---
_id: '11128'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Although we often see studies focusing on simple or even discrete traits
in studies of colouration,\r\nthe variation of “appearance” phenotypes found in
nature is often more complex, continuous\r\nand high-dimensional. Therefore, we
developed automated methods suitable for large datasets\r\nof genomes and images,
striving to account for their complex nature, while minimising human\r\nbias.
We used these methods on a dataset of more than 20, 000 plant SNP genomes and\r\ncorresponding
fower images from a hybrid zone of two subspecies of Antirrhinum majus with\r\ndistinctly
coloured fowers to improve our understanding of the genetic nature of the fower\r\ncolour
in our study system.\r\nFirstly, we use the advantage of large numbers of genotyped
plants to estimate the haplotypes in\r\nthe main fower colour regulating region.
We study colour- and geography-related characteristics\r\nof the estimated haplotypes
and how they connect to their relatedness. We show discrepancies\r\nfrom the expected
fower colour distributions given the genotype and identify particular\r\nhaplotypes
leading to unexpected phenotypes. We also confrm a signifcant defcit of the\r\ndouble
recessive recombinant and quite surprisingly, we show that haplotypes of the most\r\nfrequent
parental type are much less variable than others.\r\nSecondly, we introduce our
pipeline capable of processing tens of thousands of full fower\r\nimages without
human interaction and summarising each image into a set of informative scores.\r\nWe
show the compatibility of these machine-measured fower colour scores with the
previously\r\nused manual scores and study impact of external efect on the resulting
scores. Finally, we use\r\nthe machine-measured fower colour scores to ft and
examine a phenotype cline across the\r\nhybrid zone in Planoles using full fower
images as opposed to discrete, manual scores and\r\ncompare it with the genotypic
cline."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: Bio
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lenka
full_name: Matejovicova, Lenka
id: 2DFDEC72-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Matejovicova
citation:
ama: Matejovicova L. Genetic basis of flower colour as a model for adaptive evolution.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11128
apa: Matejovicova, L. (2022). Genetic basis of flower colour as a model for adaptive
evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11128
chicago: Matejovicova, Lenka. “Genetic Basis of Flower Colour as a Model for Adaptive
Evolution.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11128.
ieee: L. Matejovicova, “Genetic basis of flower colour as a model for adaptive evolution,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Matejovicova L. 2022. Genetic basis of flower colour as a model for adaptive
evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Matejovicova, Lenka. Genetic Basis of Flower Colour as a Model for Adaptive
Evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11128.
short: L. Matejovicova, Genetic Basis of Flower Colour as a Model for Adaptive Evolution,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-04-07T08:19:54Z
date_published: 2022-04-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-23T06:26:41Z
day: '06'
ddc:
- '576'
- '582'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11128
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e9609bc4e8f8e20146fc1125fd4f1bf7
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2022-04-07T08:11:34Z
date_updated: 2022-04-07T08:11:34Z
file_id: '11129'
file_name: LenkaPhD_Official_PDFA.pdf
file_size: 11906472
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 99d67040432fd07a225643a212ee8588
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2022-04-07T08:11:51Z
date_updated: 2022-04-07T08:11:51Z
file_id: '11130'
file_name: LenkaPhD Official_source.zip
file_size: 23036766
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-04-07T08:11:51Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '112'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-016-9
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
title: Genetic basis of flower colour as a model for adaptive evolution
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11945'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) respond to specific ligands and regulate
multiple processes ranging from cell growth and immune responses to neuronal signal
transmission. However, ligands for many GPCRs remain unknown, suffer from off-target
effects or have poor bioavailability. Additional challenges exist to dissect cell-type
specific responses when the same GPCR is expressed on several cell types within
the body. Here, we overcome these limitations by engineering DREADD-based GPCR
chimeras that selectively bind their agonist clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) and mimic
a GPCR-of-interest in a desired cell type.\r\nWe validated our approach with β2-adrenergic
receptor (β2AR/ADRB2) and show that our chimeric DREADD-β2AR triggers comparable
responses on second messenger and kinase activity, post-translational modifications,
and protein-protein interactions. Since β2AR is also enriched in microglia, which
can drive inflammation in the central nervous system, we expressed chimeric DREADD-β2AR
in primary microglia and successfully recapitulate β2AR-mediated filopodia formation
through CNO stimulation. To dissect the role of selected GPCRs during microglial
inflammation, we additionally generated DREADD-based chimeras for microglia-enriched
GPR65 and GPR109A/HCAR2. In a microglia cell line, DREADD-β2AR and DREADD-GPR65
both modulated the inflammatory response with a similar profile as endogenously
expressed β2AR, while DREADD-GPR109A showed no impact.\r\nOur DREADD-based approach
provides the means to obtain mechanistic and functional insights into GPCR signaling
on a cell-type specific level."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: PreCl
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rouven
full_name: Schulz, Rouven
id: 4C5E7B96-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schulz
orcid: 0000-0001-5297-733X
citation:
ama: Schulz R. Chimeric G protein-coupled receptors mimic distinct signaling pathways
and modulate microglia function. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11945
apa: Schulz, R. (2022). Chimeric G protein-coupled receptors mimic distinct signaling
pathways and modulate microglia function. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11945
chicago: Schulz, Rouven. “Chimeric G Protein-Coupled Receptors Mimic Distinct Signaling
Pathways and Modulate Microglia Function.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11945.
ieee: R. Schulz, “Chimeric G protein-coupled receptors mimic distinct signaling
pathways and modulate microglia function,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
ista: Schulz R. 2022. Chimeric G protein-coupled receptors mimic distinct signaling
pathways and modulate microglia function. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Schulz, Rouven. Chimeric G Protein-Coupled Receptors Mimic Distinct Signaling
Pathways and Modulate Microglia Function. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11945.
short: R. Schulz, Chimeric G Protein-Coupled Receptors Mimic Distinct Signaling
Pathways and Modulate Microglia Function, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-08-23T11:33:11Z
date_published: 2022-08-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-03T13:02:26Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: SaSi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11945
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 61b1b666a210ff7cdd0e95ea75207a13
content_type: application/pdf
creator: rschulz
date_created: 2022-08-25T08:59:57Z
date_updated: 2022-08-25T08:59:57Z
file_id: '11970'
file_name: Thesis_Rouven_Schulz_2022_final.pdf
file_size: 28079331
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 2b8f95ea1c134dbdb927b41b1dbeeeb5
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: rschulz
date_created: 2022-08-25T09:00:11Z
date_updated: 2022-08-25T09:33:31Z
file_id: '11971'
file_name: Thesis_Rouven_Schulz_2022_final.docx
file_size: 27226963
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-08-25T09:33:31Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '133'
project:
- _id: 267F75D8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Modulating microglia through G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '11995'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Sandra
full_name: Siegert, Sandra
id: 36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Siegert
orcid: 0000-0001-8635-0877
title: Chimeric G protein-coupled receptors mimic distinct signaling pathways and
modulate microglia function
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12390'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The scope of this thesis is to study quantum systems exhibiting a continuous
symmetry that\r\nis broken on the level of the corresponding effective theory.
In particular we are going to\r\ninvestigate translation-invariant Bose gases
in the mean field limit, effectively described by\r\nthe Hartree functional, and
the Fröhlich Polaron in the regime of strong coupling, effectively\r\ndescribed
by the Pekar functional. The latter is a model describing the interaction between
a\r\ncharged particle and the optical modes of a polar crystal. Regarding the
former, we assume in\r\naddition that the particles in the gas are unconfined,
and typically we will consider particles\r\nthat are subject to an attractive
interaction. In both cases the ground state energy of the\r\nHamiltonian is not
a proper eigenvalue due to the underlying translation-invariance, while on\r\nthe
contrary there exists a whole invariant orbit of minimizers for the corresponding
effective\r\nfunctionals. Both, the absence of proper eigenstates and the broken
symmetry of the effective\r\ntheory, make the study significantly more involved
and it is the content of this thesis to\r\ndevelop a frameworks which allows for
a systematic way to circumvent these issues.\r\nIt is a well-established result
that the ground state energy of Bose gases in the mean field limit,\r\nas well
as the ground state energy of the Fröhlich Polaron in the regime of strong coupling,
is\r\nto leading order given by the minimal energy of the corresponding effective
theory. As part\r\nof this thesis we identify the sub-leading term in the expansion
of the ground state energy,\r\nwhich can be interpreted as the quantum correction
to the classical energy, since the effective\r\ntheories under consideration can
be seen as classical counterparts.\r\nWe are further going to establish an asymptotic
expression for the energy-momentum relation\r\nof the Fröhlich Polaron in the
strong coupling limit. In the regime of suitably small momenta,\r\nthis asymptotic
expression agrees with the energy-momentum relation of a free particle having\r\nan
effectively increased mass, and we find that this effectively increased mass agrees
with the\r\nconjectured value in the physics literature.\r\nIn addition we will
discuss two unrelated papers written by the author during his stay at ISTA\r\nin
the appendix. The first one concerns the realization of anyons, which are quasi-particles\r\nacquiring
a non-trivial phase under the exchange of two particles, as molecular impurities.\r\nThe
second one provides a classification of those vector fields defined on a given
manifold\r\nthat can be written as the gradient of a given functional with respect
to a suitable metric,\r\nprovided that some mild smoothness assumptions hold.
This classification is subsequently\r\nused to identify those quantum Markov semigroups
that can be written as a gradient flow of\r\nthe relative entropy.\r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Morris
full_name: Brooks, Morris
id: B7ECF9FC-AA38-11E9-AC9A-0930E6697425
last_name: Brooks
orcid: 0000-0002-6249-0928
citation:
ama: Brooks M. Translation-invariant quantum systems with effectively broken symmetry.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12390
apa: Brooks, M. (2022). Translation-invariant quantum systems with effectively
broken symmetry. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12390
chicago: Brooks, Morris. “Translation-Invariant Quantum Systems with Effectively
Broken Symmetry.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12390.
ieee: M. Brooks, “Translation-invariant quantum systems with effectively broken
symmetry,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Brooks M. 2022. Translation-invariant quantum systems with effectively broken
symmetry. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Brooks, Morris. Translation-Invariant Quantum Systems with Effectively Broken
Symmetry. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12390.
short: M. Brooks, Translation-Invariant Quantum Systems with Effectively Broken
Symmetry, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-26T10:00:42Z
date_published: 2022-12-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-07T13:32:09Z
day: '15'
ddc:
- '500'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: RoSe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12390
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b31460e937f33b557abb40ebef02b567
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-26T10:02:34Z
date_updated: 2023-01-26T10:02:34Z
file_id: '12391'
file_name: Brooks_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 3095225
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 9751869fa5e7981588ad4228f4fd4bd6
content_type: application/octet-stream
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-26T10:02:42Z
date_updated: 2023-01-26T10:02:42Z
file_id: '12392'
file_name: Brooks_Thesis.tex
file_size: 809842
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-01-26T10:02:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '196'
project:
- _id: 25C6DC12-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '694227'
name: Analysis of quantum many-body systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9005'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Seiringer, Robert
id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Seiringer
orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
title: Translation-invariant quantum systems with effectively broken symmetry
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC
BY-NC-SA 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12368'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Metazoan development relies on the formation and remodeling of cell-cell
contacts. The \r\nbinding of adhesion receptors and remodeling of the actomyosin
cell cortex at cell-cell \r\ninteraction sites have been implicated in cell-cell
contact formation. Yet, how these two \r\nprocesses functionally interact to drive
cell-cell contact expansion and strengthening \r\nremains unclear. Here, we study
how primary germ layer progenitor cells from zebrafish \r\nbind to supported lipid
bilayers (SLB) functionalized with E-cadherin ectodomains as an \r\nassay system
for monitoring cell-cell contact formation at high spatiotemporal resolution.
\r\nWe show that cell-cell contact formation represents a two-tiered process:
E-cadherin\x02mediated downregulation of the small GTPase RhoA at the forming
contact leads to both \r\ndepletion of Myosin-2 and decrease of F-actin. This
is followed by centrifugal actin \r\nnetwork flows at the contact triggered by
a sharp gradient of Myosin-2 at the rim of the \r\ncontact zone, with Myosin-2
displaying higher cortical localization outside than inside of \r\nthe contact.
These centrifugal cortical actin flows, in turn, not only further dilute the actin
\r\nnetwork at the contact disc, but also lead to an accumulation of both F-actin
and E\x02cadherin at the contact rim. Eventually, this combination of actomyosin
downregulation \r\nand flows at the contact contribute to the characteristic molecular
organization implicated \r\nin contact formation and maintenance: depletion of
cortical actomyosin at the contact disc, \r\ndriving contact expansion by lowering
interfacial tension at the contact, and accumulation \r\nof both E-cadherin and
F-actin at the contact rim, mechanically linking the contractile \r\ncortices
of the adhering cells. Thus, using a biomimetic assay, we exemplify how \r\nadhesion
signaling and cell mechanics function together to modulate the spatial \r\norganization
of cell-cell contacts."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
- _id: NanoFab
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Feyza N
full_name: Arslan, Feyza N
id: 49DA7910-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Arslan
orcid: 0000-0001-5809-9566
citation:
ama: Arslan FN. Remodeling of E-cadherin-mediated contacts via cortical flows.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12153
apa: Arslan, F. N. (2022). Remodeling of E-cadherin-mediated contacts via cortical
flows. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12153
chicago: Arslan, Feyza N. “Remodeling of E-Cadherin-Mediated Contacts via Cortical
Flows.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12153.
ieee: F. N. Arslan, “Remodeling of E-cadherin-mediated contacts via cortical flows,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Arslan FN. 2022. Remodeling of E-cadherin-mediated contacts via cortical
flows. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Arslan, Feyza N. Remodeling of E-Cadherin-Mediated Contacts via Cortical
Flows. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12153.
short: F.N. Arslan, Remodeling of E-Cadherin-Mediated Contacts via Cortical Flows,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-25T10:43:24Z
date_published: 2022-09-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:14:10Z
day: '29'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: CaHe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12153
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e54a3e69b83ebf166544164afd25608e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-25T10:52:46Z
date_updated: 2023-01-25T10:52:46Z
file_id: '12369'
file_name: THESIS_FINAL_FArslan_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 14581024
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-01-25T10:52:46Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '113'
project:
- _id: 260F1432-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '742573'
name: Interaction and feedback between cell mechanics and fate specification in
vertebrate gastrulation
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- ' 978-3-99078-025-1 '
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9350'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Heisenberg
orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
title: Remodeling of E-cadherin-mediated contacts via cortical flows
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11473'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The polaron model is a basic model of quantum field theory describing a single
particle\r\ninteracting with a bosonic field. It arises in many physical contexts.
We are mostly concerned\r\nwith models applicable in the context of an impurity
atom in a Bose-Einstein condensate as\r\nwell as the problem of electrons moving
in polar crystals.\r\nThe model has a simple structure in which the interaction
of the particle with the field is given\r\nby a term linear in the field’s creation
and annihilation operators. In this work, we investigate\r\nthe properties of
this model by providing rigorous estimates on various energies relevant to the\r\nproblem.
The estimates are obtained, for the most part, by suitable operator techniques
which\r\nconstitute the principal mathematical substance of the thesis.\r\nThe
first application of these techniques is to derive the polaron model rigorously
from first\r\nprinciples, i.e., from a full microscopic quantum-mechanical many-body
problem involving an\r\nimpurity in an otherwise homogeneous system. We accomplish
this for the N + 1 Bose gas\r\nin the mean-field regime by showing that a suitable
polaron-type Hamiltonian arises at weak\r\ninteractions as a low-energy effective
theory for this problem.\r\nIn the second part, we investigate rigorously the
ground state of the model at fixed momentum\r\nand for large values of the coupling
constant. Qualitatively, the system is expected to display\r\na transition from
the quasi-particle behavior at small momenta, where the dispersion relation\r\nis
parabolic and the particle moves through the medium dragging along a cloud of
phonons, to\r\nthe radiative behavior at larger momenta where the polaron decelerates
and emits free phonons.\r\nAt the same time, in the strong coupling regime, the
bosonic field is expected to behave purely\r\nclassically. Accordingly, the effective
mass of the polaron at strong coupling is conjectured to\r\nbe asymptotically
equal to the one obtained from the semiclassical counterpart of the problem,\r\nfirst
studied by Landau and Pekar in the 1940s. For polaron models with regularized
form\r\nfactors and phonon dispersion relations of superfluid type, i.e., bounded
below by a linear\r\nfunction of the wavenumbers for all phonon momenta as in
the interacting Bose gas, we prove\r\nthat for a large window of momenta below
the radiation threshold, the energy-momentum\r\nrelation at strong coupling is
indeed essentially a parabola with semi-latus rectum equal to the\r\nLandau–Pekar
effective mass, as expected.\r\nFor the Fröhlich polaron describing electrons
in polar crystals where the dispersion relation is\r\nof the optical type and
the form factor is formally UV–singular due to the nature of the point\r\ncharge-dipole
interaction, we are able to give the corresponding upper bound. In contrast to\r\nthe
regular case, this requires the inclusion of the quantum fluctuations of the phonon
field,\r\nwhich makes the problem considerably more difficult.\r\nThe results
are supplemented by studies on the absolute ground-state energy at strong coupling,\r\na
proof of the divergence of the effective mass with the coupling constant for a
wide class of\r\npolaron models, as well as the discussion of the apparent UV
singularity of the Fröhlich model\r\nand the application of the techniques used
for its removal for the energy estimates.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Krzysztof
full_name: Mysliwy, Krzysztof
id: 316457FC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Mysliwy
citation:
ama: 'Mysliwy K. Polarons in Bose gases and polar crystals: Some rigorous energy
estimates. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11473'
apa: 'Mysliwy, K. (2022). Polarons in Bose gases and polar crystals: Some rigorous
energy estimates. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11473'
chicago: 'Mysliwy, Krzysztof. “Polarons in Bose Gases and Polar Crystals: Some Rigorous
Energy Estimates.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11473.'
ieee: 'K. Mysliwy, “Polarons in Bose gases and polar crystals: Some rigorous energy
estimates,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.'
ista: 'Mysliwy K. 2022. Polarons in Bose gases and polar crystals: Some rigorous
energy estimates. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Mysliwy, Krzysztof. Polarons in Bose Gases and Polar Crystals: Some Rigorous
Energy Estimates. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11473.'
short: 'K. Mysliwy, Polarons in Bose Gases and Polar Crystals: Some Rigorous Energy
Estimates, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.'
date_created: 2022-06-30T12:15:03Z
date_published: 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:43:52Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '515'
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: RoSe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11473
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 7970714a20a6052f75fb27a6c3e9976e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kmysliwy
date_created: 2022-07-05T08:12:56Z
date_updated: 2022-07-05T08:12:56Z
file_id: '11486'
file_name: thes1_no_isbn_2_1b.pdf
file_size: 1830973
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 647a2011fdf56277096c9350fefe1097
content_type: application/zip
creator: kmysliwy
date_created: 2022-07-05T08:15:52Z
date_updated: 2022-07-05T08:17:12Z
file_id: '11487'
file_name: thes_source.zip
file_size: 5831060
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-07-05T08:17:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '138'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10564'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8705'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Seiringer, Robert
id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Seiringer
orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
title: 'Polarons in Bose gases and polar crystals: Some rigorous energy estimates'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '10799'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Because of the increasing popularity of machine learning methods, it is becoming
important to understand the impact of learned components on automated decision-making
systems and to guarantee that their consequences are beneficial to society. In
other words, it is necessary to ensure that machine learning is sufficiently trustworthy
to be used in real-world applications. This thesis studies two properties of machine
learning models that are highly desirable for the\r\nsake of reliability: robustness
and fairness. In the first part of the thesis we study the robustness of learning
algorithms to training data corruption. Previous work has shown that machine learning
models are vulnerable to a range\r\nof training set issues, varying from label
noise through systematic biases to worst-case data manipulations. This is an especially
relevant problem from a present perspective, since modern machine learning methods
are particularly data hungry and therefore practitioners often have to rely on
data collected from various external sources, e.g. from the Internet, from app
users or via crowdsourcing. Naturally, such sources vary greatly in the quality
and reliability of the\r\ndata they provide. With these considerations in mind,
we study the problem of designing machine learning algorithms that are robust
to corruptions in data coming from multiple sources. We show that, in contrast
to the case of a single dataset with outliers, successful learning within this
model is possible both theoretically and practically, even under worst-case data
corruptions. The second part of this thesis deals with fairness-aware machine
learning. There are multiple areas where machine learning models have shown promising
results, but where careful considerations are required, in order to avoid discrimanative
decisions taken by such learned components. Ensuring fairness can be particularly
challenging, because real-world training datasets are expected to contain various
forms of historical bias that may affect the learning process. In this thesis
we show that data corruption can indeed render the problem of achieving fairness
impossible, by tightly characterizing the theoretical limits of fair learning
under worst-case data manipulations. However, assuming access to clean data, we
also show how fairness-aware learning can be made practical in contexts beyond
binary classification, in particular in the challenging learning to rank setting."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Nikola H
full_name: Konstantinov, Nikola H
id: 4B9D76E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Konstantinov
citation:
ama: Konstantinov NH. Robustness and fairness in machine learning. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10799
apa: Konstantinov, N. H. (2022). Robustness and fairness in machine learning.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10799
chicago: Konstantinov, Nikola H. “Robustness and Fairness in Machine Learning.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10799.
ieee: N. H. Konstantinov, “Robustness and fairness in machine learning,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Konstantinov NH. 2022. Robustness and fairness in machine learning. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Konstantinov, Nikola H. Robustness and Fairness in Machine Learning.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10799.
short: N.H. Konstantinov, Robustness and Fairness in Machine Learning, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-02-28T13:03:49Z
date_published: 2022-03-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-17T12:31:54Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: ChLa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10799
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 626bc523ae8822d20e635d0e2d95182e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: nkonstan
date_created: 2022-03-06T11:42:54Z
date_updated: 2022-03-06T11:42:54Z
file_id: '10823'
file_name: thesis.pdf
file_size: 4204905
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: e2ca2b88350ac8ea1515b948885cbcb1
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: nkonstan
date_created: 2022-03-06T11:42:57Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:11:48Z
file_id: '10824'
file_name: thesis.zip
file_size: 22841103
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:11:48Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- robustness
- fairness
- machine learning
- PAC learning
- adversarial learning
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '176'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-015-2
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8724'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10803'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10802'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6590'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Robustness and fairness in machine learning
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11626'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Plant growth and development is well known to be both, flexible and dynamic.
The high capacity for post-embryonic organ formation and tissue regeneration requires
tightly regulated intercellular communication and coordinated tissue polarization.
One of the most important drivers for patterning and polarity in plant development
is the phytohormone auxin. Auxin has the unique characteristic to establish polarized
channels for its own active directional cell to cell transport. This fascinating
phenomenon is called auxin canalization. Those auxin transport channels are characterized
by the expression and polar, subcellular localization of PIN auxin efflux carriers.
PIN proteins have the ability to dynamically change their localization and auxin
itself can affect this by interfering with trafficking. Most of the underlying
molecular mechanisms of canalization still remain enigmatic. What is known so
far is that canonical auxin signaling is indispensable but also other non-canonical
signaling components are thought to play a role. In order to shed light into the
mysteries auf auxin canalization this study revisits the branches of auxin signaling
in detail. Further a new auxin analogue, PISA, is developed which triggers auxin-like
responses but does not directly activate canonical transcriptional auxin signaling.
We revisit the direct auxin effect on PIN trafficking where we found that, contradictory
to previous observations, auxin is very specifically promoting endocytosis of
PIN2 but has no overall effect on endocytosis. Further, we evaluate which cellular
processes related to PIN subcellular dynamics are involved in the establishment
of auxin conducting channels and the formation of vascular tissue. We are re-evaluating
the function of AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN 1 (ABP1) and provide a comprehensive picture
about its developmental phneotypes and involvement in auxin signaling and canalization.
Lastly, we are focusing on the crosstalk between the hormone strigolactone (SL)
and auxin and found that SL is interfering with essentially all processes involved
in auxin canalization in a non-transcriptional manner. Lastly we identify a new
way of SL perception and signaling which is emanating from mitochondria, is independent
of canonical SL signaling and is modulating primary root growth.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Michelle C
full_name: Gallei, Michelle C
id: 35A03822-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Gallei
orcid: 0000-0003-1286-7368
citation:
ama: Gallei MC. Auxin and strigolactone non-canonical signaling regulating development
in Arabidopsis thaliana. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11626
apa: Gallei, M. C. (2022). Auxin and strigolactone non-canonical signaling regulating
development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11626
chicago: Gallei, Michelle C. “Auxin and Strigolactone Non-Canonical Signaling Regulating
Development in Arabidopsis Thaliana.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11626.
ieee: M. C. Gallei, “Auxin and strigolactone non-canonical signaling regulating
development in Arabidopsis thaliana,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022.
ista: Gallei MC. 2022. Auxin and strigolactone non-canonical signaling regulating
development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Gallei, Michelle C. Auxin and Strigolactone Non-Canonical Signaling Regulating
Development in Arabidopsis Thaliana. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11626.
short: M.C. Gallei, Auxin and Strigolactone Non-Canonical Signaling Regulating Development
in Arabidopsis Thaliana, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-07-20T11:21:53Z
date_published: 2022-07-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-07T08:20:13Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '575'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11626
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: bd7ac35403cf5b4b2607287d2a104b3a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mgallei
date_created: 2022-07-25T09:08:47Z
date_updated: 2022-07-25T09:08:47Z
file_id: '11645'
file_name: Thesis_Gallei.pdf
file_size: 9730864
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: a9e54fe5471ba25dc13c2150c1b8ccbb
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: mgallei
date_created: 2022-07-25T09:09:09Z
date_updated: 2022-07-25T09:39:58Z
file_id: '11646'
file_name: Thesis_Gallei_source.docx
file_size: 19560720
relation: source_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 3994f7f20058941b5bb8a16886b21e71
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mgallei
date_created: 2022-07-25T09:09:32Z
date_updated: 2022-07-25T09:39:58Z
description: This is the print version of the thesis including the full appendix
file_id: '11647'
file_name: Thesis_Gallei_to_print.pdf
file_size: 24542837
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f24acd3c0d864f4c6676e8b0d7bfa76b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mgallei
date_created: 2022-07-25T11:48:45Z
date_updated: 2022-07-25T11:48:45Z
file_id: '11650'
file_name: Thesis_Gallei_Appendix.pdf
file_size: 15435966
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-07-25T11:48:45Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '248'
project:
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '742985'
name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-019-0
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8931'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9287'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7142'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7465'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8138'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6260'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10411'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
- first_name: Eilon
full_name: Shani, Eilon
last_name: Shani
title: Auxin and strigolactone non-canonical signaling regulating development in Arabidopsis
thaliana
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12358'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The complex yarn structure of knitted and woven fabrics gives rise to both
a mechanical and\r\nvisual complexity. The small-scale interactions of yarns colliding
with and pulling on each\r\nother result in drastically different large-scale
stretching and bending behavior, introducing\r\nanisotropy, curling, and more.
While simulating cloth as individual yarns can reproduce this\r\ncomplexity and
match the quality of real fabric, it may be too computationally expensive for\r\nlarge
fabrics. On the other hand, continuum-based approaches do not need to discretize
the\r\ncloth at a stitch-level, but it is non-trivial to find a material model
that would replicate the\r\nlarge-scale behavior of yarn fabrics, and they discard
the intricate visual detail. In this thesis,\r\nwe discuss three methods to try
and bridge the gap between small-scale and large-scale yarn\r\nmechanics using
numerical homogenization: fitting a continuum model to periodic yarn simulations,
adding mechanics-aware yarn detail onto thin-shell simulations, and quantitatively\r\nfitting
yarn parameters to physical measurements of real fabric.\r\nTo start, we present
a method for animating yarn-level cloth effects using a thin-shell solver.\r\nWe
first use a large number of periodic yarn-level simulations to build a model of
the potential\r\nenergy density of the cloth, and then use it to compute forces
in a thin-shell simulator. The\r\nresulting simulations faithfully reproduce expected
effects like the stiffening of woven fabrics\r\nand the highly deformable nature
and anisotropy of knitted fabrics at a fraction of the cost of\r\nfull yarn-level
simulation.\r\nWhile our thin-shell simulations are able to capture large-scale
yarn mechanics, they lack\r\nthe rich visual detail of yarn-level simulations.
Therefore, we propose a method to animate\r\nyarn-level cloth geometry on top
of an underlying deforming mesh in a mechanics-aware\r\nfashion in real time.
