural protein [CAST] and Bassoon). Clusters of immunogold particles for these proteins were found on the P-face of presynaptic terminals of the mossy fiber and associational/commissural (AJC) fiber. Co-labeling with CAST revealed distribution of the t-SNARE proteins syntaxin and synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) in the AZ as well as in the extrasynaptic membrane surrounding the AZ (SZ). Quantitative analysis demonstrated that the density of immunoparticles for CAST in the AZ was more than 100 times higher than in the SZ, whereas that for syntaxin and SNAP-25 was not significantly different between the AZ and SZ in both the A/C and mossy fiber terminals. These results support the involvement of the t-SNARE proteins in exocytotic fusion in the AZ and the role of CAST in specialization of the membrane domain for the AZ.}, author = {Hagiwara, Akari and Fukazawa, Yugo and Deguchi-Tawarada, Maki and Ohtsuka, Toshihisa and Ryuichi Shigemoto}, journal = {Journal of Comparative Neurology}, number = {2}, pages = {195 -- 216}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {{Differential distribution of release-related proteins in the hippocampal CA3 area as revealed by freeze-fracture replica labeling}}, doi = {10.1002/cne.20633}, volume = {489}, year = {2005}, } @article{2656, abstract = {Previous studies have shown that neurons in the sacral dorsal commissural nucleus (SDCN) express neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) and can be modulated by the co-release of GABA and glycine (Gly) from single presynaptic terminal. These results raise the possibility that GABA/Gly-cocontaining terminals might make synaptic contacts with NK1R-expressing neurons in the SDCN. In order to provide morphological evidence for this hypothesis, the triple-immunohistochemical studies were performed in the SDCN. Triple-immunofluorescence histochemical study showed that some axon terminals in close association with NK1R-immunopositive (NK1R-ip) neurons in the SDCN were immunopositive for both glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2). In electron microscopic dual- and triple-immunohistochemistry for GAD/GlyT2, GAD/NK1R, GlyT2/NK1R, or GAD/GlyT2/NK1R also revealed dually labeled (GAD/GlyT2-ip) synaptic terminals upon SDCN neurons, as well as GAD- and/or GlyT2-ip axon terminals in synaptic contact with NK1R-ip SDCN neurons. These results suggested that some synaptic terminals upon NK1R-expressing SDCN neurons co-released both GABA and Gly.}, author = {Feng, Yu-Peng and Li, Yun-Qing and Wang, Wen and Wu, Sheng-Xi and Chen, Tao and Ryuichi Shigemoto and Mizuno, Noboru}, journal = {Neuroscience Letters}, number = {3}, pages = {144 -- 148}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Morphological evidence for GABA/glycine-cocontaining terminals in synaptic contact with neurokinin-1 receptor-expressing neurons in the sacral dorsal commissural nucleus of the rat}}, doi = {10.1016/j.neulet.2005.06.068}, volume = {388}, year = {2005}, } @article{2744, abstract = {We study the long time evolution of a quantum particle interacting with a random potential in the Boltzmann-Grad low density limit. We prove that the phase space density of the quantum evolution defined through the Husimi function converges weakly to a linear Boltzmann equation. The Boltzmann collision kernel is given by the full quantum scattering cross-section of the obstacle potential.}, author = {Eng, David and László Erdös}, journal = {Reviews in Mathematical Physics}, number = {6}, pages = {669 -- 743}, publisher = {World Scientific Publishing}, title = {{The linear Boltzmann equation as the low density limit of a random Schrödinger equation}}, doi = {10.1142/S0129055X0500242X}, volume = {17}, year = {2005}, } @article{2743, abstract = {We consider the supersymmetric quantum mechanical system which is obtained by dimensionally reducing d = 6, N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theory with gauge group U(1) and a single charged hypermultiplet. Using the deformation method and ideas introduced by Porrati and Rozenberg [1], we present a detailed proof of the existence of a normalizable ground state for this system.}, author = {László Erdös and Hasler, David G and Solovej, Jan P}, journal = {Annales Henri Poincare}, number = {2}, pages = {247 -- 267}, publisher = {Birkhäuser}, title = {{Existence of the D0-D4 bound state: A detailed proof}}, doi = {10.1007/s00023-005-0205-0}, volume = {6}, year = {2005}, } @article{2788, abstract = {We present the results of an experimental investigation into the nature and structure of turbulent pipe flow at moderate Reynolds numbers. A turbulence regeneration mechanism is identified which sustains a symmetric traveling wave within the flow. The periodicity of the mechanism allows comparison to the wavelength of numerically observed exact traveling wave solutions and close agreement is found. The advection speed of the upstream turbulence laminar interface in the experimental flow is observed to form a lower bound on the phase velocities of the exact traveling wave solutions. Overall our observations suggest that the dynamics of the turbulent flow at moderate Reynolds numbers are governed by unstable nonlinear traveling waves.