--- _id: '6658' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'New genes are a major source of novelties, and a disproportionate amount of them are known to show testis expression in later phases of male gametogenesis in different groups such as mammals and plants. Here, we propose that this enhanced expression is a consequence of haploid selection during the latter stages of male gametogenesis. Because emerging adaptive mutations will be fixed faster if their phenotypes are expressed by haploid rather than diploid genotypes, new genes with advantageous functions arising during this unique stage of development have a better chance to become fixed. To test this hypothesis, expression levels of genes of differing evolutionary age were examined at various stages of Drosophila spermatogenesis. We found, consistent with a model based on haploid selection, that new Drosophila genes are both expressed in later haploid phases of spermatogenesis and harbor a significant enrichment of adaptive mutations. Additionally, the observed overexpression of new genes in the latter phases of spermatogenesis was limited to the autosomes. Because all male cells exhibit hemizygous expression for X-linked genes (and therefore effectively haploid), there is no expectation that selection acting on late spermatogenesis will have a different effect on X-linked genes in comparison to initial diploid phases. Together, our proposed hypothesis and the analyzed data suggest that natural selection in haploid cells elucidates several aspects of the origin of new genes by explaining the general prevalence of their testis expression, and a parsimonious solution for new alleles to avoid being lost by genetic drift or pseudogenization. ' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Julia full_name: Raices, Julia id: 3EE67F22-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Raices - first_name: Paulo full_name: Otto, Paulo last_name: Otto - first_name: Maria full_name: Vibranovski, Maria last_name: Vibranovski citation: ama: Raices J, Otto P, Vibranovski M. Haploid selection drives new gene male germline expression. Genome Research. 2019;29(7):1115-1122. doi:10.1101/gr.238824.118 apa: Raices, J., Otto, P., & Vibranovski, M. (2019). Haploid selection drives new gene male germline expression. Genome Research. CSH Press. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.238824.118 chicago: Raices, Julia, Paulo Otto, and Maria Vibranovski. “Haploid Selection Drives New Gene Male Germline Expression.” Genome Research. CSH Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.238824.118. ieee: J. Raices, P. Otto, and M. Vibranovski, “Haploid selection drives new gene male germline expression,” Genome Research, vol. 29, no. 7. CSH Press, pp. 1115–1122, 2019. ista: Raices J, Otto P, Vibranovski M. 2019. Haploid selection drives new gene male germline expression. Genome Research. 29(7), 1115–1122. mla: Raices, Julia, et al. “Haploid Selection Drives New Gene Male Germline Expression.” Genome Research, vol. 29, no. 7, CSH Press, 2019, pp. 1115–22, doi:10.1101/gr.238824.118. short: J. Raices, P. Otto, M. Vibranovski, Genome Research 29 (2019) 1115–1122. date_created: 2019-07-21T21:59:15Z date_published: 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-29T06:35:05Z day: '01' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: BeVi doi: 10.1101/gr.238824.118 external_id: isi: - '000473730600007' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 4636f03a6750f90b88bf2bc3eb9d71ae content_type: application/pdf creator: apreinsp date_created: 2019-07-24T08:05:56Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:35Z file_id: '6670' file_name: 2019_GenomeResearch_Raices.pdf file_size: 2319022 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:35Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 29' isi: 1 issue: '7' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1115-1122 publication: Genome Research publication_status: published publisher: CSH Press quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Haploid selection drives new gene male germline expression tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) short: CC BY-NC (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 29 year: '2019' ...