---
_id: '11932'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The ability to form and retrieve memories is central to survival. In mammals,
the hippocampus\r\nis a brain region essential to the acquisition and consolidation
of new memories. It is also\r\ninvolved in keeping track of one’s position in
space and aids navigation. Although this\r\nspace-memory has been a source of
contradiction, evidence supports the view that the role of\r\nthe hippocampus
in navigation is memory, thanks to the formation of cognitive maps. First\r\nintroduced
by Tolman in 1948, cognitive maps are generally used to organize experiences in\r\nmemory;
however, the detailed mechanisms by which these maps are formed and stored are
not\r\nyet agreed upon. Some influential theories describe this process as involving
three fundamental\r\nsteps: initial encoding by the hippocampus, interactions
between the hippocampus and other\r\ncortical areas, and long-term extra-hippocampal
consolidation. In this thesis, I will show how\r\nthe investigation of cognitive
maps of space helped to shed light on each of these three memory\r\nprocesses.\r\nThe
first study included in this thesis deals with the initial encoding of spatial
memories in\r\nthe hippocampus. Much is known about encoding at the level of single
cells, but less about\r\ntheir co-activity or joint contribution to the encoding
of novel spatial information. I will\r\ndescribe the structure of an interaction
network that allows for efficient encoding of noisy\r\nspatial information during
the first exploration of a novel environment.\r\nThe second study describes the
interactions between the hippocampus and the prefrontal\r\ncortex (PFC), two areas
directly and indirectly connected. It is known that the PFC, in concert\r\nwith
the hippocampus, is involved in various processes, including memory storage and
spatial\r\nnavigation. Nonetheless, the detailed mechanisms by which PFC receives
information from the\r\nhippocampus are not clear. I will show how a transient
improvement in theta phase locking of\r\nPFC cells enables interactions of cell
pairs across the two regions.\r\nThe third study describes the learning of behaviorally-relevant
spatial locations in the hippocampus and the medial entorhinal cortex. I will
show how the accumulation of firing around\r\ngoal locations, a correlate of learning,
can shed light on the transition from short- to long-term\r\nspatial memories
and the speed of consolidation in different brain areas.\r\nThe studies included
in this thesis represent the main scientific contributions of my Ph.D. They\r\ninvolve
statistical analyses and models of neural responses of cells in different brain
areas of\r\nrats executing spatial tasks. I will conclude the thesis by discussing
the impact of the findings\r\non principles of memory formation and retention,
including the mechanisms, the speed, and\r\nthe duration of these processes."
acknowledgement: I acknowledge the support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement
No. 665385.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Michele
full_name: Nardin, Michele
id: 30BD0376-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Nardin
orcid: 0000-0001-8849-6570
citation:
ama: Nardin M. On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11932
apa: Nardin, M. (2022). On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial
memories. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11932
chicago: Nardin, Michele. “On the Encoding, Transfer, and Consolidation of Spatial
Memories.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11932.
ieee: M. Nardin, “On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Nardin M. 2022. On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Nardin, Michele. On the Encoding, Transfer, and Consolidation of Spatial
Memories. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11932.
short: M. Nardin, On the Encoding, Transfer, and Consolidation of Spatial Memories,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-08-19T08:52:30Z
date_published: 2022-08-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T12:02:14Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '573'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoCs
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11932
ec_funded: 1
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date_created: 2022-08-22T09:43:50Z
date_updated: 2023-06-20T22:30:04Z
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language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '136'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10077'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6194'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jozsef L
full_name: Csicsvari, Jozsef L
id: 3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Csicsvari
orcid: 0000-0002-5193-4036
title: On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12378'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Environmental cues influence the highly dynamic morphology of microglia.
Strategies to \r\ncharacterize these changes usually involve user-selected morphometric
features, which \r\npreclude the identification of a spectrum of context-dependent
morphological phenotypes. \r\nHere, we develop MorphOMICs, a topological data
analysis approach, which enables semi\x02automatic mapping of microglial morphology
into an atlas of cue-dependent phenotypes,\r\novercomes feature-selection bias
and minimizes biological variability. \r\nFirst, with MorphOMICs we derive the
morphological spectrum of microglia across seven \r\nbrain regions during postnatal
development and in two distinct Alzheimer’s disease \r\ndegeneration mouse models.
We uncover region-specific and sexually dimorphic\r\nmorphological trajectories,
with females showing an earlier morphological shift than males in \r\nthe degenerating
brain. Overall, we demonstrate that both long primary- and short terminal \r\nprocesses
provide distinct insights to morphological phenotypes. Moreover, using machine
\r\nlearning to map novel condition on the spectrum, we observe that microglia
morphologies \r\nreflect a dose-dependent adaptation upon ketamine anesthesia
and do not recover to control \r\nmorphologies.\r\nNext, we took advantage of
MorphOMICs to build a high-resolution and layer-specific map of \r\nmicroglial
morphological spectrum in the retina, covering postnatal development and rd10
\r\ndegeneration. Here, following photoreceptor death, microglia assume an early
development\x02like morphology. Finally, we map microglial morphology following
optic nerve crush on the \r\nretinal spectrum and observe a layer- and sex-dependent
response. \r\nOverall, MorphOMICs opens a new perspective to analyze microglial
morphology across \r\nmultiple conditions, and provides a novel tool to characterize
microglial morphology beyond \r\nthe traditionally dichotomized view of microglia."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: PreCl
- _id: Bio
- _id: ScienComp
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Gloria
full_name: Colombo, Gloria
id: 3483CF6C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Colombo
orcid: 0000-0001-9434-8902
citation:
ama: Colombo G. MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals brain
region- and sex-dependent phenotypes. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12378
apa: Colombo, G. (2022). MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology,
reveals brain region- and sex-dependent phenotypes. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12378
chicago: Colombo, Gloria. “MorphOMICs, a Tool for Mapping Microglial Morphology,
Reveals Brain Region- and Sex-Dependent Phenotypes.” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12378.
ieee: G. Colombo, “MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals
brain region- and sex-dependent phenotypes,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
ista: Colombo G. 2022. MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals
brain region- and sex-dependent phenotypes. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Colombo, Gloria. MorphOMICs, a Tool for Mapping Microglial Morphology, Reveals
Brain Region- and Sex-Dependent Phenotypes. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12378.
short: G. Colombo, MorphOMICs, a Tool for Mapping Microglial Morphology, Reveals
Brain Region- and Sex-Dependent Phenotypes, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-25T14:27:43Z
date_published: 2022-11-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-04T09:40:37Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: SaSi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12378
ec_funded: 1
file:
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date_created: 2023-01-25T14:31:32Z
date_updated: 2023-04-12T22:30:03Z
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file_id: '12379'
file_name: Gloria_Colombo_Thesis.docx
file_size: 23890382
relation: source_file
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checksum: 8af4319c18b516e8758e9a6cb02b103b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-25T14:31:36Z
date_updated: 2023-04-12T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-04-11
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file_name: Gloria_Colombo_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 13802421
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file_date_updated: 2023-04-12T22:30:03Z
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language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '142'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '12244'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Sandra
full_name: Siegert, Sandra
id: 36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Siegert
orcid: 0000-0001-8635-0877
title: MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals brain region-
and sex-dependent phenotypes
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11388'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In evolve and resequence experiments, a population is sequenced, subjected
to selection and\r\nthen sequenced again, so that genetic changes before and after
selection can be observed at\r\nthe genetic level. Here, I use these studies to
better understand the genetic basis of complex\r\ntraits - traits which depend
on more than a few genes.\r\nIn the first chapter, I discuss the first evolve
and resequence experiment, in which a population\r\nof mice, the so-called \"Longshanks\"
mice, were selected for tibia length while their body mass\r\nwas kept constant.