Using triangle strains to interpolate precomputed yarn geometry, we are\r\nable
to reproduce effects such as knit loops tightening under stretching at negligible
cost.\r\nFinally, we introduce a methodology for inverse-modeling of yarn-level
mechanics of cloth,\r\nbased on the mechanical response of fabrics in the real
world. We compile a database from\r\nphysical tests of several knitted fabrics
used in the textile industry spanning diverse physical\r\nproperties like stiffness,
nonlinearity, and anisotropy. We then develop a system for approximating these
mechanical responses with yarn-level cloth simulation, using homogenized\r\nshell
models to speed up computation and adding some small-but-necessary extensions
to\r\nyarn-level models used in computer graphics.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Georg
full_name: Sperl, Georg
id: 4DD40360-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sperl
citation:
ama: 'Sperl G. Homogenizing yarn simulations: Large-scale mechanics, small-scale
detail, and quantitative fitting. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12103'
apa: 'Sperl, G. (2022). Homogenizing yarn simulations: Large-scale mechanics,
small-scale detail, and quantitative fitting. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12103'
chicago: 'Sperl, Georg. “Homogenizing Yarn Simulations: Large-Scale Mechanics, Small-Scale
Detail, and Quantitative Fitting.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12103.'
ieee: 'G. Sperl, “Homogenizing yarn simulations: Large-scale mechanics, small-scale
detail, and quantitative fitting,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022.'
ista: 'Sperl G. 2022. Homogenizing yarn simulations: Large-scale mechanics, small-scale
detail, and quantitative fitting. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Sperl, Georg. Homogenizing Yarn Simulations: Large-Scale Mechanics, Small-Scale
Detail, and Quantitative Fitting. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12103.'
short: 'G. Sperl, Homogenizing Yarn Simulations: Large-Scale Mechanics, Small-Scale
Detail, and Quantitative Fitting, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022.'
date_created: 2023-01-24T10:49:46Z
date_published: 2022-09-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-28T12:57:46Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '000'
- '620'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: ChWo
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12103
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 083722acbb8115e52e3b0fdec6226769
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-25T12:04:41Z
date_updated: 2023-02-02T09:29:57Z
description: 'This is the main PDF file of the thesis. File size: 105 MB'
file_id: '12371'
file_name: thesis_gsperl.pdf
file_size: 104497530
relation: main_file
title: Thesis
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 511f82025e5fcb70bff4731d6896ca07
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-02-02T09:33:37Z
date_updated: 2023-02-02T09:33:37Z
description: This version of the thesis uses stronger image compression for a smaller
file size of 23MB.
file_id: '12483'
file_name: thesis_gsperl_compressed.pdf
file_size: 23183710
relation: main_file
title: Thesis (compressed 23MB)
- access_level: open_access
checksum: ed4cb85225eedff761c25bddfc37a2ed
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-02-02T09:39:25Z
date_updated: 2023-02-02T09:39:25Z
file_id: '12484'
file_name: thesis-source.zip
file_size: 98382247
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-02-02T09:39:25Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '138'
project:
- _id: 2533E772-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '638176'
name: Efficient Simulation of Natural Phenomena at Extremely Large Scales
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-020-6
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '11736'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9818'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8385'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christopher J
full_name: Wojtan, Christopher J
id: 3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wojtan
orcid: 0000-0001-6646-5546
title: 'Homogenizing yarn simulations: Large-scale mechanics, small-scale detail,
and quantitative fitting'
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '10759'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this Thesis, I study composite quantum impurities with variational techniques,
both inspired by machine learning as well as fully analytic. I supplement this
with exploration of other applications of machine learning, in particular artificial
neural networks, in many-body physics. In Chapters 3 and 4, I study quasiparticle
systems with variational approach. I derive a Hamiltonian describing the angulon
quasiparticle in the presence of a magnetic field. I apply analytic variational
treatment to this Hamiltonian. Then, I introduce a variational approach for non-additive
systems, based on artificial neural networks. I exemplify this approach on the
example of the polaron quasiparticle (Fröhlich Hamiltonian). In Chapter 5, I continue
using artificial neural networks, albeit in a different setting. I apply artificial
neural networks to detect phases from snapshots of two types physical systems.
Namely, I study Monte Carlo snapshots of multilayer classical spin models as well
as molecular dynamics maps of colloidal systems. The main type of networks that
I use here are convolutional neural networks, known for their applicability to
image data.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Wojciech
full_name: Rzadkowski, Wojciech
id: 48C55298-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Rzadkowski
orcid: 0000-0002-1106-4419
citation:
ama: Rzadkowski W. Analytic and machine learning approaches to composite quantum
impurities. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10759
apa: Rzadkowski, W. (2022). Analytic and machine learning approaches to composite
quantum impurities. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10759
chicago: Rzadkowski, Wojciech. “Analytic and Machine Learning Approaches to Composite
Quantum Impurities.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10759.
ieee: W. Rzadkowski, “Analytic and machine learning approaches to composite quantum
impurities,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Rzadkowski W. 2022. Analytic and machine learning approaches to composite
quantum impurities. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Rzadkowski, Wojciech. Analytic and Machine Learning Approaches to Composite
Quantum Impurities. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10759.
short: W. Rzadkowski, Analytic and Machine Learning Approaches to Composite Quantum
Impurities, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-02-16T13:27:37Z
date_published: 2022-02-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-28T13:01:59Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '530'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10759
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 0fc54ad1eaede879c665ac9b53c93e22
content_type: application/zip
creator: wrzadkow
date_created: 2022-02-21T13:58:16Z
date_updated: 2022-02-22T07:20:12Z
file_id: '10785'
file_name: Rzadkowski_thesis_final_source.zip
file_size: 17668233
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 22d2d7af37ca31f6b1730c26cac7bced
content_type: application/pdf
creator: wrzadkow
date_created: 2022-02-21T14:02:54Z
date_updated: 2022-02-21T14:02:54Z
file_id: '10786'
file_name: Rzadkowski_thesis_final.pdf
file_size: 13307331
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-02-22T07:20:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '120'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10762'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8644'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7956'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '415'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
title: Analytic and machine learning approaches to composite quantum impurities
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11196'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "One of the fundamental questions in Neuroscience is how the structure of
synapses and their physiological properties are related. While synaptic transmission
remains a dynamic process, electron microscopy provides images with comparably
low temporal resolution (Studer et al., 2014). The current work overcomes this
challenge and describes an improved “Flash and Freeze” technique (Watanabe et
al., 2013a; Watanabe et al., 2013b) to study synaptic transmission at the hippocampal
mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal neuron synapses, using mouse acute brain slices and
organotypic slices culture. The improved method allowed for selective stimulation
of presynaptic mossy fiber boutons and the observation of synaptic vesicle pool
dynamics at the active zones. Our results uncovered several intriguing morphological
features of mossy fiber boutons. First, the docked vesicle pool was largely depleted
(more than 70%) after stimulation, implying that the docked synaptic vesicles
pool and readily releasable pool are vastly overlapping in mossy fiber boutons.
Second, the synaptic vesicles are skewed towards larger diameters, displaying
a wide range of sizes. An increase in the mean diameter of synaptic vesicles,
after single and repetitive stimulation, suggests that smaller vesicles have a
higher release probability. Third, we observed putative endocytotic structures
after moderate light stimulation, matching the timing of previously described
ultrafast endocytosis (Watanabe et al., 2013a; Delvendahl et al., 2016). \r\n\tIn
addition, synaptic transmission depends on a sophisticated system of protein machinery
and calcium channels (Südhof, 2013b), which amplifies the challenge in studying
synaptic communication as these interactions can be potentially modified during
synaptic plasticity. And although recent study elucidated the potential correlation
between physiological and morphological properties of synapses during synaptic
plasticity (Vandael et al., 2020), the molecular underpinning of it remains unknown.
Thus, the presented work tries to overcome this challenge and aims to pinpoint
changes in the molecular architecture at hippocampal mossy fiber bouton synapses
during short- and long-term potentiation (STP and LTP), we combined chemical potentiation,
with the application of a cyclic adenosine monophosphate agonist (i.e. forskolin)
and freeze-fracture replica immunolabelling. This method allowed the localization
of membrane-bound proteins with nanometer precision within the active zone, in
particular, P/Q-type calcium channels and synaptic vesicle priming proteins Munc13-1/2.
First, we found that the number of clusters of Munc13-1 in the mossy fiber bouton
active zone increased significantly during STP, but decreased to lower than the
control value during LTP. Secondly, although the distance between the calcium
channels and Munc13-1s did not change after induction of STP, it shortened during
the LTP phase. Additionally, forskolin did not affect Munc13-2 distribution during
STP and LTP. These results indicate the existence of two distinct mechanisms that
govern STP and LTP at mossy fiber bouton synapses: an increase in the readily
realizable pool in the case of STP and a potential increase in release probability
during LTP. “Flash and freeze” and functional electron microscopy, are versatile
methods that can be successfully applied to intact brain circuits to study synaptic
transmission even at the molecular level.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: PreCl
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Olena
full_name: Kim, Olena
id: 3F8ABDDA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kim
citation:
ama: Kim O. Nanoarchitecture of hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal neuron synapses.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11196
apa: Kim, O. (2022). Nanoarchitecture of hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal
neuron synapses. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11196
chicago: Kim, Olena. “Nanoarchitecture of Hippocampal Mossy Fiber-CA3 Pyramidal
Neuron Synapses.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11196.
ieee: O. Kim, “Nanoarchitecture of hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal neuron
synapses,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Kim O. 2022. Nanoarchitecture of hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal neuron
synapses. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Kim, Olena. Nanoarchitecture of Hippocampal Mossy Fiber-CA3 Pyramidal Neuron
Synapses. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11196.
short: O. Kim, Nanoarchitecture of Hippocampal Mossy Fiber-CA3 Pyramidal Neuron
Synapses, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-04-20T09:47:12Z
date_published: 2022-04-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-18T06:31:52Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: PeJo
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11196
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 1616a8bf6f13a57c892dac873dcd0936
content_type: application/pdf
creator: okim
date_created: 2022-04-20T14:21:56Z
date_updated: 2023-04-20T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-04-19
file_id: '11220'
file_name: Olena_KIM_thesis_final.pdf
file_size: 21273537
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 1acb433f98dc42abb0b4b0cbb0c4b918
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: okim
date_created: 2022-04-20T14:22:56Z
date_updated: 2023-04-20T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '11221'
file_name: KIM_thesis_final.zip
file_size: 59248569
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-04-20T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '132'
project:
- _id: 25BAF7B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '708497'
name: Presynaptic calcium channels distribution and impact on coupling at the hippocampal
mossy fiber synapse
- _id: 25B7EB9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '692692'
name: Biophysics and circuit function of a giant cortical glumatergic synapse
- _id: 25C3DBB6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: W01205
name: Zellkommunikation in Gesundheit und Krankheit
- _id: 25C5A090-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: Z00312
name: The Wittgenstein Prize
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '11222'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7473'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
title: Nanoarchitecture of hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal neuron synapses
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '10727'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Social insects are a common model to study disease dynamics in social animals.
Even though pathogens should thrive in social insect colonies as the hosts engage
in frequent social interactions, are closely related and live in a pathogen-rich
environment, disease outbreaks are rare. This is because social insects have evolved
mechanisms to keep pathogens at bay – and fight disease as a collective. Social
insect colonies are often viewed as “superorganisms” with division of labor between
reproductive “germ-like” queens and males and “somatic” workers, which together
form an interdependent reproductive unit that parallels a multicellular body.
Superorganisms possess a “social immune system” that comprises of collective disease
defenses performed by the workers - summarized as “social immunity”. In social
groups immunization (reduced susceptibility to a parasite upon secondary exposure
to the same parasite) can e.g. be triggered by social interactions (“social immunization”).
Social immunization can be caused by (i) asymptomatic low-level infections that
are acquired during caregiving to a contagious individual that can give an immune
boost, which can induce protection upon later encounter with the same pathogen
(active immunization) or (ii) by transfer of immune effectors between individuals
(passive immunization).\r\nIn the second chapter, I built up on a study that I
co-authored that found that low-level infections can not only be protective, but
also be costly and make the host more susceptible to detrimental superinfections
after contact to a very dissimilar pathogen. I here now tested different degrees
of phylogenetically-distant fungal strains of M. brunneum and M. robertsii in
L. neglectus and can describe the occurrence of cross-protection of social immunization
if the first and second pathogen are from the same level. Interestingly, low-level
infections only provided protection when the first strain was less virulent than
the second strain and elicited higher immune gene expression.\r\nIn the third
and fourth chapters, I expanded on the role of social immunity in sexual selection,
a so far unstudied field. I used the fungus Metarhizium robertsii and the ant
Cardiocondyla obscurior as a model, as in this species mating occurs in the presence
of workers and can be studied under laboratory conditions. Before males mate with
virgin queens in the nest they engage in fierce combat over the access to their
mating partners.\r\nFirst, I focused on male-male competition in the third chapter
and found that fighting with a contagious male is costly as it can lead to contamination
of the rival, but that workers can decrease the risk of disease contraction by
performing sanitary care.\r\nIn the fourth chapter, I studied the effect of fungal
infection on survival and mating success of sexuals (freshly emerged queens and
males) and found that worker-performed sanitary care can buffer the negative effect
that a pathogenic contagion would have on sexuals by spore removal from the exposed
individuals. When social immunity was prevented and queens could contract spores
from their mating partner, very low dosages led to negative consequences: their
lifespan was reduced and they produced fewer offspring with poor immunocompetence
compared to healthy queens. Interestingly, cohabitation with a late-stage infected
male where no spore transfer was possible had a positive effect on offspring immunity
– male offspring of mothers that apparently perceived an infected partner in their
vicinity reacted more sensitively to fungal challenge than male offspring without
paternal pathogen history."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Sina
full_name: Metzler, Sina
id: 48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Metzler
orcid: 0000-0002-9547-2494
citation:
ama: Metzler S. Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies.
2022. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727
apa: Metzler, S. (2022). Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization
in ant colonies. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727
chicago: Metzler, Sina. “Pathogen-Mediated Sexual Selection and Immunization in
Ant Colonies.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727.
ieee: S. Metzler, “Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Metzler S. 2022. Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant
colonies. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Metzler, Sina. Pathogen-Mediated Sexual Selection and Immunization in Ant
Colonies. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727.
short: S. Metzler, Pathogen-Mediated Sexual Selection and Immunization in Ant Colonies,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-02-04T15:45:12Z
date_published: 2022-02-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:43:23Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: SyCr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:10727
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 47ba18bb270dd6cc266e0a3f7c69d0e4
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: smetzler
date_created: 2022-02-04T15:36:12Z
date_updated: 2023-02-03T23:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10728'
file_name: Thesis_Sina_Metzler.docx
file_size: 6757886
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f3ec07d5d6b20ae6e46bfeedebce9027
content_type: application/pdf
creator: smetzler
date_created: 2022-02-04T15:36:43Z
date_updated: 2023-02-03T23:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-02-02
file_id: '10730'
file_name: Thesis_Sina_Metzler_A2.pdf
file_size: 6314921
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: dedd14b7be7a75d63018dbfc68dd8113
content_type: application/pdf
creator: smetzler
date_created: 2022-02-07T10:35:02Z
date_updated: 2023-02-04T23:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-02-02
file_id: '10742'
file_name: Thesis_Sina_Metzler_print.pdf
file_size: 6882557
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-02-04T23:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '771402'
name: Epidemics in ant societies on a chip
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Sylvia
full_name: Cremer, Sylvia
id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cremer
orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868
title: Pathogen-mediated sexual selection and immunization in ant colonies
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11879'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "As the overall global mean surface temperature is increasing due to climate
change, plant\r\nadaptation to those stressful conditions is of utmost importance
for their survival. Plants are\r\nsessile organisms, thus to compensate for their
lack of mobility, they evolved a variety of\r\nmechanisms enabling them to flexibly
adjust their physiological, growth and developmental\r\nprocesses to fluctuating
temperatures and to survive in harsh environments. While these unique\r\nadaptation
abilities provide an important evolutionary advantage, overall modulation of plant\r\ngrowth
and developmental program due to non-optimal temperature negatively affects biomass\r\nproduction,
crop productivity or sensitivity to pathogens. Thus, understanding molecular\r\nprocesses
underlying plant adaptation to increased temperature can provide important\r\nresources
for breeding strategies to ensure sufficient agricultural food production.\r\nAn
increase in ambient temperature by a few degrees leads to profound changes in
organ growth\r\nincluding enhanced hypocotyl elongation, expansion of petioles,
hyponastic growth of leaves and\r\ncotyledons, collectively named thermomorphogenesis
(Casal & Balasubramanian, 2019). Auxin,\r\none of the best-studied growth hormones,
plays an essential role in this process by direct\r\nactivation of transcriptional
and non-transcriptional processes resulting in elongation growth\r\n(Majda & Robert,
2018).To modulate hypocotyl growth in response to high ambient temperature\r\n(hAT),
auxin needs to be redistributed accordingly. PINs, auxin efflux transporters,
are key\r\ncomponents of the polar auxin transport (PAT) machinery, which controls
the amount and\r\ndirection of auxin translocated in the plant tissues and organs(Adamowski
& Friml, 2015). Hence,\r\nPIN-mediated transport is tightly linked with thermo-morphogenesis,
and interference with PAT\r\nthrough either chemical or genetic means dramatically
affecting the adaptive responses to hAT.\r\nIntriguingly, despite the key role
of PIN mediated transport in growth response to hAT, whether\r\nand how PINs at
the level of expression adapt to fluctuation in temperature is scarcely\r\nunderstood.\r\nWith
genetic, molecular and advanced bio-imaging approaches, we demonstrate the role
of PIN\r\nauxin transporters in the regulation of hypocotyl growth in response
to hAT. We show that via\r\nadjustment of PIN3, PIN4 and PIN7 expression in cotyledons
and hypocotyls, auxin distribution is modulated thereby determining elongation
pattern of epidermal cells at hAT. Furthermore, we\r\nidentified three Zinc-Finger
(ZF) transcription factors as novel molecular components of the\r\nthermo-regulatory
network, which through negative regulation of PIN transcription adjust the\r\ntransport
of auxin at hAT. Our results suggest that the ZF-PIN module might be a part of
the\r\nnegative feedback loop attenuating the activity of the thermo-sensing pathway
to restrain\r\nexaggerated growth and developmental responses to hAT."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: SSU
acknowledgement: I would like to acknowledge ISTA and all the people from the Scientific
Service Units and at ISTA, in particular Dorota Jaworska for excellent technical
and scientific support as well as ÖAW for funding my research for over 3 years (DOC
ÖAW Fellowship PR1022OEAW02).
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Christina
full_name: Artner, Christina
id: 45DF286A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Artner
citation:
ama: Artner C. Modulation of auxin transport via ZF proteins adjust plant response
to high ambient temperature. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11879
apa: Artner, C. (2022). Modulation of auxin transport via ZF proteins adjust
plant response to high ambient temperature. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11879
chicago: Artner, Christina. “Modulation of Auxin Transport via ZF Proteins Adjust
Plant Response to High Ambient Temperature.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11879.
ieee: C. Artner, “Modulation of auxin transport via ZF proteins adjust plant response
to high ambient temperature,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Artner C. 2022. Modulation of auxin transport via ZF proteins adjust plant
response to high ambient temperature. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Artner, Christina. Modulation of Auxin Transport via ZF Proteins Adjust
Plant Response to High Ambient Temperature. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11879.
short: C. Artner, Modulation of Auxin Transport via ZF Proteins Adjust Plant Response
to High Ambient Temperature, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-08-17T07:58:53Z
date_published: 2022-08-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-09T22:30:04Z
day: '17'
ddc:
- '580'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11879
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a2c2fdc28002538840490bfa6a08b2cb
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cartner
date_created: 2022-08-17T12:08:49Z
date_updated: 2023-09-09T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-09-08
file_id: '11907'
file_name: ChristinaArtner_PhD_Thesis_2022.pdf
file_size: 11113608
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 66b461c074b815fbe63481b3f46a9f43
content_type: application/octet-stream
creator: cartner
date_created: 2022-08-17T12:08:59Z
date_updated: 2023-09-09T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '11908'
file_name: ChristinaArtner_PhD_Thesis_2022.7z
file_size: 19097730
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-09-09T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- high ambient temperature
- auxin
- PINs
- Zinc-Finger proteins
- thermomorphogenesis
- stress
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '128'
project:
- _id: 2685A872-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Hormonal regulation of plant adaptive responses to environmental signals
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-022-0
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
title: Modulation of auxin transport via ZF proteins adjust plant response to high
ambient temperature
type: dissertation
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11393'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission and their
role is\r\nimplicated in complex processes such as learning and memory and various
neurological\r\ndiseases. These receptors are composed of different subunits and
the subunit composition can\r\naffect channel properties, receptor trafficking
and interaction with other associated proteins.\r\nUsing the high sensitivity
SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling (SDS-FRL) for\r\nelectron microscopy
I investigated the number, density, and localization of AMPAR subunits,\r\nGluA1,
GluA2, GluA3, and GluA1-3 (panAMPA) in pyramidal cells in the CA1 area of mouse\r\nhippocampus.
I have found that the immunogold labeling for all of these subunits in the\r\npostsynaptic
sites was highest in stratum radiatum and lowest in stratum lacunosummoleculare.
The labeling density for the all subunits in the extrasynaptic sites showed a
gradual\r\nincrease from the pyramidal cell soma towards the distal part of stratum
radiatum. The densities\r\nof extrasynaptic GluA1, GluA2 and panAMPA labeling
reached 10-15% of synaptic densities,\r\nwhile the ratio of extrasynaptic labeling
for GluA3 was significantly lower compared than those\r\nfor other subunits. The
labeling patterns for GluA1, GluA2 and GluA1-3 are similar and their\r\ndensities
were higher in the periphery than center of synapses. In contrast, the GluA3-\r\ncontaining
receptors were more centrally localized compared to the GluA1- and GluA2-\r\ncontaining
receptors.\r\nThe hippocampus plays a central role in learning and memory. Contextual
learning has been\r\nshown to require the delivery of AMPA receptors to CA1 synapses
in the dorsal hippocampus.\r\nHowever, proximodistal heterogeneity of this plasticity
and particular contribution of different\r\nAMPA receptor subunits are not fully
understood. By combining inhibitory avoidance task, a\r\nhippocampus-dependent
contextual fear-learning paradigm, with SDS-FRL, I have revealed an\r\nincrease
in synaptic density specific to GluA1-containing AMPA receptors in the CA1 area.\r\nThe
intrasynaptic distribution of GluA1 also changed from the periphery to center-preferred\r\npattern.
Furthermore, this synaptic plasticity was evident selectively in stratum radiatum
but\r\nnot stratum oriens, and in the CA1 subregion proximal but not distal to
CA2. These findings\r\nfurther contribute to our understanding of how specific
hippocampal subregions and AMPA\r\nreceptor subunits are involved in physiological
learning.\r\nAlthough the immunolabeling results above shed light on subunit-specific
plasticity in\r\nAMPAR distribution, no tools to visualize and study the subunit
composition at the single\r\nchannel level in situ have been available. Electron
microscopy with conventional immunogold\r\nlabeling approaches has limitations
in the single channel analysis because of the large size of\r\nantibodies and
steric hindrance hampering multiple subunit labeling of single channels. I\r\nmanaged
to develop a new chemical labeling system using a short peptide tag and small\r\nsynthetic
probes, which form specific covalent bond with a cysteine residue in the tag fused
to\r\nproteins of interest (reactive tag system). I additionally made substantial
progress into adapting\r\nthis system for AMPA receptor subunits."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Marijo
full_name: Jevtic, Marijo
id: 4BE3BC94-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jevtic
citation:
ama: Jevtic M. Contextual fear learning induced changes in AMPA receptor subtypes
along the proximodistal axis in dorsal hippocampus. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11393
apa: Jevtic, M. (2022). Contextual fear learning induced changes in AMPA receptor
subtypes along the proximodistal axis in dorsal hippocampus. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11393
chicago: Jevtic, Marijo. “Contextual Fear Learning Induced Changes in AMPA Receptor
Subtypes along the Proximodistal Axis in Dorsal Hippocampus.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11393.
ieee: M. Jevtic, “Contextual fear learning induced changes in AMPA receptor subtypes
along the proximodistal axis in dorsal hippocampus,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Jevtic M. 2022. Contextual fear learning induced changes in AMPA receptor
subtypes along the proximodistal axis in dorsal hippocampus. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Jevtic, Marijo. Contextual Fear Learning Induced Changes in AMPA Receptor
Subtypes along the Proximodistal Axis in Dorsal Hippocampus. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11393.
short: M. Jevtic, Contextual Fear Learning Induced Changes in AMPA Receptor Subtypes
along the Proximodistal Axis in Dorsal Hippocampus, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-05-17T08:57:41Z
date_published: 2022-05-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T14:53:44Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: RySh
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11393
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 8fc695d88020d70d231dad0e9f10b138
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2022-05-17T09:08:06Z
date_updated: 2023-05-17T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '11395'
file_name: MJ thesis.docx
file_size: 56427603
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c1dd20a1aece521b3500607b00e463d6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2022-05-17T12:09:25Z
date_updated: 2023-05-17T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-05-16
file_id: '11397'
file_name: MJ_thesis_PDFA.pdf
file_size: 4351981
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-05-17T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '108'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7391'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
title: Contextual fear learning induced changes in AMPA receptor subtypes along the
proximodistal axis in dorsal hippocampus
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12366'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Recent substantial advances in the feld of superconducting circuits have
shown its\r\npotential as a leading platform for future quantum computing. In
contrast to classical\r\ncomputers based on bits that are represented by a single
binary value, 0 or 1, quantum\r\nbits (or qubits) can be in a superposition of
both. Thus, quantum computers can store\r\nand handle more information at the
same time and a quantum advantage has already\r\nbeen demonstrated for two types
of computational tasks. Rapid progress in academic\r\nand industry labs accelerates
the development of superconducting processors which may\r\nsoon fnd applications
in complex computations, chemical simulations, cryptography, and\r\noptimization.
Now that these machines are scaled up to tackle such problems the questions\r\nof
qubit interconnects and networks becomes very relevant. How to route signals on-chip\r\nbetween
diferent processor components? What is the most efcient way to entangle\r\nqubits?