}, author = {Björn Hof and van Doorne, Casimir W and Westerweel, Jerry and Nieuwstadt, Frans T}, journal = {Physical Review Letters}, number = {21}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Turbulence regeneration in pipe flow at moderate reynolds numbers}}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.214502}, volume = {95}, year = {2005}, } @article{2790, abstract = {We present the results of an experimental investigation of the effect of a magnetic field on the stability of convection in a liquid metal. A rectangular container of gallium is subjected to a horizontal temperature gradient and a uniform magnetic field is applied separately in three directions. The magnetic field suppresses the oscillation most effectively when it is applied in the vertical direction and is least efficient when applied in the direction of the temperature gradient. The critical temperature difference required for the onset of oscillations is found to scale exponentially with the magnitude of the magnetic field for all three orientations. Comparisons are made with available theory and qualitative differences are discussed.}, author = {Björn Hof and Juel, Anne and Mullin, Tom P}, journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics}, pages = {193 -- 201}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {{Magnetohydrodynamic damping of oscillations in low-Prandtl-number convection}}, doi = {10.1017/S0022112005006762}, volume = {545}, year = {2005}, } @article{2789, abstract = {Transitional pipe flow is investigated in two different experimental set-ups. In the first the stability threshold and the initial growth of localized perturbations are studied. Good agreement is found with an earlier investigation of the transition threshold. The measurement technique applied in the last part of this study allows the reconstruction of the streamwise vorticity in a turbulent puff.}, author = {Björn Hof}, journal = {Fluid Mechanics and its Applications}, pages = {221 -- 231}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Transition to turbulence in pipe flow}}, doi = {10.1007/1-4020-4049-0_12}, volume = {77}, year = {2005}, } @article{2867, abstract = {The plant hormone auxin elicits many specific context-dependent developmental responses. Auxin promotes degradation of Aux/IAA proteins that prevent transcription factors of the auxin response factor (ARF) family from regulating auxin-responsive target genes. Aux/IAAs and ARFs are represented by large gene families in Arabidopsis. Here we show that stabilization of BDL/IAA12 or its sister protein IAA13 prevents MP/ARF5-dependent embryonic root formation whereas stabilized SHY2/IAA3 interferes with seedling growth. Although both bdl and shy2-2 proteins inhibited MP/ARF5-dependent reporter gene activation, shy2-2 was much less efficient than bdl to interfere with embryonic root initiation when expressed from the BDL promoter. Similarly, MP was much more efficient than ARF16 in this process. When expressed from the SHY2 promoter, both shy2-2 and bdl inhibited cell elongation and auxin-induced gene expression in the seedling hypocotyl. By contrast, gravitropism and auxin-induced gene expression in the root, which were promoted by functionally redundant NPH4/ARF7 and ARF19 proteins, were inhibited by shy2-2, but not by bdl protein. Our results suggest that auxin signals are converted into specific responses by matching pairs of coexpressed ARF and Aux/IAA proteins.}, author = {Weijers, Dolf and Eva Benková and Jäger, Katja E and Schlereth, Alexandra and Hamann, Thorsten and Kientz, Marika and Wilmoth, Jill C and Reed, Jason W and Jürgens, Gerd}, journal = {EMBO Journal}, number = {10}, pages = {1874 -- 1885}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {{Developmental specificity of auxin response by pairs of ARF and Aux/IAA transcriptional regulators}}, doi = {10.1038/sj.emboj.7600659}, volume = {24}, year = {2005}, } @article{2895, abstract = {One of the fundamental properties of the immune system is its capacity to avoid autoimmune diseases. The mechanism underlying this process, known as self-tolerance, is hitherto unresolved but seems to involve the control of clonal expansion of autoreactive lymphocytes. This article reviews mathematical modeling of self-tolerance, addressing two specific hypotheses. The first hypothesis posits that self-tolerance is mediated by tuning of activation thresholds, which makes autoreactive T lymphocytes reversibly "anergic" and unable to proliferate. The second hypothesis posits that the proliferation of autoreactive T lymphocytes is instead controlled by specific regulatory T lymphocytes. Models representing the population dynamics of autoreactive T lymphocytes according to these two hypotheses were derived. For each model we identified how cell density affects tolerance, and predicted the corresponding phase spaces and bifurcations. We show that the simple induction of proliferative anergy, as modeled here, has a density dependence that is only partially compatible with adoptive transfers of tolerance, and that the models of tolerance mediated by specific regulatory T cells are closer to the observations.