The full pedigree is known. We observed a selection response on all\r\nchromosomes
and used the infinitesimal model with linkage, a model which assumes an infinite\r\nnumber
of genes with infinitesimally small effect sizes, as a null model. Results implied
a very\r\npolygenic basis with a few loci of major effect standing out and changing
in parallel. There\r\nwas large variability between the different chromosomes
in this study, probably due to LD.\r\nIn chapter two, I go on to discuss the impact
of LD, on the variability in an allele-frequency\r\nbased summary statistic, giving
an equation based on the initial allele frequencies, average\r\npairwise LD, and
the first four moments of the haplotype block copy number distribution. I\r\ndescribe
this distribution by referring back to the founder generation. I then demonstrate\r\nhow
to infer selection via a maximum likelihood scheme on the example of a single
locus and\r\ndiscuss how to extend this to more realistic scenarios.\r\nIn chapter
three, I discuss the second evolve and resequence experiment, in which a small\r\npopulation
of Drosophila melanogaster was selected for increased pupal case size over 6\r\ngenerations.
The experiment was highly replicated with 27 lines selected within family and
a\r\nknown pedigree. We observed a phenotypic selection response of over one standard
deviation.\r\nI describe the patterns in allele frequency data, including allele
frequency changes and patterns\r\nof heterozygosity, and give ideas for future
work."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Stefanie
full_name: Belohlavy, Stefanie
id: 43FE426A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Belohlavy
orcid: 0000-0002-9849-498X
citation:
ama: Belohlavy S. The genetic basis of complex traits studied via analysis of evolve
and resequence experiments. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11388
apa: Belohlavy, S. (2022). The genetic basis of complex traits studied via analysis
of evolve and resequence experiments. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11388
chicago: Belohlavy, Stefanie. “The Genetic Basis of Complex Traits Studied via Analysis
of Evolve and Resequence Experiments.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11388.
ieee: S. Belohlavy, “The genetic basis of complex traits studied via analysis of
evolve and resequence experiments,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022.
ista: Belohlavy S. 2022. The genetic basis of complex traits studied via analysis
of evolve and resequence experiments. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Belohlavy, Stefanie. The Genetic Basis of Complex Traits Studied via Analysis
of Evolve and Resequence Experiments. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11388.
short: S. Belohlavy, The Genetic Basis of Complex Traits Studied via Analysis of
Evolve and Resequence Experiments, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022.
date_created: 2022-05-16T16:49:18Z
date_published: 2022-05-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-29T06:41:51Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '576'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11388
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 4d75e6a619df7e8a9d6e840aee182380
content_type: application/pdf
creator: sbelohla
date_created: 2022-05-19T13:03:13Z
date_updated: 2023-05-20T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-05-19
file_id: '11398'
file_name: thesis_sb_final_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 8247240
relation: main_file
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date_created: 2022-05-19T13:07:47Z
date_updated: 2023-05-20T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '11399'
file_name: thesis_sb_final.zip
file_size: 7094
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-05-20T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '98'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-018-3
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6713'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
title: The genetic basis of complex traits studied via analysis of evolve and resequence
experiments
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12401'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Detachment of the cancer cells from the bulk of the tumor is the first step
of metastasis, which\r\nis the primary cause of cancer related deaths. It is unclear,
which factors contribute to this step.\r\nRecent studies indicate a crucial role
of the tumor microenvironment in malignant\r\ntransformation and metastasis. Studying
cancer cell invasion and detachments quantitatively in\r\nthe context of its physiological
microenvironment is technically challenging. Especially, precise\r\ncontrol of
microenvironmental properties in vivo is currently not possible. Here, I studied
the\r\nrole of microenvironment geometry in the invasion and detachment of cancer
cells from the\r\nbulk with a simplistic and reductionist approach. In this approach,
I engineered microfluidic\r\ndevices to mimic a pseudo 3D extracellular matrix
environment, where I was able to\r\nquantitatively tune the geometrical configuration
of the microenvironment and follow tumor\r\ncells with fluorescence live imaging.
To aid quantitative analysis I developed a widely applicable\r\nsoftware application
to automatically analyze and visualize particle tracking data.\r\nQuantitative
analysis of tumor cell invasion in isotropic and anisotropic microenvironments\r\nshowed
that heterogeneity in the microenvironment promotes faster invasion and more\r\nfrequent
detachment of cells. These observations correlated with overall higher speed of
cells at\r\nthe edge of the bulk of the cells. In heterogeneous microenvironments
cells preferentially\r\npassed through larger pores, thus invading areas of least
resistance and generating finger-like\r\ninvasive structures. The detachments
occurred mostly at the tips of these structures.\r\nTo investigate the potential
mechanism, we established a two dimensional model to simulate\r\nactive Brownian
particles representing the cell nuclei dynamics. These simulations backed our
in\r\nvitro observations without the need of precise fitting the simulation parameters.
Our model\r\nsuggests the importance of the pore heterogeneity in the direction
perpendicular to the\r\norientation of bias field (lateral heterogeneity), which
causes the interface roughening."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Saren
full_name: Tasciyan, Saren
id: 4323B49C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tasciyan
orcid: 0000-0003-1671-393X
citation:
ama: Tasciyan S. Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12401
apa: Tasciyan, S. (2022). Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell
invasion. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12401
chicago: Tasciyan, Saren. “Role of Microenvironment Heterogeneity in Cancer Cell
Invasion.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12401.
ieee: S. Tasciyan, “Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Tasciyan S. 2022. Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Tasciyan, Saren. Role of Microenvironment Heterogeneity in Cancer Cell Invasion.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12401.
short: S. Tasciyan, Role of Microenvironment Heterogeneity in Cancer Cell Invasion,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-26T11:55:16Z
date_published: 2022-12-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-12-21T23:30:04Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '610'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12401
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: cc4a2b4a7e3c4ee8ef7f2dbf909b12bd
content_type: application/pdf
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date_created: 2023-01-26T11:58:14Z
date_updated: 2023-12-21T23:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-12-20
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file_size: 42059787
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date_created: 2023-01-26T12:00:10Z
date_updated: 2023-12-21T23:30:03Z
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has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '105'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '679'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10703'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9429'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7885'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Michael K
full_name: Sixt, Michael K
id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sixt
orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
title: Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11193'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The infiltration of immune cells into tissues underlies the establishment
of tissue-resident\r\nmacrophages and responses to infections and tumors. However,
the mechanisms immune\r\ncells utilize to collectively migrate through tissue
barriers in vivo are not yet well understood.\r\nIn this thesis, I describe two
mechanisms that Drosophila immune cells (hemocytes) use to\r\novercome the tissue
barrier of the germband in the embryo. One strategy is the strengthening\r\nof
the actin cortex through developmentally controlled transcriptional regulation
induced by\r\nthe Drosophila proto-oncogene family member Dfos, which I show in
Chapter 2. Dfos induces\r\nexpression of the tetraspanin TM4SF and the filamin
Cher leading to higher levels of the\r\nactivated formin Dia at the cortex and
increased cortical F-actin. This enhanced cortical\r\nstrength allows hemocytes
to overcome the physical resistance of the surrounding tissue and\r\ntranslocate
their nucleus to move forward. This mechanism affects the speed of migration\r\nwhen
hemocytes face a confined environment in vivo.\r\nAnother aspect of the invasion
process is the initial step of the leading hemocytes entering\r\nthe tissue, which
potentially guides the follower cells. In Chapter 3, I describe a novel\r\nsubpopulation
of hemocytes activated by BMP signaling prior to tissue invasion that leads\r\npenetration
into the germband. Hemocytes that are deficient in BMP signaling activation\r\nshow
impaired persistence at the tissue entry, while their migration speed remains\r\nunaffected.\r\nThis
suggests that there might be different mechanisms controlling immune cell migration\r\nwithin
the confined environment in vivo, one of these being the general ability to overcome\r\nthe
resistance of the surrounding tissue and another affecting the order of hemocytes
that\r\ncollectively invade the tissue in a stream of individual cells.\r\nTogether,
my findings provide deeper insights into transcriptional changes in immune\r\ncells
that enable efficient tissue invasion and pave the way for future studies investigating
the\r\nearly colonization of tissues by macrophages in higher organisms. Moreover,
they extend the\r\ncurrent view of Drosophila immune cell heterogeneity and point
toward a potentially\r\nconserved role for canonical BMP signaling in specifying
immune cells that lead the migration\r\nof tissue resident macrophages during
embryogenesis."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Stephanie
full_name: Wachner, Stephanie
id: 2A95E7B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wachner
citation:
ama: Wachner S. Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support tissue
invasion of Drosophila immune cells. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11193
apa: Wachner, S. (2022). Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling
support tissue invasion of Drosophila immune cells. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11193
chicago: Wachner, Stephanie. “Transcriptional Regulation by Dfos and BMP-Signaling
Support Tissue Invasion of Drosophila Immune Cells.” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11193.
