---
_id: '10654'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Directed percolation (DP) has recently emerged as a possible solution to
the century old puzzle surrounding the transition to turbulence. Multiple model
studies reported DP exponents, however, experimental evidence is limited since
the largest possible observation times are orders of magnitude shorter than the
flows’ characteristic timescales. An exception is cylindrical Couette flow where
the limit is not temporal, but rather the realizable system size. We present experiments
in a Couette setup of unprecedented azimuthal and axial aspect ratios. Approaching
the critical point to within less than 0.1% we determine five critical exponents,
all of which are in excellent agreement with the 2+1D DP universality class. The
complex dynamics encountered at \r\nthe onset of turbulence can hence be fully
rationalized within the framework of statistical mechanics."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: "We thank T.Menner, T.Asenov, P. Maier and the Miba machine shop
of IST Austria for their valuable support in all technical aspects. We thank Marc
Avila for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the
Simons Foundation (662960, B.H.). We acknowledge the European Research Council under
the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement
306589 for financial support. K.A.\r\nacknowledges funding from the Central Research
Development Fund of the University of Bremen, grant number ZF04B /2019/FB04 Avila
Kerstin (”Independent Project for Postdocs”). L.K. was supported by the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie
grant agreement No. 754411.\r\n"
article_number: '014502'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lukasz
full_name: Klotz, Lukasz
id: 2C9AF1C2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Klotz
orcid: 0000-0003-1740-7635
- first_name: Grégoire M
full_name: Lemoult, Grégoire M
id: 4787FE80-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemoult
- first_name: Kerstin
full_name: Avila, Kerstin
last_name: Avila
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Klotz L, Lemoult GM, Avila K, Hof B. Phase transition to turbulence in spatially
extended shear flows. Physical Review Letters. 2022;128(1). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.014502
apa: Klotz, L., Lemoult, G. M., Avila, K., & Hof, B. (2022). Phase transition
to turbulence in spatially extended shear flows. Physical Review Letters.
American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.014502
chicago: Klotz, Lukasz, Grégoire M Lemoult, Kerstin Avila, and Björn Hof. “Phase
Transition to Turbulence in Spatially Extended Shear Flows.” Physical Review
Letters. American Physical Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.014502.
ieee: L. Klotz, G. M. Lemoult, K. Avila, and B. Hof, “Phase transition to turbulence
in spatially extended shear flows,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 128,
no. 1. American Physical Society, 2022.
ista: Klotz L, Lemoult GM, Avila K, Hof B. 2022. Phase transition to turbulence
in spatially extended shear flows. Physical Review Letters. 128(1), 014502.
mla: Klotz, Lukasz, et al. “Phase Transition to Turbulence in Spatially Extended
Shear Flows.” Physical Review Letters, vol. 128, no. 1, 014502, American
Physical Society, 2022, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.014502.
short: L. Klotz, G.M. Lemoult, K. Avila, B. Hof, Physical Review Letters 128 (2022).
date_created: 2022-01-23T23:01:28Z
date_published: 2022-01-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-02T13:59:19Z
day: '05'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.014502
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2111.14894'
isi:
- '000748271700010'
pmid:
- '35061458'
intvolume: ' 128'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.14894
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '754411'
name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: 25152F3A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '306589'
name: Decoding the complexity of turbulence at its origin
- _id: 238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
grant_number: '662960'
name: 'Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics: Experimental
Studies on Transitional and Turbulent Flows'
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1079-7114
issn:
- 0031-9007
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Phase transition to turbulence in spatially extended shear flows
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 128
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '513'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We present an experimental setup that creates a shear flow with zero mean
advection velocity achieved by counterbalancing the nonzero streamwise pressure
gradient by moving boundaries, which generates plane Couette-Poiseuille flow.