And how to then send and process entangled signals between distant cryostats\r\nhosting
superconducting processors?\r\nIn this thesis, we are looking for solutions to
these problems by studying the collective\r\nbehavior of superconducting qubit
ensembles. We frst demonstrate on-demand tunable\r\ndirectional scattering of
microwave photons from a pair of qubits in a waveguide. Such a\r\ndevice can route
microwave photons on-chip with a high diode efciency. Then we focus\r\non studying
ultra-strong coupling regimes between light (microwave photons) and matter\r\n(superconducting
qubits), a regime that could be promising for extremely fast multi-qubit\r\nentanglement
generation. Finally, we show coherent pulse storage and periodic revivals\r\nin
a fve qubit ensemble strongly coupled to a resonator. Such a reconfgurable storage\r\ndevice
could be used as part of a quantum repeater that is needed for longer-distance\r\nquantum
communication.\r\nThe achieved high degree of control over multi-qubit ensembles
highlights not only the\r\nbeautiful physics of circuit quantum electrodynamics,
it also represents the frst step\r\ntoward new quantum simulation and communication
methods, and certain techniques\r\nmay also fnd applications in future superconducting
quantum computing hardware.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: EM-Fac
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Elena
full_name: Redchenko, Elena
id: 2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Redchenko
citation:
ama: Redchenko E. Controllable states of superconducting Qubit ensembles. 2022.
doi:10.15479/at:ista:12132
apa: Redchenko, E. (2022). Controllable states of superconducting Qubit ensembles.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12132
chicago: Redchenko, Elena. “Controllable States of Superconducting Qubit Ensembles.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12132.
ieee: E. Redchenko, “Controllable states of superconducting Qubit ensembles,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Redchenko E. 2022. Controllable states of superconducting Qubit ensembles.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Redchenko, Elena. Controllable States of Superconducting Qubit Ensembles.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12132.
short: E. Redchenko, Controllable States of Superconducting Qubit Ensembles, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-25T09:17:02Z
date_published: 2022-09-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-26T09:29:07Z
day: '26'
ddc:
- '530'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12132
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 39eabb1e006b41335f17f3b29af09648
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-25T09:41:49Z
date_updated: 2023-01-26T23:30:44Z
embargo: 2022-12-28
file_id: '12367'
file_name: Final_Thesis_ES_Redchenko.pdf
file_size: 56076868
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-01-26T23:30:44Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '168'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '758053'
name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 237CBA6C-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '862644'
name: Quantum readout techniques and technologies
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-024-4
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Johannes M
full_name: Fink, Johannes M
id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fink
orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
title: Controllable states of superconducting Qubit ensembles
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11932'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The ability to form and retrieve memories is central to survival. In mammals,
the hippocampus\r\nis a brain region essential to the acquisition and consolidation
of new memories. It is also\r\ninvolved in keeping track of one’s position in
space and aids navigation. Although this\r\nspace-memory has been a source of
contradiction, evidence supports the view that the role of\r\nthe hippocampus
in navigation is memory, thanks to the formation of cognitive maps. First\r\nintroduced
by Tolman in 1948, cognitive maps are generally used to organize experiences in\r\nmemory;
however, the detailed mechanisms by which these maps are formed and stored are
not\r\nyet agreed upon. Some influential theories describe this process as involving
three fundamental\r\nsteps: initial encoding by the hippocampus, interactions
between the hippocampus and other\r\ncortical areas, and long-term extra-hippocampal
consolidation. In this thesis, I will show how\r\nthe investigation of cognitive
maps of space helped to shed light on each of these three memory\r\nprocesses.\r\nThe
first study included in this thesis deals with the initial encoding of spatial
memories in\r\nthe hippocampus. Much is known about encoding at the level of single
cells, but less about\r\ntheir co-activity or joint contribution to the encoding
of novel spatial information. I will\r\ndescribe the structure of an interaction
network that allows for efficient encoding of noisy\r\nspatial information during
the first exploration of a novel environment.\r\nThe second study describes the
interactions between the hippocampus and the prefrontal\r\ncortex (PFC), two areas
directly and indirectly connected. It is known that the PFC, in concert\r\nwith
the hippocampus, is involved in various processes, including memory storage and
spatial\r\nnavigation. Nonetheless, the detailed mechanisms by which PFC receives
information from the\r\nhippocampus are not clear. I will show how a transient
improvement in theta phase locking of\r\nPFC cells enables interactions of cell
pairs across the two regions.\r\nThe third study describes the learning of behaviorally-relevant
spatial locations in the hippocampus and the medial entorhinal cortex. I will
show how the accumulation of firing around\r\ngoal locations, a correlate of learning,
can shed light on the transition from short- to long-term\r\nspatial memories
and the speed of consolidation in different brain areas.\r\nThe studies included
in this thesis represent the main scientific contributions of my Ph.D. They\r\ninvolve
statistical analyses and models of neural responses of cells in different brain
areas of\r\nrats executing spatial tasks. I will conclude the thesis by discussing
the impact of the findings\r\non principles of memory formation and retention,
including the mechanisms, the speed, and\r\nthe duration of these processes."
acknowledgement: I acknowledge the support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement
No. 665385.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Michele
full_name: Nardin, Michele
id: 30BD0376-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Nardin
orcid: 0000-0001-8849-6570
citation:
ama: Nardin M. On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11932
apa: Nardin, M. (2022). On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial
memories. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11932
chicago: Nardin, Michele. “On the Encoding, Transfer, and Consolidation of Spatial
Memories.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11932.
ieee: M. Nardin, “On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Nardin M. 2022. On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Nardin, Michele. On the Encoding, Transfer, and Consolidation of Spatial
Memories. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11932.
short: M. Nardin, On the Encoding, Transfer, and Consolidation of Spatial Memories,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-08-19T08:52:30Z
date_published: 2022-08-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T12:02:14Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '573'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoCs
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11932
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 2dbb70c74aaa3b64c1f463e943baf09c
content_type: application/zip
creator: mnardin
date_created: 2022-08-19T16:31:34Z
date_updated: 2023-06-20T22:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '11935'
file_name: Michele Nardin, Ph.D. Thesis - ISTA (1).zip
file_size: 13515457
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 0ec94035ea35a47a9f589ed168e60b48
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mnardin
date_created: 2022-08-22T09:43:50Z
date_updated: 2023-06-20T22:30:04Z
embargo: 2023-06-19
file_id: '11941'
file_name: Michele_Nardin_Phd_Thesis_PDFA.pdf
file_size: 9906458
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-06-20T22:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '136'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10077'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6194'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jozsef L
full_name: Csicsvari, Jozsef L
id: 3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Csicsvari
orcid: 0000-0002-5193-4036
title: On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12378'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Environmental cues influence the highly dynamic morphology of microglia.
Strategies to \r\ncharacterize these changes usually involve user-selected morphometric
features, which \r\npreclude the identification of a spectrum of context-dependent
morphological phenotypes. \r\nHere, we develop MorphOMICs, a topological data
analysis approach, which enables semi\x02automatic mapping of microglial morphology
into an atlas of cue-dependent phenotypes,\r\novercomes feature-selection bias
and minimizes biological variability. \r\nFirst, with MorphOMICs we derive the
morphological spectrum of microglia across seven \r\nbrain regions during postnatal
development and in two distinct Alzheimer’s disease \r\ndegeneration mouse models.
We uncover region-specific and sexually dimorphic\r\nmorphological trajectories,
with females showing an earlier morphological shift than males in \r\nthe degenerating
brain. Overall, we demonstrate that both long primary- and short terminal \r\nprocesses
provide distinct insights to morphological phenotypes. Moreover, using machine
\r\nlearning to map novel condition on the spectrum, we observe that microglia
morphologies \r\nreflect a dose-dependent adaptation upon ketamine anesthesia
and do not recover to control \r\nmorphologies.\r\nNext, we took advantage of
MorphOMICs to build a high-resolution and layer-specific map of \r\nmicroglial
morphological spectrum in the retina, covering postnatal development and rd10
\r\ndegeneration. Here, following photoreceptor death, microglia assume an early
development\x02like morphology. Finally, we map microglial morphology following
optic nerve crush on the \r\nretinal spectrum and observe a layer- and sex-dependent
response. \r\nOverall, MorphOMICs opens a new perspective to analyze microglial
morphology across \r\nmultiple conditions, and provides a novel tool to characterize
microglial morphology beyond \r\nthe traditionally dichotomized view of microglia."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: PreCl
- _id: Bio
- _id: ScienComp
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Gloria
full_name: Colombo, Gloria
id: 3483CF6C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Colombo
orcid: 0000-0001-9434-8902
citation:
ama: Colombo G. MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals brain
region- and sex-dependent phenotypes. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12378
apa: Colombo, G. (2022). MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology,
reveals brain region- and sex-dependent phenotypes. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12378
chicago: Colombo, Gloria. “MorphOMICs, a Tool for Mapping Microglial Morphology,
Reveals Brain Region- and Sex-Dependent Phenotypes.” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12378.
ieee: G. Colombo, “MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals
brain region- and sex-dependent phenotypes,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
ista: Colombo G. 2022. MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals
brain region- and sex-dependent phenotypes. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Colombo, Gloria. MorphOMICs, a Tool for Mapping Microglial Morphology, Reveals
Brain Region- and Sex-Dependent Phenotypes. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12378.
short: G. Colombo, MorphOMICs, a Tool for Mapping Microglial Morphology, Reveals
Brain Region- and Sex-Dependent Phenotypes, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-25T14:27:43Z
date_published: 2022-11-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-04T09:40:37Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: SaSi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12378
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 8cd3ddfe9b53381dcf086023d8d8893a
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-25T14:31:32Z
date_updated: 2023-04-12T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '12379'
file_name: Gloria_Colombo_Thesis.docx
file_size: 23890382
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8af4319c18b516e8758e9a6cb02b103b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-25T14:31:36Z
date_updated: 2023-04-12T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-04-11
file_id: '12380'
file_name: Gloria_Colombo_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 13802421
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-04-12T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '142'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '12244'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Sandra
full_name: Siegert, Sandra
id: 36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Siegert
orcid: 0000-0001-8635-0877
title: MorphOMICs, a tool for mapping microglial morphology, reveals brain region-
and sex-dependent phenotypes
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12401'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Detachment of the cancer cells from the bulk of the tumor is the first step
of metastasis, which\r\nis the primary cause of cancer related deaths. It is unclear,
which factors contribute to this step.\r\nRecent studies indicate a crucial role
of the tumor microenvironment in malignant\r\ntransformation and metastasis. Studying
cancer cell invasion and detachments quantitatively in\r\nthe context of its physiological
microenvironment is technically challenging. Especially, precise\r\ncontrol of
microenvironmental properties in vivo is currently not possible. Here, I studied
the\r\nrole of microenvironment geometry in the invasion and detachment of cancer
cells from the\r\nbulk with a simplistic and reductionist approach. In this approach,
I engineered microfluidic\r\ndevices to mimic a pseudo 3D extracellular matrix
environment, where I was able to\r\nquantitatively tune the geometrical configuration
of the microenvironment and follow tumor\r\ncells with fluorescence live imaging.
To aid quantitative analysis I developed a widely applicable\r\nsoftware application
to automatically analyze and visualize particle tracking data.\r\nQuantitative
analysis of tumor cell invasion in isotropic and anisotropic microenvironments\r\nshowed
that heterogeneity in the microenvironment promotes faster invasion and more\r\nfrequent
detachment of cells. These observations correlated with overall higher speed of
cells at\r\nthe edge of the bulk of the cells. In heterogeneous microenvironments
cells preferentially\r\npassed through larger pores, thus invading areas of least
resistance and generating finger-like\r\ninvasive structures. The detachments
occurred mostly at the tips of these structures.\r\nTo investigate the potential
mechanism, we established a two dimensional model to simulate\r\nactive Brownian
particles representing the cell nuclei dynamics. These simulations backed our
in\r\nvitro observations without the need of precise fitting the simulation parameters.
Our model\r\nsuggests the importance of the pore heterogeneity in the direction
perpendicular to the\r\norientation of bias field (lateral heterogeneity), which
causes the interface roughening."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Saren
full_name: Tasciyan, Saren
id: 4323B49C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tasciyan
orcid: 0000-0003-1671-393X
citation:
ama: Tasciyan S. Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion.
2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12401
apa: Tasciyan, S. (2022). Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell
invasion. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12401
chicago: Tasciyan, Saren. “Role of Microenvironment Heterogeneity in Cancer Cell
Invasion.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12401.
ieee: S. Tasciyan, “Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Tasciyan S. 2022. Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Tasciyan, Saren. Role of Microenvironment Heterogeneity in Cancer Cell Invasion.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12401.
short: S. Tasciyan, Role of Microenvironment Heterogeneity in Cancer Cell Invasion,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-26T11:55:16Z
date_published: 2022-12-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-12-21T23:30:04Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '610'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12401
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: cc4a2b4a7e3c4ee8ef7f2dbf909b12bd
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-26T11:58:14Z
date_updated: 2023-12-21T23:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-12-20
file_id: '12402'
file_name: PhD-Thesis_Saren Tasciyan_formatted_aftercrash_fixed_600dpi_95pc_final_PDFA3b.pdf
file_size: 42059787
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: f1b4ca98b8ab0cb043b1830971e9bd9c
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-26T12:00:10Z
date_updated: 2023-12-21T23:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '12403'
file_name: Source Files - Saren Tasciyan - PhD Thesis.zip
file_size: 261256696
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-12-21T23:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '105'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '679'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10703'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9429'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7885'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Michael K
full_name: Sixt, Michael K
id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sixt
orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
title: Role of microenvironment heterogeneity in cancer cell invasion
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11193'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The infiltration of immune cells into tissues underlies the establishment
of tissue-resident\r\nmacrophages and responses to infections and tumors. However,
the mechanisms immune\r\ncells utilize to collectively migrate through tissue
barriers in vivo are not yet well understood.\r\nIn this thesis, I describe two
mechanisms that Drosophila immune cells (hemocytes) use to\r\novercome the tissue
barrier of the germband in the embryo. One strategy is the strengthening\r\nof
the actin cortex through developmentally controlled transcriptional regulation
induced by\r\nthe Drosophila proto-oncogene family member Dfos, which I show in
Chapter 2. Dfos induces\r\nexpression of the tetraspanin TM4SF and the filamin
Cher leading to higher levels of the\r\nactivated formin Dia at the cortex and
increased cortical F-actin. This enhanced cortical\r\nstrength allows hemocytes
to overcome the physical resistance of the surrounding tissue and\r\ntranslocate
their nucleus to move forward. This mechanism affects the speed of migration\r\nwhen
hemocytes face a confined environment in vivo.\r\nAnother aspect of the invasion
process is the initial step of the leading hemocytes entering\r\nthe tissue, which
potentially guides the follower cells. In Chapter 3, I describe a novel\r\nsubpopulation
of hemocytes activated by BMP signaling prior to tissue invasion that leads\r\npenetration
into the germband. Hemocytes that are deficient in BMP signaling activation\r\nshow
impaired persistence at the tissue entry, while their migration speed remains\r\nunaffected.\r\nThis
suggests that there might be different mechanisms controlling immune cell migration\r\nwithin
the confined environment in vivo, one of these being the general ability to overcome\r\nthe
resistance of the surrounding tissue and another affecting the order of hemocytes
that\r\ncollectively invade the tissue in a stream of individual cells.\r\nTogether,
my findings provide deeper insights into transcriptional changes in immune\r\ncells
that enable efficient tissue invasion and pave the way for future studies investigating
the\r\nearly colonization of tissues by macrophages in higher organisms. Moreover,
they extend the\r\ncurrent view of Drosophila immune cell heterogeneity and point
toward a potentially\r\nconserved role for canonical BMP signaling in specifying
immune cells that lead the migration\r\nof tissue resident macrophages during
embryogenesis."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Stephanie
full_name: Wachner, Stephanie
id: 2A95E7B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wachner
citation:
ama: Wachner S. Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support tissue
invasion of Drosophila immune cells. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:11193
apa: Wachner, S. (2022). Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling
support tissue invasion of Drosophila immune cells. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11193
chicago: Wachner, Stephanie. “Transcriptional Regulation by Dfos and BMP-Signaling
Support Tissue Invasion of Drosophila Immune Cells.” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:11193.
ieee: S. Wachner, “Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support
tissue invasion of Drosophila immune cells,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
ista: Wachner S. 2022. Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support
tissue invasion of Drosophila immune cells. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Wachner, Stephanie. Transcriptional Regulation by Dfos and BMP-Signaling
Support Tissue Invasion of Drosophila Immune Cells. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:11193.
short: S. Wachner, Transcriptional Regulation by Dfos and BMP-Signaling Support
Tissue Invasion of Drosophila Immune Cells, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2022-04-20T08:59:07Z
date_published: 2022-04-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T10:15:54Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaSi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:11193
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 999ab16884c4522486136ebc5ae8dbff
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2022-04-20T09:03:57Z
date_updated: 2023-04-21T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-04-20
file_id: '11195'
file_name: Thesis_Stephanie_Wachner_20200414_formatted.pdf
file_size: 8820951
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: fd92b1e38d53bdf8b458213882d41383
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2022-04-22T12:41:00Z
date_updated: 2023-04-21T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '11329'
file_name: Thesis_Stephanie_Wachner_20200414.zip
file_size: 65864612
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-04-21T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '170'
project:
- _id: 26199CA4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '24800'
name: Tissue barrier penetration is crucial for immunity and metastasis
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10614'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '544'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Daria E
full_name: Siekhaus, Daria E
id: 3D224B9E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Siekhaus
orcid: 0000-0001-8323-8353
title: Transcriptional regulation by Dfos and BMP-signaling support tissue invasion
of Drosophila immune cells
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12364'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders
character\x02ized by behavioral symptoms such as problems in social communication
and interaction, as\r\nwell as repetitive, restricted behaviors and interests.
These disorders show a high degree\r\nof heritability and hundreds of risk genes
have been identifed using high throughput\r\nsequencing technologies. This genetic
heterogeneity has hampered eforts in understanding\r\nthe pathogenesis of ASD
but at the same time given rise to the concept of convergent\r\nmechanisms. Previous
studies have identifed that risk genes for ASD broadly converge\r\nonto specifc
functional categories with transcriptional regulation being one of the biggest\r\ngroups.
In this thesis, I focus on this subgroup of genes and investigate the gene regulatory\r\nconsequences
of some of them in the context of neurodevelopment.\r\nFirst, we showed that mutations
in the ASD and intellectual disability risk gene Setd5 lead\r\nto perturbations
of gene regulatory programs in early cell fate specifcation. In addition,\r\nadult
animals display abnormal learning behavior which is mirrored at the transcriptional\r\nlevel
by altered activity dependent regulation of postsynaptic gene expression. Lastly,\r\nwe
link the regulatory function of Setd5 to its interaction with the Paf1 and the
NCoR\r\ncomplex.\r\nSecond, by modeling the heterozygous loss of the top ASD gene
CHD8 in human cerebral\r\norganoids we demonstrate profound changes in the developmental
trajectories of both\r\ninhibitory and excitatory neurons using single cell RNA-sequencing.
While the former\r\nwere generated earlier in CHD8+/- organoids, the generation
of the latter was shifted to\r\nlater times in favor of a prolonged progenitor
expansion phase and ultimately increased\r\norganoid size.\r\nFinally, by modeling
heterozygous mutations for four ASD associated chromatin modifers,\r\nASH1L, KDM6B,
KMT5B, and SETD5 in human cortical spheroids we show evidence of\r\nregulatory
convergence across three of those genes. We observe a shift from dorsal cortical\r\nexcitatory
neuron fates towards partially ventralized cell types resembling cells from the\r\nlateral
ganglionic eminence. As this project is still ongoing at the time of writing,
future\r\nexperiments will aim at elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying
this shift with\r\nthe aim of linking these three ASD risk genes through biological
convergence."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Dotter, Christoph
id: 4C66542E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Dotter
orcid: 0000-0002-9033-9096
citation:
ama: Dotter C. Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated with
Autism Spectrum Disorder. 2022. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12094
apa: Dotter, C. (2022). Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12094
chicago: Dotter, Christoph. “Transcriptional Consequences of Mutations in Genes
Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2022. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12094.
ieee: C. Dotter, “Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
ista: Dotter C. 2022. Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Dotter, Christoph. Transcriptional Consequences of Mutations in Genes Associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2022, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12094.
short: C. Dotter, Transcriptional Consequences of Mutations in Genes Associated
with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
date_created: 2023-01-24T13:09:57Z
date_published: 2022-09-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-16T13:10:22Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GaNo
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12094
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 896f4cac9adb6d3f26a6605772f4e1a3
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-01-24T13:15:45Z
date_updated: 2023-09-20T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2023-09-19
file_id: '12365'
file_name: 220923_Thesis_CDotter_Final.pdf
file_size: 20457465
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: ad01bb20da163be6893b7af832e58419
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2023-02-02T09:15:35Z
date_updated: 2023-09-20T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '12482'
file_name: latex_source_CDotter_Thesis_2022.zip
file_size: 22433512
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2023-09-20T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '152'
project:
- _id: 254BA948-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '401299'
name: Probing development and reversibility of autism spectrum disorders
- _id: 9B91375C-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
grant_number: '707964'
name: Critical windows and reversibility of ASD associated with mutations in chromatin
remodelers
- _id: 25444568-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '715508'
name: Probing the Reversibility of Autism Spectrum Disorders by Employing in vivo
and in vitro Models
- _id: 2690FEAC-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: I04205
name: Identification of converging Molecular Pathways Across Chromatinopathies as
Targets for Therapy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '3'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '11160'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Gaia
full_name: Novarino, Gaia
id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Novarino
orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
title: Transcriptional consequences of mutations in genes associated with Autism Spectrum
Disorder
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '9056'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In this thesis we study persistence of multi-covers of Euclidean balls and
the geometric structures underlying their computation, in particular Delaunay
mosaics and Voronoi tessellations. The k-fold cover for some discrete input point
set consists of the space where at least k balls of radius r around the input
points overlap. Persistence is a notion that captures, in some sense, the topology
of the shape underlying the input. While persistence is usually computed for the
union of balls, the k-fold cover is of interest as it captures local density,\r\nand
thus might approximate the shape of the input better if the input data is noisy.
To compute persistence of these k-fold covers, we need a discretization that is
provided by higher-order Delaunay mosaics. We present and implement a simple and
efficient algorithm for the computation of higher-order Delaunay mosaics, and
use it to give experimental results for their combinatorial properties. The algorithm
makes use of a new geometric structure, the rhomboid tiling. It contains the higher-order
Delaunay mosaics as slices, and by introducing a filtration\r\nfunction on the
tiling, we also obtain higher-order α-shapes as slices. These allow us to compute
persistence of the multi-covers for varying radius r; the computation for varying
k is less straight-foward and involves the rhomboid tiling directly. We apply
our algorithms to experimental sphere packings to shed light on their structural
properties. Finally, inspired by periodic structures in packings and materials,
we propose and implement an algorithm for periodic Delaunay triangulations to
be integrated into the Computational Geometry Algorithms Library (CGAL), and discuss
the implications on persistence for periodic data sets."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Georg F
full_name: Osang, Georg F
id: 464B40D6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Osang
orcid: 0000-0002-8882-5116
citation:
ama: Osang GF. Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics. 2021. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056
apa: Osang, G. F. (2021). Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056
chicago: Osang, Georg F. “Multi-Cover Persistence and Delaunay Mosaics.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056.
ieee: G. F. Osang, “Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics,” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, 2021.
ista: 'Osang GF. 2021. Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics. Klosterneuburg:
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: Osang, Georg F. Multi-Cover Persistence and Delaunay Mosaics. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056.
short: G.F. Osang, Multi-Cover Persistence and Delaunay Mosaics, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-02-02T14:11:06Z
date_published: 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:29:01Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '006'
- '514'
- '516'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HeEd
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:9056
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: bcf27986147cab0533b6abadd74e7629
content_type: application/zip
creator: patrickd
date_created: 2021-02-02T14:09:25Z
date_updated: 2021-02-03T10:37:28Z
file_id: '9063'
file_name: thesis_source.zip
file_size: 13446994
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 9cc8af266579a464385bbe2aff6af606
content_type: application/pdf
creator: patrickd
date_created: 2021-02-02T14:09:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-02T14:09:18Z
file_id: '9064'
file_name: thesis_pdfA2b.pdf
file_size: 5210329
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-02-03T10:37:28Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '134'
place: Klosterneuburg
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '187'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8703'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Herbert
full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert
id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Edelsbrunner
orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833
title: Multi-cover persistence and Delaunay mosaics
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9022'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In the first part of the thesis we consider Hermitian random matrices. Firstly,
we consider sample covariance matrices XX∗ with X having independent identically
distributed (i.i.d.) centred entries. We prove a Central Limit Theorem for differences
of linear statistics of XX∗ and its minor after removing the first column of X.
Secondly, we consider Wigner-type matrices and prove that the eigenvalue statistics
near cusp singularities of the limiting density of states are universal and that
they form a Pearcey process. Since the limiting eigenvalue distribution admits
only square root (edge) and cubic root (cusp) singularities, this concludes the
third and last remaining case of the Wigner-Dyson-Mehta universality conjecture.
The main technical ingredients are an optimal local law at the cusp, and the proof
of the fast relaxation to equilibrium of the Dyson Brownian motion in the cusp
regime.\r\nIn the second part we consider non-Hermitian matrices X with centred
i.i.d. entries. We normalise the entries of X to have variance N −1. It is well
known that the empirical eigenvalue density converges to the uniform distribution
on the unit disk (circular law). In the first project, we prove universality of
the local eigenvalue statistics close to the edge of the spectrum. This is the
non-Hermitian analogue of the TracyWidom universality at the Hermitian edge. Technically
we analyse the evolution of the spectral distribution of X along the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck
flow for very long time\r\n(up to t = +∞). In the second project, we consider
linear statistics of eigenvalues for macroscopic test functions f in the Sobolev
space H2+ϵ and prove their convergence to the projection of the Gaussian Free
Field on the unit disk. We prove this result for non-Hermitian matrices with real
or complex entries. The main technical ingredients are: (i) local law for products
of two resolvents at different spectral parameters, (ii) analysis of correlated
Dyson Brownian motions.\r\nIn the third and final part we discuss the mathematically
rigorous application of supersymmetric techniques (SUSY ) to give a lower tail
estimate of the lowest singular value of X − z, with z ∈ C. More precisely, we
use superbosonisation formula to give an integral representation of the resolvent
of (X − z)(X − z)∗ which reduces to two and three contour integrals in the complex
and real case, respectively. The rigorous analysis of these integrals is quite
challenging since simple saddle point analysis cannot be applied (the main contribution
comes from a non-trivial manifold). Our result\r\nimproves classical smoothing
inequalities in the regime |z| ≈ 1; this result is essential to prove edge universality
for i.i.d. non-Hermitian matrices."
acknowledgement: I gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Grant Agreement No. 665385 and my advisor’s ERC Advanced Grant No. 338804.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Giorgio
full_name: Cipolloni, Giorgio
id: 42198EFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cipolloni
orcid: 0000-0002-4901-7992
citation:
ama: Cipolloni G. Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices. 2021. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022
apa: Cipolloni, G. (2021). Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022
chicago: Cipolloni, Giorgio. “Fluctuations in the Spectrum of Random Matrices.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022.
ieee: G. Cipolloni, “Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Cipolloni G. 2021. Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Cipolloni, Giorgio. Fluctuations in the Spectrum of Random Matrices.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022.
short: G. Cipolloni, Fluctuations in the Spectrum of Random Matrices, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-01-21T18:16:54Z
date_published: 2021-01-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:29:32Z
day: '25'
ddc:
- '510'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: LaEr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:9022
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 5a93658a5f19478372523ee232887e2b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: gcipollo
date_created: 2021-01-25T14:19:03Z
date_updated: 2021-01-25T14:19:03Z
file_id: '9043'
file_name: thesis.pdf
file_size: 4127796
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: e8270eddfe6a988e92a53c88d1d19b8c
content_type: application/zip
creator: gcipollo
date_created: 2021-01-25T14:19:10Z
date_updated: 2021-01-25T14:19:10Z
file_id: '9044'
file_name: Thesis_files.zip
file_size: 12775206
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-01-25T14:19:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '380'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 258DCDE6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '338804'
name: Random matrices, universality and disordered quantum systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
title: Fluctuations in the spectrum of random matrices
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10007'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The present thesis is concerned with the derivation of weak-strong uniqueness
principles for curvature driven interface evolution problems not satisfying a
comparison principle. The specific examples being treated are two-phase Navier-Stokes
flow with surface tension, modeling the evolution of two incompressible, viscous
and immiscible fluids separated by a sharp interface, and multiphase mean curvature
flow, which serves as an idealized model for the motion of grain boundaries in
an annealing polycrystalline material. Our main results - obtained in joint works
with Julian Fischer, Tim Laux and Theresa M. Simon - state that prior to the formation
of geometric singularities due to topology changes, the weak solution concept
of Abels (Interfaces Free Bound. 9, 2007) to two-phase Navier-Stokes flow with
surface tension and the weak solution concept of Laux and Otto (Calc. Var. Partial
Differential Equations 55, 2016) to multiphase mean curvature flow (for networks
in R^2 or double bubbles in R^3) represents the unique solution to these interface
evolution problems within the class of classical solutions, respectively. To the
best of the author's knowledge, for interface evolution problems not admitting
a geometric comparison principle the derivation of a weak-strong uniqueness principle
represented an open problem, so that the works contained in the present thesis
constitute the first positive results in this direction. The key ingredient of
our approach consists of the introduction of a novel concept of relative entropies
for a class of curvature driven interface evolution problems, for which the associated
energy contains an interfacial contribution being proportional to the surface
area of the evolving (network of) interface(s). The interfacial part of the relative
entropy gives sufficient control on the interface error between a weak and a classical
solution, and its time evolution can be computed, at least in principle, for any
energy dissipating weak solution concept. A resulting stability estimate for the
relative entropy essentially entails the above mentioned weak-strong uniqueness
principles. The present thesis contains a detailed introduction to our relative
entropy approach, which in particular highlights potential applications to other
problems in curvature driven interface evolution not treated in this thesis.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Sebastian
full_name: Hensel, Sebastian
id: 4D23B7DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hensel
orcid: 0000-0001-7252-8072
citation:
ama: 'Hensel S. Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties of weak
solution concepts. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10007'
apa: 'Hensel, S. (2021). Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties
of weak solution concepts. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10007'
chicago: 'Hensel, Sebastian. “Curvature Driven Interface Evolution: Uniqueness Properties
of Weak Solution Concepts.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10007.'
ieee: 'S. Hensel, “Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties of
weak solution concepts,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.'
ista: 'Hensel S. 2021. Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties
of weak solution concepts. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Hensel, Sebastian. Curvature Driven Interface Evolution: Uniqueness Properties
of Weak Solution Concepts. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021,
doi:10.15479/at:ista:10007.'
short: 'S. Hensel, Curvature Driven Interface Evolution: Uniqueness Properties of
Weak Solution Concepts, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.'
date_created: 2021-09-13T11:12:34Z
date_published: 2021-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:30:45Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '515'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JuFi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10007
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: c8475faaf0b680b4971f638f1db16347
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: shensel
date_created: 2021-09-13T11:03:24Z
date_updated: 2021-09-15T14:37:30Z
file_id: '10008'
file_name: thesis_final_Hensel.zip
file_size: 15022154
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 1a609937aa5275452822f45f2da17f07
content_type: application/pdf
creator: shensel
date_created: 2021-09-13T14:18:56Z
date_updated: 2021-09-14T09:52:47Z
file_id: '10014'
file_name: thesis_final_Hensel.pdf
file_size: 6583638
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-09-15T14:37:30Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '300'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 0aa76401-070f-11eb-9043-b5bb049fa26d
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '948819'
name: Bridging Scales in Random Materials
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10012'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10013'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7489'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Julian L
full_name: Fischer, Julian L
id: 2C12A0B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fischer
orcid: 0000-0002-0479-558X
title: 'Curvature driven interface evolution: Uniqueness properties of weak solution
concepts'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10030'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "This PhD thesis is primarily focused on the study of discrete transport problems,
introduced for the first time in the seminal works of Maas [Maa11] and Mielke
[Mie11] on finite state Markov chains and reaction-diffusion equations, respectively.