}, author = {Carneiro, Jorge and Tiago Paixao and Milutinovic, Dejan and Sousa, João and Leon, Kalet and Gardner, Rui and Faro, Jose}, journal = {Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics}, number = {1}, pages = {77 -- 100}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Immunological self tolerance: Lessons from mathematical modeling}}, doi = {10.1016/j.cam.2004.10.025}, volume = {184}, year = {2005}, } @article{3004, abstract = {Molecular mechanisms of pattern formation in the plant embryo are not well understood. Recent molecular and cellular studies, in conjunction with earlier microsurgical, physiological, and genetic work, are now starting to define the outlines of a model where gradients of the signaling molecule auxin play a central role in embryo patterning. It is relatively clear how these gradients are established and interpreted, but how they are maintained is still unresolved. Here, we have studied the contributions of auxin biosynthesis, conjugation, and transport pathways to the maintenance of embryonic auxin gradients. Auxin homeostasis in the embryo was manipulated by region-specific conditional expression of indoleacetic acid-tryptophan monooxygenase or indoleacetic acid-lysine synthetase, bacterial enzymes for auxin biosynthesis or conjugation. Neither manipulation of auxin biosynthesis nor of auxin conjugation interfered with auxin gradients and patterning in the embryo. This result suggests a compensatory mechanism for buffering auxin gradients in the embryo. Chemical and genetic inhibition revealed that auxin transport activity, in particular that of the PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) and PIN4 proteins, is a major factor in the maintenance of these gradients.}, author = {Weijers, Dolf and Sauer, Michael and Meurette, Olivier and Jirí Friml and Ljung, Karin and Sandberg, Göran and Hooykaas, Paul and Offringa, Remko}, journal = {Plant Cell}, number = {9}, pages = {2517 -- 2526}, publisher = {American Society of Plant Biologists}, title = {{Maintenance of embryonic auxin distribution for apical basal patterning by PIN FORMED dependent auxin transport in Arabidopsis}}, doi = {10.1105/tpc.105.034637}, volume = {17}, year = {2005}, } @article{3000, abstract = {In plants, cell polarity is an issue more recurring than in other systems, because plants, due to their adaptive and flexible development, often change cell polarity postembryonically according to intrinsic cues and demands of the environment. Recent findings on the directional movement of the plant signalling molecule auxin provide a unique connection between individual cell polarity and the establishment of polarity at the tissue, organ, and whole-plant levels. Decisions about the subcellular polar targeting of PIN auxin transport components determine the direction of auxin flow between cells and consequently mediate multiple developmental events. In addition, mutations or chemical interference with PIN-based auxin transport result in abnormal cell divisions. Thus, the complicated links between cell polarity establishment, auxin transport, cytoskeleton, and oriented cell divisions now begin to emerge. Here we review the available literature on the issues of cell polarity in both plants and animals to extend our understanding on the generation, maintenance, and transmission of cell polarity in plants.}, author = {Dhonukshe, Pankaj and Kleine Vehn, Jürgen and Friml, Jirí}, journal = {Protoplasma}, number = {1-2}, pages = {67 -- 73}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Cell polarity, auxin transport and cytoskeleton mediated division planes: Who comes first?}}, doi = {10.1007/s00709-005-0104-8}, volume = {226}, year = {2005}, } @article{3001, abstract = {One of the mechanisms by which signalling molecules regulate cellular behaviour is modulating subcellular protein translocation. This mode of regulation is often based on specialized vesicle trafficking, termed constitutive cycling, which consists of repeated internalization and recycling of proteins to and from the plasma membrane. No such mechanism of hormone action has been shown in plants although several proteins, including the PIN auxin efflux facilitators, exhibit constitutive cycling. Here we show that a major regulator of plant development, auxin, inhibits endocytosis. This effect is specific to biologically active auxins and requires activity of the Calossin-like protein BIG. By inhibiting the internalization step of PIN constitutive cycling, auxin increases levels of PINs at the plasma membrane. Concomitantly, auxin promotes its own efflux from cells by a vesicle-trafficking-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, asymmetric auxin translocation during gravitropism is correlated with decreased PIN internalization. Our data imply a previously undescribed mode of plant hormone action: by modulating PIN protein trafficking, auxin regulates PIN abundance and activity at the cell surface, providing a mechanism for the feedback regulation of auxin transport.