--- _id: '3756' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'In many eukaryotic cells going through M-phase, a bipolar spindle is formed by microtubules nucleated from centrosomes. These microtubules, in addition to being `''captured” by kinetochores, may be stabilized by chromatin in two different ways: short-range stabilization effects may affect microtubules in close contact with the chromatin, while long-range stabilization effects may `''guide” microtubule growth towards the chromatin (e.g., by introducing a diffusive gradient of an enzymatic activity that affects microtubule assembly). Here, we use both meiotic and mitotic extracts from Xenopus laevis eggs to study microtubule aster formation and microtubule dynamics in the presence of chromatin. In `''low-speed” meiotic extracts, in the presence of salmon sperm chromatin, we find that short-range stabilization effects lead to a strong anisotropy of the microtubule asters. Analysis of the dynamic parameters of microtubule growth shows that this anisotropy arises from a decrease in the catastrophe frequency, an increase in the rescue frequency and a decrease in the growth velocity. In this system we also find evidence for long-range `''guidance” effects, which lead to a weak anisotropy of the asters. Statistically relevant results on these long-range effects are obtained in `''high-speed” mitotic extracts in the presence of artificially constructed chromatin stripes. We find that aster anisotropy is biased in the direction of the chromatin and that the catastrophe frequency is reduced in its vicinity. In this system we also find a surprising dependence of the catastrophe and the rescue frequencies on the length of microtubules nucleated from centrosomes: the catastrophe frequency increases and the rescue frequency decreases with microtubule length.' acknowledgement: "We would like to thank T. Holy and T. Mitchison for providing us with centrosomes; M. Glotzer and T. Mitchison for giving us the plasmid for A90 cyclin B; J. Stock and members of his laboratory for help with biochemical preparations; R. Zimmerman for help with the biotinylation of DNA; J. Shepard for help with the patterning of surfaces; D. Tsui for use\r\nof his clean room facility, and D. Fygenson, T. Holy, E. Karsenti, E. Kennedy, A. Levine, T. Mitchison, and G. Waters for valuable discussions, constant encouragement and technical help. This work was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. GM-50712) and the Human Frontier Science Program." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Marileen full_name: Dogterom, Marileen last_name: Dogterom - first_name: M. full_name: Felix, M. last_name: Felix - first_name: Calin C full_name: Guet, Calin C id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Guet orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052 - first_name: Stanislas full_name: Leibler, Stanislas last_name: Leibler citation: ama: 'Dogterom M, Felix M, Guet CC, Leibler S. Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters. Journal of Cell Biology. 1996;133(1):125-140. doi:doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 ' apa: 'Dogterom, M., Felix, M., Guet, C. C., & Leibler, S. (1996). Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters. Journal of Cell Biology. Rockefeller University Press. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 ' chicago: 'Dogterom, Marileen, M. Felix, Calin C Guet, and Stanislas Leibler. “Influence of M-Phase Chromatin on the Anisotropy of Microtubule Asters.” Journal of Cell Biology. Rockefeller University Press, 1996. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 .' ieee: M. Dogterom, M. Felix, C. C. Guet, and S. Leibler, “Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters,” Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 133, no. 1. Rockefeller University Press, pp. 125–140, 1996. ista: Dogterom M, Felix M, Guet CC, Leibler S. 1996. Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters. Journal of Cell Biology. 133(1), 125–140. mla: 'Dogterom, Marileen, et al. “Influence of M-Phase Chromatin on the Anisotropy of Microtubule Asters.” Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 133, no. 1, Rockefeller University Press, 1996, pp. 125–40, doi:doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 .' short: M. Dogterom, M. Felix, C.C. Guet, S. Leibler, Journal of Cell Biology 133 (1996) 125–140. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:05:00Z date_published: 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-09T14:20:13Z day: '01' doi: 'doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8601601' intvolume: ' 133' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2120784/ month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 125 - 140 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Cell Biology publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-9525 publication_status: published publisher: Rockefeller University Press publist_id: '2473' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 133 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4027' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Questions about lines in space arise frequently as subproblems in three-dimensional computational geometry. In this paper we study a number of fundamental combinatorial and algorithmic problems involving arrangements of n lines in three-dimensional space. Our main results include: 1. A tight Θ(n2) bound on the maximum combinatorial description complexity of the set of all oriented lines that have specified orientations relative to the n given lines. 2. A similar bound of Θ(n3) for the complexity of the set of all lines passing above the n given lines. 3. A preprocessing procedure using O(n2+ε) time and storage, for any ε > 0, that builds a structure supporting O(logn)-time queries for testing if a line lies above all the given lines. 4. An algorithm that tests the "towering property" in O(n4/3+ε) time, for any ε > 0: do n given red lines lie all above n given blue lines? The tools used to obtain these and other results include Plücker coordinates for lines in space and ε-nets for various geometric range spaces.' acknowledgement: Work on this paper by Bernard Chazelle has been supported by NSF Grant CCR-87-00917. Work on this paper by Herbert Edelsbrunner has been supported by NSF Grant CCR-87-14565. Work on this paper by Leonidas Guibas has been supported by grants from the Mitsubishi and Toshiba Corporations. Work on this paper by Micha Sharir has been supported by ONR Grant N00014-87-K-0129, by NSF Grants DCR-83-20085 and CCR-89-01484, and by grants from the U.S.-Israeli Binational Science Foundation, the NCRD — the Israeli National Council for Research and Development, and the EMET Fund of the Israeli Academy of Sciences. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Bernard full_name: Chazelle, Bernard last_name: Chazelle - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Leonidas full_name: Guibas, Leonidas last_name: Guibas - first_name: Micha full_name: Sharir, Micha last_name: Sharir - first_name: Jorge full_name: Stolfi, Jorge last_name: Stolfi citation: ama: 'Chazelle B, Edelsbrunner H, Guibas L, Sharir M, Stolfi J. Lines in space: Combinatorics and algorithms. Algorithmica. 1996;15(5):428-447. doi:10.1007/BF01955043' apa: 'Chazelle, B., Edelsbrunner, H., Guibas, L., Sharir, M., & Stolfi, J. (1996). Lines in space: Combinatorics and algorithms. Algorithmica. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01955043' chicago: 'Chazelle, Bernard, Herbert Edelsbrunner, Leonidas Guibas, Micha Sharir, and Jorge Stolfi. “Lines in Space: Combinatorics and Algorithms.” Algorithmica. Springer, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01955043.' ieee: 'B. Chazelle, H. Edelsbrunner, L. Guibas, M. Sharir, and J. Stolfi, “Lines in space: Combinatorics and algorithms,” Algorithmica, vol. 15, no. 5. Springer, pp. 428–447, 1996.' ista: 'Chazelle B, Edelsbrunner H, Guibas L, Sharir M, Stolfi J. 1996. Lines in space: Combinatorics and algorithms. Algorithmica. 15(5), 428–447.' mla: 'Chazelle, Bernard, et al. “Lines in Space: Combinatorics and Algorithms.” Algorithmica, vol. 15, no. 5, Springer, 1996, pp. 428–47, doi:10.1007/BF01955043.' short: B. Chazelle, H. Edelsbrunner, L. Guibas, M. Sharir, J. Stolfi, Algorithmica 15 (1996) 428–447. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:31Z date_published: 1996-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-09T09:55:46Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/BF01955043 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 15' issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa_version: None page: 428 - 447 publication: Algorithmica publication_identifier: issn: - 0178-4617 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '2100' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Lines in space: Combinatorics and algorithms' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 15 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4026' abstract: - lang: eng text: A set of n weighted points in general position in R(d) defines a unique regular triangulation. This paper proves that if the points are added one by one, then flipping in a topological order will succeed in constructing this triangulation. If, in addition, the points are added in a random sequence and the history of the flips is used for locating the next point, then the algorithm takes expected time at most O(n log n + n(inverted left perpendicular d/2 inverted right perpendicular)). Under the assumption that the points and weights are independently and identically distributed, the expected running time is between proportional to and a factor log n more than the expected size of the regular triangulation. The expectation is over choosing the points and over independent coin-flips performed by the algorithm. acknowledgement: National Science Foundation under Grant CCR-8921421, Alan T. Waterman award, Grant CCR-9118874. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Nimish full_name: Shah, Nimish last_name: Shah citation: ama: Edelsbrunner H, Shah N. Incremental topological flipping works for regular triangulations. Algorithmica. 1996;15(3):223-241. doi:10.1007/BF01975867 apa: Edelsbrunner, H., & Shah, N. (1996). Incremental topological flipping works for regular triangulations. Algorithmica. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01975867 chicago: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Nimish Shah. “Incremental Topological Flipping Works for Regular Triangulations.” Algorithmica. Springer, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01975867. ieee: H. Edelsbrunner and N. Shah, “Incremental topological flipping works for regular triangulations,” Algorithmica, vol. 15, no. 3. Springer, pp. 223–241, 1996. ista: Edelsbrunner H, Shah N. 1996. Incremental topological flipping works for regular triangulations. Algorithmica. 15(3), 223–241. mla: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Nimish Shah. “Incremental Topological Flipping Works for Regular Triangulations.” Algorithmica, vol. 15, no. 3, Springer, 1996, pp. 223–41, doi:10.1007/BF01975867. short: H. Edelsbrunner, N. Shah, Algorithmica 15 (1996) 223–241. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:31Z date_published: 1996-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-09T09:46:07Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/BF01975867 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 15' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa_version: None page: 223 - 241 publication: Algorithmica publication_identifier: issn: - 0178-4617 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '2099' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Incremental topological flipping works for regular triangulations type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 15 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4030' acknowledgement: article M-Pos412 article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Jie full_name: Liang, Jie last_name: Liang - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Shankar full_name: Subramaniam, Shankar last_name: Subramaniam citation: ama: Liang J, Edelsbrunner H, Subramaniam S. Effects of Molecular Shape Representations on Boundary Element Method for Protein Electrostatics Computations. Vol 70. Cell Press; 1996:A224-A224. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79664-9 apa: Liang, J., Edelsbrunner, H., & Subramaniam, S. (1996). Effects of molecular shape representations on boundary element method for protein electrostatics computations. Fortieth Annual Meeting (Vol. 70, pp. A224–A224). Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79664-9 chicago: Liang, Jie, Herbert Edelsbrunner, and Shankar Subramaniam. Effects of Molecular Shape Representations on Boundary Element Method for Protein Electrostatics Computations. Fortieth Annual Meeting. Vol. 70. Cell Press, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79664-9. ieee: J. Liang, H. Edelsbrunner, and S. Subramaniam, Effects of molecular shape representations on boundary element method for protein electrostatics computations, vol. 70, no. 2, Part 2. Cell Press, 1996, pp. A224–A224. ista: Liang J, Edelsbrunner H, Subramaniam S. 1996. Effects of molecular shape representations on boundary element method for protein electrostatics computations, Cell Press,p. mla: Liang, Jie, et al. “Effects of Molecular Shape Representations on Boundary Element Method for Protein Electrostatics Computations.” Fortieth Annual Meeting, vol. 70, no. 2, Part 2, Cell Press, 1996, pp. A224–A224, doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79664-9. short: J. Liang, H. Edelsbrunner, S. Subramaniam, Effects of Molecular Shape Representations on Boundary Element Method for Protein Electrostatics Computations, Cell Press, 1996. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:32Z date_published: 1996-02-19T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-08T10:22:38Z day: '19' doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79664-9 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 70' issue: 2, Part 2 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006349596796649?via%3Dihub month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: None page: A224 - A224 publication: Fortieth Annual Meeting publication_status: published publisher: Cell Press publist_id: '2097' status: public title: Effects of molecular shape representations on boundary element method for protein electrostatics computations type: conference_poster user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 70 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4031' acknowledgement: article W-AM-L6 article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Jie full_name: Liang, Jie last_name: Liang - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Sudhakar full_name: Pamidghantam, Sudhakar last_name: Pamidghantam - first_name: Shankar full_name: Subramaniam, Shankar last_name: Subramaniam citation: ama: 'Liang J, Edelsbrunner H, Pamidghantam S, Subramaniam S. Analytical Method for Molecular Shapes: Area, Volume, Cavities, Interface and Pockets. Vol 70. Cell Press; 1996:A377-A377. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79670-4' apa: 'Liang, J., Edelsbrunner, H., Pamidghantam, S., & Subramaniam, S. (1996). Analytical method for molecular shapes: Area, volume, cavities, interface and pockets. Fortieth Annual Meeting (Vol. 70, pp. A377–A377). Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79670-4' chicago: 'Liang, Jie, Herbert Edelsbrunner, Sudhakar Pamidghantam, and Shankar Subramaniam. Analytical Method for Molecular Shapes: Area, Volume, Cavities, Interface and Pockets. Fortieth Annual Meeting. Vol. 70. Cell Press, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79670-4.' ieee: 'J. Liang, H. Edelsbrunner, S. Pamidghantam, and S. Subramaniam, Analytical method for molecular shapes: Area, volume, cavities, interface and pockets, vol. 70, no. 2, Part 2. Cell Press, 1996, pp. A377–A377.' ista: 'Liang J, Edelsbrunner H, Pamidghantam S, Subramaniam S. 1996. Analytical method for molecular shapes: Area, volume, cavities, interface and pockets, Cell Press,p.' mla: 'Liang, Jie, et al. “Analytical Method for Molecular Shapes: Area, Volume, Cavities, Interface and Pockets.” Fortieth Annual Meeting, vol. 70, no. 2, Part 2, Cell Press, 1996, pp. A377–A377, doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79670-4.' short: 'J. Liang, H. Edelsbrunner, S. Pamidghantam, S. Subramaniam, Analytical Method for Molecular Shapes: Area, Volume, Cavities, Interface and Pockets, Cell Press, 1996.' date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:32Z date_published: 1996-02-21T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-08T10:21:56Z day: '21' doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79670-4 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 70' issue: 2, Part 2 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006349596796704?via%3Dihub month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: None page: A377 - A377 publication: Fortieth Annual Meeting publication_status: published publisher: Cell Press publist_id: '2098' status: public title: 'Analytical method for molecular shapes: Area, volume, cavities, interface and pockets' type: conference_poster user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 70 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4142' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Mutations giving rise to anatomical defects in the inner ear have been isolated in a large scale screen for mutations causing visible abnormalities in the zebrafish embryo (Haffter, P., Granato, M., Brand, M. et al. (1996) Development 123, 1-36). 58 mutants have been classified as having a primary ear phenotype; these fall into several phenotypic classes, affecting presence or size of the otoliths, size and shape of the otic vesicle and formation of the semicircular canals, and define at least 20 complementation groups. Mutations in seven genes cause loss of one or both otoliths, but do not appear to affect development of other structures within the ear. Mutations in seven genes affect morphology and patterning of the inner ear epithelium, including formation of the semicircular canals and, in some, development of sensory patches (maculae and cristae). Within this class, dog-eared mutants show abnormal development of semicircular canals and lack cristae within the ear, while in van gogh, semicircular canals fail to form altogether, resulting in a tiny otic vesicle containing a single sensory patch. Both these mutants show defects in the expression of homeobox genes within the otic vesicle. In a further class of mutants, ear size is affected while patterning appears to be relatively normal; mutations in three genes cause expansion of the otic vesicle, while in little ears and microtic, the ear is abnormally small, but still contains all five sensory patches, as in the wild type. Many of the ear and otolith mutants show an expected behavioural phenotype: embryos fail to balance correctly, and may swim on their sides, upside down, or in circles. Several mutants with similar balance defects have also been isolated that have no obvious structural ear defect, but that may include mutants with vestibular dysfunction of the inner ear (Granato, M., van Eeden, F. J. M., Schach, U. et al. (1996) Development, 123, 399-413,). Mutations in 19 genes causing primary defects in other structures also show an ear defect. In particular, ear phenotypes are often found in conjunction with defects of neural crest derivatives (pigment cells and/or cartilaginous elements of the jaw). At least one mutant, dog-eared, shows defects in both the ear and another placodally derived sensory system, the lateral line, while hypersensitive mutants have additional trunk lateral line organs.' acknowledgement: T. T. W. thanks all members of the Tübingen fish and fly groups for their hospitality and generosity during her visits to the laboratory. We thank Julian Lewis, in whose laboratory much of this work was carried out, for many helpful discussions and suggestions, Catherine Haddon for advice on wild-type ear development and techniques, and Stephen Massey for fish husbandry in Oxford. We are grateful to Julian Lewis, Catherine Haddon, Nick Monk and Patrick Blader for comments on the manuscript, and to Trevor Jowett, Tom Schilling,Eric Weinberg and Monte Westerfield for providing cDNAs. We also thank Jarema Malicki and Wolfgang Driever for making some of the Boston otolith mutants available before publication. T. T. W. thanks the EMBO (ASTF 7668; ASTF 7918), the Imperial Cancer Research Fund and the Wellcome Trust (03643/Z/92) for support. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Tanya full_name: Whitfield, Tanya last_name: Whitfield - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Ursula full_name: Schach, Ursula last_name: Schach - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Whitfield T, Granato M, Van Eeden F, et al. Mutations affecting development of the zebrafish inner ear and lateral line. Development. 1996;123:241-254. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.241 apa: Whitfield, T., Granato, M., Van Eeden, F., Schach, U., Brand, M., Furutani Seiki, M., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Mutations affecting development of the zebrafish inner ear and lateral line. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.241 chicago: Whitfield, Tanya, Michael Granato, Fredericus Van Eeden, Ursula Schach, Michael Brand, Makoto Furutani Seiki, Pascal Haffter, et al. “Mutations Affecting Development of the Zebrafish Inner Ear and Lateral Line.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.241. ieee: T. Whitfield et al., “Mutations affecting development of the zebrafish inner ear and lateral line,” Development, vol. 123. Company of Biologists, pp. 241–254, 1996. ista: Whitfield T, Granato M, Van Eeden F, Schach U, Brand M, Furutani Seiki M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, Kane D, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Mutations affecting development of the zebrafish inner ear and lateral line. Development. 123, 241–254. mla: Whitfield, Tanya, et al. “Mutations Affecting Development of the Zebrafish Inner Ear and Lateral Line.” Development, vol. 123, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 241–54, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.241. short: T. Whitfield, M. Granato, F. Van Eeden, U. Schach, M. Brand, M. Furutani Seiki, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Jiang, D. Kane, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 241–254. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:11Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-08T08:45:59Z day: '01' doi: 10.1242/dev.123.1.241 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007244' intvolume: ' 123' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 241 - 254 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1979' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Mutations affecting development of the zebrafish inner ear and lateral line type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4154' abstract: - lang: eng text: As part of a large scale chemical mutagenesis screen of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) genome, we have identified 33 mutants with defects in hematopoiesis, Complementation analysis placed 32 of these mutants into 17 complementation groups, The allelism of the remaining 1 blood mutant is currently unresolved, We have categorized these blood mutants into four phenotypic classes based on analyses of whole embryos and isolated blood cells, as well as by in situ hybridization using the hematopoietic transcription factors GATA-1 and GATA-2, Embryos mutant for the gene moonshine have few if any proerythroblasts visible on the day circulation begins and normal erythroid cell differentiation is blocked as determined by staining for hemoglobin and GATA-1 expression, Mutations in five genes, chablis, frascati, merlot, retsina, thunderbird and two possibly unique mutations cause a progressive decrease in the number of blood cells during the first 5 days of development, Mutations in another seven genes, chardonnay, chianti, grenache, sauternes, weibherbst and zinfandel, and two additional mutations result in hypochromic blood cells which also decrease in number as development proceeds, Several of these mutants have immature cells in the circulation, indicating a block in normal erythroid development. The mutation in zinfandel is dominant, and 2-day old heterozygous carriers fail to express detectable levels of hemoglobin and have decreasing numbers of circulating cells during the first 5 days of development, Mutations in two genes, freixenet and yquem, result in the animals that are photosensitive with autofluorescent blood, similar to that found in the human congenital porphyrias, The collection of mutants presented here represent several steps required for normal erythropoiesis, The analysis of these mutants provides a powerful approach towards defining the molecular mechanisms involved in vertebrate hematopoietic development. acknowledgement: 'We thank Leonard Zon for his generous support of D. G. R. and A. B., for critical review of this manuscript and for many helpful discussions. We also thank Lauren Barone and Stephen Pratt for technical assistance. D. G. R. is a postdoctoral fellow of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: David full_name: Ransom, David last_name: Ransom - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Alison full_name: Brownlie, Alison last_name: Brownlie - first_name: Elisabeth full_name: Vogelsang, Elisabeth last_name: Vogelsang - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Ransom D, Haffter P, Odenthal J, et al. Characterization of zebrafish mutants with defects in embryonic hematopoiesis. Development. 1996;123(1):311-319. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.311 apa: Ransom, D., Haffter, P., Odenthal, J., Brownlie, A., Vogelsang, E., Kelsh, R., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Characterization of zebrafish mutants with defects in embryonic hematopoiesis. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.311 chicago: Ransom, David, Pascal Haffter, Jörg Odenthal, Alison Brownlie, Elisabeth Vogelsang, Robert Kelsh, Michael Brand, et al. “Characterization of Zebrafish Mutants with Defects in Embryonic Hematopoiesis.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.311. ieee: D. Ransom et al., “Characterization of zebrafish mutants with defects in embryonic hematopoiesis,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 311–319, 1996. ista: Ransom D, Haffter P, Odenthal J, Brownlie A, Vogelsang E, Kelsh R, Brand M, Van Eeden F, Furutani Seiki M, Granato M, Hammerschmidt M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, Kane D, Mullins M, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Characterization of zebrafish mutants with defects in embryonic hematopoiesis. Development. 123(1), 311–319. mla: Ransom, David, et al. “Characterization of Zebrafish Mutants with Defects in Embryonic Hematopoiesis.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 311–19, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.311. short: D. Ransom, P. Haffter, J. Odenthal, A. Brownlie, E. Vogelsang, R. Kelsh, M. Brand, F. Van Eeden, M. Furutani Seiki, M. Granato, M. Hammerschmidt, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Jiang, D. Kane, M. Mullins, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 311–319. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:16Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-08T08:23:35Z day: '01' doi: 10.1242/dev.123.1.311 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007251' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 311 - 319 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1966' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Characterization of zebrafish mutants with defects in embryonic hematopoiesis type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4156' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'In a large scale screen for mutants that affect the early development of the zebrafish, 109 mutants were found that cause defects in the formation of the jaw and the more posterior pharyngeal arches, Here we present the phenotypic description and results of the complementation analysis of mutants belonging to two major classes: (1) mutants with defects in the mandibular and hyoid arches and (2) mutants with defects in cartilage differentiation and growth in all arches, Mutations in four of the genes identified during the screen show specific defects in the first two arches and leave the more posterior pharyngeal arches largely unaffected (schmerle, sucker, hoover and sturgeon). In these mutants ventral components of the mandibular and hyoid arches are reduced (Meckel''s cartilage and ceratohyal cartilage) whereas dorsal structures (palato-quadrate and hyosymplectic cartilages) are of normal size or enlarged, Thus, mutations in single genes cause defects in the formation of first and second arch structures but also differentially affect development of the dorsal and ventral structures within one arch. In 27 mutants that define at least 8 genes, the differentiation of cartilage and growth is affected. In hammerhead mutants particularly the mesodermally derived cartilages are reduced, whereas jellyfish mutant larvae are characterized by a severe reduction of all cartilaginous elements, leaving only two pieces in the position of the ceratohyal cartilages. In all other mutant larvae all skeletal elements are present, but consist of smaller and disorganized chondrocytes. These mutants also exhibit shortened heads and reduced pectoral fins. In homozygous knorrig embryos, tumor-like outgrowths of chondrocytes occur along the edges of all cartilaginous elements. The mutants presented here may be valuable tools for elucidating the genetic mechanisms that underlie the development of the mandibular and the hyoid arches, as well as the process of cartilage differentiation.' acknowledgement: We would like to thank Siegfried Roth, Stefan Schulte-Merker and Tanya Whitfield for critically reading the manuscript. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Tatjana full_name: Piotrowski, Tatjana last_name: Piotrowski - first_name: Thomas full_name: Schilling, Thomas last_name: Schilling - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Dirk full_name: Beuchle, Dirk last_name: Beuchle - first_name: Heiner full_name: Grandel, Heiner last_name: Grandel - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: 'Piotrowski T, Schilling T, Brand M, et al. Jaw and branchial arch mutants in zebrafish II: Anterior arches and cartilage differentiation. Development. 1996;123(1):345-356. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.345' apa: 'Piotrowski, T., Schilling, T., Brand, M., Jiang, Y., Heisenberg, C.-P. J., Beuchle, D., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Jaw and branchial arch mutants in zebrafish II: Anterior arches and cartilage differentiation. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.345' chicago: 'Piotrowski, Tatjana, Thomas Schilling, Michael Brand, Yunjin Jiang, Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg, Dirk Beuchle, Heiner Grandel, et al. “Jaw and Branchial Arch Mutants in Zebrafish II: Anterior Arches and Cartilage Differentiation.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.345.' ieee: 'T. Piotrowski et al., “Jaw and branchial arch mutants in zebrafish II: Anterior arches and cartilage differentiation,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 345–356, 1996.' ista: 'Piotrowski T, Schilling T, Brand M, Jiang Y, Heisenberg C-PJ, Beuchle D, Grandel H, Van Eeden F, Furutani Seiki M, Granato M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Kane D, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Warga R, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Jaw and branchial arch mutants in zebrafish II: Anterior arches and cartilage differentiation. Development. 123(1), 345–356.' mla: 'Piotrowski, Tatjana, et al. “Jaw and Branchial Arch Mutants in Zebrafish II: Anterior Arches and Cartilage Differentiation.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 345–56, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.345.' short: T. Piotrowski, T. Schilling, M. Brand, Y. Jiang, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, D. Beuchle, H. Grandel, F. Van Eeden, M. Furutani Seiki, M. Granato, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, D. Kane, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, R. Warga, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 345–356. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:17Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-08T08:13:07Z day: '01' doi: 10.1242/dev.123.1.345 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007254 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 345 - 356 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1963' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Jaw and branchial arch mutants in zebrafish II: Anterior arches and cartilage differentiation' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4191' abstract: - lang: eng text: In a screen for embryonic mutants in the zebrafish a large number of mutants were isolated with abnormal brain morphology, We describe here 26 mutants in 13 complementation groups that show abnormal development of large regions of the brain, Early neurogenesis is affected in white tail (wit), During segmentation stages, homozygous wit embryos display an irregularly formed neural keel, particularly in the hindbrain, Using a variety of molecular markers, a severe increase in the number of various early differentiating neurons can be demonstrated, In contrast, late differentiating neurons, radial glial cells and some nonneural cell types, such as the neural crest-derived melanoblasts, are much reduced, Somitogenesis appears delayed, In addition, very reduced numbers of melanophores are present posterior to the mid-trunk, The wit phenotype is reminiscent of neurogenic mutants in Drosophila, such as Notch or Delta, In mutant parachute (pac) embryos the general organization of the hindbrain is disturbed and many rounded cells accumulate loosely in the hindbrain and midbrain ventricles, Mutants in a group of 6 genes, snakehead(snk), natter (nat), otter (ott) fullbrain (ful) viper (vip) and white snake (wis) develop collapsed brain ventricles, before showing signs of general degeneration, atlantis (atl), big head (bid), wicked brain (win), scabland (sbd) and eisspalte (ele) mutants have different malformation of the brain folds, Some of them have transient phenotypes, and mutant individuals may grow up to adults. acknowledgement: We would like to thank Vladimir Korzh, Stefan Krauss, Monte Westerfield, Tom Jessell, Mark Fishman, Eric Weinberg, Andreas Püschel, Trevor Jowett and Jóse Campos-Ortega for providing antibodies and cDNA clones. We thank Suresh Jesuthasan and Tanya Whitfield for many helpful suggestions on the manuscript. Y.-J. J. wants to thank Christian Müller and Ralf Rupp for their instructive discussion. Y.-J. J. is a predoctoral fellow supported by Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD). article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Dirk full_name: Beuchle, Dirk last_name: Beuchle - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Jiang Y, Brand M, Heisenberg C-PJ, et al. Mutations affecting neurogenesis and brain morphology in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 1996;123(1):205-216. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.205 apa: Jiang, Y., Brand, M., Heisenberg, C.-P. J., Beuchle, D., Furutani Seiki, M., Kelsh, R., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Mutations affecting neurogenesis and brain morphology in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.205 chicago: Jiang, Yunjin, Michael Brand, Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg, Dirk Beuchle, Makoto Furutani Seiki, Robert Kelsh, Rachel Warga, et al. “Mutations Affecting Neurogenesis and Brain Morphology in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.205. ieee: Y. Jiang et al., “Mutations affecting neurogenesis and brain morphology in the zebrafish, Danio rerio,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 205–216, 1996. ista: Jiang Y, Brand M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Beuchle D, Furutani Seiki M, Kelsh R, Warga R, Granato M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Kane D, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Van Eeden F, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Mutations affecting neurogenesis and brain morphology in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 123(1), 205–216. mla: Jiang, Yunjin, et al. “Mutations Affecting Neurogenesis and Brain Morphology in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 205–16, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.205. short: Y. Jiang, M. Brand, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, D. Beuchle, M. Furutani Seiki, R. Kelsh, R. Warga, M. Granato, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, D. Kane, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, F. Van Eeden, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 205–216. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:30Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-05T09:13:51Z day: '01' doi: 10.1242/dev.123.1.205 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007241' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 205 - 216 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1926' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Mutations affecting neurogenesis and brain morphology in the zebrafish, Danio rerio type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4186' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Neural crest development involves cell-fate specification, proliferation, patterned cell migration, survival and differentiation, Zebrafish neural crest derivatives include three distinct chromatophores, which are well-suited to genetic analysis of their development, As part of a large-scale mutagenesis screen for embryonic/early larval mutations, we have isolated 285 mutations affecting all aspects of zebrafish larval pigmentation, By complementation analysis, we define 94 genes, We show here that comparison of their phenotypes permits classification of these mutations according to the types of defects they cause, and these suggest which process of neural crest development is probably affected, Mutations in eight genes affect the number of chromatophores: these include strong candidates for genes necessary for the processes of pigment cell specification and proliferation, Mutations in five genes remove part of the wild-type pigment pattern, and suggest a role in larval pigment pattern formation, Mutations in five genes show ectopic chromatophores in distinct sites, and may have implications for chromatophore patterning and proliferation, 76 genes affect pigment or morphology of one or more chromatophore types: these mutations include strong candidates for genes important in various aspects of chromatophore differentiation and survival, In combination with the embryological advantages of zebrafish, these mutations should permit cellular and molecular dissection of many aspects of neural crest development.' acknowledgement: We wish to thank Drs Judith Eisen, Steve Johnson, Dave Raible and Jim Weston for valuable comments. R. N. K. was supported by a NATO Postdoctoral Fellowship. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Shuo full_name: Lin, Shuo last_name: Lin - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Dirk full_name: Beuchle, Dirk last_name: Beuchle - first_name: Lisa full_name: Vogelsang, Lisa last_name: Vogelsang - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Kelsh R, Brand M, Jiang Y, et al. Zebrafish pigmentation mutations and the processes of neural crest development. Development. 1996;123(1):369-389. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.369 apa: Kelsh, R., Brand, M., Jiang, Y., Heisenberg, C.-P. J., Lin, S., Haffter, P., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Zebrafish pigmentation mutations and the processes of neural crest development. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.369 chicago: Kelsh, Robert, Michael Brand, Yunjin Jiang, Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg, Shuo Lin, Pascal Haffter, Jörg Odenthal, et al. “Zebrafish Pigmentation Mutations and the Processes of Neural Crest Development.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.369. ieee: R. Kelsh et al., “Zebrafish pigmentation mutations and the processes of neural crest development,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 369–389, 1996. ista: Kelsh R, Brand M, Jiang Y, Heisenberg C-PJ, Lin S, Haffter P, Odenthal J, Mullins M, Van Eeden F, Furutani Seiki M, Granato M, Hammerschmidt M, Kane D, Warga R, Beuchle D, Vogelsang L, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Zebrafish pigmentation mutations and the processes of neural crest development. Development. 123(1), 369–389. mla: Kelsh, Robert, et al. “Zebrafish Pigmentation Mutations and the Processes of Neural Crest Development.