---
_id: '6897'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The apical hook is a transiently formed structure that plays a protective
role when the germinating seedling penetrates through the soil towards the surface.
Crucial for proper bending is the local auxin maxima, which defines the concave
(inner) side of the hook curvature. As no sign of asymmetric auxin distribution
has been reported in embryonic hypocotyls prior to hook formation, the question
of how auxin asymmetry is established in the early phases of seedling germination
remains largely unanswered. Here, we analyzed the auxin distribution and expression
of PIN auxin efflux carriers from early phases of germination, and show that bending
of the root in response to gravity is the crucial initial cue that governs the
hypocotyl bending required for apical hook formation. Importantly, polar auxin
transport machinery is established gradually after germination starts as a result
of tight root-hypocotyl interaction and a proper balance between abscisic acid
and gibberellins.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: "We thank Jiri Friml and Phillip Brewer for inspiring discussion
and for help in preparing the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific
Service Units (SSU) of IST-Austria through resources provided by the Bioimaging
Facility\r\n(BIF), the Life Science Facility (LSF).\r\nThis work was supported by
grants from the European Research Council (Starting Independent Research Grant ERC-2007-Stg-
207362-HCPO to E.B.). J.P. and M.S. received funds from European Regional Development
Fund-Project ‘Centre for Experimental Plant Biology’ (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000738)."
article_number: dev175919
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Qiang
full_name: Zhu, Qiang
id: 40A4B9E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zhu
- first_name: Marçal
full_name: Gallemi, Marçal
id: 460C6802-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Gallemi
orcid: 0000-0003-4675-6893
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Pospíšil, Jiří
last_name: Pospíšil
- first_name: Petra
full_name: Žádníková, Petra
last_name: Žádníková
- first_name: Miroslav
full_name: Strnad, Miroslav
last_name: Strnad
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
ama: Zhu Q, Gallemi M, Pospíšil J, Žádníková P, Strnad M, Benková E. Root gravity
response module guides differential growth determining both root bending and apical
hook formation in Arabidopsis. Development. 2019;146(17). doi:10.1242/dev.175919
apa: Zhu, Q., Gallemi, M., Pospíšil, J., Žádníková, P., Strnad, M., & Benková,
E. (2019). Root gravity response module guides differential growth determining
both root bending and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis. Development.
The Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919
chicago: Zhu, Qiang, Marçal Gallemi, Jiří Pospíšil, Petra Žádníková, Miroslav Strnad,
and Eva Benková. “Root Gravity Response Module Guides Differential Growth Determining
Both Root Bending and Apical Hook Formation in Arabidopsis.” Development.
The Company of Biologists, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919.
ieee: Q. Zhu, M. Gallemi, J. Pospíšil, P. Žádníková, M. Strnad, and E. Benková,
“Root gravity response module guides differential growth determining both root
bending and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis,” Development, vol. 146,
no. 17. The Company of Biologists, 2019.
ista: Zhu Q, Gallemi M, Pospíšil J, Žádníková P, Strnad M, Benková E. 2019. Root
gravity response module guides differential growth determining both root bending
and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis. Development. 146(17), dev175919.
mla: Zhu, Qiang, et al. “Root Gravity Response Module Guides Differential Growth
Determining Both Root Bending and Apical Hook Formation in Arabidopsis.” Development,
vol. 146, no. 17, dev175919, The Company of Biologists, 2019, doi:10.1242/dev.175919.
short: Q. Zhu, M. Gallemi, J. Pospíšil, P. Žádníková, M. Strnad, E. Benková, Development
146 (2019).
date_created: 2019-09-22T22:00:36Z
date_published: 2019-09-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-30T06:19:04Z
day: '12'
department:
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.1242/dev.175919
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000486297400011'
pmid:
- '31391194'
intvolume: ' 146'
isi: 1
issue: '17'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 253FCA6A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '207362'
name: Hormonal cross-talk in plant organogenesis
publication: Development
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '14779129'
publication_status: published
publisher: The Company of Biologists
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Root gravity response module guides differential growth determining both root
bending and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 146
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '1210'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Mechanisms for cell protection are essential for survival of multicellular
organisms. In plants, the apical hook, which is transiently formed in darkness
when the germinating seedling penetrates towards the soil surface, plays such
protective role and shields the vitally important shoot apical meristem and cotyledons
from damage. The apical hook is formed by bending of the upper hypocotyl soon
after germination, and it is maintained in a closed stage while the hypocotyl
continues to penetrate through the soil and rapidly opens when exposed to light
in proximity of the soil surface. To uncover the complex molecular network orchestrating
this spatiotemporally tightly coordinated process, monitoring of the apical hook
development in real time is indispensable. Here we describe an imaging platform
that enables high-resolution kinetic analysis of this dynamic developmental process.