}, author = {Paciorek, Tomasz and Zažímalová, Eva and Ruthardt, Nadia and Petrášek, Jan and Stierhof, York-Dieter and Kleine-Vehn, Jürgen and Morris, David A and Emans, Neil and Jürgens, Gerd and Geldner, Niko and Jirí Friml}, journal = {Nature}, number = {7046}, pages = {1251 -- 1256}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, title = {{Auxin inhibits endocytosis and promotes its own efflux from cells}}, doi = {10.1038/nature03633}, volume = {435}, year = {2005}, } @article{3003, abstract = {Plant development displays an exceptional plasticity and adaptability that involves the dynamic, asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone auxin. Polar auxin flow, which requires polarly localized transport facilitators of the PIN family, largely contributes to the establishment and maintenance of the auxin gradients. Functionally overlapping action of PIN proteins mediates multiple developmental processes, including embryo formation, organ development and tropisms. Here we show that PIN proteins exhibit synergistic interactions, which involve cross-regulation of PIN gene expression in pin mutants or plants with inhibited auxin transport. Auxin itself positively feeds back on PIN gene expression in a tissue-specific manner through an AUX/IAA-dependent signalling pathway. This regulatory switch is indicative of a mechanism by which the loss of a specific PIN protein is compensated for by auxin-dependent ectopic: expression of its homologues. The compensatory properties of the PIN-dependent transport network might enable the stabilization of auxin gradients and potentially contribute to the robustness of plant adaptive development.}, author = {Vieten, Anne and Vanneste, Steffen and Wiśniewska, Justyna and Eva Benková and Benjamins, René and Beeckman, Tom and Luschnig, Christian and Jirí Friml}, journal = {Development}, number = {20}, pages = {4521 -- 4531}, publisher = {Company of Biologists}, title = {{Functional redundancy of PIN proteins is accompanied by auxin-dependent cross-regulation of PIN expression}}, doi = {10.1242/dev.02027}, volume = {132}, year = {2005}, } @inproceedings{3212, abstract = {The Full-Domain Hash (FDH) signature scheme [3] forms one the most basic usages of random oracles. It works with a family F of trapdoor permutations (TDP), where the signature of m is computed as f−1(h(m)) (here f ∈R F and h is modelled as a random oracle). It is known to be existentially unforgeable for any TDP family F [3], although a much tighter security reduction is known for a restrictive class of TDP’s [10,14] — namely, those induced by a family of claw-free permutations (CFP) pairs. The latter result was shown [11] to match the best possible “black-box” security reduction in the random oracle model, irrespective of the TDP family F (e.g., RSA) one might use. In this work we investigate the question if it is possible to instantiate the random oracle h with a “real” family of hash functions H such that the corresponding schemes can be proven secure in the standard model, under some natural assumption on the family F. Our main result rules out the existence of such instantiations for any assumption on F which (1) is satisfied by a family of random permutations; and (2) does not allow the attacker to invert f ∈R F on an a-priori unbounded number of points. Moreover, this holds even if the choice of H can arbitrarily depend on f. As an immediate corollary, we rule out instantiating FDH based on general claw-free permutations, which shows that in order to prove the security of FDH in the standard model one must utilize significantly more structure on F than what is sufficient for the best proof of security in the random oracle model.}, author = {Dodis, Yevgeniy and Oliveira, Roberto and Krzysztof Pietrzak}, pages = {449 -- 466}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{On the generic insecurity of the full domain hash}}, doi = {10.1007/11535218_27}, volume = {3621}, year = {2005}, } @inproceedings{3213, abstract = {We study the question whether the sequential or parallel composition of two functions, each indistinguishable from a random function by non-adaptive distinguishers is secure against adaptive distinguishers. The sequential composition of F and G is the function G(F()), the parallel composition is F G where ⋆ is some group operation. It has been shown that composition indeed gives adaptive security in the information theoretic setting, but unfortunately the proof does not translate into the more interesting computational case. In this work we show that in the computational setting composition does not imply adaptive security: If there is a prime order cyclic group where the decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption holds, then there are functions F and G which are indistinguishable by non-adaptive polynomially time-bounded adversaries, but whose parallel composition can be completely broken (i.e. we recover the key) with only three adaptive queries. We give a similar result for sequential composition. Interestingly, we need a standard assumption from the asymmetric (aka. public-key) world to prove a negative result for symmetric (aka. private-key) systems.}, author = {Krzysztof Pietrzak}, pages = {55 -- 65}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Composition does not imply adaptive security}}, doi = {10.1007/11535218_4}, volume = {3621}, year = {2005}, } @inproceedings{3211, abstract = {We present an improved bound on the advantage of any q-query adversary at distinguishing between the CBC MAC over a random n-bit permutation and a random function outputting n bits. The result assumes that no message queried is a prefix of any other, as is the case when all messages to be MACed have the same length. We go on to give an improved analysis of the encrypted CBC MAC, where there is no restriction on queried messages. Letting m be the block length of the longest query, our bounds are about mq2/2n for the basic CBC MAC and mo(1)q2/2n for the encrypted CBC MAC, improving prior bounds of m2q2/2n. The new bounds translate into improved guarantees on the probability of forging these MACs.