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 369–89, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.369. short: R. Kelsh, M. Brand, Y. Jiang, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, S. Lin, P. Haffter, J. Odenthal, M. Mullins, F. Van Eeden, M. Furutani Seiki, M. Granato, M. Hammerschmidt, D. Kane, R. Warga, D. Beuchle, L. Vogelsang, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 369–389. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:28Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-05T11:16:49Z day: '01' doi: 10.1242/dev.123.1.369 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007256 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 369 - 389 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1933' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Zebrafish pigmentation mutations and the processes of neural crest development type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4189' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'This report describes mutants of the zebrafish having phenotypes causing a general arrest in early morphogenesis. These mutants identify a group of loci making up about 20% of the loci identified by mutants with visible morphological phenotypes within the first day of development. There are 12 Class I mutants, which fall into 5 complementation groups and have cells that lyse before morphological defects are observed. Mutants at three loci, speed bump, ogre and zombie, display abnormal nuclei. The 8 Class II mutants, which fall into 6 complementation groups, arrest development before cell lysis is observed. These mutants seemingly stop development in the late segmentation stages, and maintain a body shape similar to a 20 hour embryo. Mutations in speed bump, ogre, zombie, specter, poltergeist and troll were tested for cell lethality by transplanting mutant cells into wild-type hosts. With poltergeist, transplanted mutant cells all survive. The remainder of the mutants tested were autonomously but conditionally lethal: mutant cells, most of which lyse, sometimes survive to become notochord, muscles, or, in rare cases, large neurons, all cell types which become postmitotic in the gastrula. Some of the genes of the early arrest group may be necessary for progression though the cell cycle; if so, the survival of early differentiating cells may be based on having their terminal mitosis before the zygotic requirement for these genes.' acknowledgement: We thank Dr Adam Felsenfeld for his careful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript, D. A. K. also thanks the two anonymous referees who patiently pointed out a number of ‘speed bumps’ in the first submitted draft of this manuscript. This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Institutes of Health to D. A. K. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Hans full_name: Maischein, Hans last_name: Maischein - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Kane D, Maischein H, Brand M, et al. The zebrafish early arrest mutants. Development. 1996;123(1):57-66. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.57 apa: Kane, D., Maischein, H., Brand, M., Van Eeden, F., Furutani Seiki, M., Granato, M., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). The zebrafish early arrest mutants. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.57 chicago: Kane, Donald, Hans Maischein, Michael Brand, Fredericus Van Eeden, Makoto Furutani Seiki, Michael Granato, Pascal Haffter, et al. “The Zebrafish Early Arrest Mutants.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.57 . ieee: D. Kane et al., “The zebrafish early arrest mutants,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 57–66, 1996. ista: Kane D, Maischein H, Brand M, Van Eeden F, Furutani Seiki M, Granato M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Warga R, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. The zebrafish early arrest mutants. Development. 123(1), 57–66. mla: Kane, Donald, et al. “The Zebrafish Early Arrest Mutants.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 57–66, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.57 . short: D. Kane, H. Maischein, M. Brand, F. Van Eeden, M. Furutani Seiki, M. Granato, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Jiang, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, R. Warga, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 57–66. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:29Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-05T09:43:44Z day: '01' doi: '10.1242/dev.123.1.57 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007229 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 57 - 66 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1931' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The zebrafish early arrest mutants type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4188' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Epiboly, the enveloping of the yolk cell by the blastoderm, is the first zebrafish morphogenetic movement, We isolated four mutations that affect epiboly: half baked, avalanche, lawine and weg, Homozygous mutant embryos arrest the vegetal progress of the deep cells of the blastoderm; only the yolk syncytial layer of the yolk cell and the enveloping layer of the blastoderm reach the vegetal pole of the embryo, The mutations half baked, avalanche and lawine produce a novel dominant effect, termed a zygotic-maternal dominant effect: heterozygous embryos produced from heterozygous females slow down epiboly and accumulate detached cells over the neural tube; a small fraction of these mutant individuals are viable, Heterozygous embryos produced from heterozygous males crossed to homozygous wild-type females complete epiboly normally and are completely viable. Additionally, embryos heterozygous for half baked have an enlarged hatching gland, a partial dominant phenotype, The phenotypes of these mutants demonstrate that, for the spreading of cells during epiboly, the movement of the deep cells of the blastoderm require the function of genes that are not necessary for the movement of the enveloping layer or the yolk cell, Furthermore, the dominant zygotic-maternal effect phenotypes illustrate the maternal and zygotic interplay of genes that orchestrate the early cell movements of the zebrafish.' acknowledgement: We thank Drs John Postlethwait and Sigfreid Roth for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Institutes of Health to D. A. K. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Hans full_name: Maischein, Hans last_name: Maischein - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Kane D, Hammerschmidt M, Mullins M, et al. The zebrafish epiboly mutants. Development. 1996;123(1):47-55. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.47 apa: Kane, D., Hammerschmidt, M., Mullins, M., Maischein, H., Brand, M., Van Eeden, F., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). The zebrafish epiboly mutants. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.47 chicago: Kane, Donald, Matthias Hammerschmidt, Mary Mullins, Hans Maischein, Michael Brand, Fredericus Van Eeden, Makoto Furutani Seiki, et al. “The Zebrafish Epiboly Mutants.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.47 . ieee: D. Kane et al., “The zebrafish epiboly mutants,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 47–55, 1996. ista: Kane D, Hammerschmidt M, Mullins M, Maischein H, Brand M, Van Eeden F, Furutani Seiki M, Granato M, Haffter P, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, Kelsh R, Odenthal J, Warga R, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. The zebrafish epiboly mutants. Development. 123(1), 47–55. mla: Kane, Donald, et al. “The Zebrafish Epiboly Mutants.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 47–55, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.47 . short: D. Kane, M. Hammerschmidt, M. Mullins, H. Maischein, M. Brand, F. Van Eeden, M. Furutani Seiki, M. Granato, P. Haffter, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Jiang, R. Kelsh, J. Odenthal, R. Warga, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 47–55. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:29Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-05T09:22:40Z day: '01' doi: '10.1242/dev.123.1.47 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007228 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 47 - 55 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1930' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The zebrafish epiboly mutants type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4203' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'We identified four zebrafish mutants with defects in forebrain induction and patterning during embryogenesis. The four mutants define three genes: masterblind (mbl), silverblick (slb), and knollnase (kas), In mbl embryos, the anterior forebrain acquires posterior forebrain characteristics: anterior structures such as the eyes, olfactory placodes and the telencephalon are missing, whereas the epiphysis located in the posterior forebrain is expanded, In slb embryos, the extension of the embryonic axis is initially delayed and eventually followed by a partial fusion of the eyes, Finally, in kas embryos, separation of the telencephalic primordia is incomplete and dorsal midline cells fail to form a differentiated roof plate, Analysis of the mutant phenotypes indicates that we have identified genes essential for the specification of the anterior forebrain (mbl), positioning of the eyes (slb) and differentiation of the roof plate (kas). In an appendix to this study we list mutants showing alterations in the size of the eyes and abnormal differentiation of the lenses.' acknowledgement: We thank E. Weinberg for the kind gift of myoD, zotx-2 and zash1b cDNA, I. Mikkola and S. Krauss for providing pax2/6 antibodies and shh cDNA, and V. Korzh for providing the pan-islet antibody. We are grateful to S. Wilson for help with the initial characterization of the mbl phenotype and many valuable comments on the manuscript. We would also like to thank Robert Geisler, Suresh Jesuthasan, Rolf Karlstrom, Stefan Schulte-Merker and Siegfried Roth for critical reading of the manuscript. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Dirk full_name: Beuchle, Dirk last_name: Beuchle - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Heisenberg C-PJ, Brand M, Jiang Y, et al. Genes involved in forebrain development in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 1996;123:191-203. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.191 apa: Heisenberg, C.-P. J., Brand, M., Jiang, Y., Warga, R., Beuchle, D., Van Eeden, F., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Genes involved in forebrain development in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.191 chicago: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J, Michael Brand, Yunjin Jiang, Rachel Warga, Dirk Beuchle, Fredericus Van Eeden, Makoto Furutani Seiki, et al. “Genes Involved in Forebrain Development in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.191 . ieee: C.-P. J. Heisenberg et al., “Genes involved in forebrain development in the zebrafish, Danio rerio,” Development, vol. 123. Company of Biologists, pp. 191–203, 1996. ista: Heisenberg C-PJ, Brand M, Jiang Y, Warga R, Beuchle D, Van Eeden F, Furutani Seiki M, Granato M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Kane D, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Genes involved in forebrain development in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 123, 191–203. mla: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J., et al. “Genes Involved in Forebrain Development in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development, vol. 123, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 191–203, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.191 . short: C.-P.J. Heisenberg, M. Brand, Y. Jiang, R. Warga, D. Beuchle, F. Van Eeden, M. Furutani Seiki, M. Granato, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, D. Kane, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 191–203. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:34Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-05T08:06:15Z day: '01' doi: '10.1242/dev.123.1.191 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007240 ' intvolume: ' 123' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 191 - 203 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1913' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Genes involved in forebrain development in the zebrafish, Danio rerio type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4216' abstract: - lang: eng text: Tissues of the dorsal midline of vertebrate embryos, such as notochord and floor plate, have been implicated in inductive interactions that pattern the neural tube and somites. In our screen for embryonic visible mutations in the zebrafish we found 113 mutations in more than 27 genes with altered body shape, often with additional defects in CNS development. We concentrated on a subgroup of mutations in ten genes (the midline-group) that cause defective development of the floor plate. By using floor plate markers, such as the signaling molecule sonic hedgehog, we show that the schmalspur (sur) gene is needed for early floor plate development, similar to one-eyed-pinhead (oep) and the previously described cyclops (eye) gene. In contrast to oep and cyc, sur embryos show deletions of ventral CNS tissue restricted to the mid- and hindbrain, whereas the forebrain appears largely unaffected. In the underlying mesendodermal tissue of the head, sur is needed only for development of the posterior prechordal plate, whereas oep and eye are required for both anterior and posterior prechordal plate development. Our analysis of sur mutants suggests that defects within the posterior prechordal plate may cause aberrant development of ventral CNS structures in the mid- and hindbrain. Later development of the floor plate is affected in mutant chameleon, you-too, sonic-you, iguana, detour, schmalkars and monorail embryos; these mutants often show additional defects in tissues that are known to depend on signals from notochord and floor plate, For example, sur, con, and yot mutants show reduction of motor neurons; median deletions of brain tissue are seen in sur, con and yot embryos; and eye, con, yet, igu and dtr mutants often show no or abnormal formation of the optic chiasm. We also find fusions of the ventral neurocranium for all midline mutants tested, which may reveal a hitherto unrecognized function of the midline in influencing differentiation of neural crest cells at their destination. As a working hypothesis, we propose that midline-group genes may act to maintain proper structure and inductive function of zebrafish midline tissues. acknowledgement: "We would like to thank our colleagues in the zebrafish community for generously sharing antibodies and probes, in particular PhilIngham, Stefan Krauss and Vladimir Korzh, as well as Tom Jessel, Trevor Jowett, Anders Molven, Eric Weinberg and Monte Westerfield. M. B. thanks Steve Wilson for comments on the manuscript, his colleagues at the institute for numerous discussions, Inge Zimmermann for patient sectioning, and Silke Hein for help during the final\r\nstages of this work. M. B. was supported by a Helmholtz stipend of the BMFT." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Francisco full_name: Pelegri, Francisco last_name: Pelegri - first_name: Rolf full_name: Karlstrom, Rolf last_name: Karlstrom - first_name: Dirk full_name: Beuchle, Dirk last_name: Beuchle - first_name: Alexander full_name: Picker, Alexander last_name: Picker - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Brand M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Warga R, et al. Mutations affecting development of the midline and general body shape during zebrafish embryogenesis. Development. 1996;123(1):129-142. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.129 apa: Brand, M., Heisenberg, C.-P. J., Warga, R., Pelegri, F., Karlstrom, R., Beuchle, D., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Mutations affecting development of the midline and general body shape during zebrafish embryogenesis. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.129 chicago: Brand, Michael, Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg, Rachel Warga, Francisco Pelegri, Rolf Karlstrom, Dirk Beuchle, Alexander Picker, et al. “Mutations Affecting Development of the Midline and General Body Shape during Zebrafish Embryogenesis.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.129 . ieee: M. Brand et al., “Mutations affecting development of the midline and general body shape during zebrafish embryogenesis,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 129–142, 1996. ista: Brand M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Warga R, Pelegri F, Karlstrom R, Beuchle D, Picker A, Jiang Y, Furutani Seiki M, Van Eeden F, Granato M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Kane D, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Mutations affecting development of the midline and general body shape during zebrafish embryogenesis. Development. 123(1), 129–142. mla: Brand, Michael, et al. “Mutations Affecting Development of the Midline and General Body Shape during Zebrafish Embryogenesis.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 129–42, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.129 . short: M. Brand, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, R. Warga, F. Pelegri, R. Karlstrom, D. Beuchle, A. Picker, Y. Jiang, M. Furutani Seiki, F. Van Eeden, M. Granato, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, D. Kane, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 129–142. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:38Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-04T12:55:13Z day: '01' doi: '10.1242/dev.123.1.129 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007235 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/123/1/129/39318/Mutations-affecting-development-of-the-midline-and month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 129 - 142 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1900' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Mutations affecting development of the midline and general body shape during zebrafish embryogenesis type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4219' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Mutations in two genes affect the formation of the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain (MHB): no isthmus (noi) and acerebellar (ace), noi mutant embryos lack the MHB constriction, the cerebellum and optic tectum, as well as the pronephric duct. Analysis of noi mutant embryos with neuron-specific antibodies shows that the MHB region and the dorsal and ventral midbrain are absent or abnormal, but that the rostral hindbrain is unaffected with the exception of the cerebellum, Using markers that are expressed during its formation (eng, wnt1 and pax-b), we find that the MHB region is already misspecified in noi mutant embryos during late gastrulation. The tectum is initially present and later degenerates, The defect in ace mutant embryos is more restricted: MHB and cerebellum are absent, but a tectum is formed, Molecular organisation of the tectum and tegmentum is disturbed, however, since eng, wntl and pax-b marker gene expression is not maintained, We propose that noi and ace are required for development of the MHB region and of the adjacent mid- and hindbrain, which are thought to be patterned by the MHB region, Presence of pax-b RNA, and absence of pax-b protein, together with the observation of genetic linkage and the occurrence of a point mutation, show that noi mutations are located in the pax-b gene, pax-b is a vertebrate orthologue of the Drosophila gene paired, which is involved in a pathway of cellular interactions at the posterior compartment boundary in Drosophila, Our results confirm and extend a previous report, and show that at least one member of this conserved signalling pathway is required for formation of the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain in the zebrafish.' acknowledgement: "We would like to thank our colleagues in the zebrafish community for generously sharing antibodies and probes, in particular Terje Johannsen, Vladimir Korzh, Stefan Krauss and Ingvild Mikkola, as well as Christine Dreyer, Nigel Holder, Tom Jessel, Trevor Jowett, Anders Molven, Eric Weinberg and Monte Westerfield. M.B would like to thank his colleagues for numerous discussions, and Francisco Pelegri, Suresh Jesuthasan and Luis Puelles for comments on the\r\nmanuscipt. Thanks also to Peter Andermann and Eric Weinberg, who helped in the analysis of Zash expression, and especially to Corinne Houart, for her lovely in situ protocol and many discussions. Silke Hein helped greatly in final stages of this work. M.B. was supported by a Helmholtz stipend of the BMFT." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Dirk full_name: Beuchle, Dirk last_name: Beuchle - first_name: Klaus full_name: Lun, Klaus last_name: Lun - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Brand M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, et al. Mutations in zebrafish genes affecting the formation of the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain. Development. 1996;123(1):179-190. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.179 apa: Brand, M., Heisenberg, C.-P. J., Jiang, Y., Beuchle, D., Lun, K., Furutani Seiki, M., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Mutations in zebrafish genes affecting the formation of the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.179 chicago: Brand, Michael, Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg, Yunjin Jiang, Dirk Beuchle, Klaus Lun, Makoto Furutani Seiki, Michael Granato, et al. “Mutations in Zebrafish Genes Affecting the Formation of the Boundary between Midbrain and Hindbrain.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.179 . ieee: M. Brand et al., “Mutations in zebrafish genes affecting the formation of the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 179–190, 1996. ista: Brand M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, Beuchle D, Lun K, Furutani Seiki M, Granato M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Kane D, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Van Eeden F, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Mutations in zebrafish genes affecting the formation of the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain. Development. 123(1), 179–190. mla: Brand, Michael, et al. “Mutations in Zebrafish Genes Affecting the Formation of the Boundary between Midbrain and Hindbrain.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 179–90, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.179 . short: M. Brand, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Jiang, D. Beuchle, K. Lun, M. Furutani Seiki, M. Granato, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, D. Kane, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, F. Van Eeden, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 179–190. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:40Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-04T11:45:04Z day: '01' doi: '10.1242/dev.123.1.179 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007239 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/123/1/179/39324/Mutations-in-zebrafish-genes-affecting-the month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 179 - 190 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1899' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Mutations in zebrafish genes affecting the formation of the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4222' abstract: - lang: eng text: Somitogenesis is the basis of segmentation of the mesoderm in the trunk and tail of vertebrate embryos, Two groups of mutants with defects in this patterning process have been isolated in our screen for zygotic mutations affecting the embryonic development of the zebrafish (Danio rerio), In mutants of the first group, boundaries between individual somites are invisible early on, although the paraxial mesoderm is present, Later, irregular boundaries between somites are present, Mutations infused somites (fss) and beamter (bea) affect all somites, whereas mutations in deadly seven (des), after eight (aei) and white tail (wit) only affect the more posterior somites, Mutants of all genes but wit are homozygous viable and fertile, Skeletal stainings and the expression pattern of myoD and snail1 suggest that anteroposterior patterning within individual somites is abnormal, In the second group of mutants, formation of the horizontal myoseptum, which separates the dorsal and ventral part of the myotome, is reduced, Six genes have been defined in this group (you-type genes), yea-too mutants show the most severe phenotype; in these the adaxial cells, muscle pioneers and the primary motoneurons are affected, in addition to the horizontal myoseptum. The horizontal myoseptum is also missing in mutants that lack a notochord. The similarity of the somite phenotype in mutants lacking the notochord and in the you-type mutants suggests that the genes mutated in these two groups are involved in a signaling pathway from the notochord, important for patterning of the somites. acknowledgement: We would like to thank P. Ingham and T. Whitfield for valuable comments on the manuscript and cDNA probes, S. Schulte-Merker for the Ntl antibody and J. Eisen and R. BreMiller for the znp-1 antibody. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Ursula full_name: Schach, Ursula last_name: Schach - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Miguel full_name: Allende, Miguel last_name: Allende - first_name: Eric full_name: Weinberg, Eric last_name: Weinberg - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Van Eeden F, Granato M, Schach U, et al. Mutations affecting somite formation and patterning in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 1996;123(1):153-164. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.153 apa: Van Eeden, F., Granato, M., Schach, U., Brand, M., Furutani Seiki, M., Haffter, P., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Mutations affecting somite formation and patterning in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.153 chicago: Van Eeden, Fredericus, Michael Granato, Ursula Schach, Michael Brand, Makoto Furutani Seiki, Pascal Haffter, Matthias Hammerschmidt, et al. “Mutations Affecting Somite Formation and Patterning in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.153. ieee: F. Van Eeden et al., “Mutations affecting somite formation and patterning in the zebrafish, Danio rerio,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 153–164, 1996. ista: Van Eeden F, Granato M, Schach U, Brand M, Furutani Seiki M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, Kane D, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Warga R, Allende M, Weinberg E, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Mutations affecting somite formation and patterning in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 123(1), 153–164. mla: Van Eeden, Fredericus, et al. “Mutations Affecting Somite Formation and Patterning in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 153–64, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.153. short: F. Van Eeden, M. Granato, U. Schach, M. Brand, M. Furutani Seiki, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Jiang, D. Kane, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, R. Warga, M. Allende, E. Weinberg, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 153–164. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:41Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-04T09:29:56Z day: '01' doi: 10.1242/dev.123.1.153 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007237 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/123/1/153/39329/Mutations-affecting-somite-formation-and month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 153 - 164 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1895' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Mutations affecting somite formation and patterning in the zebrafish, Danio rerio type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4220' abstract: - lang: eng text: In the zebrafish, Danio rerio, a caudal and pectoral fin fold develop during embryogenesis. At larval stages the caudal fin fold is replaced by four different fins, the unpaired anal, dorsal and tail fins. In addition the paired pelvic fins are formed, We have identified a total of 118 mutations affecting larval fin formation, Mutations in 11 genes lead to abnormal morphology or degeneration of both caudal and pectoral fin folds, Most mutants survive to adulthood and form a surprisingly normal complement of adult fins, Mutations in nine genes result in an increased or reduced size of the pectoral fins, Interestingly, in mutants of one of these genes, dackel (dak), pectoral fin buds form initially, but later the fin epithelium fails to expand, Expression of sonic hedgehog mRNA in the posterior mesenchyme of the pectoral fin bud is initiated in dak embryos, but not maintained, Mutations in five other genes affect adult fin but not larval fin development, Two mutants, longfin (lof) and another longfin (alf) have generally longer fins. Stein und bein (sub) has reduced dorsal and pelvic fins, whereas finless (fls) and wanda (wan) mutants affect all adult fins, Finally, mutations in four genes causing defects in embryonic skin formation will be briefly reported. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Fredericus full_name: Van Eeden, Fredericus last_name: Van Eeden - first_name: Michael full_name: Granato, Michael last_name: Granato - first_name: Ursula full_name: Schach, Ursula last_name: Schach - first_name: Michael full_name: Brand, Michael last_name: Brand - first_name: Makoto full_name: Furutani Seiki, Makoto last_name: Furutani Seiki - first_name: Pascal full_name: Haffter, Pascal last_name: Haffter - first_name: Matthias full_name: Hammerschmidt, Matthias last_name: Hammerschmidt - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Yunjin full_name: Jiang, Yunjin last_name: Jiang - first_name: Donald full_name: Kane, Donald last_name: Kane - first_name: Robert full_name: Kelsh, Robert last_name: Kelsh - first_name: Mary full_name: Mullins, Mary last_name: Mullins - first_name: Jörg full_name: Odenthal, Jörg last_name: Odenthal - first_name: Rachel full_name: Warga, Rachel last_name: Warga - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Van Eeden F, Granato M, Schach U, et al. Genetic analysis of fin formation in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 1996;123(1):255-262. doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.255 apa: Van Eeden, F., Granato, M., Schach, U., Brand, M., Furutani Seiki, M., Haffter, P., … Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1996). Genetic analysis of fin formation in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.255 chicago: Van Eeden, Fredericus, Michael Granato, Ursula Schach, Michael Brand, Makoto Furutani Seiki, Pascal Haffter, Matthias Hammerschmidt, et al. “Genetic Analysis of Fin Formation in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development. Company of Biologists, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.123.1.255 . ieee: F. Van Eeden et al., “Genetic analysis of fin formation in the zebrafish, Danio rerio,” Development, vol. 123, no. 1. Company of Biologists, pp. 255–262, 1996. ista: Van Eeden F, Granato M, Schach U, Brand M, Furutani Seiki M, Haffter P, Hammerschmidt M, Heisenberg C-PJ, Jiang Y, Kane D, Kelsh R, Mullins M, Odenthal J, Warga R, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1996. Genetic analysis of fin formation in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development. 