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017.
acknowledgement: "We thank Herman \r\nHöfte \r\n, Todor Asenov, Robert Hauschield,
and \r\nMarcal Gallemi for help with the establishment of the real-time
\ \r\nimaging platform and technical support. This work was supported \r\nby the
Czech Science Foundation (GA13-39982S) to Eva Benková. \r\nDominique Van Der
\ Straeten acknowledges the Research \r\nFoundation Flanders for fi\r\n
\ nancial support (G.0656.13N). Dajo \r\nSmet holds a PhD fellowship of the
Research Foundation Flanders. "
alternative_title:
- Methods in Molecular Biology
author:
- first_name: Qiang
full_name: Zhu, Qiang
id: 40A4B9E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zhu
- first_name: Petra
full_name: Žádníková, Petra
last_name: Žádníková
- first_name: Dajo
full_name: Smet, Dajo
last_name: Smet
- first_name: Dominique
full_name: Van Der Straeten, Dominique
last_name: Van Der Straeten
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
ama: 'Zhu Q, Žádníková P, Smet D, Van Der Straeten D, Benková E. Real time analysis
of the apical hook development. In: Plant Hormones. Vol 1497. Humana Press;
2016:1-8. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6469-7_1'
apa: Zhu, Q., Žádníková, P., Smet, D., Van Der Straeten, D., & Benková, E. (2016).
Real time analysis of the apical hook development. In Plant Hormones (Vol.
1497, pp. 1–8). Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6469-7_1
chicago: Zhu, Qiang, Petra Žádníková, Dajo Smet, Dominique Van Der Straeten, and
Eva Benková. “Real Time Analysis of the Apical Hook Development.” In Plant
Hormones, 1497:1–8. Humana Press, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6469-7_1.
ieee: Q. Zhu, P. Žádníková, D. Smet, D. Van Der Straeten, and E. Benková, “Real
time analysis of the apical hook development,” in Plant Hormones, vol.
1497, Humana Press, 2016, pp. 1–8.
ista: 'Zhu Q, Žádníková P, Smet D, Van Der Straeten D, Benková E. 2016.Real time
analysis of the apical hook development. In: Plant Hormones. Methods in Molecular
Biology, vol. 1497, 1–8.'
mla: Zhu, Qiang, et al. “Real Time Analysis of the Apical Hook Development.” Plant
Hormones, vol. 1497, Humana Press, 2016, pp. 1–8, doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6469-7_1.
short: Q. Zhu, P. Žádníková, D. Smet, D. Van Der Straeten, E. Benková, in:, Plant
Hormones, Humana Press, 2016, pp. 1–8.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:50:44Z
date_published: 2016-11-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:49:07Z
day: '19'
department:
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6469-7_1
intvolume: ' 1497'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 1 - 8
publication: Plant Hormones
publication_status: published
publisher: Humana Press
publist_id: '6135'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Real time analysis of the apical hook development
type: book_chapter
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 1497
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '1283'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The impact of the plant hormone ethylene on seedling development has long
been recognized; however, its ecophysiological relevance is unexplored. Three
recent studies demonstrate that ethylene is a critical endogenous integrator of
various environmental signals including mechanical stress, light, and oxygen availability
during seedling germination and growth through the soil.
acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF01_I1774S)
to E.B., the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2016J01099), and the
Fujian–Taiwan Joint Innovative Center for Germplasm Resources and Cultivation of
Crops (FJ 2011 Program, No 2015-75) to Q.Z. The\r\nauthors\r\nthank\r\nIsrael\r\nAusin\r\nand\r\nXu\r\nChen\r\nfor\r\ncritical\r\nreading\r\nof\r\nthe\r\nmanuscript."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Qiang
full_name: Zhu, Qiang
id: 40A4B9E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zhu
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
ama: Zhu Q, Benková E. Seedlings’ strategy to overcome a soil barrier. Trends
in Plant Science. 2016;21(10):809-811. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.003
apa: Zhu, Q., & Benková, E. (2016). Seedlings’ strategy to overcome a soil barrier.
Trends in Plant Science. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.003
chicago: Zhu, Qiang, and Eva Benková. “Seedlings’ Strategy to Overcome a Soil Barrier.”
Trends in Plant Science. Cell Press, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.003.
ieee: Q. Zhu and E. Benková, “Seedlings’ strategy to overcome a soil barrier,” Trends
in Plant Science, vol. 21, no. 10. Cell Press, pp. 809–811, 2016.
ista: Zhu Q, Benková E. 2016. Seedlings’ strategy to overcome a soil barrier. Trends
in Plant Science. 21(10), 809–811.
mla: Zhu, Qiang, and Eva Benková. “Seedlings’ Strategy to Overcome a Soil Barrier.”