More in detail, my research focuses on the study of transport costs on graphs,
in particular the convergence and the stability of such problems in the discrete-to-continuum
limit. This thesis also includes some results concerning\r\nnon-commutative optimal
transport. The first chapter of this thesis consists of a general introduction
to the optimal transport problems, both in the discrete, the continuous, and the
non-commutative setting. Chapters 2 and 3 present the content of two works, obtained
in collaboration with Peter Gladbach, Eva Kopfer, and Jan Maas, where we have
been able to show the convergence of discrete transport costs on periodic graphs
to suitable continuous ones, which can be described by means of a homogenisation
result. We first focus on the particular case of quadratic costs on the real line
and then extending the result to more general costs in arbitrary dimension. Our
results are the first complete characterisation of limits of transport costs on
periodic graphs in arbitrary dimension which do not rely on any additional symmetry.
In Chapter 4 we turn our attention to one of the intriguing connection between
evolution equations and optimal transport, represented by the theory of gradient
flows. We show that discrete gradient flow structures associated to a finite volume
approximation of a certain class of diffusive equations (Fokker–Planck) is stable
in the limit of vanishing meshes, reproving the convergence of the scheme via
the method of evolutionary Γ-convergence and exploiting a more variational point
of view on the problem. This is based on a collaboration with Dominik Forkert
and Jan Maas. Chapter 5 represents a change of perspective, moving away from the
discrete world and reaching the non-commutative one. As in the discrete case,
we discuss how classical tools coming from the commutative optimal transport can
be translated into the setting of density matrices. In particular, in this final
chapter we present a non-commutative version of the Schrödinger problem (or entropic
regularised optimal transport problem) and discuss existence and characterisation
of minimisers, a duality result, and present a non-commutative version of the
well-known Sinkhorn algorithm to compute the above mentioned optimisers. This
is based on a joint work with Dario Feliciangeli and Augusto Gerolin. Finally,
Appendix A and B contain some additional material and discussions, with particular
attention to Harnack inequalities and the regularity of flows on discrete spaces."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: The author gratefully acknowledges support by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF), grants No W1245.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lorenzo
full_name: Portinale, Lorenzo
id: 30AD2CBC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Portinale
citation:
ama: Portinale L. Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and gradient
flows in the space of measures. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10030
apa: Portinale, L. (2021). Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems
and gradient flows in the space of measures. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10030
chicago: Portinale, Lorenzo. “Discrete-to-Continuum Limits of Transport Problems
and Gradient Flows in the Space of Measures.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10030.
ieee: L. Portinale, “Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and gradient
flows in the space of measures,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2021.
ista: Portinale L. 2021. Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and
gradient flows in the space of measures. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Portinale, Lorenzo. Discrete-to-Continuum Limits of Transport Problems and
Gradient Flows in the Space of Measures. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10030.
short: L. Portinale, Discrete-to-Continuum Limits of Transport Problems and Gradient
Flows in the Space of Measures, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-21T09:14:15Z
date_published: 2021-09-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:31:06Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '515'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10030
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 8cd60dcb8762e8f21867e21e8001e183
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-09-21T09:17:34Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:14:42Z
file_id: '10032'
file_name: tex_and_pictures.zip
file_size: 3876668
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 9789e9d967c853c1503ec7f307170279
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-09-27T11:14:31Z
date_updated: 2021-09-27T11:14:31Z
file_id: '10047'
file_name: thesis_portinale_Final (1).pdf
file_size: 2532673
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:14:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 260788DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
name: Dissipation and Dispersion in Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
- _id: fc31cba2-9c52-11eb-aca3-ff467d239cd2
grant_number: F6504
name: Taming Complexity in Partial Differential Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10022'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9792'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7573'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Maas, Jan
id: 4C5696CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Maas
orcid: 0000-0002-0845-1338
title: Discrete-to-continuum limits of transport problems and gradient flows in the
space of measures
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9920'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'This work is concerned with two fascinating circuit quantum electrodynamics
components, the Josephson junction and the geometric superinductor, and the interesting
experiments that can be done by combining the two. The Josephson junction has
revolutionized the field of superconducting circuits as a non-linear dissipation-less
circuit element and is used in almost all superconducting qubit implementations
since the 90s. On the other hand, the superinductor is a relatively new circuit
element introduced as a key component of the fluxonium qubit in 2009. This is
an inductor with characteristic impedance larger than the resistance quantum and
self-resonance frequency in the GHz regime. The combination of these two elements
can occur in two fundamental ways: in parallel and in series. When connected in
parallel the two create the fluxonium qubit, a loop with large inductance and
a rich energy spectrum reliant on quantum tunneling. On the other hand placing
the two elements in series aids with the measurement of the IV curve of a single
Josephson junction in a high impedance environment. In this limit theory predicts
that the junction will behave as its dual element: the phase-slip junction. While
the Josephson junction acts as a non-linear inductor the phase-slip junction has
the behavior of a non-linear capacitance and can be used to measure new Josephson
junction phenomena, namely Coulomb blockade of Cooper pairs and phase-locked Bloch
oscillations. The latter experiment allows for a direct link between frequency
and current which is an elusive connection in quantum metrology. This work introduces
the geometric superinductor, a superconducting circuit element where the high
inductance is due to the geometry rather than the material properties of the superconductor,
realized from a highly miniaturized superconducting planar coil. These structures
will be described and characterized as resonators and qubit inductors and progress
towards the measurement of phase-locked Bloch oscillations will be presented.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Matilda
full_name: Peruzzo, Matilda
id: 3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Peruzzo
orcid: 0000-0002-3415-4628
citation:
ama: Peruzzo M. Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit quantum
electrodynamics. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9920
apa: Peruzzo, M. (2021). Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit
quantum electrodynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9920
chicago: Peruzzo, Matilda. “Geometric Superinductors and Their Applications in Circuit
Quantum Electrodynamics.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9920.
ieee: M. Peruzzo, “Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit quantum
electrodynamics,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Peruzzo M. 2021. Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit
quantum electrodynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Peruzzo, Matilda. Geometric Superinductors and Their Applications in Circuit
Quantum Electrodynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021,
doi:10.15479/at:ista:9920.
short: M. Peruzzo, Geometric Superinductors and Their Applications in Circuit Quantum
Electrodynamics, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-08-16T09:44:09Z
date_published: 2021-08-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:31:22Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9920
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 3cd1986efde5121d7581f6fcf9090da8
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: mperuzzo
date_created: 2021-08-16T09:33:21Z
date_updated: 2021-09-06T08:39:47Z
file_id: '9924'
file_name: GeometricSuperinductorsForCQED.zip
file_size: 151387283
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 50928c621cdf0775d7a5906b9dc8602c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mperuzzo
date_created: 2021-08-18T14:20:06Z
date_updated: 2021-09-06T08:39:47Z
file_id: '9939'
file_name: GeometricSuperinductorsAndTheirApplicationsIncQED-1b.pdf
file_size: 17596344
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 37f486aa1b622fe44af00d627ec13f6c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mperuzzo
date_created: 2021-08-18T14:20:09Z
date_updated: 2021-09-06T08:39:47Z
description: Extra copy of the thesis as PDF/A-2b
file_id: '9940'
file_name: GeometricSuperinductorsAndTheirApplicationsIncQED-2b.pdf
file_size: 17592425
relation: other
file_date_updated: 2021-09-06T08:39:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- quantum computing
- superinductor
- quantum metrology
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '149'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-013-8
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9928'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8755'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Johannes M
full_name: Fink, Johannes M
id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fink
orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
title: Geometric superinductors and their applications in circuit quantum electrodynamics
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9418'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Deep learning is best known for its empirical success across a wide range
of applications\r\nspanning computer vision, natural language processing and speech.
Of equal significance,\r\nthough perhaps less known, are its ramifications for
learning theory: deep networks have\r\nbeen observed to perform surprisingly well
in the high-capacity regime, aka the overfitting\r\nor underspecified regime.
Classically, this regime on the far right of the bias-variance curve\r\nis associated
with poor generalisation; however, recent experiments with deep networks\r\nchallenge
this view.\r\n\r\nThis thesis is devoted to investigating various aspects of underspecification
in deep learning.\r\nFirst, we argue that deep learning models are underspecified
on two levels: a) any given\r\ntraining dataset can be fit by many different functions,
and b) any given function can be\r\nexpressed by many different parameter configurations.
We refer to the second kind of\r\nunderspecification as parameterisation redundancy
and we precisely characterise its extent.\r\nSecond, we characterise the implicit
criteria (the inductive bias) that guide learning in the\r\nunderspecified regime.
Specifically, we consider a nonlinear but tractable classification\r\nsetting,
and show that given the choice, neural networks learn classifiers with a large
margin.\r\nThird, we consider learning scenarios where the inductive bias is not
by itself sufficient to\r\ndeal with underspecification. We then study different
ways of ‘tightening the specification’: i)\r\nIn the setting of representation
learning with variational autoencoders, we propose a hand-\r\ncrafted regulariser
based on mutual information. ii) In the setting of binary classification, we\r\nconsider
soft-label (real-valued) supervision. We derive a generalisation bound for linear\r\nnetworks
supervised in this way and verify that soft labels facilitate fast learning. Finally,
we\r\nexplore an application of soft-label supervision to the training of multi-exit
models."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: CampIT
- _id: E-Lib
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Phuong
full_name: Bui Thi Mai, Phuong
id: 3EC6EE64-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bui Thi Mai
citation:
ama: Phuong M. Underspecification in deep learning. 2021. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418
apa: Phuong, M. (2021). Underspecification in deep learning. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418
chicago: Phuong, Mary. “Underspecification in Deep Learning.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418.
ieee: M. Phuong, “Underspecification in deep learning,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Phuong M. 2021. Underspecification in deep learning. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Phuong, Mary. Underspecification in Deep Learning. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418.
short: M. Phuong, Underspecification in Deep Learning, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-05-24T13:06:23Z
date_published: 2021-05-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-08T11:11:12Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: ChLa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 4f0abe64114cfed264f9d36e8d1197e3
content_type: application/pdf
creator: bphuong
date_created: 2021-05-24T11:22:29Z
date_updated: 2021-05-24T11:22:29Z
file_id: '9419'
file_name: mph-thesis-v519-pdfimages.pdf
file_size: 2673905
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: f5699e876bc770a9b0df8345a77720a2
content_type: application/zip
creator: bphuong
date_created: 2021-05-24T11:56:02Z
date_updated: 2021-05-24T11:56:02Z
file_id: '9420'
file_name: thesis.zip
file_size: 92995100
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-05-24T11:56:02Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '125'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7435'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: deleted
- id: '7481'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9416'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7479'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Underspecification in deep learning
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10199'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The design and verification of concurrent systems remains an open challenge
due to the non-determinism that arises from the inter-process communication. In
particular, concurrent programs are notoriously difficult both to be written correctly
and to be analyzed formally, as complex thread interaction has to be accounted
for. The difficulties are further exacerbated when concurrent programs get executed
on modern-day hardware, which contains various buffering and caching mechanisms
for efficiency reasons. This causes further subtle non-determinism, which can
often produce very unintuitive behavior of the concurrent programs. Model checking
is at the forefront of tackling the verification problem, where the task is to
decide, given as input a concurrent system and a desired property, whether the
system satisfies the property. The inherent state-space explosion problem in model
checking of concurrent systems causes naïve explicit methods not to scale, thus
more inventive methods are required. One such method is stateless model checking
(SMC), which explores in memory-efficient manner the program executions rather
than the states of the program. State-of-the-art SMC is typically coupled with
partial order reduction (POR) techniques, which argue that certain executions
provably produce identical system behavior, thus limiting the amount of executions
one needs to explore in order to cover all possible behaviors. Another method
to tackle the state-space explosion is symbolic model checking, where the considered
techniques operate on a succinct implicit representation of the input system rather
than explicitly accessing the system. In this thesis we present new techniques
for verification of concurrent systems. We present several novel POR methods for
SMC of concurrent programs under various models of semantics, some of which account
for write-buffering mechanisms. Additionally, we present novel algorithms for
symbolic model checking of finite-state concurrent systems, where the desired
property of the systems is to ensure a formally defined notion of fairness.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Viktor
full_name: Toman, Viktor
id: 3AF3DA7C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Toman
orcid: 0000-0001-9036-063X
citation:
ama: Toman V. Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10199
apa: Toman, V. (2021). Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10199
chicago: Toman, Viktor. “Improved Verification Techniques for Concurrent Systems.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10199.
ieee: V. Toman, “Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Toman V. 2021. Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Toman, Viktor. Improved Verification Techniques for Concurrent Systems.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10199.
short: V. Toman, Improved Verification Techniques for Concurrent Systems, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-10-29T20:09:01Z
date_published: 2021-10-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T09:59:54Z
day: '31'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10199
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 4f412a1ee60952221b499a4b1268df35
content_type: application/pdf
creator: vtoman
date_created: 2021-11-08T14:12:22Z
date_updated: 2021-11-08T14:12:22Z
file_id: '10225'
file_name: toman_th_final.pdf
file_size: 2915234
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 9584943f99127be2dd2963f6784c37d4
content_type: application/zip
creator: vtoman
date_created: 2021-11-08T14:12:46Z
date_updated: 2021-11-09T09:00:50Z
file_id: '10226'
file_name: toman_thesis.zip
file_size: 8616056
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-11-09T09:00:50Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- concurrency
- verification
- model checking
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '166'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11402-N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '863818'
name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10190'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10191'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9987'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '141'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
title: Improved verification techniques for concurrent systems
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10035'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Many security definitions come in two flavors: a stronger “adaptive” flavor,
where the adversary can arbitrarily make various choices during the course of
the attack, and a weaker “selective” flavor where the adversary must commit to
some or all of their choices a-priori. For example, in the context of identity-based
encryption, selective security requires the adversary to decide on the identity
of the attacked party at the very beginning of the game whereas adaptive security
allows the attacker to first see the master public key and some secret keys before
making this choice. Often, it appears to be much easier to achieve selective security
than it is to achieve adaptive security. A series of several recent works shows
how to cleverly achieve adaptive security in several such scenarios including
generalized selective decryption [Pan07][FJP15], constrained PRFs [FKPR14], and
Yao’s garbled circuits [JW16]. Although the above works expressed vague intuition
that they share a common technique, the connection was never made precise. In
this work we present a new framework (published at Crypto ’17 [JKK+17a]) that
connects all of these works and allows us to present them in a unified and simplified
fashion. Having the framework in place, we show how to achieve adaptive security
for proxy re-encryption schemes (published at PKC ’19 [FKKP19]) and provide the
first adaptive security proofs for continuous group key agreement protocols (published
at S&P ’21 [KPW+21]). Questioning optimality of our framework, we then show that
currently used proof techniques cannot lead to significantly better security guarantees
for "graph-building" games (published at TCC ’21 [KKPW21a]). These games cover
generalized selective decryption, as well as the security of prominent constructions
for constrained PRFs, continuous group key agreement, and proxy re-encryption.
Finally, we revisit the adaptive security of Yao’s garbled circuits and extend
the analysis of Jafargholi and Wichs in two directions: While they prove adaptive
security only for a modified construction with increased online complexity, we
provide the first positive results for the original construction by Yao (published
at TCC ’21 [KKP21a]). On the negative side, we prove that the results of Jafargholi
and Wichs are essentially optimal by showing that no black-box reduction can provide
a significantly better security bound (published at Crypto ’21 [KKPW21c]).'
acknowledgement: "I want to acknowledge the funding by the European Research Council
(ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
(682815 - TOCNeT).\r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Karen
full_name: Klein, Karen
id: 3E83A2F8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Klein
citation:
ama: Klein K. On the adaptive security of graph-based games. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10035
apa: Klein, K. (2021). On the adaptive security of graph-based games. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10035
chicago: Klein, Karen. “On the Adaptive Security of Graph-Based Games.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10035.
ieee: K. Klein, “On the adaptive security of graph-based games,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Klein K. 2021. On the adaptive security of graph-based games. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Klein, Karen. On the Adaptive Security of Graph-Based Games. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10035.
short: K. Klein, On the Adaptive Security of Graph-Based Games, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-23T07:31:44Z
date_published: 2021-09-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-17T09:24:07Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '519'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: KrPi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10035
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 73a44345c683e81f3e765efbf86fdcc5
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-10-04T12:22:33Z
date_updated: 2021-10-04T12:22:33Z
file_id: '10082'
file_name: thesis_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 2104726
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 7b80df30a0e686c3ef6a56d4e1c59e29
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-10-05T07:04:37Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:15:18Z
file_id: '10085'
file_name: thesis_final (1).zip
file_size: 9538359
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:15:18Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '276'
project:
- _id: 258AA5B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '682815'
name: Teaching Old Crypto New Tricks
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10044'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10049'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '637'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10041'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6430'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10048'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krzysztof Z
full_name: Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z
id: 3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pietrzak
orcid: 0000-0002-9139-1654
title: On the adaptive security of graph-based games
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10429'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The scalability of concurrent data structures and distributed algorithms
strongly depends on\r\nreducing the contention for shared resources and the costs
of synchronization and communication. We show how such cost reductions can be
attained by relaxing the strict consistency conditions required by sequential
implementations. In the first part of the thesis, we consider relaxation in the
context of concurrent data structures. Specifically, in data structures \r\nsuch
as priority queues, imposing strong semantics renders scalability impossible,
since a correct implementation of the remove operation should return only the
element with highest priority. Intuitively, attempting to invoke remove operations
concurrently creates a race condition. This bottleneck can be circumvented by
relaxing semantics of the affected data structure, thus allowing removal of the
elements which are no longer required to have the highest priority. We prove that
the randomized implementations of relaxed data structures provide provable guarantees
on the priority of the removed elements even under concurrency. Additionally,
we show that in some cases the relaxed data structures can be used to scale the
classical algorithms which are usually implemented with the exact ones. In the
second part, we study parallel variants of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD)
algorithm, which distribute computation among the multiple processors, thus reducing
the running time. Unfortunately, in order for standard parallel SGD to succeed,
each processor has to maintain a local copy of the necessary model parameter,
which is identical to the local copies of other processors; the overheads from
this perfect consistency in terms of communication and synchronization can negate
the speedup gained by distributing the computation. We show that the consistency
conditions required by SGD can be relaxed, allowing the algorithm to be more
flexible in terms of tolerating quantized communication, asynchrony, or even crash
faults, while its convergence remains asymptotically the same."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Giorgi
full_name: Nadiradze, Giorgi
id: 3279A00C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Nadiradze
orcid: 0000-0001-5634-0731
citation:
ama: Nadiradze G. On achieving scalability through relaxation. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10429
apa: Nadiradze, G. (2021). On achieving scalability through relaxation. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10429
chicago: Nadiradze, Giorgi. “On Achieving Scalability through Relaxation.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10429.
ieee: G. Nadiradze, “On achieving scalability through relaxation,” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Nadiradze G. 2021. On achieving scalability through relaxation. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Nadiradze, Giorgi. On Achieving Scalability through Relaxation. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10429.
short: G. Nadiradze, On Achieving Scalability through Relaxation, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-12-08T21:52:28Z
date_published: 2021-12-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-17T11:48:55Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaAl
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10429
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6bf14e9a523387328f016c0689f5e10e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: gnadirad
date_created: 2021-12-09T17:47:49Z
date_updated: 2021-12-09T17:47:49Z
file_id: '10436'
file_name: Thesis_Final_09_12_2021.pdf
file_size: 2370859
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 914d6c5ca86bd0add471971a8f4c4341
content_type: application/zip
creator: gnadirad
date_created: 2021-12-09T17:47:49Z
date_updated: 2022-03-28T12:55:12Z
file_id: '10437'
file_name: Thesis_Final_09_12_2021.zip
file_size: 2596924
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-28T12:55:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '132'
project:
- _id: 268A44D6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '805223'
name: Elastic Coordination for Scalable Machine Learning
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10432'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6673'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '5965'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10435'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alistarh
orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
title: On achieving scalability through relaxation
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9733'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: This thesis is the result of the research carried out by the author during
his PhD at IST Austria between 2017 and 2021. It mainly focuses on the Fröhlich
polaron model, specifically to its regime of strong coupling. This model, which
is rigorously introduced and discussed in the introduction, has been of great
interest in condensed matter physics and field theory for more than eighty years.
It is used to describe an electron interacting with the atoms of a solid material
(the strength of this interaction is modeled by the presence of a coupling constant
α in the Hamiltonian of the system). The particular regime examined here, which
is mathematically described by considering the limit α →∞, displays many interesting
features related to the emergence of classical behavior, which allows for a simplified
effective description of the system under analysis. The properties, the range
of validity and a quantitative analysis of the precision of such classical approximations
are the main object of the present work. We specify our investigation to the study
of the ground state energy of the system, its dynamics and its effective mass.
For each of these problems, we provide in the introduction an overview of the
previously known results and a detailed account of the original contributions
by the author.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dario
full_name: Feliciangeli, Dario
id: 41A639AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Feliciangeli
orcid: 0000-0003-0754-8530
citation:
ama: Feliciangeli D. The polaron at strong coupling. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9733
apa: Feliciangeli, D. (2021). The polaron at strong coupling. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9733
chicago: Feliciangeli, Dario. “The Polaron at Strong Coupling.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9733.
ieee: D. Feliciangeli, “The polaron at strong coupling,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Feliciangeli D. 2021. The polaron at strong coupling. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Feliciangeli, Dario. The Polaron at Strong Coupling. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9733.
short: D. Feliciangeli, The Polaron at Strong Coupling, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-07-27T15:48:30Z
date_published: 2021-08-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-06T12:30:44Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '515'
- '519'
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: RoSe
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9733
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e88bb8ca43948abe060eb2d2fa719881
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dfelicia
date_created: 2021-08-19T14:03:48Z
date_updated: 2021-09-06T09:28:56Z
file_id: '9944'
file_name: Thesis_FeliciangeliA.pdf
file_size: 1958710
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 72810843abee83705853505b3f8348aa
content_type: application/octet-stream
creator: dfelicia
date_created: 2021-08-19T14:06:35Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:13:57Z
file_id: '9945'
file_name: thesis.7z
file_size: 3771669
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-10T12:13:57Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '180'
project:
- _id: 256E75B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '716117'
name: Optimal Transport and Stochastic Dynamics
- _id: 25C6DC12-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '694227'
name: Analysis of quantum many-body systems
- _id: fc31cba2-9c52-11eb-aca3-ff467d239cd2
grant_number: F6504
name: Taming Complexity in Partial Differential Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9787'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9792'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9225'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9781'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9791'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Seiringer, Robert
id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Seiringer
orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Maas, Jan
id: 4C5696CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Maas
orcid: 0000-0002-0845-1338
title: The polaron at strong coupling
tmp:
image: /image/cc_by_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9992'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Blood – this is what animals use to heal wounds fast and efficient. Plants
do not have blood circulation and their cells cannot move. However, plants have
evolved remarkable capacities to regenerate tissues and organs preventing further
damage. In my PhD research, I studied the wound healing in the Arabidopsis root.
I used a UV laser to ablate single cells in the root tip and observed the consequent
wound healing. Interestingly, the inner adjacent cells induced a\r\ndivision plane
switch and subsequently adopted the cell type of the killed cell to replace it.
We termed this form of wound healing “restorative divisions”. This initial observation
triggered the questions of my PhD studies: How and why do cells orient their division
planes, how do they feel the wound and why does this happen only in inner adjacent
cells.\r\nFor answering these questions, I used a quite simple experimental setup:
5 day - old seedlings were stained with propidium iodide to visualize cell walls
and dead cells; ablation was carried out using a special laser cutter and a confocal
microscope. Adaptation of the novel vertical microscope system made it possible
to observe wounds in real time. This revealed that restorative divisions occur
at increased frequency compared to normal divisions. Additionally,\r\nthe major
plant hormone auxin accumulates in wound adjacent cells and drives the expression
of the wound-stress responsive transcription factor ERF115. Using this as a marker
gene for wound responses, we found that an important part of wound signalling
is the sensing of the collapse of the ablated cell. The collapse causes a radical
pressure drop, which results in strong tissue deformations. These deformations
manifest in an invasion of the now free spot specifically by the inner adjacent
cells within seconds, probably because of higher pressure of the inner tissues.
Long-term imaging revealed that those deformed cells continuously expand towards
the wound hole and that this is crucial for the restorative division. These wound-expanding
cells exhibit an abnormal, biphasic polarity of microtubule arrays\r\nbefore the
division. Experiments inhibiting cell expansion suggest that it is the biphasic
stretching that induces those MT arrays. Adapting the micromanipulator aspiration
system from animal scientists at our institute confirmed the hypothesis that stretching
influences microtubule stability. In conclusion, this shows that microtubules
react to tissue deformation\r\nand this facilitates the observed division plane
switch. This puts mechanical cues and tensions at the most prominent position
for explaining the growth and wound healing properties of plants. Hence, it shines
light onto the importance of understanding mechanical signal transduction. "
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Hörmayer, Lukas
id: 2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hörmayer
orcid: 0000-0001-8295-2926
citation:
ama: Hörmayer L. Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9992
apa: Hörmayer, L. (2021). Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9992
chicago: Hörmayer, Lukas. “Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9992.
ieee: L. Hörmayer, “Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem,” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Hörmayer L. 2021. Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Hörmayer, Lukas. Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9992.
short: L. Hörmayer, Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem, Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-09T07:37:20Z
date_published: 2021-09-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:38:33Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '575'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9992
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: c763064adaa720e16066c1a4f9682bbb
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: lhoermaye
date_created: 2021-09-09T07:29:48Z
date_updated: 2021-09-15T22:30:26Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '9993'
file_name: Thesis_vupload.docx
file_size: 25179004
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 53911b06e93d7cdbbf4c7f4c162fa70f
content_type: application/pdf
creator: lhoermaye
date_created: 2021-09-09T14:25:08Z
date_updated: 2021-09-15T22:30:26Z
embargo: 2021-09-09
file_id: '9996'
file_name: Thesis_vfinal_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 6246900
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-09-15T22:30:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '168'
project:
- _id: 262EF96E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P29988
name: RNA-directed DNA methylation in plant development
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '742985'
name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6351'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6943'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8002'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
title: Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9623'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Cytoplasmic reorganizations are essential for morphogenesis. In large cells
like oocytes, these reorganizations become crucial in patterning the oocyte for
later stages of embryonic development. Ascidians oocytes reorganize their cytoplasm
(ooplasm) in a spectacular manner. Ooplasmic reorganization is initiated at fertilization
with the contraction of the actomyosin cortex along the animal-vegetal axis of
the oocyte, driving the accumulation of cortical endoplasmic reticulum (cER),
maternal mRNAs associated to it and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer – the
myoplasm – in a region of the vegetal pole termed contraction pole (CP). Here
we have used the species Phallusia mammillata to investigate the changes in cell
shape that accompany these reorganizations and the mechanochemical mechanisms
underlining CP formation.\r\nWe report that the length of the animal-vegetal (AV)
axis oscillates upon fertilization: it first undergoes a cycle of fast elongation-lengthening
followed by a slow expansion of mainly the vegetal pole (VP) of the cell. We show
that the fast oscillation corresponds to a dynamic polarization of the actin cortex
as a result of a fertilization-induced increase in cortical tension in the oocyte
that triggers a rupture of the cortex at the animal pole and the establishment
of vegetal-directed cortical flows. These flows are responsible for the vegetal
accumulation of actin causing the VP to flatten. \r\nWe find that the slow expansion
of the VP, leading to CP formation, correlates with a relaxation of the vegetal
cortex and that the myoplasm plays a role in the expansion. We show that the myoplasm
is a solid-like layer that buckles under compression forces arising from the contracting
actin cortex at the VP. Straightening of the myoplasm when actin flows stops,
facilitates the expansion of the VP and the CP. Altogether, our results present
a previously unrecognized role for the myoplasm in ascidian ooplasmic segregation.
\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Silvia
full_name: Caballero Mancebo, Silvia
id: 2F1E1758-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Caballero Mancebo
orcid: 0000-0002-5223-3346
citation:
ama: Caballero Mancebo S. Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled by the
actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes. 2021.
doi:10.15479/at:ista:9623
apa: Caballero Mancebo, S. (2021). Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled
by the actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9623
chicago: Caballero Mancebo, Silvia. “Fertilization-Induced Deformations Are Controlled
by the Actin Cortex and a Mitochondria-Rich Subcortical Layer in Ascidian Oocytes.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9623.
ieee: S. Caballero Mancebo, “Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled by
the actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Caballero Mancebo S. 2021. Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled
by the actin cortex and a mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Caballero Mancebo, Silvia. Fertilization-Induced Deformations Are Controlled
by the Actin Cortex and a Mitochondria-Rich Subcortical Layer in Ascidian Oocytes.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9623.
short: S. Caballero Mancebo, Fertilization-Induced Deformations Are Controlled by
the Actin Cortex and a Mitochondria-Rich Subcortical Layer in Ascidian Oocytes,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-07-01T14:50:17Z
date_published: 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:33:27Z
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: CaHe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9623
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: e039225a47ef32666d59bf35ddd30ecf
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: scaballe
date_created: 2021-07-01T14:48:54Z
date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:06Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '9624'
file_name: PhDThesis_SCM.docx
file_size: 131946790
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: dd4d78962ea94ad95e97ca7d9af08f4b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: scaballe
date_created: 2021-07-01T14:46:25Z
date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:06Z
embargo: 2022-07-01
file_id: '9625'
file_name: PhDThesis_SCM.pdf
file_size: 17094958
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:06Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '111'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-012-1
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9750'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9006'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Heisenberg
orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
title: Fertilization-induced deformations are controlled by the actin cortex and a
mitochondria-rich subcortical layer in ascidian oocytes
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10058'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Quantum information and computation has become a vast field paved with opportunities
for researchers and investors. As large multinational companies and international
funds are heavily investing in quantum technologies it is still a question which
platform is best suited for the task of realizing a scalable quantum processor.