ieee: S. Wachner, “Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support
tissue invasion of Drosophila immune cells,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
ista: Wachner S. 2022. Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support
tissue invasion of Drosophila immune cells. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Wachner, Stephanie. Transcriptional Regulation by Dfos and BMP-Signaling
Support Tissue Invasion of Drosophila Immune Cells. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11193.
short: S. Wachner, Transcriptional Regulation by Dfos and BMP-Signaling Support
Tissue Invasion of Drosophila Immune Cells, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-04-20T08:59:07Z
date_published: 2022-04-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T10:15:54Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaSi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11193
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date_updated: 2023-04-21T22:30:03Z
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language:
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month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '170'
project:
- _id: 26199CA4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '24800'
name: Tissue barrier penetration is crucial for immunity and metastasis
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10614'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '544'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Daria E
full_name: Siekhaus, Daria E
id: 3D224B9E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Siekhaus
orcid: 0000-0001-8323-8353
title: Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support tissue invasion
of Drosophila immune cells
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12364'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders
character\x02ized by behavioral symptoms such as problems in social communication
and interaction, as\r\nwell as repetitive, restricted behaviors and interests.
These disorders show a high degree\r\nof heritability and hundreds of risk genes
have been identifed using high throughput\r\nsequencing technologies. This genetic
heterogeneity has hampered eforts in understanding\r\nthe pathogenesis of ASD
but at the same time given rise to the concept of convergent\r\nmechanisms. Previous
studies have identifed that risk genes for ASD broadly converge\r\nonto specifc
functional categories with transcriptional regulation being one of the biggest\r\ngroups.
In this thesis, I focus on this subgroup of genes and investigate the gene regulatory\r\nconsequences
of some of them in the context of neurodevelopment.\r\nFirst, we showed that mutations
in the ASD and intellectual disability risk gene Setd5 lead\r\nto perturbations
of gene regulatory programs in early cell fate specifcation. In addition,\r\nadult
animals display abnormal learning behavior which is mirrored at the transcriptional\r\nlevel
by altered activity dependent regulation of postsynaptic gene expression. Lastly,\r\nwe
link the regulatory function of Setd5 to its interaction with the Paf1 and the
NCoR\r\ncomplex.\r\nSecond, by modeling the heterozygous loss of the top ASD gene
CHD8 in human cerebral\r\norganoids we demonstrate profound changes in the developmental
trajectories of both\r\ninhibitory and excitatory neurons using single cell RNA-sequencing.
While the former\r\nwere generated earlier in CHD8+/- organoids, the generation
of the latter was shifted to\r\nlater times in favor of a prolonged progenitor
expansion phase and ultimately increased\r\norganoid size.\r\nFinally, by modeling
heterozygous mutations for four ASD associated chromatin modifers,\r\nASH1L, KDM6B,
KMT5B, and SETD5 in human cortical spheroids we show evidence of\r\nregulatory
convergence across three of those genes. We observe a shift from dorsal cortical\r\nexcitatory
neuron fates towards partially ventralized cell types resembling cells from the\r\nlateral
ganglionic eminence. As this project is still ongoing at the time of writing,
future\r\nexperiments will aim at elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying
this shift with\r\nthe aim of linking these three ASD risk genes through biological
convergence."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Dotter, Christoph
id: 4C66542E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Dotter
orcid: 0000-0002-9033-9096
citation:
ama: Dotter C. Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated with
Autism Spectrum Disorder. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12094
apa: Dotter, C. (2022). Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12094
chicago: Dotter, Christoph. “Transcriptional Consequences of Mutations in Genes
Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12094.
ieee: C. Dotter, “Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Dotter C. 2022. Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Dotter, Christoph. Transcriptional Consequences of Mutations in Genes Associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12094.
short: C. Dotter, Transcriptional Consequences of Mutations in Genes Associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-24T13:09:57Z
date_published: 2022-09-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-16T13:10:22Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GaNo
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12094
ec_funded: 1
file:
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date_created: 2023-01-24T13:15:45Z
date_updated: 2023-09-20T22:30:03Z
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date_created: 2023-02-02T09:15:35Z
date_updated: 2023-09-20T22:30:03Z
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has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '152'
project:
- _id: 254BA948-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '401299'
name: Probing development and reversibility of autism spectrum disorders
- _id: 9B91375C-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
grant_number: '707964'
name: Critical windows and reversibility of ASD associated with mutations in chromatin
remodelers
- _id: 25444568-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '715508'
name: Probing the Reversibility of Autism Spectrum Disorders by Employing in vivo
and in vitro Models
- _id: 2690FEAC-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: I04205
name: Identification of converging Molecular Pathways Across Chromatinopathies as
Targets for Therapy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '3'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '11160'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Gaia
full_name: Novarino, Gaia
id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Novarino
orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
title: Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated with Autism Spectrum
Disorder
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '9056'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In this thesis we study persistence of multi-covers of Euclidean balls and
the geometric structures underlying their computation, in particular Delaunay
mosaics and Voronoi tessellations. The k-fold cover for some discrete input point
set consists of the space where at least k balls of radius r around the input
points overlap. Persistence is a notion that captures, in some sense, the topology
of the shape underlying the input. While persistence is usually computed for the
union of balls, the k-fold cover is of interest as it captures local density,\r\nand
thus might approximate the shape of the input better if the input data is noisy.
To compute persistence of these k-fold covers, we need a discretization that is
provided by higher-order Delaunay mosaics. We present and implement a simple and
efficient algorithm for the computation of higher-order Delaunay mosaics, and
use it to give experimental results for their combinatorial properties. The algorithm
makes use of a new geometric structure, the rhomboid tiling. It contains the higher-order
Delaunay mosaics as slices, and by introducing a filtration\r\nfunction on the
tiling, we also obtain higher-order α-shapes as slices. These allow us to compute
persistence of the multi-covers for varying radius r; the computation for varying
k is less straight-foward and involves the rhomboid tiling directly. We apply
our algorithms to experimental sphere packings to shed light on their structural
properties. Finally, inspired by periodic structures in packings and materials,
we propose and implement an algorithm for periodic Delaunay triangulations to
be integrated into the Computational Geometry Algorithms Library (CGAL), and discuss
the implications on persistence for periodic data sets."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Georg F
full_name: Osang, Georg F
id: 464B40D6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Osang
orcid: 0000-0002-8882-5116
citation:
ama: Osang GF. Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics. 2021. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056
apa: Osang, G. F. (2021). Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056
chicago: Osang, Georg F. “Multi-Cover Persistence and Delaunay Mosaics.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056.
ieee: G. F. Osang, “Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics,” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, 2021.
ista: 'Osang GF. 2021. Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics. Klosterneuburg:
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: Osang, Georg F. Multi-Cover Persistence and Delaunay Mosaics. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056.
short: G.F. Osang, Multi-Cover Persistence and Delaunay Mosaics, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-02-02T14:11:06Z
date_published: 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:29:01Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '006'
- '514'
- '516'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HeEd
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056
file:
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creator: patrickd
date_created: 2021-02-02T14:09:25Z
date_updated: 2021-02-03T10:37:28Z
file_id: '9063'
file_name: thesis_source.zip
file_size: 13446994
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content_type: application/pdf
creator: patrickd
date_created: 2021-02-02T14:09:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-02T14:09:18Z
file_id: '9064'
file_name: thesis_pdfA2b.pdf
file_size: 5210329
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-02-03T10:37:28Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '134'
place: Klosterneuburg
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '187'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8703'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Herbert
full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert
id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Edelsbrunner
orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833
title: Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9022'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In the first part of the thesis we consider Hermitian random matrices. Firstly,
we consider sample covariance matrices XX∗ with X having independent identically
distributed (i.i.d.) centred entries. We prove a Central Limit Theorem for differences
of linear statistics of XX∗ and its minor after removing the first column of X.
Secondly, we consider Wigner-type matrices and prove that the eigenvalue statistics
near cusp singularities of the limiting density of states are universal and that
they form a Pearcey process. Since the limiting eigenvalue distribution admits
only square root (edge) and cubic root (cusp) singularities, this concludes the
third and last remaining case of the Wigner-Dyson-Mehta universality conjecture.