123(1), 255–262. mla: Van Eeden, Fredericus, et al. “Genetic Analysis of Fin Formation in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio.” Development, vol. 123, no. 1, Company of Biologists, 1996, pp. 255–62, doi:10.1242/dev.123.1.255 . short: F. Van Eeden, M. Granato, U. Schach, M. Brand, M. Furutani Seiki, P. Haffter, M. Hammerschmidt, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Jiang, D. Kane, R. Kelsh, M. Mullins, J. Odenthal, R. Warga, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Development 123 (1996) 255–262. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:40Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-04T10:01:17Z day: '01' doi: '10.1242/dev.123.1.255 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9007245 ' intvolume: ' 123' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/123/1/255/39327/Genetic-analysis-of-fin-formation-in-the-zebrafish month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 255 - 262 pmid: 1 publication: Development publication_identifier: issn: - 0950-1991 publication_status: published publisher: Company of Biologists publist_id: '1896' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Genetic analysis of fin formation in the zebrafish, Danio rerio type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 123 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4294' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Any sample of genes traces back to a single common ancestor. Each gene also has other properties: its sequence, its geographic location and the phenotype and fitness of the organism that carries it. With sexual reproduction, different genes have different genealogies, which gives us much more information, but also greatly complicates population genetic analysis. We review the close relation between the distribution of genealogies and the classic theory of identity by descent in spatially structured populations, and develop a simple diffusion approximation to the distribution of coalescence times in a homogeneous two-dimensional habitat. This shows that when neighbourhood size is large (as in most populations) only a small fraction of pairs of genes are closely related, and only this fraction gives information about current rates of gene flow. The increase of spatial dispersion with lineage age is thus a poor estimator of gene flow. The bulk of the genealogy depends on the long-term history of the population; we discuss ways of inferring this history from the concordance between genealogies across loci.' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Ian full_name: Wilson, Ian last_name: Wilson citation: ama: 'Barton NH, Wilson I. Genealogies and geography. In: New Uses for New Phylogenies. Oxford University Press; 1996:23-56. doi:10.1098/rstb.1995.0090' apa: Barton, N. H., & Wilson, I. (1996). Genealogies and geography. In New uses for new phylogenies (pp. 23–56). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1995.0090 chicago: Barton, Nicholas H, and Ian Wilson. “Genealogies and Geography.” In New Uses for New Phylogenies, 23–56. Oxford University Press, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1995.0090. ieee: N. H. Barton and I. Wilson, “Genealogies and geography,” in New uses for new phylogenies, Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 23–56. ista: 'Barton NH, Wilson I. 1996.Genealogies and geography. In: New uses for new phylogenies. , 23–56.' mla: Barton, Nicholas H., and Ian Wilson. “Genealogies and Geography.” New Uses for New Phylogenies, Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 23–56, doi:10.1098/rstb.1995.0090. short: N.H. Barton, I. Wilson, in:, New Uses for New Phylogenies, Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 23–56. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:05Z date_published: 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-04T08:59:18Z day: '01' doi: 10.1098/rstb.1995.0090 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8748019' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 23 - 56 pmid: 1 publication: New uses for new phylogenies publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-0198549840 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press publist_id: '1783' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Genealogies and geography type: book_chapter user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4295' abstract: - lang: eng text: Genetic studies are beginning to provide insights into the evolutionary processes that reduce the fitness of hybrids between recently diverged species. However, the deleterious gene interactions responsible for this fitness reduction are still poorly understood. acknowledgement: Thanks to Brian Charlesworth, Jerry Coyne, Allen Orr and Michael Turelli for their comments on this note, and to the BBSRC and NERC for financial support. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Barton NH. Speciation: more than the sum of its parts. In: Current Biology. Vol 6. Cell Press; 1996:1244-1246. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)70707-0' apa: 'Barton, N. H. (1996). Speciation: more than the sum of its parts. In Current Biology (Vol. 6, pp. 1244–1246). Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)70707-0' chicago: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “Speciation: More than the Sum of Its Parts.” In Current Biology, 6:1244–46. Cell Press, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)70707-0.' ieee: 'N. H. Barton, “Speciation: more than the sum of its parts,” in Current Biology, vol. 6, Cell Press, 1996, pp. 1244–1246.' ista: 'Barton NH. 1996.Speciation: more than the sum of its parts. In: Current Biology. vol. 6, 1244–1246.' mla: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “Speciation: More than the Sum of Its Parts.” Current Biology, vol. 6, Cell Press, 1996, pp. 1244–46, doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)70707-0.' short: N.H. Barton, in:, Current Biology, Cell Press, 1996, pp. 1244–1246. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:06Z date_published: 1996-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-07-07T09:28:28Z day: '01' doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)70707-0 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8939554' intvolume: ' 6' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982202707070?via%3Dihub month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1244 - 1246 pmid: 1 publication: Current Biology publication_identifier: issn: - 0960-9822 publication_status: published publisher: Cell Press publist_id: '1781' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Speciation: more than the sum of its parts' type: book_chapter user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 6 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '4419' abstract: - lang: eng text: A {\em hybrid automaton\/} consists of a finite automaton interacting with a dynamical system. Hybrid automata are used to model embedded controllers and other systems that consist of interacting discrete and continuous components. A hybrid automaton is {\em rectangular\/} if each of its continuous variables~x satisfies a nondeterministic differential equation of the form a≤dxdt≤b, where a and~b are rational constants. Rectangular hybrid automata are particularly useful for the analysis of communication protocols in which local clocks have bounded drift, and for the conservative approximation of systems with more complex continuous behavior. We examine several verification problems on the class of rectangular hybrid automata, including reachability, temporal logic model checking, and controller synthesis. Both dense-time and discrete-time models are considered. We identify subclasses of rectangular hybrid automata for which these problems are decidable and give complexity analyses. An investigation of the structural properties of rectangular hybrid automata is undertaken. One method for proving the decidability of verification problems on infinite-state systems is to find finite quotient systems on which analysis can proceed. Three state-space equivalence relations with strong connections to temporal logic are bisimilarity, similarity, and language equivalence. We characterize the quotient spaces of rectangular hybrid automata with respect to these equivalence relations. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Peter full_name: Kopke, Peter last_name: Kopke citation: ama: Kopke P. The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata. 1996. apa: Kopke, P. (1996). The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata. Cornell University. chicago: Kopke, Peter. “The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata.” Cornell University, 1996. ieee: P. Kopke, “The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata,” Cornell University, 1996. ista: Kopke P. 1996. The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata. Cornell University. mla: Kopke, Peter. The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata. Cornell University, 1996. short: P. Kopke, The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata, Cornell University, 1996. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:45Z date_published: 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-07-06T15:11:24Z day: '01' extern: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None publication_status: published publisher: Cornell University publist_id: '312' status: public supervisor: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 title: The Theory of Rectangular Hybrid Automata type: dissertation user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 year: '1996' ...