In this work we investigate hole spins in Ge quantum wells. These hold great promise
as they possess several favorable properties: a small effective mass, a strong
spin-orbit coupling, long relaxation time and an inherent immunity to hyperfine
noise. All these characteristics helped Ge hole spin qubits to evolve from a single
qubit to a fully entangled four qubit processor in only 3 years. Here, we investigated
a qubit approach leveraging the large out-of-plane g-factors of heavy hole states
in Ge quantum dots. We found this qubit to be reproducibly operable at extremely
low magnetic field and at large speeds while maintaining coherence. This was possible
because large differences of g-factors in adjacent dots can be achieved in the
out-of-plane direction. In the in-plane direction the small g-factors, on the
other hand, can be altered very effectively by the confinement potentials. Here,
we found that this can even lead to a sign change of the g-factors. The resulting
g-factor difference alters the dynamics of the system drastically and produces
effects typically attributed to a spin-orbit induced spin-flip term. The investigations
carried out in this thesis give further insights into the possibilities of holes
in Ge and reveal new physical properties that need to be considered when designing
future spin qubit experiments.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: The author gratefully acknowledges support by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF), grants No P30207, and the Nomis foundation.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jirovec
orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
citation:
ama: Jirovec D. Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional
Ge hole gases. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10058
apa: Jirovec, D. (2021). Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in
2-dimensional Ge hole gases. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10058
chicago: Jirovec, Daniel. “Singlet-Triplet Qubits and Spin-Orbit Interaction in
2-Dimensional Ge Hole Gases.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10058.
ieee: D. Jirovec, “Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional
Ge hole gases,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Jirovec D. 2021. Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional
Ge hole gases. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Jirovec, Daniel. Singlet-Triplet Qubits and Spin-Orbit Interaction in 2-Dimensional
Ge Hole Gases. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10058.
short: D. Jirovec, Singlet-Triplet Qubits and Spin-Orbit Interaction in 2-Dimensional
Ge Hole Gases, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-09-30T07:53:49Z
date_published: 2021-10-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-08T11:41:08Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '621'
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10058
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: ad6bcb24083ed7c02baaf1885c9ea3d5
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: djirovec
date_created: 2021-09-30T14:29:14Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:07Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10061'
file_name: PHD_Thesis_Jirovec_Source.zip
file_size: 32397600
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 5fbe08d4f66d1153e04c47971538fae8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: djirovec
date_created: 2021-10-05T07:56:49Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:07Z
embargo: 2022-10-06
file_id: '10087'
file_name: PHD_Thesis_pdfa2b_1.pdf
file_size: 26910829
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- qubits
- quantum computing
- holes
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '151'
project:
- _id: 2641CE5E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P30207
name: Hole spin orbit qubits in Ge quantum wells
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8831'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10065'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10066'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8909'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '5816'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Singlet-Triplet qubits and spin-orbit interaction in 2-dimensional Ge hole
gases
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9397'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Accumulation of interstitial fluid (IF) between embryonic cells is a common
phenomenon in vertebrate embryogenesis. Unlike other model systems, where these
accumulations coalesce into a large central cavity – the blastocoel, in zebrafish,
IF is more uniformly distributed between the deep cells (DC) before the onset
of gastrulation. This is likely due to the presence of a large extraembryonic
structure – the yolk cell (YC) at the position where the blastocoel typically
forms in other model organisms. IF has long been speculated to play a role in
tissue morphogenesis during embryogenesis, but direct evidence supporting such
function is still sparse. Here we show that the relocalization of IF to the interface
between the YC and DC/epiblast is critical for axial mesendoderm (ME) cell protrusion
formation and migration along this interface, a key process in embryonic axis
formation. We further demonstrate that axial ME cell migration and IF relocalization
engage in a positive feedback loop, where axial ME migration triggers IF accumulation
ahead of the advancing axial ME tissue by mechanically compressing the overlying
epiblast cell layer. Upon compression, locally induced flow relocalizes the IF
through the porous epiblast tissue resulting in an IF accumulation ahead of the
leading axial ME. This IF accumulation, in turn, promotes cell protrusion formation
and migration of the leading axial ME cells, thereby facilitating axial ME extension.
Our findings reveal a central role of dynamic IF relocalization in orchestrating
germ layer morphogenesis during gastrulation.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Karla
full_name: Huljev, Karla
id: 44C6F6A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Huljev
citation:
ama: Huljev K. Coordinated spatiotemporal reorganization of interstitial fluid is
required for axial mesendoderm migration in zebrafish gastrulation. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9397
apa: Huljev, K. (2021). Coordinated spatiotemporal reorganization of interstitial
fluid is required for axial mesendoderm migration in zebrafish gastrulation.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9397
chicago: Huljev, Karla. “Coordinated Spatiotemporal Reorganization of Interstitial
Fluid Is Required for Axial Mesendoderm Migration in Zebrafish Gastrulation.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9397.
ieee: K. Huljev, “Coordinated spatiotemporal reorganization of interstitial fluid
is required for axial mesendoderm migration in zebrafish gastrulation,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Huljev K. 2021. Coordinated spatiotemporal reorganization of interstitial
fluid is required for axial mesendoderm migration in zebrafish gastrulation. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Huljev, Karla. Coordinated Spatiotemporal Reorganization of Interstitial
Fluid Is Required for Axial Mesendoderm Migration in Zebrafish Gastrulation.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9397.
short: K. Huljev, Coordinated Spatiotemporal Reorganization of Interstitial Fluid
Is Required for Axial Mesendoderm Migration in Zebrafish Gastrulation, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-05-17T12:31:30Z
date_published: 2021-05-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:32:32Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '571'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: CaHe
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9397
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 7f98532f5324a0b2f3fa8de2967baa19
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: khuljev
date_created: 2021-05-17T12:29:12Z
date_updated: 2022-05-21T22:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '9398'
file_name: KHuljev_Thesis_corrections.docx
file_size: 47799741
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: bf512f8a1e572a543778fc4b227c01ba
content_type: application/pdf
creator: khuljev
date_created: 2021-05-18T14:50:28Z
date_updated: 2022-05-21T22:30:04Z
embargo: 2022-05-20
file_id: '9401'
file_name: new_KHuljev_Thesis_corrections.pdf
file_size: 16542131
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-05-21T22:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '101'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Heisenberg
orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
title: Coordinated spatiotemporal reorganization of interstitial fluid is required
for axial mesendoderm migration in zebrafish gastrulation
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9562'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Left-right asymmetries can be considered a fundamental organizational principle
of the vertebrate central nervous system. The hippocampal CA3-CA1 pyramidal cell
synaptic connection shows an input-side dependent asymmetry where the hemispheric
location of the presynaptic CA3 neuron determines the synaptic properties. Left-input
synapses terminating on apical dendrites in stratum radiatum have a higher density
of NMDA receptor subunit GluN2B, a lower density of AMPA receptor subunit GluA1
and smaller areas with less often perforated PSDs. On the other hand, left-input
synapses terminating on basal dendrites in stratum oriens have lower GluN2B densities
than right-input ones. Apical and basal synapses further employ different signaling
pathways involved in LTP. SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling can visualize
synaptic membrane proteins with high sensitivity and resolution, and has been
used to reveal the asymmetry at the electron microscopic level. However, it requires
time-consuming manual demarcation of the synaptic surface for quantitative measurements.
To facilitate the analysis of replica labeling, I first developed a software named
Darea, which utilizes deep-learning to automatize this demarcation. With Darea
I characterized the synaptic distribution of NMDA and AMPA receptors as well as
the voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in CA1 stratum radiatum and oriens. Second, I
explored the role of GluN2B and its carboxy-terminus in the establishment of input-side
dependent hippocampal asymmetry. In conditional knock-out mice lacking GluN2B
expression in CA1 and GluN2B-2A swap mice, where GluN2B carboxy-terminus was exchanged
to that of GluN2A, no significant asymmetries of GluN2B, GluA1 and PSD area were
detected. We further discovered a previously unknown functional asymmetry of GluN2A,
which was also lost in the swap mouse. These results demonstrate that GluN2B carboxy-terminus
plays a critical role in normal formation of input-side dependent asymmetry.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: David
full_name: Kleindienst, David
id: 42E121A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kleindienst
citation:
ama: 'Kleindienst D. 2B or not 2B: Hippocampal asymmetries mediated by NMDA receptor
subunit GluN2B C-terminus and high-throughput image analysis by Deep-Learning.
2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9562'
apa: 'Kleindienst, D. (2021). 2B or not 2B: Hippocampal asymmetries mediated
by NMDA receptor subunit GluN2B C-terminus and high-throughput image analysis
by Deep-Learning. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9562'
chicago: 'Kleindienst, David. “2B or Not 2B: Hippocampal Asymmetries Mediated by
NMDA Receptor Subunit GluN2B C-Terminus and High-Throughput Image Analysis by
Deep-Learning.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9562.'
ieee: 'D. Kleindienst, “2B or not 2B: Hippocampal asymmetries mediated by NMDA receptor
subunit GluN2B C-terminus and high-throughput image analysis by Deep-Learning,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.'
ista: 'Kleindienst D. 2021. 2B or not 2B: Hippocampal asymmetries mediated by NMDA
receptor subunit GluN2B C-terminus and high-throughput image analysis by Deep-Learning.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Kleindienst, David. 2B or Not 2B: Hippocampal Asymmetries Mediated by NMDA
Receptor Subunit GluN2B C-Terminus and High-Throughput Image Analysis by Deep-Learning.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9562.'
short: 'D. Kleindienst, 2B or Not 2B: Hippocampal Asymmetries Mediated by NMDA Receptor
Subunit GluN2B C-Terminus and High-Throughput Image Analysis by Deep-Learning,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.'
date_created: 2021-06-17T14:10:47Z
date_published: 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T12:55:53Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: RySh
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9562
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 659df5518db495f679cb1df9e9bd1d94
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dkleindienst
date_created: 2021-06-17T14:03:14Z
date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:04Z
embargo: 2022-07-01
file_id: '9563'
file_name: Thesis.pdf
file_size: 77299142
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 3bcf63a2b19e5b6663be051bea332748
content_type: application/zip
creator: dkleindienst
date_created: 2021-06-17T14:04:30Z
date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '9564'
file_name: Thesis_source.zip
file_size: 369804895
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-07-02T22:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '124'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9756'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9437'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8532'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '612'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
title: '2B or not 2B: Hippocampal asymmetries mediated by NMDA receptor subunit GluN2B
C-terminus and high-throughput image analysis by Deep-Learning'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '8934'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In this thesis, we consider several of the most classical and fundamental
problems in static analysis and formal verification, including invariant generation,
reachability analysis, termination analysis of probabilistic programs, data-flow
analysis, quantitative analysis of Markov chains and Markov decision processes,
and the problem of data packing in cache management.\r\nWe use techniques from
parameterized complexity theory, polyhedral geometry, and real algebraic geometry
to significantly improve the state-of-the-art, in terms of both scalability and
completeness guarantees, for the mentioned problems. In some cases, our results
are the first theoretical improvements for the respective problems in two or three
decades."
acknowledgement: 'The research was partially supported by an IBM PhD fellowship, a
Facebook PhD fellowship, and DOC fellowship #24956 of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
(OeAW).'
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
citation:
ama: Goharshady AK. Parameterized and algebro-geometric advances in static program
analysis. 2021. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8934
apa: Goharshady, A. K. (2021). Parameterized and algebro-geometric advances in
static program analysis. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8934
chicago: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar. “Parameterized and Algebro-Geometric Advances
in Static Program Analysis.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8934.
ieee: A. K. Goharshady, “Parameterized and algebro-geometric advances in static
program analysis,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Goharshady AK. 2021. Parameterized and algebro-geometric advances in static
program analysis. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar. Parameterized and Algebro-Geometric Advances
in Static Program Analysis. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021,
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8934.
short: A.K. Goharshady, Parameterized and Algebro-Geometric Advances in Static Program
Analysis, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2020-12-10T12:17:07Z
date_published: 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T10:03:21Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '005'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: KrCh
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8934
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d1b9db3725aed34dadd81274aeb9426c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: akafshda
date_created: 2020-12-22T20:08:44Z
date_updated: 2021-12-23T23:30:04Z
embargo: 2021-12-22
file_id: '8969'
file_name: Thesis-pdfa.pdf
file_size: 5251507
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 1661df7b393e6866d2460eba3c905130
content_type: application/zip
creator: akafshda
date_created: 2020-12-22T20:08:50Z
date_updated: 2021-03-04T23:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8970'
file_name: source.zip
file_size: 10636756
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-12-23T23:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '278'
project:
- _id: 267066CE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Analysis of Probablistic Systems with a focus on Crypto-currencies
- _id: 266EEEC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Game-theoretic Analysis of Blockchain Applications and Smart
Contracts
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1386'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1437'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '311'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6056'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6380'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '639'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '66'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6780'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6918'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7810'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6175'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6378'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6490'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7014'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8089'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8728'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7158'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '5977'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6009'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6340'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '949'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
title: Parameterized and algebro-geometric advances in static program analysis
tmp:
image: /images/cc_0.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)
short: CC0 (1.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10307'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Bacteria-host interactions represent a continuous trade-off between benefit
and risk. Thus, the host immune response is faced with a non-trivial problem –
accommodate beneficial commensals and remove harmful pathogens. This is especially
difficult as molecular patterns, such as lipopolysaccharide or specific surface
organelles such as pili, are conserved in both, commensal and pathogenic bacteria.
Type 1 pili, tightly regulated by phase variation, are considered an important
virulence factor of pathogenic bacteria as they facilitate invasion into host
cells. While invasion represents a de facto passive mechanism for pathogens to
escape the host immune response, we demonstrate a fundamental role of type 1 pili
as active modulators of the innate and adaptive immune response.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
- _id: PreCl
- _id: EM-Fac
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Kathrin
full_name: Tomasek, Kathrin
id: 3AEC8556-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tomasek
orcid: 0000-0003-3768-877X
citation:
ama: Tomasek K. Pathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response. 2021.
doi:10.15479/at:ista:10307
apa: Tomasek, K. (2021). Pathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10307
chicago: Tomasek, Kathrin. “Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Hijack the Host Immune Response.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10307.
ieee: K. Tomasek, “Pathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Tomasek K. 2021. Pathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Tomasek, Kathrin. Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Hijack the Host Immune Response.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10307.
short: K. Tomasek, Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Hijack the Host Immune Response,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-11-18T15:05:06Z
date_published: 2021-11-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:34:38Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: MiSi
- _id: CaGu
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10307
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b39c9e0ef18d0484d537a67551effd02
content_type: application/pdf
creator: ktomasek
date_created: 2021-11-18T15:07:31Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:05Z
embargo: 2022-11-18
file_id: '10308'
file_name: ThesisTomasekKathrin.pdf
file_size: 13266088
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: c0c440ee9e5ef1102a518a4f9f023e7c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: ktomasek
date_created: 2021-11-18T15:07:46Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:05Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10309'
file_name: ThesisTomasekKathrin.docx
file_size: 7539509
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '73'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '10316'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Michael K
full_name: Sixt, Michael K
id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sixt
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Calin C
full_name: Guet, Calin C
id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Guet
orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052
title: Pathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10303'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient determining plant growth, development
and affecting agricultural productivity. Root, as a hub that perceives and integrates
local and systemic signals on the plant’s external and endogenous nitrogen resources,
communicates with other plant organs to consolidate their physiology and development
in accordance with actual nitrogen balance. Over the last years, numerous studies
demonstrated that these comprehensive developmental adaptations rely on the interaction
between pathways controlling nitrogen homeostasis and hormonal networks acting
globally in the plant body. However, molecular insights into how the information
about the nitrogen status is translated through hormonal pathways into specific
developmental output are lacking. In my work, I addressed so far poorly understood
mechanisms underlying root-to-shoot communication that lead to a rapid re-adjustment
of shoot growth and development after nitrate provision. Applying a combination
of molecular, cell, and developmental biology approaches, genetics and grafting
experiments as well as hormonal analytics, I identified and characterized an unknown
molecular framework orchestrating shoot development with a root nitrate sensory
system. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rashed
full_name: Abualia, Rashed
id: 4827E134-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Abualia
orcid: 0000-0002-9357-9415
citation:
ama: Abualia R. Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10303
apa: Abualia, R. (2021). Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10303
chicago: Abualia, Rashed. “Role of Hormones in Nitrate Regulated Growth.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10303.
ieee: R. Abualia, “Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Abualia R. 2021. Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Abualia, Rashed. Role of Hormones in Nitrate Regulated Growth. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10303.
short: R. Abualia, Role of Hormones in Nitrate Regulated Growth, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-11-18T11:20:59Z
date_published: 2021-11-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T14:42:45Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '580'
- '581'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10303
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: dea38b98aa4da1cea03dcd0f10862818
content_type: application/pdf
creator: rabualia
date_created: 2021-11-22T14:48:21Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:06Z
embargo: 2022-11-23
file_id: '10331'
file_name: AbualiaPhDthesisfinalv3.pdf
file_size: 28005730
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 4cd62da5ec5ba4c32e61f0f6d9e61920
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: rabualia
date_created: 2021-11-22T14:48:34Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:06Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10332'
file_name: AbualiaPhDthesisfinalv3.docx
file_size: 62841883
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:06Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '139'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9010'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9913'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '47'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
title: Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9962'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The brain is one of the largest and most complex organs and it is composed
of billions of neurons that communicate together enabling e.g. consciousness.
The cerebral cortex is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous
system. Concerted radial migration of newly born cortical projection neurons,
from their birthplace to their final position, is a key step in the assembly of
the cerebral cortex. The cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating radial neuronal
migration in vivo are however still unclear. Recent evidence suggests that distinct
signaling cues act cell-autonomously but differentially at certain steps during
the overall migration process. Moreover, functional analysis of genetic mosaics
(mutant neurons present in wild-type/heterozygote environment) using the MADM
(Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers) analyses in comparison to global knockout
also indicate a significant degree of non-cell-autonomous and/or community effects
in the control of cortical neuron migration. The interactions of cell-intrinsic
(cell-autonomous) and cell-extrinsic (non-cell-autonomous) components are largely
unknown. In part of this thesis work we established a MADM-based experimental
strategy for the quantitative analysis of cell-autonomous gene function versus
non-cell-autonomous and/or community effects. The direct comparison of mutant
neurons from the genetic mosaic (cell-autonomous) to mutant neurons in the conditional
and/or global knockout (cell-autonomous + non-cell-autonomous) allows to quantitatively
analyze non-cell-autonomous effects. Such analysis enable the high-resolution
analysis of projection neuron migration dynamics in distinct environments with
concomitant isolation of genomic and proteomic profiles. Using these experimental
paradigms and in combination with computational modeling we show and characterize
the nature of non-cell-autonomous effects to coordinate radial neuron migration.
Furthermore, this thesis discusses recent developments in neurodevelopment with
focus on neuronal polarization and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms in neuronal
migration.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Andi H
full_name: Hansen, Andi H
id: 38853E16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hansen
citation:
ama: Hansen AH. Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects in
radial projection neuron migration. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9962
apa: Hansen, A. H. (2021). Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous
effects in radial projection neuron migration. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9962
chicago: Hansen, Andi H. “Cell-Autonomous Gene Function and Non-Cell-Autonomous
Effects in Radial Projection Neuron Migration.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9962.
ieee: A. H. Hansen, “Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects
in radial projection neuron migration,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2021.
ista: Hansen AH. 2021. Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects
in radial projection neuron migration. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Hansen, Andi H. Cell-Autonomous Gene Function and Non-Cell-Autonomous Effects
in Radial Projection Neuron Migration. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9962.
short: A.H. Hansen, Cell-Autonomous Gene Function and Non-Cell-Autonomous Effects
in Radial Projection Neuron Migration, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2021.
date_created: 2021-08-29T12:36:50Z
date_published: 2021-09-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:58:30Z
day: '02'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: SiHi
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9962
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 66b56f5b988b233dc66a4f4b4fb2cdfe
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: ahansen
date_created: 2021-08-30T09:17:39Z
date_updated: 2022-09-03T22:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '9971'
file_name: Thesis_Hansen.docx
file_size: 10629190
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 204fa40321a1c6289b68c473634c4bf3
content_type: application/pdf
creator: ahansen
date_created: 2021-08-30T09:29:44Z
date_updated: 2022-09-03T22:30:04Z
embargo: 2022-09-02
file_id: '9972'
file_name: Thesis_Hansen_PDFA-1a.pdf
file_size: 13457469
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-09-03T22:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Neuronal migration
- Non-cell-autonomous
- Cell-autonomous
- Neurodevelopmental disease
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '182'
project:
- _id: 2625A13E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '24812'
name: Molecular Mechanisms of Radial Neuronal Migration
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8569'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '960'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Hippenmeyer, Simon
id: 37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hippenmeyer
orcid: 0000-0003-2279-1061
title: Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects in radial projection
neuron migration
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10083'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Plant motions occur across a wide spectrum of timescales, ranging from seed
dispersal through bursting (milliseconds) and stomatal opening (minutes) to long-term
adaptation of gross architecture. Relatively fast motions include water-driven
growth as exemplified by root cell expansion under abiotic/biotic stresses or
during gravitropism. A showcase is a root growth inhibition in 30 seconds triggered
by the phytohormone auxin. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms are
still largely unknown. This thesis covers the studies about this topic as follows.
By taking advantage of microfluidics combined with live imaging, pharmaceutical
tools, and transgenic lines, we examined the kinetics of and causal relationship
among various auxininduced rapid cellular changes in root growth, apoplastic pH,
cytosolic Ca2+, cortical microtubule (CMT) orientation, and vacuolar morphology.
We revealed that CMT reorientation and vacuolar constriction are the consequence
of growth itself instead of responding directly to auxin. In contrast, auxin induces
apoplast alkalinization to rapidly inhibit root growth in 30 seconds. This auxin-triggered
apoplast alkalinization results from rapid H+- influx that is contributed by Ca2+
inward channel CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL 14 (CNGC14)-dependent Ca2+ signaling.
To dissect which auxin signaling mediates the rapid apoplast alkalinization, we\r\ncombined
microfluidics and genetic engineering to verify that TIR1/AFB receptors conduct
a non-transcriptional regulation on Ca2+ and H+ -influx. This non-canonical pathway
is mostly mediated by the cytosolic portion of TIR1/AFB. On the other hand, we
uncovered, using biochemical and phospho-proteomic analysis, that auxin cell surface
signaling component TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE 1 (TMK1) plays a negative role during
auxin-trigger apoplast\r\nalkalinization and root growth inhibition through directly
activating PM H+ -ATPases. Therefore, we discovered that PM H+ -ATPases counteract
instead of mediate the auxintriggered rapid H+ -influx, and that TIR1/AFB and
TMK1 regulate root growth antagonistically. This opposite effect of TIR1/AFB and
TMK1 is consistent during auxin-induced hypocotyl elongation, leading us to explore
the relation of two signaling pathways. Assisted with biochemistry and fluorescent
imaging, we verified for the first time that TIR1/AFB and TMK1 can interact with
each other. The ability of TIR1/AFB binding to membrane lipid provides a basis
for the interaction of plasma membrane- and cytosol-localized proteins.\r\nBesides,
transgenic analysis combined with genetic engineering and biochemistry showed
that vi\r\nthey do function in the same pathway. Particularly, auxin-induced
TMK1 increase is TIR1/AFB dependent, suggesting TIR1/AFB regulation on TMK1. Conversely,
TMK1 also regulates TIR1/AFB protein levels and thus auxin canonical signaling.
To follow the study of rapid growth regulation, we analyzed another rapid growth
regulator, signaling peptide RALF1. We showed that RALF1 also triggers a rapid
and reversible growth inhibition caused by H + influx, highly resembling but not
dependent on auxin. Besides, RALF1 promotes auxin biosynthesis by increasing expression
of auxin biosynthesis enzyme YUCCAs and thus induces auxin signaling in ca. 1
hour, contributing to the sustained RALF1-triggered growth inhibition. These studies
collectively contribute to understanding rapid regulation on plant cell\r\ngrowth,
novel auxin signaling pathway as well as auxin-peptide crosstalk. "
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lanxin
full_name: Li, Lanxin
last_name: Li
citation:
ama: Li L. Rapid cell growth regulation in Arabidopsis. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10083
apa: Li, L. (2021). Rapid cell growth regulation in Arabidopsis. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10083
chicago: Li, Lanxin. “Rapid Cell Growth Regulation in Arabidopsis.” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10083.
ieee: L. Li, “Rapid cell growth regulation in Arabidopsis,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Li L. 2021. Rapid cell growth regulation in Arabidopsis. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Li, Lanxin. Rapid Cell Growth Regulation in Arabidopsis. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10083.
short: L. Li, Rapid Cell Growth Regulation in Arabidopsis, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-10-04T13:33:10Z
date_published: 2021-10-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-31T19:30:02Z
day: '06'
ddc:
- '575'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10083
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3b2f55b3b8ae05337a0dcc1cd8595b10
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-10-14T08:00:07Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:03Z
embargo: 2022-10-14
file_id: '10138'
file_name: 0._IST_Austria_Thesis_Lanxin_Li_1014_pdftron.pdf
file_size: 8616142
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: f23ed258ca894f6aabf58b0c128bf242
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: cchlebak
date_created: 2021-10-14T08:00:13Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10139'
file_name: 0._IST_Austria_Thesis_Lanxin_Li_1014.docx
file_size: 15058499
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 26B4D67E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '25351'
name: 'A Case Study of Plant Growth Regulation: Molecular Mechanism of Auxin-mediated
Rapid Growth Inhibition in Arabidopsis Root'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '442'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8931'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9287'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8283'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8986'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6627'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10095'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '10015'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
title: Rapid cell growth regulation in Arabidopsis
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10293'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Indirect reciprocity in evolutionary game theory is a prominent mechanism
for explaining the evolution of cooperation among unrelated individuals. In contrast
to direct reciprocity, which is based on individuals meeting repeatedly, and conditionally
cooperating by using their own experiences, indirect reciprocity is based on individuals’
reputations. If a player helps another, this increases the helper’s public standing,
benefitting them in the future. This lets cooperation in the population emerge
without individuals having to meet more than once. While the two modes of reciprocity
are intertwined, they are difficult to compare. Thus, they are usually studied
in isolation. Direct reciprocity can maintain cooperation with simple strategies,
and is robust against noise even when players do not remember more\r\nthan their
partner’s last action. Meanwhile, indirect reciprocity requires its successful
strategies, or social norms, to be more complex. Exhaustive search previously
identified eight such norms, called the “leading eight”, which excel at maintaining
cooperation. However, as the first result of this thesis, we show that the leading
eight break down once we remove the fundamental assumption that information is
synchronized and public, such that everyone agrees on reputations. Once we consider
a more realistic scenario of imperfect information, where reputations are private,
and individuals occasionally misinterpret or miss observations, the leading eight
do not promote cooperation anymore. Instead, minor initial disagreements can proliferate,
fragmenting populations into subgroups. In a next step, we consider ways to mitigate
this issue. We first explore whether introducing “generosity” can stabilize cooperation
when players use the leading eight strategies in noisy environments. This approach
of modifying strategies to include probabilistic elements for coping with errors
is known to work well in direct reciprocity. However, as we show here, it fails
for the more complex norms of indirect reciprocity. Imperfect information still
prevents cooperation from evolving. On the other hand, we succeeded to show in
this thesis that modifying the leading eight to use “quantitative assessment”,
i.e. tracking reputation scores on a scale beyond good and bad, and making overall
judgments of others based on a threshold, is highly successful, even when noise
increases in the environment. Cooperation can flourish when reputations\r\nare
more nuanced, and players have a broader understanding what it means to be “good.”