The main technical ingredients are an optimal local law at the cusp, and the proof
of the fast relaxation to equilibrium of the Dyson Brownian motion in the cusp
regime.\r\nIn the second part we consider non-Hermitian matrices X with centred
i.i.d. entries. We normalise the entries of X to have variance N −1. It is well
known that the empirical eigenvalue density converges to the uniform distribution
on the unit disk (circular law). In the first project, we prove universality of
the local eigenvalue statistics close to the edge of the spectrum. This is the
non-Hermitian analogue of the TracyWidom universality at the Hermitian edge. Technically
we analyse the evolution of the spectral distribution of X along the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck
flow for very long time\r\n(up to t = +∞). In the second project, we consider
linear statistics of eigenvalues for macroscopic test functions f in the Sobolev
space H2+ϵ and prove their convergence to the projection of the Gaussian Free
Field on the unit disk. We prove this result for non-Hermitian matrices with real
or complex entries. The main technical ingredients are: (i) local law for products
of two resolvents at different spectral parameters, (ii) analysis of correlated
Dyson Brownian motions.\r\nIn the third and final part we discuss the mathematically
rigorous application of supersymmetric techniques (SUSY ) to give a lower tail
estimate of the lowest singular value of X − z, with z ∈ C. More precisely, we
use superbosonisation formula to give an integral representation of the resolvent
of (X − z)(X − z)∗ which reduces to two and three contour integrals in the complex
and real case, respectively. The rigorous analysis of these integrals is quite
challenging since simple saddle point analysis cannot be applied (the main contribution
comes from a non-trivial manifold). Our result\r\nimproves classical smoothing
inequalities in the regime |z| ≈ 1; this result is essential to prove edge universality
for i.i.d. non-Hermitian matrices."
acknowledgement: I gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Grant Agreement No. 665385 and my advisor’s ERC Advanced Grant No. 338804.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Giorgio
full_name: Cipolloni, Giorgio
id: 42198EFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cipolloni
orcid: 0000-0002-4901-7992
citation:
ama: Cipolloni G. Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices. 2021. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022
apa: Cipolloni, G. (2021). Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022
chicago: Cipolloni, Giorgio. “Fluctuations in the Spectrum of Random Matrices.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022.
ieee: G. Cipolloni, “Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Cipolloni G. 2021. Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Cipolloni, Giorgio. Fluctuations in the Spectrum of Random Matrices.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022.
short: G. Cipolloni, Fluctuations in the Spectrum of Random Matrices, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-01-21T18:16:54Z
date_published: 2021-01-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:29:32Z
day: '25'
ddc:
- '510'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: LaEr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 5a93658a5f19478372523ee232887e2b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: gcipollo
date_created: 2021-01-25T14:19:03Z
date_updated: 2021-01-25T14:19:03Z
file_id: '9043'
file_name: thesis.pdf
file_size: 4127796
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checksum: e8270eddfe6a988e92a53c88d1d19b8c
content_type: application/zip
creator: gcipollo
date_created: 2021-01-25T14:19:10Z
date_updated: 2021-01-25T14:19:10Z
file_id: '9044'
file_name: Thesis_files.zip
file_size: 12775206
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-01-25T14:19:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '380'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 258DCDE6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '338804'
name: Random matrices, universality and disordered quantum systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
title: Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10007'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The present thesis is concerned with the derivation of weak-strong uniqueness
principles for curvature driven interface evolution problems not satisfying a
comparison principle. The specific examples being treated are two-phase Navier-Stokes
flow with surface tension, modeling the evolution of two incompressible, viscous
and immiscible fluids separated by a sharp interface, and multiphase mean curvature
flow, which serves as an idealized model for the motion of grain boundaries in
an annealing polycrystalline material. Our main results - obtained in joint works
with Julian Fischer, Tim Laux and Theresa M. Simon - state that prior to the formation
of geometric singularities due to topology changes, the weak solution concept
of Abels (Interfaces Free Bound. 9, 2007) to two-phase Navier-Stokes flow with
surface tension and the weak solution concept of Laux and Otto (Calc. Var. Partial
Differential Equations 55, 2016) to multiphase mean curvature flow (for networks
in R^2 or double bubbles in R^3) represents the unique solution to these interface
evolution problems within the class of classical solutions, respectively. To the
best of the author's knowledge, for interface evolution problems not admitting
a geometric comparison principle the derivation of a weak-strong uniqueness principle
represented an open problem, so that the works contained in the present thesis
constitute the first positive results in this direction. The key ingredient of
our approach consists of the introduction of a novel concept of relative entropies
for a class of curvature driven interface evolution problems, for which the associated
energy contains an interfacial contribution being proportional to the surface
area of the evolving (network of) interface(s). The interfacial part of the relative
entropy gives sufficient control on the interface error between a weak and a classical
solution, and its time evolution can be computed, at least in principle, for any
energy dissipating weak solution concept. A resulting stability estimate for the
relative entropy essentially entails the above mentioned weak-strong uniqueness
principles. The present thesis contains a detailed introduction to our relative
entropy approach, which in particular highlights potential applications to other
problems in curvature driven interface evolution not treated in this thesis.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Sebastian
full_name: Hensel, Sebastian
id: 4D23B7DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hensel
orcid: 0000-0001-7252-8072
citation:
ama: 'Hensel S. Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties of weak
solution concepts. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10007'
apa: 'Hensel, S. (2021). Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties
of weak solution concepts. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10007'
chicago: 'Hensel, Sebastian. “Curvature Driven Interface Evolution: Uniqueness Properties
of Weak Solution Concepts.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10007.'
ieee: 'S. Hensel, “Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties of
weak solution concepts,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.'
ista: 'Hensel S. 2021. Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties
of weak solution concepts. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Hensel, Sebastian. Curvature Driven Interface Evolution: Uniqueness Properties
of Weak Solution Concepts. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021,
doi:10.15479/at:ista:10007.'
short: 'S. Hensel, Curvature Driven Interface Evolution: Uniqueness Properties of
Weak Solution Concepts, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.'
date_created: 2021-09-13T11:12:34Z
date_published: 2021-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:30:45Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '515'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JuFi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10007
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: c8475faaf0b680b4971f638f1db16347
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: shensel
date_created: 2021-09-13T11:03:24Z
date_updated: 2021-09-15T14:37:30Z
file_id: '10008'
file_name: thesis_final_Hensel.zip
file_size: 15022154
relation: source_file
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checksum: 1a609937aa5275452822f45f2da17f07
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creator: shensel
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date_updated: 2021-09-14T09:52:47Z
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language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '300'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 0aa76401-070f-11eb-9043-b5bb049fa26d
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '948819'
name: Bridging Scales in Random Materials
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10012'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10013'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7489'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Julian L
full_name: Fischer, Julian L
id: 2C12A0B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fischer
orcid: 0000-0002-0479-558X
title: 'Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties of weak solution
concepts'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10030'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "This PhD thesis is primarily focused on the study of discrete transport problems,
introduced for the first time in the seminal works of Maas [Maa11] and Mielke
[Mie11] on finite state Markov chains and reaction-diffusion equations, respectively.
More in detail, my research focuses on the study of transport costs on graphs,
in particular the convergence and the stability of such problems in the discrete-to-continuum
limit. This thesis also includes some results concerning\r\nnon-commutative optimal
transport. The first chapter of this thesis consists of a general introduction
to the optimal transport problems, both in the discrete, the continuous, and the
non-commutative setting. Chapters 2 and 3 present the content of two works, obtained
in collaboration with Peter Gladbach, Eva Kopfer, and Jan Maas, where we have
been able to show the convergence of discrete transport costs on periodic graphs
to suitable continuous ones, which can be described by means of a homogenisation
result. We first focus on the particular case of quadratic costs on the real line
and then extending the result to more general costs in arbitrary dimension. Our
results are the first complete characterisation of limits of transport costs on
periodic graphs in arbitrary dimension which do not rely on any additional symmetry.