}, author = {Bellare, Mihir and Krzysztof Pietrzak and Rogaway, Phillip}, pages = {527 -- 545}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Improved security analyses for CBC MACs}}, doi = {10.1007/11535218_32}, volume = {3621}, year = {2005}, } @article{3426, abstract = {We discuss the formation of graded morphogen profiles in a cell layer by nonlinear transport phenomena, important for patterning developing organisms. We focus on a process termed transcytosis, where morphogen transport results from the binding of ligands to receptors on the cell surface, incorporation into the cell, and subsequent externalization. Starting from a microscopic model, we derive effective transport equations. We show that, in contrast to morphogen transport by extracellular diffusion, transcytosis leads to robust ligand profiles which are insensitive to the rate of ligand production.}, author = {Bollenbach, Mark Tobias and Kruse, Karsten and Pantazis, Periklis and González Gaitán, Marcos and Jülicher, Frank}, journal = {Physical Review Letters}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Robust formation of morphogen gradients}}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.018103}, volume = {94}, year = {2005}, } @article{3443, abstract = {In the hippocampal CA1 area, a relatively homogenous population of pyramidal cells is accompanied by a diversity of GABAergic interneurons. Previously, we found that parvalbumin-expressing basket, axo-axonic, bistratified, and oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells, innervating different domains of pyramidal cells, have distinct firing patterns during network oscillations in vivo. A second family of interneurons, expressing cholecystokinin but not parvalbumin, is known to target the same domains of pyramidal cells as do the parvalbumin cells. To test the temporal activity of these independent and parallel GABAergic inputs, we recorded the precise spike timing of identified cholecystokinin interneurons during hippocampal network oscillations in anesthetized rats and determined their molecular expression profiles and synaptic targets. The cells were cannabinoid receptor type 1 immunopositive. Contrary to the stereotyped firing of parvalbumin interneurons, cholecystokinin-expressing basket and dendrite-innervating cells discharge, on average, with 1.7 ± 2.0 Hz during high-frequency ripple oscillations in an episode-dependent manner. During theta oscillations, cholecystokinin- expressing interneurons fire with 8.8 ± 3.3 Hz at a characteristic time on the ascending phase of theta waves (155 ± 81°), when place cells start firing in freely moving animals. The firing patterns of some interneurons recorded in drug-free behaving rats were similar to cholecystokinin cells in anesthetized animals. Our results demonstrate that cholecystokinin- and parvalbumin-expressing interneurons make different contributions to network oscillations and play distinct roles in different brain states. We suggest that the specific spike timing of cholecystokinin interneurons and their sensitivity to endocannabinoids might contribute to differentiate subgroups of pyramidal cells forming neuronal assemblies, whereas parvalbumin interneurons contribute to synchronizing the entire network. Copyright © 2005 Society for Neuroscience.}, author = {Klausberger,Thomas and Marton,Laszlo F and Joseph O'Neill and Huck, Jojanneke H and Dalezios, Yannis and Fuentealba,Pablo and Suen, Wai Yee and Papp, Edit Cs and Kaneko, Takeshi and Watanabe, Masahiko and Jozsef Csicsvari and Somogyi, Péter}, journal = {Journal of Neuroscience}, number = {42}, pages = {9782 -- 9793}, publisher = {Society for Neuroscience}, title = {{Complementary roles of cholecystokinin- and parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic neurons in hippocampal network oscillations}}, doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3269-05.2005}, volume = {25}, year = {2005}, } @inproceedings{3557, abstract = {A challenging problem in computer-aided geometric design is the decomposition of a surface into four-sided regions that are then represented by NURBS patches. There are various approaches published in the literature and implemented as commercially available software, but all fall short in either automation or quality of the result. At Raindrop Geomagic, we have recently taken a fresh approach based on concepts from Morse theory. This by itself is not a new idea, but we have some novel ingredients that make this work, one being a rational notion of hierarchy that guides the construction of a simplified decomposition sensitive to only the major critical points.}, author = {Herbert Edelsbrunner}, pages = {9 -- 11}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {{Surface tiling with differential topology}}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2312/SGP/SGP05/009-011}, year = {2005}, }