We obtain experimental results in the transitional regime for this flow. Using
flow visualization, we characterize the subcritical transition to turbulence in
Couette-Poiseuille flow and show the existence of turbulent spots generated by
a permanent perturbation. Due to the zero mean advection velocity of the base
profile, these turbulent structures are nearly stationary. We distinguish two
regions of the turbulent spot: the active turbulent core, which is characterized
by waviness of the streaks similar to traveling waves, and the surrounding region,
which includes in addition the weak undisturbed streaks and oblique waves at the
laminar-turbulent interface. We also study the dependence of the size of these
two regions on Reynolds number. Finally, we show that the traveling waves move
in the downstream (Poiseuille) direction.'
article_number: '043904'
author:
- first_name: Lukasz
full_name: Klotz, Lukasz
id: 2C9AF1C2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Klotz
orcid: 0000-0003-1740-7635
- first_name: Grégoire M
full_name: Lemoult, Grégoire M
id: 4787FE80-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemoult
- first_name: Idalia
full_name: Frontczak, Idalia
last_name: Frontczak
- first_name: Laurette
full_name: Tuckerman, Laurette
last_name: Tuckerman
- first_name: José
full_name: Wesfreid, José
last_name: Wesfreid
citation:
ama: 'Klotz L, Lemoult GM, Frontczak I, Tuckerman L, Wesfreid J. Couette-Poiseuille
flow experiment with zero mean advection velocity: Subcritical transition to turbulence.
Physical Review Fluids. 2017;2(4). doi:10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.043904'
apa: 'Klotz, L., Lemoult, G. M., Frontczak, I., Tuckerman, L., & Wesfreid, J.
(2017). Couette-Poiseuille flow experiment with zero mean advection velocity:
Subcritical transition to turbulence. Physical Review Fluids. American
Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.043904'
chicago: 'Klotz, Lukasz, Grégoire M Lemoult, Idalia Frontczak, Laurette Tuckerman,
and José Wesfreid. “Couette-Poiseuille Flow Experiment with Zero Mean Advection
Velocity: Subcritical Transition to Turbulence.” Physical Review Fluids.
American Physical Society, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.043904.'
ieee: 'L. Klotz, G. M. Lemoult, I. Frontczak, L. Tuckerman, and J. Wesfreid, “Couette-Poiseuille
flow experiment with zero mean advection velocity: Subcritical transition to turbulence,”
Physical Review Fluids, vol. 2, no. 4. American Physical Society, 2017.'
ista: 'Klotz L, Lemoult GM, Frontczak I, Tuckerman L, Wesfreid J. 2017. Couette-Poiseuille
flow experiment with zero mean advection velocity: Subcritical transition to turbulence.
Physical Review Fluids. 2(4), 043904.'
mla: 'Klotz, Lukasz, et al. “Couette-Poiseuille Flow Experiment with Zero Mean Advection
Velocity: Subcritical Transition to Turbulence.” Physical Review Fluids,
vol. 2, no. 4, 043904, American Physical Society, 2017, doi:10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.043904.'
short: L. Klotz, G.M. Lemoult, I. Frontczak, L. Tuckerman, J. Wesfreid, Physical
Review Fluids 2 (2017).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:54Z
date_published: 2017-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:01:16Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.043904
intvolume: ' 2'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.02619
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Physical Review Fluids
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '7306'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: 'Couette-Poiseuille flow experiment with zero mean advection velocity: Subcritical
transition to turbulence'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 2
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '1494'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Turbulence is one of the most frequently encountered non-equilibrium phenomena
in nature, yet characterizing the transition that gives rise to turbulence in
basic shear flows has remained an elusive task. Although, in recent studies, critical
points marking the onset of sustained turbulence have been determined for several
such flows, the physical nature of the transition could not be fully explained.
In extensive experimental and computational studies we show for the example of
Couette flow that the onset of turbulence is a second-order phase transition and
falls into the directed percolation universality class. Consequently, the complex
laminar–turbulent patterns distinctive for the onset of turbulence in shear flows
result from short-range interactions of turbulent domains and are characterized
by universal critical exponents. More generally, our study demonstrates that even
high-dimensional systems far from equilibrium such as turbulence exhibit universality
at onset and that here the collective dynamics obeys simple rules.
acknowledgement: We thank P. Maier for providing valuable ideas and supporting us
in the technical aspects. Discussions with D. Barkley, Y. Duguet, B. Eckhart, N.