In Chapter 4 we turn our attention to one of the intriguing connection between
evolution equations and optimal transport, represented by the theory of gradient
flows. We show that discrete gradient flow structures associated to a finite volume
approximation of a certain class of diffusive equations (Fokker–Planck) is stable
in the limit of vanishing meshes, reproving the convergence of the scheme via
the method of evolutionary Γ-convergence and exploiting a more variational point
of view on the problem. This is based on a collaboration with Dominik Forkert
and Jan Maas. Chapter 5 represents a change of perspective, moving away from the
discrete world and reaching the non-commutative one. As in the discrete case,
we discuss how classical tools coming from the commutative optimal transport can
be translated into the setting of density matrices. In particular, in this final
chapter we present a non-commutative version of the Schrödinger problem (or entropic
regularised optimal transport problem) and discuss existence and characterisation
of minimisers, a duality result, and present a non-commutative version of the
well-known Sinkhorn algorithm to compute the above mentioned optimisers. This
is based on a joint work with Dario Feliciangeli and Augusto Gerolin. Finally,
Appendix A and B contain some additional material and discussions, with particular
attention to Harnack inequalities and the regularity of flows on discrete spaces."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: The author gratefully acknowledges support by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF), grants No W1245.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lorenzo
full_name: Portinale, Lorenzo
id: 30AD2CBC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Portinale
citation:
ama: Portinale L. Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and gradient
flows in the space of measures. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10030
apa: Portinale, L. (2021). Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems
and gradient flows in the space of measures. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10030
chicago: Portinale, Lorenzo. “Discrete-to-Continuum Limits of Transport Problems
and Gradient Flows in the Space of Measures.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10030.
ieee: L. Portinale, “Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and gradient
flows in the space of measures,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2021.
ista: Portinale L. 2021. Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and
gradient flows in the space of measures. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Portinale, Lorenzo. Discrete-to-Continuum Limits of Transport Problems and
Gradient Flows in the Space of Measures. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10030.
short: L. Portinale, Discrete-to-Continuum Limits of Transport Problems and Gradient
Flows in the Space of Measures, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-21T09:14:15Z
date_published: 2021-09-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:31:06Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '515'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10030
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date_updated: 2021-09-27T11:14:31Z
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language:
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month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 260788DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
name: Dissipation and Dispersion in Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
- _id: fc31cba2-9c52-11eb-aca3-ff467d239cd2
grant_number: F6504
name: Taming Complexity in Partial Differential Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10022'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9792'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7573'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Maas, Jan
id: 4C5696CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Maas
orcid: 0000-0002-0845-1338
title: Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and gradient flows in the
space of measures
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9920'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'This work is concerned with two fascinating circuit quantum electrodynamics
components, the Josephson junction and the geometric superinductor, and the interesting
experiments that can be done by combining the two. The Josephson junction has
revolutionized the field of superconducting circuits as a non-linear dissipation-less
circuit element and is used in almost all superconducting qubit implementations
since the 90s. On the other hand, the superinductor is a relatively new circuit
element introduced as a key component of the fluxonium qubit in 2009. This is
an inductor with characteristic impedance larger than the resistance quantum and
self-resonance frequency in the GHz regime. The combination of these two elements
can occur in two fundamental ways: in parallel and in series. When connected in
parallel the two create the fluxonium qubit, a loop with large inductance and
a rich energy spectrum reliant on quantum tunneling. On the other hand placing
the two elements in series aids with the measurement of the IV curve of a single
Josephson junction in a high impedance environment. In this limit theory predicts
that the junction will behave as its dual element: the phase-slip junction. While
the Josephson junction acts as a non-linear inductor the phase-slip junction has
the behavior of a non-linear capacitance and can be used to measure new Josephson
junction phenomena, namely Coulomb blockade of Cooper pairs and phase-locked Bloch
oscillations. The latter experiment allows for a direct link between frequency
and current which is an elusive connection in quantum metrology. This work introduces
the geometric superinductor, a superconducting circuit element where the high
inductance is due to the geometry rather than the material properties of the superconductor,
realized from a highly miniaturized superconducting planar coil. These structures
will be described and characterized as resonators and qubit inductors and progress
towards the measurement of phase-locked Bloch oscillations will be presented.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Matilda
full_name: Peruzzo, Matilda
id: 3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Peruzzo
orcid: 0000-0002-3415-4628
citation:
ama: Peruzzo M. Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit quantum
electrodynamics. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9920
apa: Peruzzo, M. (2021). Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit
quantum electrodynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9920
chicago: Peruzzo, Matilda. “Geometric Superinductors and Their Applications in Circuit
Quantum Electrodynamics.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9920.
ieee: M. Peruzzo, “Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit quantum
electrodynamics,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Peruzzo M. 2021. Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit
quantum electrodynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Peruzzo, Matilda. Geometric Superinductors and Their Applications in Circuit
Quantum Electrodynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021,
doi:10.15479/at:ista:9920.
short: M. Peruzzo, Geometric Superinductors and Their Applications in Circuit Quantum
Electrodynamics, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-08-16T09:44:09Z
date_published: 2021-08-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:31:22Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9920
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checksum: 3cd1986efde5121d7581f6fcf9090da8
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creator: mperuzzo
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date_updated: 2021-09-06T08:39:47Z
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creator: mperuzzo
date_created: 2021-08-18T14:20:09Z
date_updated: 2021-09-06T08:39:47Z
description: Extra copy of the thesis as PDF/A-2b
file_id: '9940'
file_name: GeometricSuperinductorsAndTheirApplicationsIncQED-2b.pdf
file_size: 17592425
relation: other
file_date_updated: 2021-09-06T08:39:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- quantum computing
- superinductor
- quantum metrology
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '149'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-013-8
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9928'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8755'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Johannes M
full_name: Fink, Johannes M
id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fink
orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
title: Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit quantum electrodynamics
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10422'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Those who aim to devise new materials with desirable properties usually examine
present methods first. However, they will find out that some approaches can exist
only conceptually without high chances to become practically useful. It seems
that a numerical technique called automatic differentiation together with increasing
supply of computational accelerators will soon shift many methods of the material
design from the category ”unimaginable” to the category ”expensive but possible”.
Approach we suggest is not an exception. Our overall goal is to have an efficient
and generalizable approach allowing to solve inverse design problems. In this
thesis we scratch its surface. We consider jammed systems of identical particles.
And ask ourselves how the shape of those particles (or the parameters codifying
it) may affect mechanical properties of the system. An indispensable part of reaching
the answer is an appropriate particle parametrization. We come up with a simple,
yet generalizable and purposeful scheme for it. Using our generalizable shape
parameterization, we simulate the formation of a solid composed of pentagonal-like
particles and measure anisotropy in the resulting elastic response. Through automatic
differentiation techniques, we directly connect the shape parameters with the
elastic response. Interestingly, for our system we find that less isotropic particles
lead to a more isotropic elastic response. Together with other results known about
our method it seems that it can be successfully generalized for different inverse
design problems.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Master's Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Anton
full_name: Piankov, Anton
id: 865E3C26-AA8C-11E9-A409-C4C4E5697425
last_name: Piankov
citation:
ama: Piankov A. Towards designer materials using customizable particle shape. 2021.
doi:10.15479/at:ista:10422
apa: Piankov, A. (2021). Towards designer materials using customizable particle
shape. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10422
chicago: Piankov, Anton. “Towards Designer Materials Using Customizable Particle
Shape.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10422.
ieee: A. Piankov, “Towards designer materials using customizable particle shape,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Piankov A. 2021. Towards designer materials using customizable particle shape.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Piankov, Anton. Towards Designer Materials Using Customizable Particle Shape.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10422.
short: A. Piankov, Towards Designer Materials Using Customizable Particle Shape,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-12-07T10:48:06Z
date_published: 2021-12-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:34:12Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '530'
degree_awarded: MS
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: CaGo
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10422
file:
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checksum: 114e8f4b2c002c6c352416c12de2c695
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creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-12-07T11:13:52Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:10:25Z
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creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-12-07T11:14:01Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:10:25Z
file_id: '10425'
file_name: Preliminary_pages_Piankov.docx
file_size: 47638
relation: source_file
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content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-12-07T11:20:35Z
date_updated: 2021-12-07T11:20:35Z
file_id: '10426'
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file_size: 484965
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file_date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:10:25Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2791-4585
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Carl Peter
full_name: Goodrich, Carl Peter
id: EB352CD2-F68A-11E9-89C5-A432E6697425
last_name: Goodrich
orcid: 0000-0002-1307-5074
title: Towards designer materials using customizable particle shape
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9418'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Deep learning is best known for its empirical success across a wide range
of applications\r\nspanning computer vision, natural language processing and speech.