Finally, we present a single theoretical framework that unites the two modes of
reciprocity despite their differences. Within this framework, we identify a novel
simple and successful strategy for indirect reciprocity, which can cope with noisy
environments and has an analogue in direct reciprocity. We can also analyze decision
making when different sources of information are available. Our results help highlight
that for sustaining cooperation, already the most simple rules of reciprocity
can be sufficient."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Laura
full_name: Schmid, Laura
id: 38B437DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schmid
orcid: 0000-0002-6978-7329
citation:
ama: Schmid L. Evolution of cooperation via (in)direct reciprocity under imperfect
information. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10293
apa: Schmid, L. (2021). Evolution of cooperation via (in)direct reciprocity under
imperfect information. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10293
chicago: Schmid, Laura. “Evolution of Cooperation via (in)Direct Reciprocity under
Imperfect Information.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10293.
ieee: L. Schmid, “Evolution of cooperation via (in)direct reciprocity under imperfect
information,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Schmid L. 2021. Evolution of cooperation via (in)direct reciprocity under
imperfect information. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Schmid, Laura. Evolution of Cooperation via (in)Direct Reciprocity under
Imperfect Information. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021,
doi:10.15479/at:ista:10293.
short: L. Schmid, Evolution of Cooperation via (in)Direct Reciprocity under Imperfect
Information, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-11-15T17:12:57Z
date_published: 2021-11-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-07T08:28:29Z
day: '17'
ddc:
- '519'
- '576'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10293
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 86a05b430756ca12ae8107b6e6f3c1e5
content_type: application/zip
creator: lschmid
date_created: 2021-11-18T12:41:46Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:08Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10305'
file_name: submission_new.zip
file_size: 29703124
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d940af042e94660c6b6a7b4f0b184d47
content_type: application/pdf
creator: lschmid
date_created: 2021-11-18T12:59:15Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:08Z
embargo: 2022-10-18
file_id: '10306'
file_name: thesis_new_upload.pdf
file_size: 8320985
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:08Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '171'
project:
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '863818'
name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
- _id: 25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: Z211
name: The Wittgenstein Prize
- _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P 23499-N23
name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9997'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '2'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9402'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
title: Evolution of cooperation via (in)direct reciprocity under imperfect information
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10135'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Plants maintain the capacity to develop new organs e.g. lateral roots post-embryonically
throughout their whole life and thereby flexibly adapt to ever-changing environmental
conditions. Plant hormones auxin and cytokinin are the main regulators of the
lateral root organogenesis. Additionally to their solo activities, the interaction
between auxin and\r\ncytokinin plays crucial role in fine-tuning of lateral root
development and growth. In particular, cytokinin modulates auxin distribution
within the developing lateral root by affecting the endomembrane trafficking of
auxin transporter PIN1 and promoting its vacuolar degradation (Marhavý et al.,
2011, 2014). This effect is independent of transcription and\r\ntranslation. Therefore,
it suggests novel, non-canonical cytokinin activity occuring possibly on the posttranslational
level. Impact of cytokinin and other plant hormones on auxin transporters (including
PIN1) on the posttranslational level is described in detail in the introduction
part of this thesis in a form of a review (Semeradova et al., 2020). To gain insights
into the molecular machinery underlying cytokinin effect on the endomembrane trafficking
in the plant cell, in particular on the PIN1 degradation, we conducted two large
proteomic screens: 1) Identification of cytokinin binding proteins using\r\nchemical
proteomics. 2) Monitoring of proteomic and phosphoproteomic changes upon cytokinin
treatment. In the first screen, we identified DYNAMIN RELATED PROTEIN 2A (DRP2A).
We found that DRP2A plays a role in cytokinin regulated processes during the plant
growth and that cytokinin treatment promotes destabilization of DRP2A protein.
However, the role of DRP2A in the PIN1 degradation remains to be elucidated. In
the second screen, we found VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING 9A (VPS9A). VPS9a plays crucial
role in plant’s response to cytokin and in cytokinin mediated PIN1 degradation.
Altogether, we identified proteins, which bind to cytokinin and proteins that
in response to\r\ncytokinin exhibit significantly changed abundance or phosphorylation
pattern. By combining information from these two screens, we can pave our way
towards understanding of noncanonical cytokinin effects."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hana
full_name: Semerádová, Hana
id: 42FE702E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Semerádová
citation:
ama: Semerádová H. Molecular mechanisms of the cytokinin-regulated endomembrane
trafficking to coordinate plant organogenesis. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10135
apa: Semerádová, H. (2021). Molecular mechanisms of the cytokinin-regulated endomembrane
trafficking to coordinate plant organogenesis. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10135
chicago: Semerádová, Hana. “Molecular Mechanisms of the Cytokinin-Regulated Endomembrane
Trafficking to Coordinate Plant Organogenesis.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10135.
ieee: H. Semerádová, “Molecular mechanisms of the cytokinin-regulated endomembrane
trafficking to coordinate plant organogenesis,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021.
ista: Semerádová H. 2021. Molecular mechanisms of the cytokinin-regulated endomembrane
trafficking to coordinate plant organogenesis. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Semerádová, Hana. Molecular Mechanisms of the Cytokinin-Regulated Endomembrane
Trafficking to Coordinate Plant Organogenesis. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10135.
short: H. Semerádová, Molecular Mechanisms of the Cytokinin-Regulated Endomembrane
Trafficking to Coordinate Plant Organogenesis, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-10-13T13:42:48Z
date_published: 2021-10-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-25T10:53:29Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:10135
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: ce7108853e6cec6224f17cd6429b51fe
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: cziletti
date_created: 2021-10-27T07:45:37Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:05Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '10186'
file_name: Hana_Semeradova_Disertation_Thesis_II_Revised_3.docx
file_size: 28508629
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 0d7afb846e8e31ec794de47bf44e12ef
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cziletti
date_created: 2021-10-27T07:45:57Z
date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:05Z
embargo: 2022-10-28
file_id: '10187'
file_name: Hana_Semeradova_Disertation_Thesis_II_Revised_3PDFA.pdf
file_size: 10623525
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-12-20T23:30:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 261821BC-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '24746'
name: Molecular mechanisms of the cytokinin regulated endomembrane trafficking to
coordinate plant organogenesis.
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-014-5
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '9160'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
title: Molecular mechanisms of the cytokinin-regulated endomembrane trafficking to
coordinate plant organogenesis
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9728'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Most real-world flows are multiphase, yet we know little about them compared
to their single-phase counterparts. Multiphase flows are more difficult to investigate
as their dynamics occur in large parameter space and involve complex phenomena
such as preferential concentration, turbulence modulation, non-Newtonian rheology,
etc. Over the last few decades, experiments in particle-laden flows have taken
a back seat in favour of ever-improving computational resources. However, computers
are still not powerful enough to simulate a real-world fluid with millions of
finite-size particles. Experiments are essential not only because they offer a
reliable way to investigate real-world multiphase flows but also because they
serve to validate numerical studies and steer the research in a relevant direction.
In this work, we have experimentally investigated particle-laden flows in pipes,
and in particular, examined the effect of particles on the laminar-turbulent transition
and the drag scaling in turbulent flows.\r\n\r\nFor particle-laden pipe flows,
an earlier study [Matas et al., 2003] reported how the sub-critical (i.e., hysteretic)
transition that occurs via localised turbulent structures called puffs is affected
by the addition of particles. In this study, in addition to this known transition,
we found a super-critical transition to a globally fluctuating state with increasing
particle concentration. At the same time, the Newtonian-type transition via puffs
is delayed to larger Reynolds numbers. At an even higher concentration, only the
globally fluctuating state is found. The dynamics of particle-laden flows are
hence determined by two competing instabilities that give rise to three flow regimes:
Newtonian-type turbulence at low, a particle-induced globally fluctuating state
at high, and a coexistence state at intermediate concentrations.\r\n\r\nThe effect
of particles on turbulent drag is ambiguous, with studies reporting drag reduction,
no net change, and even drag increase. The ambiguity arises because, in addition
to particle concentration, particle shape, size, and density also affect the net
drag. Even similar particles might affect the flow dissimilarly in different Reynolds
number and concentration ranges. In the present study, we explored a wide range
of both Reynolds number and concentration, using spherical as well as cylindrical
particles. We found that the spherical particles do not reduce drag while the
cylindrical particles are drag-reducing within a specific Reynolds number interval.
The interval strongly depends on the particle concentration and the relative size
of the pipe and particles. Within this interval, the magnitude of drag reduction
reaches a maximum. These drag reduction maxima appear to fall onto a distinct
power-law curve irrespective of the pipe diameter and particle concentration,
and this curve can be considered as the maximum drag reduction asymptote for a
given fibre shape. Such an asymptote is well known for polymeric flows but had
not been identified for particle-laden flows prior to this work."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Nishchal
full_name: Agrawal, Nishchal
id: 469E6004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Agrawal
citation:
ama: Agrawal N. Transition to turbulence and drag reduction in particle-laden pipe
flows. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9728
apa: Agrawal, N. (2021). Transition to turbulence and drag reduction in particle-laden
pipe flows. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9728
chicago: Agrawal, Nishchal. “Transition to Turbulence and Drag Reduction in Particle-Laden
Pipe Flows.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9728.
ieee: N. Agrawal, “Transition to turbulence and drag reduction in particle-laden
pipe flows,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
ista: Agrawal N. 2021. Transition to turbulence and drag reduction in particle-laden
pipe flows. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Agrawal, Nishchal. Transition to Turbulence and Drag Reduction in Particle-Laden
Pipe Flows. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9728.
short: N. Agrawal, Transition to Turbulence and Drag Reduction in Particle-Laden
Pipe Flows, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.
date_created: 2021-07-27T13:40:30Z
date_published: 2021-07-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-28T13:14:39Z
day: '29'
ddc:
- '532'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:9728
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 77436be3563a90435024307b1b5ee7e8
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: nagrawal
date_created: 2021-07-28T13:32:02Z
date_updated: 2022-07-29T22:30:05Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '9744'
file_name: Transition to Turbulence and Drag Reduction in Particle-Laden Pipe Flows.zip
file_size: 22859658
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 72a891d7daba85445c29b868c22575ed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: nagrawal
date_created: 2021-07-28T13:32:05Z
date_updated: 2022-07-29T22:30:05Z
embargo: 2022-07-28
file_id: '9745'
file_name: Transition to Turbulence and Drag Reduction in Particle-Laden Pipe Flows.pdf
file_size: 18658048
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-07-29T22:30:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Drag Reduction
- Transition to Turbulence
- Multiphase Flows
- particle Laden Flows
- Complex Flows
- Experiments
- Fluid Dynamics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '118'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6189'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
title: Transition to turbulence and drag reduction in particle-laden pipe flows
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '7629'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "This thesis is based on three main topics: In the first part, we study convergence
of discrete gradient flow structures associated with regular finite-volume discretisations
of Fokker-Planck equations. We show evolutionary I convergence of the discrete
gradient flows to the L2-Wasserstein gradient flow corresponding to the solution
of a Fokker-Planck\r\nequation in arbitrary dimension d >= 1. Along the argument,
we prove Mosco- and I-convergence results for discrete energy functionals, which
are of independent interest for convergence of equivalent gradient flow structures
in Hilbert spaces.\r\nThe second part investigates L2-Wasserstein flows on metric
graph. The starting point is a Benamou-Brenier formula for the L2-Wasserstein
distance, which is proved via a regularisation scheme for solutions of the continuity
equation, adapted to the peculiar geometric structure of metric graphs. Based
on those results, we show that the L2-Wasserstein space over a metric graph admits
a gradient flow which may be identified as a solution of a Fokker-Planck equation.\r\nIn
the third part, we focus again on the discrete gradient flows, already encountered
in the first part. We propose a variational structure which extends the gradient
flow structure to Markov chains violating the detailed-balance conditions. Using
this structure, we characterise contraction estimates for the discrete heat flow
in terms of convexity of\r\ncorresponding path-dependent energy functionals. In
addition, we use this approach to derive several functional inequalities for said
functionals."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dominik L
full_name: Forkert, Dominik L
id: 35C79D68-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Forkert
citation:
ama: Forkert DL. Gradient flows in spaces of probability measures for finite-volume
schemes, metric graphs and non-reversible Markov chains. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7629
apa: Forkert, D. L. (2020). Gradient flows in spaces of probability measures
for finite-volume schemes, metric graphs and non-reversible Markov chains.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7629
chicago: Forkert, Dominik L. “Gradient Flows in Spaces of Probability Measures for
Finite-Volume Schemes, Metric Graphs and Non-Reversible Markov Chains.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7629.
ieee: D. L. Forkert, “Gradient flows in spaces of probability measures for finite-volume
schemes, metric graphs and non-reversible Markov chains,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Forkert DL. 2020. Gradient flows in spaces of probability measures for finite-volume
schemes, metric graphs and non-reversible Markov chains. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Forkert, Dominik L. Gradient Flows in Spaces of Probability Measures for
Finite-Volume Schemes, Metric Graphs and Non-Reversible Markov Chains. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7629.
short: D.L. Forkert, Gradient Flows in Spaces of Probability Measures for Finite-Volume
Schemes, Metric Graphs and Non-Reversible Markov Chains, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-04-02T06:40:23Z
date_published: 2020-03-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:03:12Z
day: '31'
ddc:
- '510'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7629
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c814a1a6195269ca6fe48b0dca45ae8a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-04-14T10:47:59Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:01Z
file_id: '7657'
file_name: Thesis_Forkert_PDFA.pdf
file_size: 3297129
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: ceafb53f923d1b5bdf14b2b0f22e4a81
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-04-14T10:47:59Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:01Z
file_id: '7658'
file_name: Thesis_Forkert_source.zip
file_size: 1063908
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:01Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '154'
project:
- _id: 256E75B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '716117'
name: Optimal Transport and Stochastic Dynamics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Maas, Jan
id: 4C5696CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Maas
orcid: 0000-0002-0845-1338
title: Gradient flows in spaces of probability measures for finite-volume schemes,
metric graphs and non-reversible Markov chains
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7514'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We study the interacting homogeneous Bose gas in two spatial dimensions in
the thermodynamic limit at fixed density. We shall be concerned with some mathematical
aspects of this complicated problem in many-body quantum mechanics. More specifically,
we consider the dilute limit where the scattering length of the interaction potential,
which is a measure for the effective range of the potential, is small compared
to the average distance between the particles. We are interested in a setting
with positive (i.e., non-zero) temperature. After giving a survey of the relevant
literature in the field, we provide some facts and examples to set expectations
for the two-dimensional system. The crucial difference to the three-dimensional
system is that there is no Bose–Einstein condensate at positive temperature due
to the Hohenberg–Mermin–Wagner theorem. However, it turns out that an asymptotic
formula for the free energy holds similarly to the three-dimensional case.\r\nWe
motivate this formula by considering a toy model with δ interaction potential.
By restricting this model Hamiltonian to certain trial states with a quasi-condensate
we obtain an upper bound for the free energy that still has the quasi-condensate
fraction as a free parameter. When minimizing over the quasi-condensate fraction,
we obtain the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless critical temperature for superfluidity,
which plays an important role in our rigorous contribution. The mathematically
rigorous result that we prove concerns the specific free energy in the dilute
limit. We give upper and lower bounds on the free energy in terms of the free
energy of the non-interacting system and a correction term coming from the interaction.
Both bounds match and thus we obtain the leading term of an asymptotic approximation
in the dilute limit, provided the thermal wavelength of the particles is of the
same order (or larger) than the average distance between the particles. The remarkable
feature of this result is its generality: the correction term depends on the interaction
potential only through its scattering length and it holds for all nonnegative
interaction potentials with finite scattering length that are measurable. In particular,
this allows to model an interaction of hard disks."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Mayer, Simon
id: 30C4630A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Mayer
citation:
ama: Mayer S. The free energy of a dilute two-dimensional Bose gas. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7514
apa: Mayer, S. (2020). The free energy of a dilute two-dimensional Bose gas.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7514
chicago: Mayer, Simon. “The Free Energy of a Dilute Two-Dimensional Bose Gas.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7514.
ieee: S. Mayer, “The free energy of a dilute two-dimensional Bose gas,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Mayer S. 2020. The free energy of a dilute two-dimensional Bose gas. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Mayer, Simon. The Free Energy of a Dilute Two-Dimensional Bose Gas.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7514.
short: S. Mayer, The Free Energy of a Dilute Two-Dimensional Bose Gas, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-02-24T09:17:27Z
date_published: 2020-02-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:12:42Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '510'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: RoSe
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7514
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b4de7579ddc1dbdd44ff3f17c48395f6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-02-24T09:15:06Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:59Z
file_id: '7515'
file_name: thesis.pdf
file_size: 1563429
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: ad7425867b52d7d9e72296e87bc9cb67
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-02-24T09:15:16Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:59Z
file_id: '7516'
file_name: thesis_source.zip
file_size: 2028038
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:59Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '148'
project:
- _id: 25C6DC12-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '694227'
name: Analysis of quantum many-body systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7524'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Seiringer, Robert
id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Seiringer
orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
title: The free energy of a dilute two-dimensional Bose gas
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8353'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Mrp (Multi resistance and pH adaptation) are broadly distributed secondary
active antiporters that catalyze the transport of monovalent ions such as sodium
and potassium outside of the cell coupled to the inward translocation of protons.
Mrp antiporters are unique in a way that they are composed of seven subunits (MrpABCDEFG)
encoded in a single operon, whereas other antiporters catalyzing the same reaction
are mostly encoded by a single gene. Mrp exchangers are crucial for intracellular
pH homeostasis and Na+ efflux, essential mechanisms for H+ uptake under alkaline
environments and for reduction of the intracellular concentration of toxic cations.
Mrp displays no homology to any other monovalent Na+(K+)/H+ antiporters but Mrp
subunits have primary sequence similarity to essential redox-driven proton pumps,
such as respiratory complex I and membrane-bound hydrogenases. This similarity
reinforces the hypothesis that these present day redox-driven proton pumps are
descended from the Mrp antiporter. The Mrp structure serves as a model to understand
the yet obscure coupling mechanism between ion or electron transfer and proton
translocation in this large group of proteins. In the thesis, I am presenting
the purification, biochemical analysis, cryo-EM analysis and molecular structure
of the Mrp complex from Anoxybacillus flavithermus solved by cryo-EM at 3.0 Å
resolution. Numerous conditions were screened to purify Mrp to high homogeneity
and to obtain an appropriate distribution of single particles on cryo-EM grids
covered with a continuous layer of ultrathin carbon. A preferred particle orientation
problem was solved by performing a tilted data collection. The activity assays
showed the specific pH-dependent\r\nprofile of secondary active antiporters. The
molecular structure shows that Mrp is a dimer of seven-subunit protomers with
50 trans-membrane helices each. The dimer interface is built by many short and
tilted transmembrane helices, probably causing a thinning of the bacterial membrane.
The surface charge distribution shows an extraordinary asymmetry within each monomer,
revealing presumable proton and sodium translocation pathways. The two largest\r\nand
homologous Mrp subunits MrpA and MrpD probably translocate one proton each into
the cell. The sodium ion is likely being translocated in the opposite direction
within the small subunits along a ladder of charged and conserved residues. Based
on the structure, we propose a mechanism were the antiport activity is accomplished
via electrostatic interactions between the charged cations and key charged residues.
The flexible key TM helices coordinate these\r\nelectrostatic interactions, while
the membrane thinning between the monomers enables the translocation of sodium
across the charged membrane. The entire family of redox-driven proton pumps is
likely to perform their mechanism in a likewise manner."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: "I acknowledge the scientific service units of the IST Austria for
providing resources by the Life Science Facility, the Electron Microscopy Facility
and the high-performance computer cluster. Special thanks to the cryo-EM specialists
Valentin Hodirnau and Daniel Johann Gütl for spending many hours with me in front
of the microscope and for supporting me to collect the data presented here. I also
want to thank Professor Masahiro Ito for providing plasmid DNA\r\nencoding Mrp from
Anoxybacillus flavithermus WK1. I am a recipient of a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian
Academy of Sciences."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Steiner, Julia
id: 3BB67EB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Steiner
orcid: 0000-0003-0493-3775
citation:
ama: Steiner J. Biochemical and structural investigation of the Mrp antiporter,
an ancestor of complex I. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8353
apa: Steiner, J. (2020). Biochemical and structural investigation of the Mrp
antiporter, an ancestor of complex I. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8353
chicago: Steiner, Julia. “Biochemical and Structural Investigation of the Mrp Antiporter,
an Ancestor of Complex I.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8353.
ieee: J. Steiner, “Biochemical and structural investigation of the Mrp antiporter,
an ancestor of complex I,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Steiner J. 2020. Biochemical and structural investigation of the Mrp antiporter,
an ancestor of complex I. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Steiner, Julia. Biochemical and Structural Investigation of the Mrp Antiporter,
an Ancestor of Complex I. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020,
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8353.
short: J. Steiner, Biochemical and Structural Investigation of the Mrp Antiporter,
an Ancestor of Complex I, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-09T14:27:01Z
date_published: 2020-09-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:14:09Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '572'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: LeSa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8353
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 2388d7e6e7a4d364c096fa89f305c3de
content_type: application/pdf
creator: jsteiner
date_created: 2020-09-09T14:22:35Z
date_updated: 2021-09-16T12:40:56Z
file_id: '8354'
file_name: Thesis_Julia_Steiner_pdfA.pdf
file_size: 117547589
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: ba112f957b7145462d0ab79044873ee9
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: jsteiner
date_created: 2020-09-09T14:23:25Z
date_updated: 2020-09-15T08:48:37Z
file_id: '8355'
file_name: Thesis_Julia_Steiner.docx
file_size: 223328668
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-09-16T12:40:56Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: '191'
project:
- _id: 26169496-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '24741'
name: Revealing the functional mechanism of Mrp antiporter, an ancestor of complex
I
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8284'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Leonid A
full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A
id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sazanov
orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989
title: Biochemical and structural investigation of the Mrp antiporter, an ancestor
of complex I
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8589'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The plant hormone auxin plays indispensable roles in plant growth and development.
An essential level of regulation in auxin action is the directional auxin transport
within cells. The establishment of auxin gradient in plant tissue has been attributed
to local auxin biosynthesis and directional intercellular auxin transport, which
both are controlled by various environmental and developmental signals. It is
well established that asymmetric auxin distribution in cells is achieved by polarly
localized PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux transporters. Despite the initial insights
into cellular mechanisms of PIN polarization obtained from the last decades, the
molecular mechanism and specific regulators mediating PIN polarization remains
elusive. In this thesis, we aim to find novel players in PIN subcellular polarity
regulation during Arabidopsis development. We first characterize the physiological
effect of piperonylic acid (PA) on Arabidopsis hypocotyl gravitropic bending and
PIN polarization. Secondly, we reveal the importance of SCFTIR1/AFB auxin signaling
pathway in shoot gravitropism bending termination. In addition, we also explore
the role of myosin XI complex, and actin cytoskeleton in auxin feedback regulation
on PIN polarity. In Chapter 1, we give an overview of the current knowledge about
PIN-mediated auxin fluxes in various plant tropic responses. In Chapter 2, we
study the physiological effect of PA on shoot gravitropic bending. Our results
show that PA treatment inhibits auxin-mediated PIN3 repolarization by interfering
with PINOID and PIN3 phosphorylation status, ultimately leading to hyperbending
hypocotyls. In Chapter 3, we provide evidence to show that the SCFTIR1/AFB nuclear
auxin signaling pathway is crucial and required for auxin-mediated PIN3 repolarization
and shoot gravitropic bending termination. In Chapter 4, we perform a phosphoproteomics
approach and identify the motor protein Myosin XI and its binding protein, the
MadB2 family, as an essential regulator of PIN polarity for auxin-canalization
related developmental processes. In Chapter 5, we demonstrate the vital role of
actin cytoskeleton in auxin feedback on PIN polarity by regulating PIN subcellular
trafficking. Overall, the data presented in this PhD thesis brings novel insights
into the PIN polar localization regulation that resulted in the (re)establishment
of the polar auxin flow and gradient in response to environmental stimuli during
plant development.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
acknowledgement: I also want to thank the China Scholarship Council for supporting
my study during the year from 2015 to 2019. I also want to thank IST facilities
– the Bioimaging facility, the media kitchen, the plant facility and all of the
campus services, for their support.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Huibin
full_name: Han, Huibin
id: 31435098-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Han
citation:
ama: Han H. Novel insights into PIN polarity regulation during Arabidopsis development.
2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8589
apa: Han, H. (2020). Novel insights into PIN polarity regulation during Arabidopsis
development. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8589
chicago: Han, Huibin. “Novel Insights into PIN Polarity Regulation during Arabidopsis
Development.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8589.
ieee: H. Han, “Novel insights into PIN polarity regulation during Arabidopsis development,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Han H. 2020. Novel insights into PIN polarity regulation during Arabidopsis
development. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Han, Huibin. Novel Insights into PIN Polarity Regulation during Arabidopsis
Development. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8589.
short: H. Han, Novel Insights into PIN Polarity Regulation during Arabidopsis Development,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-30T14:50:51Z
date_published: 2020-09-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:13:05Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '580'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8589
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: c4bda1947d4c09c428ac9ce667b02327
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-30T14:50:20Z
date_updated: 2020-09-30T14:50:20Z
file_id: '8590'
file_name: 2020_Han_Thesis.docx
file_size: 49198118
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3f4f5d1718c2230adf30639ecaf8a00b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-30T14:49:59Z
date_updated: 2021-10-01T13:33:02Z
file_id: '8591'
file_name: 2020_Han_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 15513963
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-10-01T13:33:02Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '164'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7643'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
title: Novel insights into PIN polarity regulation during Arabidopsis development
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8155'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In the thesis we focus on the interplay of the biophysics and evolution of
gene regulation. We start by addressing how the type of prokaryotic gene regulation
– activation and repression – affects spurious binding to DNA, also known as\r\ntranscriptional
crosstalk. We propose that regulatory interference caused by excess regulatory
proteins in the dense cellular medium – global crosstalk – could be a factor in
determining which type of gene regulatory network is evolutionarily preferred.
Next,we use a normative approach in eukaryotic gene regulation to describe minimal\r\nnon-equilibrium
enhancer models that optimize so-called regulatory phenotypes. We find a class
of models that differ from standard thermodynamic equilibrium models by a single
parameter that notably increases the regulatory performance. Next chapter addresses
the question of genotype-phenotype-fitness maps of higher dimensional phenotypes.
We show that our biophysically realistic approach allows us to understand how
the mechanisms of promoter function constrain genotypephenotype maps, and how
they affect the evolutionary trajectories of promoters.\r\nIn the last chapter
we ask whether the intrinsic instability of gene duplication and amplification
provides a generic alternative to canonical gene regulation. Using mathematical
modeling, we show that amplifications can tune gene expression in many environments,
including those where transcription factor-based schemes are\r\nhard to evolve
or maintain. "
acknowledgement: For the duration of his PhD, Rok was a recipient of a DOC fellowship
of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rok
full_name: Grah, Rok
id: 483E70DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Grah
orcid: 0000-0003-2539-3560
citation:
ama: Grah R. Gene regulation across scales – how biophysical constraints shape evolution.
2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8155
apa: Grah, R. (2020). Gene regulation across scales – how biophysical constraints
shape evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8155
chicago: Grah, Rok. “Gene Regulation across Scales – How Biophysical Constraints
Shape Evolution.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8155.
ieee: R. Grah, “Gene regulation across scales – how biophysical constraints shape
evolution,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Grah R. 2020. Gene regulation across scales – how biophysical constraints
shape evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Grah, Rok. Gene Regulation across Scales – How Biophysical Constraints Shape
Evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8155.
short: R. Grah, Gene Regulation across Scales – How Biophysical Constraints Shape
Evolution, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-07-23T09:51:28Z
date_published: 2020-07-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:13:27Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '530'
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: CaGu
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8155
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: rgrah
date_created: 2020-07-27T12:00:07Z
date_updated: 2020-07-27T12:00:07Z
file_id: '8176'
file_name: Thesis_RokGrah_200727_convertedNew.pdf
file_size: 16638998
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/zip
creator: rgrah
date_created: 2020-07-27T12:02:23Z
date_updated: 2020-07-30T13:04:55Z
file_id: '8177'
file_name: Thesis_new.zip
file_size: 347459978
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-30T13:04:55Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '310'
project:
- _id: 267C84F4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Biophysically realistic genotype-phenotype maps for regulatory networks
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7675'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7569'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7652'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Calin C
full_name: Guet, Calin C
id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Guet
orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052
- first_name: Gašper
full_name: Tkačik, Gašper
id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkačik
orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455
title: Gene regulation across scales – how biophysical constraints shape evolution
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7460'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Many methods for the reconstruction of shapes from sets of points produce
ordered simplicial complexes, which are collections of vertices, edges, triangles,
and their higher-dimensional analogues, called simplices, in which every simplex
gets assigned a real value measuring its size. This thesis studies ordered simplicial
complexes, with a focus on their topology, which reflects the connectedness of
the represented shapes and the presence of holes. We are interested both in understanding
better the structure of these complexes, as well as in developing algorithms for
applications.\r\n\r\nFor the Delaunay triangulation, the most popular measure
for a simplex is the radius of the smallest empty circumsphere. Based on it, we
revisit Alpha and Wrap complexes and experimentally determine their probabilistic
properties for random data. Also, we prove the existence of tri-partitions, propose
algorithms to open and close holes, and extend the concepts from Euclidean to
Bregman geometries."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Katharina
full_name: Ölsböck, Katharina
id: 4D4AA390-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ölsböck
orcid: 0000-0002-4672-8297
citation:
ama: Ölsböck K. The hole system of triangulated shapes. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7460
apa: Ölsböck, K. (2020). The hole system of triangulated shapes. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7460
chicago: Ölsböck, Katharina. “The Hole System of Triangulated Shapes.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7460.
ieee: K. Ölsböck, “The hole system of triangulated shapes,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Ölsböck K. 2020. The hole system of triangulated shapes. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Ölsböck, Katharina. The Hole System of Triangulated Shapes. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7460.
short: K. Ölsböck, The Hole System of Triangulated Shapes, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-02-06T14:56:53Z
date_published: 2020-02-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:15:30Z
day: '10'
ddc:
- '514'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HeEd
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7460
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 1df9f8c530b443c0e63a3f2e4fde412e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: koelsboe
date_created: 2020-02-06T14:43:54Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:58Z
file_id: '7461'
file_name: thesis_ist-final_noack.pdf
file_size: 76195184
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 7a52383c812b0be64d3826546509e5a4
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: koelsboe
date_created: 2020-02-06T14:52:45Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:58Z
description: latex source files, figures
file_id: '7462'
file_name: latex-files.zip
file_size: 122103715
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:58Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- shape reconstruction
- hole manipulation
- ordered complexes
- Alpha complex
- Wrap complex
- computational topology
- Bregman geometry
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '155'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6608'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Herbert
full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert
id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Edelsbrunner
orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833
title: The hole system of triangulated shapes
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC
BY-NC-SA 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7896'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "A search problem lies in the complexity class FNP if a solution to the given
instance of the problem can be verified efficiently. The complexity class TFNP
consists of all search problems in FNP that are total in the sense that a solution
is guaranteed to exist. TFNP contains a host of interesting problems from fields
such as algorithmic game theory, computational topology, number theory and combinatorics.