Trends in Plant Science, vol. 21, no. 10, Cell Press, 2016, pp. 809–11,
doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.003.
short: Q. Zhu, E. Benková, Trends in Plant Science 21 (2016) 809–811.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:51:08Z
date_published: 2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:49:36Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '575'
department:
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.003
file:
- access_level: local
checksum: 4d569977fad7a7f22b7e3424003d2ab1
content_type: application/pdf
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T10:08:19Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:42Z
file_id: '4679'
file_name: IST-2018-1018-v1+1_Zhu_and_Benkova_TIPS_2016.pdf
file_size: 229094
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 21'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 809 - 811
project:
- _id: 2542D156-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: I 1774-B16
name: Hormone cross-talk drives nutrient dependent plant development
publication: Trends in Plant Science
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '6033'
pubrep_id: '1018'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Seedlings’ strategy to overcome a soil barrier
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 21
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '1593'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Plants are sessile organisms that are permanently restricted to their site
of germination. To compensate for their lack of mobility, plants evolved unique
mechanisms enabling them to rapidly react to ever changing environmental conditions
and flexibly adapt their postembryonic developmental program. A prominent demonstration
of this developmental plasticity is their ability to bend organs in order to reach
the position most optimal for growth and utilization of light, nutrients, and
other resources. Shortly after germination, dicotyledonous seedlings form a bended
structure, the so-called apical hook, to protect the delicate shoot meristem and
cotyledons from damage when penetrating through the soil. Upon perception of a
light stimulus, the apical hook rapidly opens and the photomorphogenic developmental
program is activated. After germination, plant organs are able to align their
growth with the light source and adopt the most favorable orientation through
bending, in a process named phototropism. On the other hand, when roots and shoots
are diverted from their upright orientation, they immediately detect a change
in the gravity vector and bend to maintain a vertical growth direction. Noteworthy,
despite the diversity of external stimuli perceived by different plant organs,
all plant tropic movements share a common mechanistic basis: differential cell
growth. In our review, we will discuss the molecular principles underlying various
tropic responses with the focus on mechanisms mediating the perception of external
signals, transduction cascades and downstream responses that regulate differential
cell growth and consequently, organ bending. In particular, we highlight common
and specific features of regulatory pathways in control of the bending of organs
and a role for the plant hormone auxin as a key regulatory component.'
author:
- first_name: Petra
full_name: Žádníková, Petra
last_name: Žádníková
- first_name: Dajo
full_name: Smet, Dajo
last_name: Smet
- first_name: Qiang
full_name: Zhu, Qiang
id: 40A4B9E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zhu
- first_name: Dominique
full_name: Van Der Straeten, Dominique
last_name: Van Der Straeten
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
ama: 'Žádníková P, Smet D, Zhu Q, Van Der Straeten D, Benková E. Strategies of seedlings
to overcome their sessile nature: Auxin in mobility control. Frontiers in Plant
Science. 2015;6(4). doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00218'
apa: 'Žádníková, P., Smet, D., Zhu, Q., Van Der Straeten, D., & Benková, E.
(2015). Strategies of seedlings to overcome their sessile nature: Auxin in mobility
control. Frontiers in Plant Science. Frontiers Research Foundation. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00218'
chicago: 'Žádníková, Petra, Dajo Smet, Qiang Zhu, Dominique Van Der Straeten, and
Eva Benková. “Strategies of Seedlings to Overcome Their Sessile Nature: Auxin
in Mobility Control.” Frontiers in Plant Science. Frontiers Research Foundation,
2015. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00218.'
ieee: 'P. Žádníková, D. Smet, Q. Zhu, D. Van Der Straeten, and E. Benková, “Strategies
of seedlings to overcome their sessile nature: Auxin in mobility control,” Frontiers
in Plant Science, vol. 6, no. 4. Frontiers Research Foundation, 2015.'
ista: 'Žádníková P, Smet D, Zhu Q, Van Der Straeten D, Benková E. 2015. Strategies
of seedlings to overcome their sessile nature: Auxin in mobility control. Frontiers
in Plant Science. 6(4).'
mla: 'Žádníková, Petra, et al. “Strategies of Seedlings to Overcome Their Sessile
Nature: Auxin in Mobility Control.” Frontiers in Plant Science, vol. 6,
no. 4, Frontiers Research Foundation, 2015, doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00218.'
short: P. Žádníková, D. Smet, Q. Zhu, D. Van Der Straeten, E. Benková, Frontiers
in Plant Science 6 (2015).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:52:55Z
date_published: 2015-04-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:51:50Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00218
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c454d642e18dfa86820b97a86cd6d3cc
content_type: application/pdf
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T10:15:23Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:03Z
file_id: '5142'
file_name: IST-2016-471-v1+1_fpls-06-00218.pdf
file_size: 965690
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 6'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 253FCA6A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '207362'
name: Hormonal cross-talk in plant organogenesis
publication: Frontiers in Plant Science
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
publist_id: '5578'
pubrep_id: '471'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: 'Strategies of seedlings to overcome their sessile nature: Auxin in mobility
control'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 6
year: '2015'
...