Of equal significance,\r\nthough perhaps less known, are its ramifications for
learning theory: deep networks have\r\nbeen observed to perform surprisingly well
in the high-capacity regime, aka the overfitting\r\nor underspecified regime.
Classically, this regime on the far right of the bias-variance curve\r\nis associated
with poor generalisation; however, recent experiments with deep networks\r\nchallenge
this view.\r\n\r\nThis thesis is devoted to investigating various aspects of underspecification
in deep learning.\r\nFirst, we argue that deep learning models are underspecified
on two levels: a) any given\r\ntraining dataset can be fit by many different functions,
and b) any given function can be\r\nexpressed by many different parameter configurations.
We refer to the second kind of\r\nunderspecification as parameterisation redundancy
and we precisely characterise its extent.\r\nSecond, we characterise the implicit
criteria (the inductive bias) that guide learning in the\r\nunderspecified regime.
Specifically, we consider a nonlinear but tractable classification\r\nsetting,
and show that given the choice, neural networks learn classifiers with a large
margin.\r\nThird, we consider learning scenarios where the inductive bias is not
by itself sufficient to\r\ndeal with underspecification. We then study different
ways of ‘tightening the specification’: i)\r\nIn the setting of representation
learning with variational autoencoders, we propose a hand-\r\ncrafted regulariser
based on mutual information. ii) In the setting of binary classification, we\r\nconsider
soft-label (real-valued) supervision. We derive a generalisation bound for linear\r\nnetworks
supervised in this way and verify that soft labels facilitate fast learning. Finally,
we\r\nexplore an application of soft-label supervision to the training of multi-exit
models."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: CampIT
- _id: E-Lib
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Phuong
full_name: Bui Thi Mai, Phuong
id: 3EC6EE64-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bui Thi Mai
citation:
ama: Phuong M. Underspecification in deep learning. 2021. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418
apa: Phuong, M. (2021). Underspecification in deep learning. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418
chicago: Phuong, Mary. “Underspecification in Deep Learning.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418.
ieee: M. Phuong, “Underspecification in deep learning,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Phuong M. 2021. Underspecification in deep learning. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Phuong, Mary. Underspecification in Deep Learning. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418.
short: M. Phuong, Underspecification in Deep Learning, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-05-24T13:06:23Z
date_published: 2021-05-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-08T11:11:12Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: ChLa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418
file:
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checksum: 4f0abe64114cfed264f9d36e8d1197e3
content_type: application/pdf
creator: bphuong
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date_updated: 2021-05-24T11:22:29Z
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date_updated: 2021-05-24T11:56:02Z
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language:
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month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '125'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7435'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: deleted
- id: '7481'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9416'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7479'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Underspecification in deep learning
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10199'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The design and verification of concurrent systems remains an open challenge
due to the non-determinism that arises from the inter-process communication. In
particular, concurrent programs are notoriously difficult both to be written correctly
and to be analyzed formally, as complex thread interaction has to be accounted
for. The difficulties are further exacerbated when concurrent programs get executed
on modern-day hardware, which contains various buffering and caching mechanisms
for efficiency reasons. This causes further subtle non-determinism, which can
often produce very unintuitive behavior of the concurrent programs. Model checking
is at the forefront of tackling the verification problem, where the task is to
decide, given as input a concurrent system and a desired property, whether the
system satisfies the property. The inherent state-space explosion problem in model
checking of concurrent systems causes naïve explicit methods not to scale, thus
more inventive methods are required. One such method is stateless model checking
(SMC), which explores in memory-efficient manner the program executions rather
than the states of the program. State-of-the-art SMC is typically coupled with
partial order reduction (POR) techniques, which argue that certain executions
provably produce identical system behavior, thus limiting the amount of executions
one needs to explore in order to cover all possible behaviors. Another method
to tackle the state-space explosion is symbolic model checking, where the considered
techniques operate on a succinct implicit representation of the input system rather
than explicitly accessing the system. In this thesis we present new techniques
for verification of concurrent systems. We present several novel POR methods for
SMC of concurrent programs under various models of semantics, some of which account
for write-buffering mechanisms. Additionally, we present novel algorithms for
symbolic model checking of finite-state concurrent systems, where the desired
property of the systems is to ensure a formally defined notion of fairness.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Viktor
full_name: Toman, Viktor
id: 3AF3DA7C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Toman
orcid: 0000-0001-9036-063X
citation:
ama: Toman V. Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10199
apa: Toman, V. (2021). Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10199
chicago: Toman, Viktor. “Improved Verification Techniques for Concurrent Systems.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10199.
ieee: V. Toman, “Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Toman V. 2021. Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Toman, Viktor. Improved Verification Techniques for Concurrent Systems.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10199.
short: V. Toman, Improved Verification Techniques for Concurrent Systems, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-10-29T20:09:01Z
date_published: 2021-10-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T09:59:54Z
day: '31'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10199
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: 4f412a1ee60952221b499a4b1268df35
content_type: application/pdf
creator: vtoman
date_created: 2021-11-08T14:12:22Z
date_updated: 2021-11-08T14:12:22Z
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file_size: 2915234
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content_type: application/zip
creator: vtoman
date_created: 2021-11-08T14:12:46Z
date_updated: 2021-11-09T09:00:50Z
file_id: '10226'
file_name: toman_thesis.zip
file_size: 8616056
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-11-09T09:00:50Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- concurrency
- verification
- model checking
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '166'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11402-N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '863818'
name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10190'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10191'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9987'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '141'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
title: Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10035'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Many security definitions come in two flavors: a stronger “adaptive” flavor,
where the adversary can arbitrarily make various choices during the course of
the attack, and a weaker “selective” flavor where the adversary must commit to
some or all of their choices a-priori. For example, in the context of identity-based
encryption, selective security requires the adversary to decide on the identity
of the attacked party at the very beginning of the game whereas adaptive security
allows the attacker to first see the master public key and some secret keys before
making this choice. Often, it appears to be much easier to achieve selective security
than it is to achieve adaptive security. A series of several recent works shows
how to cleverly achieve adaptive security in several such scenarios including
generalized selective decryption [Pan07][FJP15], constrained PRFs [FKPR14], and
Yao’s garbled circuits [JW16]. Although the above works expressed vague intuition
that they share a common technique, the connection was never made precise. In
this work we present a new framework (published at Crypto ’17 [JKK+17a]) that
connects all of these works and allows us to present them in a unified and simplified
fashion. Having the framework in place, we show how to achieve adaptive security
for proxy re-encryption schemes (published at PKC ’19 [FKKP19]) and provide the
first adaptive security proofs for continuous group key agreement protocols (published
at S&P ’21 [KPW+21]). Questioning optimality of our framework, we then show that
currently used proof techniques cannot lead to significantly better security guarantees
for "graph-building" games (published at TCC ’21 [KKPW21a]). These games cover
generalized selective decryption, as well as the security of prominent constructions
for constrained PRFs, continuous group key agreement, and proxy re-encryption.