Since TFNP is a semantic class, it is unlikely to have a complete problem. Instead,
one studies its syntactic subclasses which are defined based on the combinatorial
principle used to argue totality. Of particular interest is the subclass PPAD,
which contains important problems\r\nlike computing Nash equilibrium for bimatrix
games and computational counterparts of several fixed-point theorems as complete.
In the thesis, we undertake the study of averagecase hardness of TFNP, and in
particular its subclass PPAD.\r\nAlmost nothing was known about average-case hardness
of PPAD before a series of recent results showed how to achieve it using a cryptographic
primitive called program obfuscation.\r\nHowever, it is currently not known how
to construct program obfuscation from standard cryptographic assumptions. Therefore,
it is desirable to relax the assumption under which average-case hardness of PPAD
can be shown. In the thesis we take a step in this direction. First, we show that
assuming the (average-case) hardness of a numbertheoretic\r\nproblem related to
factoring of integers, which we call Iterated-Squaring, PPAD is hard-on-average
in the random-oracle model. Then we strengthen this result to show that the average-case
hardness of PPAD reduces to the (adaptive) soundness of the Fiat-Shamir Transform,
a well-known technique used to compile a public-coin interactive protocol into
a non-interactive one. As a corollary, we obtain average-case hardness for PPAD
in the random-oracle model assuming the worst-case hardness of #SAT. Moreover,
the above results can all be strengthened to obtain average-case hardness for
the class CLS ⊆ PPAD.\r\nOur main technical contribution is constructing incrementally-verifiable
procedures for computing Iterated-Squaring and #SAT. By incrementally-verifiable,
we mean that every intermediate state of the computation includes a proof of its
correctness, and the proof can be updated and verified in polynomial time. Previous
constructions of such procedures relied on strong, non-standard assumptions. Instead,
we introduce a technique called recursive proof-merging to obtain the same from
weaker assumptions. "
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Chethan
full_name: Kamath Hosdurg, Chethan
id: 4BD3F30E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kamath Hosdurg
citation:
ama: Kamath Hosdurg C. On the average-case hardness of total search problems. 2020.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7896
apa: Kamath Hosdurg, C. (2020). On the average-case hardness of total search
problems. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7896
chicago: Kamath Hosdurg, Chethan. “On the Average-Case Hardness of Total Search
Problems.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7896.
ieee: C. Kamath Hosdurg, “On the average-case hardness of total search problems,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Kamath Hosdurg C. 2020. On the average-case hardness of total search problems.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Kamath Hosdurg, Chethan. On the Average-Case Hardness of Total Search Problems.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7896.
short: C. Kamath Hosdurg, On the Average-Case Hardness of Total Search Problems,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-05-26T14:08:55Z
date_published: 2020-05-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:15:55Z
day: '25'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: KrPi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7896
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b39e2e1c376f5819b823fb7077491c64
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-05-26T14:08:13Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:04Z
file_id: '7897'
file_name: 2020_Thesis_Kamath.pdf
file_size: 1622742
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 8b26ba729c1a85ac6bea775f5d73cdc7
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-05-26T14:08:23Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:04Z
file_id: '7898'
file_name: Thesis_Kamath.zip
file_size: 15301529
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '126'
project:
- _id: 258C570E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '259668'
name: Provable Security for Physical Cryptography
- _id: 258AA5B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '682815'
name: Teaching Old Crypto New Tricks
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6677'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krzysztof Z
full_name: Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z
id: 3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pietrzak
orcid: 0000-0002-9139-1654
title: On the average-case hardness of total search problems
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7944'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "This thesis considers two examples of reconfiguration problems: flipping
edges in edge-labelled triangulations of planar point sets and swapping labelled
tokens placed on vertices of a graph. In both cases the studied structures – all
the triangulations of a given point set or all token placements on a given graph
– can be thought of as vertices of the so-called reconfiguration graph, in which
two vertices are adjacent if the corresponding structures differ by a single elementary
operation – by a flip of a diagonal in a triangulation or by a swap of tokens
on adjacent vertices, respectively. We study the reconfiguration of one instance
of a structure into another via (shortest) paths in the reconfiguration graph.\r\n\r\nFor
triangulations of point sets in which each edge has a unique label and a flip
transfers the label from the removed edge to the new edge, we prove a polynomial-time
testable condition, called the Orbit Theorem, that characterizes when two triangulations
of the same point set lie in the same connected component of the reconfiguration
graph. The condition was first conjectured by Bose, Lubiw, Pathak and Verdonschot.
We additionally provide a polynomial time algorithm that computes a reconfiguring
flip sequence, if it exists. Our proof of the Orbit Theorem uses topological properties
of a certain high-dimensional cell complex that has the usual reconfiguration
graph as its 1-skeleton.\r\n\r\nIn the context of token swapping on a tree graph,
we make partial progress on the problem of finding shortest reconfiguration sequences.
We disprove the so-called Happy Leaf Conjecture and demonstrate the importance
of swapping tokens that are already placed at the correct vertices. We also prove
that a generalization of the problem to weighted coloured token swapping is NP-hard
on trees but solvable in polynomial time on paths and stars."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Zuzana
full_name: Masárová, Zuzana
id: 45CFE238-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Masárová
orcid: 0000-0002-6660-1322
citation:
ama: Masárová Z. Reconfiguration problems. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7944
apa: Masárová, Z. (2020). Reconfiguration problems. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7944
chicago: Masárová, Zuzana. “Reconfiguration Problems.” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7944.
ieee: Z. Masárová, “Reconfiguration problems,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2020.
ista: Masárová Z. 2020. Reconfiguration problems. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Masárová, Zuzana. Reconfiguration Problems. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7944.
short: Z. Masárová, Reconfiguration Problems, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-06-08T00:49:46Z
date_published: 2020-06-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:17:37Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '516'
- '514'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HeEd
- _id: UlWa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7944
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: df688bc5a82b50baee0b99d25fc7b7f0
content_type: application/pdf
creator: zmasarov
date_created: 2020-06-08T00:34:00Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:05Z
file_id: '7945'
file_name: THESIS_Zuzka_Masarova.pdf
file_size: 13661779
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 45341a35b8f5529c74010b7af43ac188
content_type: application/zip
creator: zmasarov
date_created: 2020-06-08T00:35:30Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:05Z
file_id: '7946'
file_name: THESIS_Zuzka_Masarova_SOURCE_FILES.zip
file_size: 32184006
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- reconfiguration
- reconfiguration graph
- triangulations
- flip
- constrained triangulations
- shellability
- piecewise-linear balls
- token swapping
- trees
- coloured weighted token swapping
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '160'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-005-3
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7950'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '5986'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Uli
full_name: Wagner, Uli
id: 36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wagner
orcid: 0000-0002-1494-0568
- first_name: Herbert
full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert
id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Edelsbrunner
orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833
title: Reconfiguration problems
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_sa.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License (CC
BY-SA 4.0)
short: CC BY-SA (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8341'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "One of the most striking hallmarks of the eukaryotic cell is the presence
of intracellular vesicles and organelles. Each of these membrane-enclosed compartments
has a distinct composition of lipids and proteins, which is essential for accurate
membrane traffic and homeostasis. Interestingly, their biochemical identities
are achieved with the help\r\nof small GTPases of the Rab family, which cycle
between GDP- and GTP-bound forms on the selected membrane surface. While this
activity switch is well understood for an individual protein, how Rab GTPases
collectively transition between states to generate decisive signal propagation
in space and time is unclear. In my PhD thesis, I present\r\nin vitro reconstitution
experiments with theoretical modeling to systematically study a minimal Rab5 activation
network from bottom-up. We find that positive feedback based on known molecular
interactions gives rise to bistable GTPase activity switching on system’s scale.
Furthermore, we determine that collective transition near the critical\r\npoint
is intrinsically stochastic and provide evidence that the inactive Rab5 abundance
on the membrane can shape the network response. Finally, we demonstrate that collective
switching can spread on the lipid bilayer as a traveling activation wave, representing
a possible emergent activity pattern in endosomal maturation. Together, our\r\nfindings
reveal new insights into the self-organization properties of signaling networks
away from chemical equilibrium. Our work highlights the importance of systematic
characterization of biochemical systems in well-defined physiological conditions.
This way, we were able to answer long-standing open questions in the field and
close the gap between regulatory processes on a molecular scale and emergent responses
on system’s level."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: My thanks goes to the Loose lab members, BioImaging, Life Science
and Nanofabrication Facilities and the wonderful international community at IST
for sharing this experience with me.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Urban
full_name: Bezeljak, Urban
id: 2A58201A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bezeljak
orcid: 0000-0003-1365-5631
citation:
ama: Bezeljak U. In vitro reconstitution of a Rab activation switch. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8341
apa: Bezeljak, U. (2020). In vitro reconstitution of a Rab activation switch.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8341
chicago: Bezeljak, Urban. “In Vitro Reconstitution of a Rab Activation Switch.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8341.
ieee: U. Bezeljak, “In vitro reconstitution of a Rab activation switch,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Bezeljak U. 2020. In vitro reconstitution of a Rab activation switch. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Bezeljak, Urban. In Vitro Reconstitution of a Rab Activation Switch.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8341.
short: U. Bezeljak, In Vitro Reconstitution of a Rab Activation Switch, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-08T08:53:53Z
date_published: 2020-09-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:17:06Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: MaLo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8341
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 70871b335a595252a66c6bbf0824fb02
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-08T09:00:29Z
date_updated: 2021-09-16T12:49:12Z
file_id: '8342'
file_name: 2020_Urban_Bezeljak_Thesis_TeX.zip
file_size: 65246782
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 59a62275088b00b7241e6ff4136434c7
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-08T09:00:27Z
date_updated: 2021-09-16T12:49:12Z
file_id: '8343'
file_name: 2020_Urban_Bezeljak_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 31259058
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-09-16T12:49:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '215'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7580'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Loose, Martin
id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Loose
orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724
title: In vitro reconstitution of a Rab activation switch
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC
BY-NC-SA 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8032'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Algorithms in computational 3-manifold topology typically take a triangulation
as an input and return topological information about the underlying 3-manifold.
However, extracting the desired information from a triangulation (e.g., evaluating
an invariant) is often computationally very expensive. In recent years this complexity
barrier has been successfully tackled in some cases by importing ideas from the
theory of parameterized algorithms into the realm of 3-manifolds. Various computationally
hard problems were shown to be efficiently solvable for input triangulations that
are sufficiently “tree-like.”\r\nIn this thesis we focus on the key combinatorial
parameter in the above context: we consider the treewidth of a compact, orientable
3-manifold, i.e., the smallest treewidth of the dual graph of any triangulation
thereof. By building on the work of Scharlemann–Thompson and Scharlemann–Schultens–Saito
on generalized Heegaard splittings, and on the work of Jaco–Rubinstein on layered
triangulations, we establish quantitative relations between the treewidth and
classical topological invariants of a 3-manifold. In particular, among other results,
we show that the treewidth of a closed, orientable, irreducible, non-Haken 3-manifold
is always within a constant factor of its Heegaard genus."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: E-Lib
- _id: CampIT
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Kristóf
full_name: Huszár, Kristóf
id: 33C26278-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Huszár
orcid: 0000-0002-5445-5057
citation:
ama: Huszár K. Combinatorial width parameters for 3-dimensional manifolds. 2020.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8032
apa: Huszár, K. (2020). Combinatorial width parameters for 3-dimensional manifolds.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8032
chicago: Huszár, Kristóf. “Combinatorial Width Parameters for 3-Dimensional Manifolds.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8032.
ieee: K. Huszár, “Combinatorial width parameters for 3-dimensional manifolds,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Huszár K. 2020. Combinatorial width parameters for 3-dimensional manifolds.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Huszár, Kristóf. Combinatorial Width Parameters for 3-Dimensional Manifolds.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8032.
short: K. Huszár, Combinatorial Width Parameters for 3-Dimensional Manifolds, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-06-26T10:00:36Z
date_published: 2020-06-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:18:27Z
day: '26'
ddc:
- '514'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: UlWa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8032
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: bd8be6e4f1addc863dfcc0fad29ee9c3
content_type: application/pdf
creator: khuszar
date_created: 2020-06-26T10:03:58Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:08Z
file_id: '8034'
file_name: Kristof_Huszar-Thesis.pdf
file_size: 2637562
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: d5f8456202b32f4a77552ef47a2837d1
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: khuszar
date_created: 2020-06-26T10:10:06Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:08Z
file_id: '8035'
file_name: Kristof_Huszar-Thesis-source.zip
file_size: 7163491
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:08Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: xviii+120
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-006-0
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6556'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '7093'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Uli
full_name: Wagner, Uli
id: 36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wagner
orcid: 0000-0002-1494-0568
- first_name: Jonathan
full_name: Spreer, Jonathan
last_name: Spreer
title: Combinatorial width parameters for 3-dimensional manifolds
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8358'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "During bacterial cell division, the tubulin-homolog FtsZ forms a ring-like
structure at the center of the cell. This so-called Z-ring acts as a scaffold
recruiting several division-related proteins to mid-cell and plays a key role
in distributing proteins at the division site, a feature driven by the treadmilling
motion of FtsZ filaments around the septum. What regulates the architecture, dynamics
and stability of the Z-ring is still poorly understood, but FtsZ-associated proteins
(Zaps) are known to play an important role. \r\nAdvances in fluorescence microscopy
and in vitro reconstitution experiments have helped to shed light into some of
the dynamic properties of these complex systems, but methods that allow to collect
and analyze large quantitative data sets of the underlying polymer dynamics are
still missing.\r\nHere, using an in vitro reconstitution approach, we studied
how different Zaps affect FtsZ filament dynamics and organization into large-scale
patterns, giving special emphasis to the role of the well-conserved protein ZapA.
For this purpose, we use high-resolution fluorescence microscopy combined with
novel image analysis workfows to study pattern organization and polymerization
dynamics of active filaments. We quantified the influence of Zaps on FtsZ on three
diferent spatial scales: the large-scale organization of the membrane-bound filament
network, the underlying\r\npolymerization dynamics and the behavior of single
molecules.\r\nWe found that ZapA cooperatively increases the spatial order of
the filament network, binds only transiently to FtsZ filaments and has no effect
on filament length and treadmilling velocity. Our data provides a model for how
FtsZ-associated proteins can increase the precision and stability of the bacterial
cell division machinery in a\r\nswitch-like manner, without compromising filament
dynamics. Furthermore, we believe that our automated quantitative methods can
be used to analyze a large variety of dynamic cytoskeletal systems, using standard
time-lapse\r\nmovies of homogeneously labeled proteins obtained from experiments
in vitro or even inside the living cell.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: I should also express my gratitude to the bioimaging facility at
IST Austria, for their assistance with the TIRF setup over the years, and especially
to Christoph Sommer, who gave me a lot of input when I was starting to dive into
programming.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Paulo R
full_name: Dos Santos Caldas, Paulo R
id: 38FCDB4C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Dos Santos Caldas
orcid: 0000-0001-6730-4461
citation:
ama: Dos Santos Caldas PR. Organization and dynamics of treadmilling filaments in
cytoskeletal networks of FtsZ and its crosslinkers. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8358
apa: Dos Santos Caldas, P. R. (2020). Organization and dynamics of treadmilling
filaments in cytoskeletal networks of FtsZ and its crosslinkers. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8358
chicago: Dos Santos Caldas, Paulo R. “Organization and Dynamics of Treadmilling
Filaments in Cytoskeletal Networks of FtsZ and Its Crosslinkers.” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8358.
ieee: P. R. Dos Santos Caldas, “Organization and dynamics of treadmilling filaments
in cytoskeletal networks of FtsZ and its crosslinkers,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Dos Santos Caldas PR. 2020. Organization and dynamics of treadmilling filaments
in cytoskeletal networks of FtsZ and its crosslinkers. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria.
mla: Dos Santos Caldas, Paulo R. Organization and Dynamics of Treadmilling Filaments
in Cytoskeletal Networks of FtsZ and Its Crosslinkers. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8358.
short: P.R. Dos Santos Caldas, Organization and Dynamics of Treadmilling Filaments
in Cytoskeletal Networks of FtsZ and Its Crosslinkers, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-10T09:26:49Z
date_published: 2020-09-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:18:51Z
day: '10'
ddc:
- '572'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: MaLo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8358
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 882f93fe9c351962120e2669b84bf088
content_type: application/pdf
creator: pcaldas
date_created: 2020-09-10T12:11:29Z
date_updated: 2020-09-10T12:11:29Z
file_id: '8364'
file_name: phd_thesis_pcaldas.pdf
file_size: 141602462
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 70cc9e399c4e41e6e6ac445ae55e8558
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: pcaldas
date_created: 2020-09-10T12:18:17Z
date_updated: 2020-09-11T07:48:10Z
file_id: '8365'
file_name: phd_thesis_latex_pcaldas.zip
file_size: 450437458
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-11T07:48:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '135'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-009-1
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7572'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '7197'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Loose, Martin
id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Loose
orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724
title: Organization and dynamics of treadmilling filaments in cytoskeletal networks
of FtsZ and its crosslinkers
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8332'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Designing and verifying concurrent programs is a notoriously challenging,
time consuming, and error prone task, even for experts. This is due to the sheer
number of possible interleavings of a concurrent program, all of which have to
be tracked and accounted for in a formal proof. Inventing an inductive invariant
that captures all interleavings of a low-level implementation is theoretically
possible, but practically intractable. We develop a refinement-based verification
framework that provides mechanisms to simplify proof construction by decomposing
the verification task into smaller subtasks.\r\n\r\nIn a first line of work, we
present a foundation for refinement reasoning over structured concurrent programs.
We introduce layered concurrent programs as a compact notation to represent multi-layer
refinement proofs. A layered concurrent program specifies a sequence of connected
concurrent programs, from most concrete to most abstract, such that common parts
of different programs are written exactly once. Each program in this sequence
is expressed as structured concurrent program, i.e., a program over (potentially
recursive) procedures, imperative control flow, gated atomic actions, structured
parallelism, and asynchronous concurrency. This is in contrast to existing refinement-based
verifiers, which represent concurrent systems as flat transition relations. We
present a powerful refinement proof rule that decomposes refinement checking over
structured programs into modular verification conditions. Refinement checking
is supported by a new form of modular, parameterized invariants, called yield
invariants, and a linear permission system to enhance local reasoning.\r\n\r\nIn
a second line of work, we present two new reduction-based program transformations
that target asynchronous programs. These transformations reduce the number of
interleavings that need to be considered, thus reducing the complexity of invariants.
Synchronization simplifies the verification of asynchronous programs by introducing
the fiction, for proof purposes, that asynchronous operations complete synchronously.
Synchronization summarizes an asynchronous computation as immediate atomic effect.
Inductive sequentialization establishes sequential reductions that captures every
behavior of the original program up to reordering of coarse-grained commutative
actions. A sequential reduction of a concurrent program is easy to reason about
since it corresponds to a simple execution of the program in an idealized synchronous
environment, where processes act in a fixed order and at the same speed.\r\n\r\nOur
approach is implemented the CIVL verifier, which has been successfully used for
the verification of several complex concurrent programs. In our methodology, the
overall correctness of a program is established piecemeal by focusing on the invariant
required for each refinement step separately. While the programmer does the creative
work of specifying the chain of programs and the inductive invariant justifying
each link in the chain, the tool automatically constructs the verification conditions
underlying each refinement step."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Kragl, Bernhard
id: 320FC952-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kragl
orcid: 0000-0001-7745-9117
citation:
ama: 'Kragl B. Verifying concurrent programs: Refinement, synchronization, sequentialization.
2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8332'
apa: 'Kragl, B. (2020). Verifying concurrent programs: Refinement, synchronization,
sequentialization. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8332'
chicago: 'Kragl, Bernhard. “Verifying Concurrent Programs: Refinement, Synchronization,
Sequentialization.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8332.'
ieee: 'B. Kragl, “Verifying concurrent programs: Refinement, synchronization, sequentialization,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
ista: 'Kragl B. 2020. Verifying concurrent programs: Refinement, synchronization,
sequentialization. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Kragl, Bernhard. Verifying Concurrent Programs: Refinement, Synchronization,
Sequentialization. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8332.'
short: 'B. Kragl, Verifying Concurrent Programs: Refinement, Synchronization, Sequentialization,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
date_created: 2020-09-04T12:24:12Z
date_published: 2020-09-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-13T08:45:08Z
day: '03'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8332
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 26fe261550f691280bda4c454bf015c7
content_type: application/pdf
creator: bkragl
date_created: 2020-09-04T12:17:47Z
date_updated: 2020-09-04T12:17:47Z
file_id: '8333'
file_name: kragl-thesis.pdf
file_size: 1348815
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: b9694ce092b7c55557122adba8337ebc
content_type: application/zip
creator: bkragl
date_created: 2020-09-04T13:00:17Z
date_updated: 2020-09-04T13:00:17Z
file_id: '8335'
file_name: kragl-thesis.zip
file_size: 372312
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-04T13:00:17Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '120'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '133'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8012'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8195'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '160'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724
title: 'Verifying concurrent programs: Refinement, synchronization, sequentialization'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8958'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The oft-quoted dictum by Arthur Schawlow: ``A diatomic molecule has one atom
too many'' has been disavowed. Inspired by the possibility to experimentally manipulate
and enhance chemical reactivity in helium nanodroplets, we investigate the rotation
of coupled cold molecules in the presence of a many-body environment.\r\nIn this
thesis, we introduce new variational approaches to quantum impurities and apply
them to the Fröhlich polaron - a quasiparticle formed out of an electron (or other
point-like impurity) in a polar medium, and to the angulon - a quasiparticle formed
out of a rotating molecule in a bosonic bath.\r\nWith this theoretical toolbox,
we reveal the self-localization transition for the angulon quasiparticle. We show
that, unlike for polarons, self-localization of angulons occurs at finite impurity-bath
coupling already at the mean-field level. The transition is accompanied by the
spherical-symmetry breaking of the angulon ground state and a discontinuity in
the first derivative of the ground-state energy. Moreover, the type of symmetry
breaking is dictated by the symmetry of the microscopic impurity-bath interaction,
which leads to a number of distinct self-localized states. \r\nFor the system
containing multiple impurities, by analogy with the bipolaron, we introduce the
biangulon quasiparticle describing two rotating molecules that align with respect
to each other due to the effective attractive interaction mediated by the excitations
of the bath. We study this system from the strong-coupling regime to the weak
molecule-bath interaction regime. We show that the molecules tend to have a strong
alignment in the ground state, the biangulon shows shifted angulon instabilities
and an additional spectral instability, where resonant angular momentum transfer
between the molecules and the bath takes place. Finally, we introduce a diagonalization
scheme that allows us to describe the transition from two separated angulons to
a biangulon as a function of the distance between the two molecules."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Xiang
full_name: Li, Xiang
id: 4B7E523C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Li
citation:
ama: Li X. Rotation of coupled cold molecules in the presence of a many-body environment.
2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8958
apa: Li, X. (2020). Rotation of coupled cold molecules in the presence of a many-body
environment. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8958
chicago: Li, Xiang. “Rotation of Coupled Cold Molecules in the Presence of a Many-Body
Environment.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8958.
ieee: X. Li, “Rotation of coupled cold molecules in the presence of a many-body
environment,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Li X. 2020. Rotation of coupled cold molecules in the presence of a many-body
environment. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Li, Xiang. Rotation of Coupled Cold Molecules in the Presence of a Many-Body
Environment. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8958.
short: X. Li, Rotation of Coupled Cold Molecules in the Presence of a Many-Body
Environment, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-12-21T09:44:30Z
date_published: 2020-12-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-20T11:30:58Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8958
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3994c54a1241451d561db1d4f43bad30
content_type: application/pdf
creator: xli
date_created: 2020-12-22T10:55:56Z
date_updated: 2020-12-22T10:55:56Z
file_id: '8967'
file_name: THESIS_Xiang_Li.pdf
file_size: 3622305
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: 0954ecfc5554c05615c14de803341f00
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: xli
date_created: 2020-12-22T10:56:03Z
date_updated: 2020-12-30T07:18:03Z
file_id: '8968'
file_name: THESIS_Xiang_Li.zip
file_size: 4018859
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-12-30T07:18:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '125'
project:
- _id: 26031614-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P29902
name: Quantum rotations in the presence of a many-body environment
- _id: 2688CF98-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '801770'
name: 'Angulon: physics and applications of a new quasiparticle'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '5886'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8587'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1120'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
title: Rotation of coupled cold molecules in the presence of a many-body environment
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8386'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Form versus function is a long-standing debate in various design-related
fields, such as architecture as well as graphic and industrial design. A good
design that balances form and function often requires considerable human effort
and collaboration among experts from different professional fields. Computational
design tools provide a new paradigm for designing functional objects. In computational
design, form and function are represented as mathematical\r\nquantities, with
the help of numerical and combinatorial algorithms, they can assist even novice
users in designing versatile models that exhibit their desired functionality.