Goldenfeld, P. Manneville and K. Takeuchi are gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge
the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Project No. FOR 1182), and the European Research
Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC
Grant Agreement 306589 for financial support. L.S. and B.H. acknowledge research
funding by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Grant No. SFB 963/1 (project
A8). Numerical simulations were performed thanks to the CPU time allocations of
JUROPA in Juelich Supercomputing Center (project HGU17) and of the Max Planck Computing
and Data Facility (Garching, Germany). Excellent technical support from M. Rampp
on the hybrid code nsCouette is appreciated.
author:
- first_name: Grégoire M
full_name: Lemoult, Grégoire M
id: 4787FE80-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemoult
- first_name: Liang
full_name: Shi, Liang
id: 374A3F1A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shi
- first_name: Kerstin
full_name: Avila, Kerstin
last_name: Avila
- first_name: Shreyas V
full_name: Jalikop, Shreyas V
id: 44A1D772-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jalikop
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Avila, Marc
last_name: Avila
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Lemoult GM, Shi L, Avila K, Jalikop SV, Avila M, Hof B. Directed percolation
phase transition to sustained turbulence in Couette flow. Nature Physics.
2016;12(3):254-258. doi:10.1038/nphys3675
apa: Lemoult, G. M., Shi, L., Avila, K., Jalikop, S. V., Avila, M., & Hof, B.
(2016). Directed percolation phase transition to sustained turbulence in Couette
flow. Nature Physics. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3675
chicago: Lemoult, Grégoire M, Liang Shi, Kerstin Avila, Shreyas V Jalikop, Marc
Avila, and Björn Hof. “Directed Percolation Phase Transition to Sustained Turbulence
in Couette Flow.” Nature Physics. Nature Publishing Group, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3675.
ieee: G. M. Lemoult, L. Shi, K. Avila, S. V. Jalikop, M. Avila, and B. Hof, “Directed
percolation phase transition to sustained turbulence in Couette flow,” Nature
Physics, vol. 12, no. 3. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 254–258, 2016.
ista: Lemoult GM, Shi L, Avila K, Jalikop SV, Avila M, Hof B. 2016. Directed percolation
phase transition to sustained turbulence in Couette flow. Nature Physics. 12(3),
254–258.
mla: Lemoult, Grégoire M., et al. “Directed Percolation Phase Transition to Sustained
Turbulence in Couette Flow.” Nature Physics, vol. 12, no. 3, Nature Publishing
Group, 2016, pp. 254–58, doi:10.1038/nphys3675.
short: G.M. Lemoult, L. Shi, K. Avila, S.V. Jalikop, M. Avila, B. Hof, Nature Physics
12 (2016) 254–258.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:52:21Z
date_published: 2016-02-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:51:08Z
day: '15'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1038/nphys3675
ec_funded: 1
intvolume: ' 12'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 254 - 258
project:
- _id: 25152F3A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '306589'
name: Decoding the complexity of turbulence at its origin
- _id: 2511D90C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: SFB 963 TP A8
name: Astrophysical instability of currents and turbulences
publication: Nature Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '5685'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Directed percolation phase transition to sustained turbulence in Couette flow
type: journal_article
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '1664'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Over a century of research into the origin of turbulence in wall-bounded shear
flows has resulted in a puzzling picture in which turbulence appears in a variety
of different states competing with laminar background flow. At moderate flow speeds,
turbulence is confined to localized patches; it is only at higher speeds that
the entire flow becomes turbulent. The origin of the different states encountered
during this transition, the front dynamics of the turbulent regions and the transformation
to full turbulence have yet to be explained. By combining experiments, theory
and computer simulations, here we uncover a bifurcation scenario that explains
the transformation to fully turbulent pipe flow and describe the front dynamics
of the different states encountered in the process. Key to resolving this problem
is the interpretation of the flow as a bistable system with nonlinear propagation
(advection) of turbulent fronts. These findings bridge the gap between our understanding
of the onset of turbulence and fully turbulent flows.
acknowledgement: We acknowledge the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Project No. FOR
1182), and the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework
Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement 306589 for financial support. B.S.
acknowledges financial support from the Chinese State Scholarship Fund under grant
number 2010629145. B.S. acknowledges support from the International Max Planck Research
School for the Physics of Biological and Complex Systems and the Göttingen Graduate
School for Neurosciences and Molecular Biosciences. We acknowledge computing resources
from GWDG (Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche Datenverarbeitung Göttingen) and the
Jülich Supercomputing Centre (grant HGU16) where the simulations were performed.