Finally, we revisit the adaptive security of Yao’s garbled circuits and extend
the analysis of Jafargholi and Wichs in two directions: While they prove adaptive
security only for a modified construction with increased online complexity, we
provide the first positive results for the original construction by Yao (published
at TCC ’21 [KKP21a]). On the negative side, we prove that the results of Jafargholi
and Wichs are essentially optimal by showing that no black-box reduction can provide
a significantly better security bound (published at Crypto ’21 [KKPW21c]).'
acknowledgement: "I want to acknowledge the funding by the European Research Council
(ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
(682815 - TOCNeT).\r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Karen
full_name: Klein, Karen
id: 3E83A2F8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Klein
citation:
ama: Klein K. On the adaptive security of graph-based games. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10035
apa: Klein, K. (2021). On the adaptive security of graph-based games. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10035
chicago: Klein, Karen. “On the Adaptive Security of Graph-Based Games.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10035.
ieee: K. Klein, “On the adaptive security of graph-based games,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Klein K. 2021. On the adaptive security of graph-based games. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Klein, Karen. On the Adaptive Security of Graph-Based Games. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10035.
short: K. Klein, On the Adaptive Security of Graph-Based Games, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-23T07:31:44Z
date_published: 2021-09-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-17T09:24:07Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '519'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: KrPi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10035
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: 73a44345c683e81f3e765efbf86fdcc5
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-10-04T12:22:33Z
date_updated: 2021-10-04T12:22:33Z
file_id: '10082'
file_name: thesis_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 2104726
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 7b80df30a0e686c3ef6a56d4e1c59e29
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-10-05T07:04:37Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:15:18Z
file_id: '10085'
file_name: thesis_final (1).zip
file_size: 9538359
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:15:18Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '276'
project:
- _id: 258AA5B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '682815'
name: Teaching Old Crypto New Tricks
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10044'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10049'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '637'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10041'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6430'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10048'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krzysztof Z
full_name: Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z
id: 3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pietrzak
orcid: 0000-0002-9139-1654
title: On the adaptive security of graph-based games
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10429'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The scalability of concurrent data structures and distributed algorithms
strongly depends on\r\nreducing the contention for shared resources and the costs
of synchronization and communication. We show how such cost reductions can be
attained by relaxing the strict consistency conditions required by sequential
implementations. In the first part of the thesis, we consider relaxation in the
context of concurrent data structures. Specifically, in data structures \r\nsuch
as priority queues, imposing strong semantics renders scalability impossible,
since a correct implementation of the remove operation should return only the
element with highest priority. Intuitively, attempting to invoke remove operations
concurrently creates a race condition. This bottleneck can be circumvented by
relaxing semantics of the affected data structure, thus allowing removal of the
elements which are no longer required to have the highest priority. We prove that
the randomized implementations of relaxed data structures provide provable guarantees
on the priority of the removed elements even under concurrency. Additionally,
we show that in some cases the relaxed data structures can be used to scale the
classical algorithms which are usually implemented with the exact ones. In the
second part, we study parallel variants of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD)
algorithm, which distribute computation among the multiple processors, thus reducing
the running time. Unfortunately, in order for standard parallel SGD to succeed,
each processor has to maintain a local copy of the necessary model parameter,
which is identical to the local copies of other processors; the overheads from
this perfect consistency in terms of communication and synchronization can negate
the speedup gained by distributing the computation. We show that the consistency
conditions required by SGD can be relaxed, allowing the algorithm to be more
flexible in terms of tolerating quantized communication, asynchrony, or even crash
faults, while its convergence remains asymptotically the same."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Giorgi
full_name: Nadiradze, Giorgi
id: 3279A00C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Nadiradze
orcid: 0000-0001-5634-0731
citation:
ama: Nadiradze G. On achieving scalability through relaxation. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10429
apa: Nadiradze, G. (2021). On achieving scalability through relaxation. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10429
chicago: Nadiradze, Giorgi. “On Achieving Scalability through Relaxation.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10429.
ieee: G. Nadiradze, “On achieving scalability through relaxation,” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Nadiradze G. 2021. On achieving scalability through relaxation. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Nadiradze, Giorgi. On Achieving Scalability through Relaxation. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10429.
short: G. Nadiradze, On Achieving Scalability through Relaxation, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-12-08T21:52:28Z
date_published: 2021-12-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-17T11:48:55Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaAl
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10429
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6bf14e9a523387328f016c0689f5e10e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: gnadirad
date_created: 2021-12-09T17:47:49Z
date_updated: 2021-12-09T17:47:49Z
file_id: '10436'
file_name: Thesis_Final_09_12_2021.pdf
file_size: 2370859
relation: main_file
success: 1
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checksum: 914d6c5ca86bd0add471971a8f4c4341
content_type: application/zip
creator: gnadirad
date_created: 2021-12-09T17:47:49Z
date_updated: 2022-03-28T12:55:12Z
file_id: '10437'
file_name: Thesis_Final_09_12_2021.zip
file_size: 2596924
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-28T12:55:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '132'
project:
- _id: 268A44D6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '805223'
name: Elastic Coordination for Scalable Machine Learning
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10432'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6673'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '5965'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10435'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alistarh
orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
title: On achieving scalability through relaxation
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9733'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: This thesis is the result of the research carried out by the author during
his PhD at IST Austria between 2017 and 2021. It mainly focuses on the Fröhlich
polaron model, specifically to its regime of strong coupling. This model, which
is rigorously introduced and discussed in the introduction, has been of great
interest in condensed matter physics and field theory for more than eighty years.
It is used to describe an electron interacting with the atoms of a solid material
(the strength of this interaction is modeled by the presence of a coupling constant
α in the Hamiltonian of the system). The particular regime examined here, which
is mathematically described by considering the limit α →∞, displays many interesting
features related to the emergence of classical behavior, which allows for a simplified
effective description of the system under analysis. The properties, the range
of validity and a quantitative analysis of the precision of such classical approximations
are the main object of the present work. We specify our investigation to the study
of the ground state energy of the system, its dynamics and its effective mass.
For each of these problems, we provide in the introduction an overview of the
previously known results and a detailed account of the original contributions
by the author.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dario
full_name: Feliciangeli, Dario
id: 41A639AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Feliciangeli
orcid: 0000-0003-0754-8530
citation:
ama: Feliciangeli D. The polaron at strong coupling. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9733
apa: Feliciangeli, D. (2021). The polaron at strong coupling. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9733
chicago: Feliciangeli, Dario. “The Polaron at Strong Coupling.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9733.
ieee: D. Feliciangeli, “The polaron at strong coupling,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Feliciangeli D. 2021. The polaron at strong coupling. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Feliciangeli, Dario. The Polaron at Strong Coupling. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9733.
short: D. Feliciangeli, The Polaron at Strong Coupling, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-07-27T15:48:30Z
date_published: 2021-08-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-06T12:30:44Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '515'
- '519'
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: RoSe
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9733
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: e88bb8ca43948abe060eb2d2fa719881
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dfelicia
date_created: 2021-08-19T14:03:48Z
date_updated: 2021-09-06T09:28:56Z
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creator: dfelicia
date_created: 2021-08-19T14:06:35Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:13:57Z
file_id: '9945'
file_name: thesis.7z
file_size: 3771669
relation: source_file
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has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '180'
project:
- _id: 256E75B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '716117'
name: Optimal Transport and Stochastic Dynamics
- _id: 25C6DC12-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '694227'
name: Analysis of quantum many-body systems
- _id: fc31cba2-9c52-11eb-aca3-ff467d239cd2
grant_number: F6504
name: Taming Complexity in Partial Differential Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9787'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9792'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9225'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9781'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9791'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Seiringer, Robert
id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Seiringer
orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Maas, Jan
id: 4C5696CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Maas
orcid: 0000-0002-0845-1338
title: The polaron at strong coupling
tmp:
image: /image/cc_by_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9992'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Blood – this is what animals use to heal wounds fast and efficient. Plants
do not have blood circulation and their cells cannot move. However, plants have
evolved remarkable capacities to regenerate tissues and organs preventing further
damage. In my PhD research, I studied the wound healing in the Arabidopsis root.
I used a UV laser to ablate single cells in the root tip and observed the consequent
wound healing. Interestingly, the inner adjacent cells induced a\r\ndivision plane
switch and subsequently adopted the cell type of the killed cell to replace it.
We termed this form of wound healing “restorative divisions”. This initial observation
triggered the questions of my PhD studies: How and why do cells orient their division
planes, how do they feel the wound and why does this happen only in inner adjacent
cells.\r\nFor answering these questions, I used a quite simple experimental setup:
5 day - old seedlings were stained with propidium iodide to visualize cell walls
and dead cells; ablation was carried out using a special laser cutter and a confocal
microscope. Adaptation of the novel vertical microscope system made it possible
to observe wounds in real time. This revealed that restorative divisions occur
at increased frequency compared to normal divisions. Additionally,\r\nthe major
plant hormone auxin accumulates in wound adjacent cells and drives the expression
of the wound-stress responsive transcription factor ERF115. Using this as a marker
gene for wound responses, we found that an important part of wound signalling
is the sensing of the collapse of the ablated cell. The collapse causes a radical
pressure drop, which results in strong tissue deformations. These deformations
manifest in an invasion of the now free spot specifically by the inner adjacent
cells within seconds, probably because of higher pressure of the inner tissues.