author:
- first_name: Dwight
full_name: Barkley, Dwight
last_name: Barkley
- first_name: Baofang
full_name: Song, Baofang
last_name: Song
- first_name: Mukund
full_name: Vasudevan, Mukund
id: 3C5A959A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vasudevan
- first_name: Grégoire M
full_name: Lemoult, Grégoire M
id: 4787FE80-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemoult
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Avila, Marc
last_name: Avila
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Barkley D, Song B, Vasudevan M, Lemoult GM, Avila M, Hof B. The rise of fully
turbulent flow. Nature. 2015;526(7574):550-553. doi:10.1038/nature15701
apa: Barkley, D., Song, B., Vasudevan, M., Lemoult, G. M., Avila, M., & Hof,
B. (2015). The rise of fully turbulent flow. Nature. Nature Publishing
Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15701
chicago: Barkley, Dwight, Baofang Song, Mukund Vasudevan, Grégoire M Lemoult, Marc
Avila, and Björn Hof. “The Rise of Fully Turbulent Flow.” Nature. Nature
Publishing Group, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15701.
ieee: D. Barkley, B. Song, M. Vasudevan, G. M. Lemoult, M. Avila, and B. Hof, “The
rise of fully turbulent flow,” Nature, vol. 526, no. 7574. Nature Publishing
Group, pp. 550–553, 2015.
ista: Barkley D, Song B, Vasudevan M, Lemoult GM, Avila M, Hof B. 2015. The rise
of fully turbulent flow. Nature. 526(7574), 550–553.
mla: Barkley, Dwight, et al. “The Rise of Fully Turbulent Flow.” Nature,
vol. 526, no. 7574, Nature Publishing Group, 2015, pp. 550–53, doi:10.1038/nature15701.
short: D. Barkley, B. Song, M. Vasudevan, G.M. Lemoult, M. Avila, B. Hof, Nature
526 (2015) 550–553.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:20Z
date_published: 2015-10-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:52:22Z
day: '21'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1038/nature15701
ec_funded: 1
intvolume: ' 526'
issue: '7574'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.09143
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 550 - 553
project:
- _id: 25152F3A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '306589'
name: Decoding the complexity of turbulence at its origin
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '5485'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: The rise of fully turbulent flow
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 526
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '1679'
article_number: '091102'
author:
- first_name: Grégoire M
full_name: Lemoult, Grégoire M
id: 4787FE80-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemoult
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Maier, Philipp
id: 384F7C04-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Maier
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Lemoult GM, Maier P, Hof B. Taylor’s Forest. Physics of Fluids. 2015;27(9).
doi:10.1063/1.4930850
apa: Lemoult, G. M., Maier, P., & Hof, B. (2015). Taylor’s Forest. Physics
of Fluids. American Institute of Physics. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930850
chicago: Lemoult, Grégoire M, Philipp Maier, and Björn Hof. “Taylor’s Forest.” Physics
of Fluids. American Institute of Physics, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930850.
ieee: G. M. Lemoult, P. Maier, and B. Hof, “Taylor’s Forest,” Physics of Fluids,
vol. 27, no. 9. American Institute of Physics, 2015.
ista: Lemoult GM, Maier P, Hof B. 2015. Taylor’s Forest. Physics of Fluids. 27(9),
091102.
mla: Lemoult, Grégoire M., et al. “Taylor’s Forest.” Physics of Fluids, vol.
27, no. 9, 091102, American Institute of Physics, 2015, doi:10.1063/1.4930850.
short: G.M. Lemoult, P. Maier, B. Hof, Physics of Fluids 27 (2015).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:26Z
date_published: 2015-09-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:52:28Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '532'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1063/1.4930850
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 604bba3c2496aadb3efcff77de01ce6c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T10:13:35Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:12Z
file_id: '5019'
file_name: IST-2017-748-v1+1_1.4930850.pdf
file_size: 872366
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 27'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Physics of Fluids
publication_status: published
publisher: American Institute of Physics
publist_id: '5469'
pubrep_id: '748'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Taylor's Forest
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 27
year: '2015'
...