Long-term imaging revealed that those deformed cells continuously expand towards
the wound hole and that this is crucial for the restorative division. These wound-expanding
cells exhibit an abnormal, biphasic polarity of microtubule arrays\r\nbefore the
division. Experiments inhibiting cell expansion suggest that it is the biphasic
stretching that induces those MT arrays. Adapting the micromanipulator aspiration
system from animal scientists at our institute confirmed the hypothesis that stretching
influences microtubule stability. In conclusion, this shows that microtubules
react to tissue deformation\r\nand this facilitates the observed division plane
switch. This puts mechanical cues and tensions at the most prominent position
for explaining the growth and wound healing properties of plants. Hence, it shines
light onto the importance of understanding mechanical signal transduction. "
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Hörmayer, Lukas
id: 2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hörmayer
orcid: 0000-0001-8295-2926
citation:
ama: Hörmayer L. Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9992
apa: Hörmayer, L. (2021). Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9992
chicago: Hörmayer, Lukas. “Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9992.
ieee: L. Hörmayer, “Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem,” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Hörmayer L. 2021. Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Hörmayer, Lukas. Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9992.
short: L. Hörmayer, Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem, Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-09T07:37:20Z
date_published: 2021-09-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:38:33Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '575'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9992
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: c763064adaa720e16066c1a4f9682bbb
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: lhoermaye
date_created: 2021-09-09T07:29:48Z
date_updated: 2021-09-15T22:30:26Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '9993'
file_name: Thesis_vupload.docx
file_size: 25179004
relation: source_file
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checksum: 53911b06e93d7cdbbf4c7f4c162fa70f
content_type: application/pdf
creator: lhoermaye
date_created: 2021-09-09T14:25:08Z
date_updated: 2021-09-15T22:30:26Z
embargo: 2021-09-09
file_id: '9996'
file_name: Thesis_vfinal_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 6246900
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-09-15T22:30:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '168'
project:
- _id: 262EF96E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P29988
name: RNA-directed DNA methylation in plant development
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '742985'
name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6351'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6943'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8002'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
title: Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem
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image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9623'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Cytoplasmic reorganizations are essential for morphogenesis. In large cells
like oocytes, these reorganizations become crucial in patterning the oocyte for
later stages of embryonic development. Ascidians oocytes reorganize their cytoplasm
(ooplasm) in a spectacular manner. Ooplasmic reorganization is initiated at fertilization
with the contraction of the actomyosin cortex along the animal-vegetal axis of
the oocyte, driving the accumulation of cortical endoplasmic reticulum (cER),
maternal mRNAs associated to it and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer – the
myoplasm – in a region of the vegetal pole termed contraction pole (CP). Here
we have used the species Phallusia mammillata to investigate the changes in cell
shape that accompany these reorganizations and the mechanochemical mechanisms
underlining CP formation.\r\nWe report that the length of the animal-vegetal (AV)
axis oscillates upon fertilization: it first undergoes a cycle of fast elongation-lengthening
followed by a slow expansion of mainly the vegetal pole (VP) of the cell. We show
that the fast oscillation corresponds to a dynamic polarization of the actin cortex
as a result of a fertilization-induced increase in cortical tension in the oocyte
that triggers a rupture of the cortex at the animal pole and the establishment
of vegetal-directed cortical flows. These flows are responsible for the vegetal
accumulation of actin causing the VP to flatten. \r\nWe find that the slow expansion
of the VP, leading to CP formation, correlates with a relaxation of the vegetal
cortex and that the myoplasm plays a role in the expansion. We show that the myoplasm
is a solid-like layer that buckles under compression forces arising from the contracting
actin cortex at the VP. Straightening of the myoplasm when actin flows stops,
facilitates the expansion of the VP and the CP. Altogether, our results present
a previously unrecognized role for the myoplasm in ascidian ooplasmic segregation.
\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Silvia
full_name: Caballero Mancebo, Silvia
id: 2F1E1758-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Caballero Mancebo
orcid: 0000-0002-5223-3346
citation:
ama: Caballero Mancebo S. Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled by the
actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes. 2021.
doi:10.15479/at:ista:9623
apa: Caballero Mancebo, S. (2021). Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled
by the actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9623
chicago: Caballero Mancebo, Silvia. “Fertilization-Induced Deformations Are Controlled
by the Actin Cortex and a Mitochondria-Rich Subcortical Layer in Ascidian Oocytes.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9623.
ieee: S. Caballero Mancebo, “Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled by
the actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Caballero Mancebo S. 2021. Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled
by the actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Caballero Mancebo, Silvia. Fertilization-Induced Deformations Are Controlled
by the Actin Cortex and a Mitochondria-Rich Subcortical Layer in Ascidian Oocytes.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9623.
short: S. Caballero Mancebo, Fertilization-Induced Deformations Are Controlled by
the Actin Cortex and a Mitochondria-Rich Subcortical Layer in Ascidian Oocytes,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-07-01T14:50:17Z
date_published: 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:33:27Z
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: CaHe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9623
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date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:06Z
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file_name: PhDThesis_SCM.pdf
file_size: 17094958
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file_date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:06Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '111'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-012-1
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9750'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9006'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Heisenberg
orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
title: Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled by the actin cortex and a
mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10058'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Quantum information and computation has become a vast field paved with opportunities
for researchers and investors. As large multinational companies and international
funds are heavily investing in quantum technologies it is still a question which
platform is best suited for the task of realizing a scalable quantum processor.
In this work we investigate hole spins in Ge quantum wells. These hold great promise
as they possess several favorable properties: a small effective mass, a strong
spin-orbit coupling, long relaxation time and an inherent immunity to hyperfine
noise. All these characteristics helped Ge hole spin qubits to evolve from a single
qubit to a fully entangled four qubit processor in only 3 years. Here, we investigated
a qubit approach leveraging the large out-of-plane g-factors of heavy hole states
in Ge quantum dots. We found this qubit to be reproducibly operable at extremely
low magnetic field and at large speeds while maintaining coherence. This was possible
because large differences of g-factors in adjacent dots can be achieved in the
out-of-plane direction. In the in-plane direction the small g-factors, on the
other hand, can be altered very effectively by the confinement potentials. Here,
we found that this can even lead to a sign change of the g-factors. The resulting
g-factor difference alters the dynamics of the system drastically and produces
effects typically attributed to a spin-orbit induced spin-flip term. The investigations
carried out in this thesis give further insights into the possibilities of holes
in Ge and reveal new physical properties that need to be considered when designing
future spin qubit experiments.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: The author gratefully acknowledges support by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF), grants No P30207, and the Nomis foundation.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jirovec
orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
citation:
ama: Jirovec D. Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional
Ge hole gases. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10058
apa: Jirovec, D. (2021). Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in
2-dimensional Ge hole gases. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10058
chicago: Jirovec, Daniel. “Singlet-Triplet Qubits and Spin-Orbit Interaction in
2-Dimensional Ge Hole Gases.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10058.
ieee: D. Jirovec, “Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional
Ge hole gases,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Jirovec D. 2021. Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional
Ge hole gases. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Jirovec, Daniel. Singlet-Triplet Qubits and Spin-Orbit Interaction in 2-Dimensional
Ge Hole Gases. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10058.
short: D. Jirovec, Singlet-Triplet Qubits and Spin-Orbit Interaction in 2-Dimensional
Ge Hole Gases, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-30T07:53:49Z
date_published: 2021-10-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-08T11:41:08Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '621'
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10058
file:
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checksum: ad6bcb24083ed7c02baaf1885c9ea3d5
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date_created: 2021-09-30T14:29:14Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:07Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10061'
file_name: PHD_Thesis_Jirovec_Source.zip
file_size: 32397600
relation: source_file
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checksum: 5fbe08d4f66d1153e04c47971538fae8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: djirovec
date_created: 2021-10-05T07:56:49Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:07Z
embargo: 2022-10-06
file_id: '10087'
file_name: PHD_Thesis_pdfa2b_1.pdf
file_size: 26910829
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- qubits
- quantum computing
- holes
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '151'
project:
- _id: 2641CE5E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P30207
name: Hole spin orbit qubits in Ge quantum wells
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8831'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10065'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10066'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8909'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '5816'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional Ge hole
gases
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...