This thesis presents three disparate research studies on the computational design
of functional objects: The appearance of 3d print—we optimize the volumetric material
distribution for faithfully replicating colored surface texture in 3d printing;
the dynamic motion of mechanical structures—\r\nour design system helps the novice
user to retarget various mechanical templates with different functionality to
complex 3d shapes; and a more abstract functionality, multistability—our algorithm
automatically generates models that exhibit multiple stable target poses. For
each of these cases, our computational design tools not only ensure the functionality
of the results but also permit the user aesthetic freedom over the form. Moreover,
fabrication constraints\r\nwere taken into account, which allow for the immediate
creation of physical realization via 3D printing or laser cutting."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
acknowledgement: The research in this thesis has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie
grant agreement No 642841 (DISTRO) and the European Research Council grant agreement
No 715767 (MATERIALIZABLE). All the research projects in this thesis were also supported
by Scientific Service Units (SSUs) at IST Austria.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Ran
full_name: Zhang, Ran
id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zhang
orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
citation:
ama: Zhang R. Structure-aware computational design and its application to 3D printable
volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386
apa: Zhang, R. (2020). Structure-aware computational design and its application
to 3D printable volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386
chicago: Zhang, Ran. “Structure-Aware Computational Design and Its Application to
3D Printable Volume Scattering, Mechanism, and Multistability.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386.
ieee: R. Zhang, “Structure-aware computational design and its application to 3D
printable volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Zhang R. 2020. Structure-aware computational design and its application to
3D printable volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Zhang, Ran. Structure-Aware Computational Design and Its Application to
3D Printable Volume Scattering, Mechanism, and Multistability. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386.
short: R. Zhang, Structure-Aware Computational Design and Its Application to 3D
Printable Volume Scattering, Mechanism, and Multistability, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-14T01:04:53Z
date_published: 2020-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:49:31Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '003'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: edcf578b6e1c9b0dd81ff72d319b66ba
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: rzhang
date_created: 2020-09-14T01:02:59Z
date_updated: 2020-09-14T12:18:43Z
file_id: '8388'
file_name: Thesis_Ran.zip
file_size: 1245800191
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 817e20c33be9247f906925517c56a40d
content_type: application/pdf
creator: rzhang
date_created: 2020-09-15T12:51:53Z
date_updated: 2020-09-15T12:51:53Z
file_id: '8396'
file_name: PhD_thesis_Ran Zhang_20200915.pdf
file_size: 161385316
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-09-15T12:51:53Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '148'
project:
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '642841'
name: Distributed 3D Object Design
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '715767'
name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
Modeling'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '486'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1002'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
title: Structure-aware computational design and its application to 3D printable volume
scattering, mechanism, and multistability
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7996'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Quantum computation enables the execution of algorithms that have exponential
complexity. This might open the path towards the synthesis of new materials or
medical drugs, optimization of transport or financial strategies etc., intractable
on even the fastest classical computers. A quantum computer consists of interconnected
two level quantum systems, called qubits, that satisfy DiVincezo’s criteria. Worldwide,
there are ongoing efforts to find the qubit architecture which will unite quantum
error correction compatible single and two qubit fidelities, long distance qubit
to qubit coupling and \r\n calability. Superconducting qubits have gone the furthest
in this race, demonstrating an algorithm running on 53 coupled qubits, but still
the fidelities are not even close to those required for realizing a single logical
qubit. emiconductor qubits offer extremely good characteristics, but they are
currently investigated across different platforms. Uniting those good characteristics
into a single platform might be a big step towards the quantum computer realization.\r\nHere
we describe the implementation of a hole spin qubit hosted in a Ge hut wire double
quantum dot. The high and tunable spin-orbit coupling together with a heavy hole
state character is expected to allow fast spin manipulation and long coherence
times. Furthermore large lever arms, for hut wire devices, should allow good coupling
to superconducting resonators enabling efficient long distance spin to spin coupling
and a sensitive gate reflectometry spin readout. The developed cryogenic setup
(printed circuit board sample holders, filtering, high-frequency wiring) enabled
us to perform low temperature spin dynamics experiments. Indeed, we measured the
fastest single spin qubit Rabi frequencies reported so far, reaching 140 MHz,
while the dephasing times of 130 ns oppose the long decoherence predictions. In
order to further investigate this, a double quantum dot gate was connected directly
to a lumped element\r\nresonator which enabled gate reflectometry readout. The
vanishing inter-dot transition signal, for increasing external magnetic field,
revealed the spin nature of the measured quantity."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Josip
full_name: Kukucka, Josip
id: 3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kukucka
citation:
ama: Kukucka J. Implementation of a hole spin qubit in Ge hut wires and dispersive
spin sensing. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7996
apa: Kukucka, J. (2020). Implementation of a hole spin qubit in Ge hut wires
and dispersive spin sensing. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7996
chicago: Kukucka, Josip. “Implementation of a Hole Spin Qubit in Ge Hut Wires and
Dispersive Spin Sensing.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7996.
ieee: J. Kukucka, “Implementation of a hole spin qubit in Ge hut wires and dispersive
spin sensing,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Kukucka J. 2020. Implementation of a hole spin qubit in Ge hut wires and dispersive
spin sensing. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Kukucka, Josip. Implementation of a Hole Spin Qubit in Ge Hut Wires and
Dispersive Spin Sensing. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020,
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7996.
short: J. Kukucka, Implementation of a Hole Spin Qubit in Ge Hut Wires and Dispersive
Spin Sensing, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-06-22T09:22:23Z
date_published: 2020-06-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T15:50:22Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '530'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7996
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 467e52feb3e361ce8cf5fe8d5c254ece
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-06-22T09:22:04Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:07Z
file_id: '7997'
file_name: JK_thesis_latex_source_files.zip
file_size: 392794743
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 1de716bf110dbd77d383e479232bf496
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-06-22T09:21:29Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:07Z
file_id: '7998'
file_name: PhD_thesis_JK_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 28453247
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '178'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1328'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7541'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '77'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '23'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '840'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Implementation of a hole spin qubit in Ge hut wires and dispersive spin sensing
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8390'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Deep neural networks have established a new standard for data-dependent feature
extraction pipelines in the Computer Vision literature. Despite their remarkable
performance in the standard supervised learning scenario, i.e. when models are
trained with labeled data and tested on samples that follow a similar distribution,
neural networks have been shown to struggle with more advanced generalization
abilities, such as transferring knowledge across visually different domains, or
generalizing to new unseen combinations of known concepts. In this thesis we argue
that, in contrast to the usual black-box behavior of neural networks, leveraging
more structured internal representations is a promising direction\r\nfor tackling
such problems. In particular, we focus on two forms of structure. First, we tackle
modularity: We show that (i) compositional architectures are a natural tool for
modeling reasoning tasks, in that they efficiently capture their combinatorial
nature, which is key for generalizing beyond the compositions seen during training.
We investigate how to to learn such models, both formally and experimentally,
for the task of abstract visual reasoning. Then, we show that (ii) in some settings,
modularity allows us to efficiently break down complex tasks into smaller, easier,
modules, thereby improving computational efficiency; We study this behavior in
the context of generative models for colorization, as well as for small objects
detection. Secondly, we investigate the inherently layered structure of representations
learned by neural networks, and analyze its role in the context of transfer learning
and domain adaptation across visually\r\ndissimilar domains. "
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: CampIT
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: Last but not least, I would like to acknowledge the support of the
IST IT and scientific computing team for helping provide a great work environment.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Amélie
full_name: Royer, Amélie
id: 3811D890-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Royer
orcid: 0000-0002-8407-0705
citation:
ama: Royer A. Leveraging structure in Computer Vision tasks for flexible Deep Learning
models. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8390
apa: Royer, A. (2020). Leveraging structure in Computer Vision tasks for flexible
Deep Learning models. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8390
chicago: Royer, Amélie. “Leveraging Structure in Computer Vision Tasks for Flexible
Deep Learning Models.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8390.
ieee: A. Royer, “Leveraging structure in Computer Vision tasks for flexible Deep
Learning models,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Royer A. 2020. Leveraging structure in Computer Vision tasks for flexible
Deep Learning models. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Royer, Amélie. Leveraging Structure in Computer Vision Tasks for Flexible
Deep Learning Models. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8390.
short: A. Royer, Leveraging Structure in Computer Vision Tasks for Flexible Deep
Learning Models, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-14T13:42:09Z
date_published: 2020-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-16T10:04:02Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: ChLa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8390
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c914d2f88846032f3d8507734861b6ee
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-14T13:39:14Z
date_updated: 2020-09-14T13:39:14Z
file_id: '8391'
file_name: 2020_Thesis_Royer.pdf
file_size: 30224591
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: ae98fb35d912cff84a89035ae5794d3c
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-14T13:39:17Z
date_updated: 2020-09-14T13:39:17Z
file_id: '8392'
file_name: thesis_sources.zip
file_size: 74227627
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-14T13:39:17Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '197'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-007-7
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7936'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7937'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8193'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8092'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '911'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Leveraging structure in Computer Vision tasks for flexible Deep Learning models
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC
BY-NC-SA 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8156'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We present solutions to several problems originating from geometry and discrete
mathematics: existence of equipartitions, maps without Tverberg multiple points,
and inscribing quadrilaterals. Equivariant obstruction theory is the natural topological
approach to these type of questions. However, for the specific problems we consider
it had yielded only partial or no results. We get our results by complementing
equivariant obstruction theory with other techniques from topology and geometry.'
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Sergey
full_name: Avvakumov, Sergey
id: 3827DAC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Avvakumov
citation:
ama: Avvakumov S. Topological methods in geometry and discrete mathematics. 2020.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8156
apa: Avvakumov, S. (2020). Topological methods in geometry and discrete mathematics.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8156
chicago: Avvakumov, Sergey. “Topological Methods in Geometry and Discrete Mathematics.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8156.
ieee: S. Avvakumov, “Topological methods in geometry and discrete mathematics,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Avvakumov S. 2020. Topological methods in geometry and discrete mathematics.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Avvakumov, Sergey. Topological Methods in Geometry and Discrete Mathematics.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8156.
short: S. Avvakumov, Topological Methods in Geometry and Discrete Mathematics, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-07-23T09:51:29Z
date_published: 2020-07-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-12-18T10:51:01Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '514'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: UlWa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8156
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/zip
creator: savvakum
date_created: 2020-07-27T12:44:51Z
date_updated: 2020-07-27T12:44:51Z
file_id: '8178'
file_name: source.zip
file_size: 1061740
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: savvakum
date_created: 2020-07-27T12:46:53Z
date_updated: 2020-07-27T12:46:53Z
file_id: '8179'
file_name: thesis_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 1336501
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-07-27T12:46:53Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '119'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8182'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8183'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8185'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8184'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6355'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '75'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Uli
full_name: Wagner, Uli
id: 36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wagner
orcid: 0000-0002-1494-0568
title: Topological methods in geometry and discrete mathematics
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8366'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Fabrication of curved shells plays an important role in modern design, industry,
and science. Among their remarkable properties are, for example, aesthetics of
organic shapes, ability to evenly distribute loads, or efficient flow separation.
They find applications across vast length scales ranging from sky-scraper architecture
to microscopic devices. But, at\r\nthe same time, the design of curved shells
and their manufacturing process pose a variety of challenges. In this thesis,
they are addressed from several perspectives. In particular, this thesis presents
approaches based on the transformation of initially flat sheets into the target
curved surfaces. This involves problems of interactive design of shells with nontrivial
mechanical constraints, inverse design of complex structural materials, and data-driven
modeling of delicate and time-dependent physical properties. At the same time,
two newly-developed self-morphing mechanisms targeting flat-to-curved transformation
are presented.\r\nIn architecture, doubly curved surfaces can be realized as cold
bent glass panelizations. Originally flat glass panels are bent into frames and
remain stressed. This is a cost-efficient fabrication approach compared to hot
bending, when glass panels are shaped plastically. However such constructions
are prone to breaking during bending, and it is highly\r\nnontrivial to navigate
the design space, keeping the panels fabricable and aesthetically pleasing at
the same time. We introduce an interactive design system for cold bent glass façades,
while previously even offline optimization for such scenarios has not been sufficiently
developed. Our method is based on a deep learning approach providing quick\r\nand
high precision estimation of glass panel shape and stress while handling the shape\r\nmultimodality.\r\nFabrication
of smaller objects of scales below 1 m, can also greatly benefit from shaping
originally flat sheets. In this respect, we designed new self-morphing shell mechanisms
transforming from an initial flat state to a doubly curved state with high precision
and detail. Our so-called CurveUps demonstrate the encodement of the geometric
information\r\ninto the shell. Furthermore, we explored the frontiers of programmable
materials and showed how temporal information can additionally be encoded into
a flat shell. This allows prescribing deformation sequences for doubly curved
surfaces and, thus, facilitates self-collision avoidance enabling complex shapes
and functionalities otherwise impossible.\r\nBoth of these methods include inverse
design tools keeping the user in the design loop."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: "During the work on this thesis, I received substantial support from
IST Austria’s scientific service units. A big thank you to Todor Asenov and other
Miba Machine Shop team members for their help with fabrication of experimental prototypes.
In addition, I would like to thank Scientific Computing team for the support with
high performance computing.\r\nFinancial support was provided by the European Research
Council (ERC) under grant agreement No 715767 - MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented
Computational Design and Modeling, which I gratefully acknowledge."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Ruslan
full_name: Guseinov, Ruslan
id: 3AB45EE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Guseinov
orcid: 0000-0001-9819-5077
citation:
ama: 'Guseinov R. Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass façades
to programmable matter. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366'
apa: 'Guseinov, R. (2020). Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass
façades to programmable matter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366'
chicago: 'Guseinov, Ruslan. “Computational Design of Curved Thin Shells: From Glass
Façades to Programmable Matter.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366.'
ieee: 'R. Guseinov, “Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass façades
to programmable matter,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
ista: 'Guseinov R. 2020. Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass
façades to programmable matter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Guseinov, Ruslan. Computational Design of Curved Thin Shells: From Glass
Façades to Programmable Matter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366.'
short: 'R. Guseinov, Computational Design of Curved Thin Shells: From Glass Façades
to Programmable Matter, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
date_created: 2020-09-10T16:19:55Z
date_published: 2020-09-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-21T12:44:29Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f8da89553da36037296b0a80f14ebf50
content_type: application/pdf
creator: rguseino
date_created: 2020-09-10T16:11:49Z
date_updated: 2020-09-10T16:11:49Z
file_id: '8367'
file_name: thesis_rguseinov.pdf
file_size: 70950442
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: closed
checksum: e8fd944c960c20e0e27e6548af69121d
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: rguseino
date_created: 2020-09-11T09:39:48Z
date_updated: 2020-09-16T15:11:01Z
file_id: '8374'
file_name: thesis_source.zip
file_size: 76207597
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-16T15:11:01Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- computer-aided design
- shape modeling
- self-morphing
- mechanical engineering
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '118'
project:
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '715767'
name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
Modeling'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-010-7
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7151'
relation: research_data
status: deleted
- id: '7262'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8562'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1001'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8375'
relation: research_data
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
title: 'Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass façades to programmable
matter'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7525'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The medial habenula (MHb) is an evolutionary conserved epithalamic structure
important for the modulation of emotional memory. It is involved in regulation
of anxiety, compulsive behavior, addiction (nicotinic and opioid), sexual and
feeding behavior. MHb receives inputs from septal regions and projects exclusively
to the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). Distinct sub-regions of the septum project
to different subnuclei of MHb: the bed nucleus of anterior commissure projects
to dorsal MHb and the triangular septum projects to ventral MHb. Furthermore,
the dorsal and ventral MHb project to the lateral and rostral/central IPN, respectively.
Importantly, these projections have unique features of prominent co-release of
different neurotransmitters and requirement of a peculiar type of calcium channel
for release. In general, synaptic neurotransmission requires an activity-dependent
influx of Ca2+ into the presynaptic terminal through voltage-gated calcium channels.
The calcium channel family most commonly involved in neurotransmitter release
comprises three members, P/Q-, N- and R-type with Cav2.1, Cav2.2 and Cav2.3 subunits,
respectively. In contrast to most CNS synapses that mainly express Cav2.1 and/or
Cav2.2, MHb terminals in the IPN exclusively express Cav2.3. In other parts of
the brain, such as the hippocampus, Cav2.3 is mostly located to postsynaptic elements.
This unusual presynaptic location of Cav2.3 in the MHb-IPN pathway implies unique
mechanisms of glutamate release in this pathway. One potential example of such
uniqueness is the facilitation of release by GABAB receptor (GBR) activation.
Presynaptic GBRs usually inhibit the release of neurotransmitters by inhibiting
presynaptic calcium channels. MHb shows the highest expression levels of GBR in
the brain. GBRs comprise two subunits, GABAB1 (GB1) and GABAB2 (GB2), and are
associated with auxiliary subunits, called potassium channel tetramerization domain
containing proteins (KCTD) 8, 12, 12b and 16. Among these four subunits, KCTD12b
is exclusively expressed in ventral MHb, and KCTD8 shows the strongest expression
in the whole MHb among other brain regions, indicating that KCTD8 and KCTD12b
may be involved in the unique mechanisms of neurotransmitter release mediated
by Cav2.3 and regulated by GBRs in this pathway. \r\nIn the present study, we
first verified that neurotransmission in both dorsal and ventral MHb-IPN pathways
is mainly mediated by Cav2.3 using a selective blocker of R-type channels, SNX-482.
We next found that baclofen, a GBR agonist, has facilitatory effects on release
from ventral MHb terminal in rostral IPN, whereas it has inhibitory effects on
release from dorsal MHb terminals in lateral IPN, indicating that KCTD12b expressed
exclusively in ventral MHb may have a role in the facilitatory effects of GBR
activation. In a heterologous expression system using HEK cells, we found that
KCTD8 and KCTD12b but not KCTD12 directly bind with Cav2.3. Pre-embedding immunogold
electron microscopy data show that Cav2.3 and KCTD12b are distributed most densely
in presynaptic active zone in IPN with KCTD12b being present only in rostral/central
but not lateral IPN, whereas GABAB, KCTD8 and KCTD12 are distributed most densely
in perisynaptic sites with KCTD12 present more frequently in postsynaptic elements
and only in rostral/central IPN. In freeze-fracture replica labelling, Cav2.3,
KCTD8 and KCTD12b are co-localized with each other in the same active zone indicating
that they may form complexes regulating vesicle release in rostral IPN. \r\nOn
electrophysiological studies of wild type (WT) mice, we found that paired-pulse
ratio in rostral IPN of KCTD12b knock-out (KO) mice is lower than those of WT
and KCTD8 KO mice. Consistent with this finding, in mean variance analysis, release
probability in rostral IPN of KCTD12b KO mice is higher than that of WT and KCTD8
KO mice. Although paired-pulse ratios are not different between WT and KCTD8 KO
mice, the mean variance analysis revealed significantly lower release probability
in rostral IPN of KCTD8 KO than WT mice. These results demonstrate bidirectional
regulation of Cav2.3-mediated release by KCTD8 and KCTD12b without GBR activation
in rostral IPN. Finally, we examined the baclofen effects in rostral IPN of KCTD8
and KCTD12b KO mice, and found the facilitation of release remained in both KO
mice, indicating that the peculiar effects of the GBR activation in this pathway
do not depend on the selective expression of these KCTD subunits in ventral MHb.
However, we found that presynaptic potentiation of evoked EPSC amplitude by baclofen
falls to baseline after washout faster in KCTD12b KO mice than WT, KCTD8 KO and
KCTD8/12b double KO mice. This result indicates that KCTD12b is involved in sustained
potentiation of vesicle release by GBR activation, whereas KCTD8 is involved in
its termination in the absence of KCTD12b. Consistent with these functional findings,
replica labelling revealed an increase in density of KCTD8, but not Cav2.3 or
GBR at active zone in rostral IPN of KCTD12b KO mice compared with that of WT
mice, suggesting that increased association of KCTD8 with Cav2.3 facilitates the
release probability and termination of the GBR effect in the absence of KCTD12b.\r\nIn
summary, our study provided new insights into the physiological roles of presynaptic
Cav2.3, GBRs and their auxiliary subunits KCTDs at an evolutionary conserved neuronal
circuit. Future studies will be required to identify the exact molecular mechanism
underlying the GBR-mediated presynaptic potentiation on ventral MHb terminals.
It remains to be determined whether the prominent presence of presynaptic KCTDs
at active zone could exert similar neuromodulatory functions in different pathways
of the brain.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Pradeep
full_name: Bhandari, Pradeep
id: 45EDD1BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bhandari
orcid: 0000-0003-0863-4481
citation:
ama: Bhandari P. Localization and functional role of Cav2.3 in the medial habenula
to interpeduncular nucleus pathway. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7525
apa: Bhandari, P. (2020). Localization and functional role of Cav2.3 in the medial
habenula to interpeduncular nucleus pathway. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7525
chicago: Bhandari, Pradeep. “Localization and Functional Role of Cav2.3 in the Medial
Habenula to Interpeduncular Nucleus Pathway.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7525.
ieee: P. Bhandari, “Localization and functional role of Cav2.3 in the medial habenula
to interpeduncular nucleus pathway,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020.
ista: Bhandari P. 2020. Localization and functional role of Cav2.3 in the medial
habenula to interpeduncular nucleus pathway. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Bhandari, Pradeep. Localization and Functional Role of Cav2.3 in the Medial
Habenula to Interpeduncular Nucleus Pathway. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7525.
short: P. Bhandari, Localization and Functional Role of Cav2.3 in the Medial Habenula
to Interpeduncular Nucleus Pathway, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020.
date_created: 2020-02-26T10:56:37Z
date_published: 2020-02-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:20:03Z
day: '28'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: RySh
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7525
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 4589234fdb12b4ad72273b311723a7b4
content_type: application/pdf
creator: pbhandari
date_created: 2020-02-28T08:37:53Z
date_updated: 2021-03-01T23:30:04Z
embargo: 2021-02-28
file_id: '7538'
file_name: Pradeep Bhandari Thesis.pdf
file_size: 9646346
relation: main_file
title: Localization and functional role of Cav2.3 in the medial habenula to interpeduncular
nucleus pathway
- access_level: closed
checksum: aa79490553ca0a5c9b6fbcd152e93928
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: pbhandari
date_created: 2020-02-28T08:47:14Z
date_updated: 2021-03-01T23:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '7539'
file_name: Pradeep Bhandari Thesis.docx
file_size: 35252164
relation: source_file
title: Localization and functional role of Cav2.3 in the medial habenula to interpeduncular
nucleus pathway
file_date_updated: 2021-03-01T23:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Cav2.3
- medial habenula (MHb)
- interpeduncular nucleus (IPN)
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '79'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
title: Localization and functional role of Cav2.3 in the medial habenula to interpeduncular
nucleus pathway
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8657'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Synthesis of proteins – translation – is a fundamental process of life. Quantitative
studies anchor translation into the context of bacterial physiology and reveal
several mathematical relationships, called “growth laws,” which capture physiological
feedbacks between protein synthesis and cell growth. Growth laws describe the
dependency of the ribosome abundance as a function of growth rate, which can change
depending on the growth conditions. Perturbations of translation reveal that bacteria
employ a compensatory strategy in which the reduced translation capability results
in increased expression of the translation machinery.\r\nPerturbations of translation
are achieved in various ways; clinically interesting is the application of translation-targeting
antibiotics – translation inhibitors. The antibiotic effects on bacterial physiology
are often poorly understood. Bacterial responses to two or more simultaneously
applied antibiotics are even more puzzling. The combined antibiotic effect determines
the type of drug interaction, which ranges from synergy (the effect is stronger
than expected) to antagonism (the effect is weaker) and suppression (one of the
drugs loses its potency).\r\nIn the first part of this work, we systematically
measure the pairwise interaction network for translation inhibitors that interfere
with different steps in translation. We find that the interactions are surprisingly
diverse and tend to be more antagonistic. To explore the underlying mechanisms,
we begin with a minimal biophysical model of combined antibiotic action. We base
this model on the kinetics of antibiotic uptake and binding together with the
physiological response described by the growth laws. The biophysical model explains
some drug interactions, but not all; it specifically fails to predict suppression.\r\nIn
the second part of this work, we hypothesize that elusive suppressive drug interactions
result from the interplay between ribosomes halted in different stages of translation.
To elucidate this putative mechanism of drug interactions between translation
inhibitors, we generate translation bottlenecks genetically using in- ducible
control of translation factors that regulate well-defined translation cycle steps.
These perturbations accurately mimic antibiotic action and drug interactions,
supporting that the interplay of different translation bottlenecks partially causes
these interactions.\r\nWe extend this approach by varying two translation bottlenecks
simultaneously. This approach reveals the suppression of translocation inhibition
by inhibited translation. We rationalize this effect by modeling dense traffic
of ribosomes that move on transcripts in a translation factor-mediated manner.
This model predicts a dissolution of traffic jams caused by inhibited translocation
when the density of ribosome traffic is reduced by lowered initiation. We base
this model on the growth laws and quantitative relationships between different
translation and growth parameters.\r\nIn the final part of this work, we describe
a set of tools aimed at quantification of physiological and translation parameters.
We further develop a simple model that directly connects the abundance of a translation
factor with the growth rate, which allows us to extract physiological parameters
describing initiation. We demonstrate the development of tools for measuring translation
rate.\r\nThis thesis showcases how a combination of high-throughput growth rate
mea- surements, genetics, and modeling can reveal mechanisms of drug interactions.
Furthermore, by a gradual transition from combinations of antibiotics to precise
genetic interventions, we demonstrated the equivalency between genetic and chemi-
cal perturbations of translation. These findings tile the path for quantitative
studies of antibiotic combinations and illustrate future approaches towards the
quantitative description of translation."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: I thank Life Science Facilities for their continuous support with
providing top-notch laboratory materials, keeping the devices humming, and coordinating
the repairs and building of custom-designed laboratory equipment with the MIBA Machine
shop.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Bor
full_name: Kavcic, Bor
id: 350F91D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kavcic
orcid: 0000-0001-6041-254X
citation:
ama: 'Kavcic B. Perturbations of protein synthesis: from antibiotics to genetics
and physiology. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8657'
apa: 'Kavcic, B. (2020). Perturbations of protein synthesis: from antibiotics
to genetics and physiology. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8657'
chicago: 'Kavcic, Bor. “Perturbations of Protein Synthesis: From Antibiotics to
Genetics and Physiology.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8657.'
ieee: 'B. Kavcic, “Perturbations of protein synthesis: from antibiotics to genetics
and physiology,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
ista: 'Kavcic B. 2020. Perturbations of protein synthesis: from antibiotics to genetics
and physiology. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Kavcic, Bor. Perturbations of Protein Synthesis: From Antibiotics to Genetics
and Physiology. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8657.'
short: 'B. Kavcic, Perturbations of Protein Synthesis: From Antibiotics to Genetics
and Physiology, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
date_created: 2020-10-13T16:46:14Z
date_published: 2020-10-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:20:48Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '571'
- '530'
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8657
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d708ecd62b6fcc3bc1feb483b8dbe9eb
content_type: application/pdf
creator: bkavcic
date_created: 2020-10-15T06:41:20Z
date_updated: 2021-10-07T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2021-10-06
file_id: '8663'
file_name: kavcicB_thesis202009.pdf
file_size: 52636162
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: bb35f2352a04db19164da609f00501f3
content_type: application/zip
creator: bkavcic
date_created: 2020-10-15T06:41:53Z
date_updated: 2021-10-07T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8664'
file_name: 2020b.zip
file_size: 321681247
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-10-07T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '271'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-011-4
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7673'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8250'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Gašper
full_name: Tkačik, Gašper
id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkačik
orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455
- first_name: Mark Tobias
full_name: Bollenbach, Mark Tobias
id: 3E6DB97A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bollenbach
orcid: 0000-0003-4398-476X
title: 'Perturbations of protein synthesis: from antibiotics to genetics and physiology'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8620'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The development of the human brain occurs through a tightly regulated series
of dynamic and adaptive processes during prenatal and postnatal life. A disruption
of this strictly orchestrated series of events can lead to a number of neurodevelopmental
conditions, including Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). ASDs are a very common,
etiologically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of disorders sharing the
core symptoms of social interaction and communication deficits and restrictive
and repetitive interests and behaviors. They are estimated to affect one in 59
individuals in the U.S. and, over the last three decades, mutations in more than
a hundred genetic loci have been convincingly linked to ASD pathogenesis. Yet,
for the vast majority of these ASD-risk genes their role during brain development
and precise molecular function still remain elusive.\r\nDe novo loss of function
mutations in the ubiquitin ligase-encoding gene Cullin 3 (CUL3) lead to ASD. In
the study described here, we used Cul3 mouse models to evaluate the consequences
of Cul3 mutations in vivo. Our results show that Cul3 heterozygous knockout mice
exhibit deficits in motor coordination as well as ASD-relevant social and cognitive
impairments. Cul3+/-, Cul3+/fl Emx1-Cre and Cul3fl/fl Emx1-Cre mutant brains display
cortical lamination abnormalities due to defective migration of post-mitotic excitatory
neurons, as well as reduced numbers of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. In line
with the observed abnormal cortical organization, Cul3 heterozygous deletion is
associated with decreased spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory activity in the
cortex. At the molecular level we show that Cul3 regulates cytoskeletal and adhesion
protein abundance in the mouse embryonic cortex. Abnormal regulation of cytoskeletal
proteins in Cul3 mutant neural cells results in atypical organization of the actin
mesh at the cell leading edge. Of note, heterozygous deletion of Cul3 in adult
mice does not induce the majority of the behavioral defects observed in constitutive
Cul3 haploinsufficient animals, pointing to a critical time-window for Cul3 deficiency.\r\nIn
conclusion, our data indicate that Cul3 plays a critical role in the regulation
of cytoskeletal proteins and neuronal migration. ASD-associated defects and behavioral
abnormalities are primarily due to dosage sensitive Cul3 functions at early brain
developmental stages."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: PreCl
acknowledgement: I would like to especially thank Armel Nicolas from the Proteomics
and Christoph Sommer from the Bioimaging Facilities for the data analysis, and to
thank the team of the Preclinical Facility, especially Sabina Deixler, Angela Schlerka,
Anita Lepold, Mihalea Mihai and Michael Schun for taking care of the mouse line
maintenance and their great support.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Jasmin
full_name: Morandell, Jasmin
id: 4739D480-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Morandell
citation:
ama: Morandell J. Illuminating the role of Cul3 in autism spectrum disorder pathogenesis.
2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8620
apa: Morandell, J. (2020). Illuminating the role of Cul3 in autism spectrum disorder
pathogenesis. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8620
chicago: Morandell, Jasmin. “Illuminating the Role of Cul3 in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Pathogenesis.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8620.
ieee: J. Morandell, “Illuminating the role of Cul3 in autism spectrum disorder pathogenesis,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Morandell J. 2020. Illuminating the role of Cul3 in autism spectrum disorder
pathogenesis. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Morandell, Jasmin. Illuminating the Role of Cul3 in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Pathogenesis. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8620.
short: J. Morandell, Illuminating the Role of Cul3 in Autism Spectrum Disorder Pathogenesis,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-10-07T14:53:13Z
date_published: 2020-10-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:22:14Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '610'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GaNo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8620
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 7ee83e42de3e5ce2fedb44dff472f75f
content_type: application/pdf
creator: jmorande
date_created: 2020-10-07T14:41:49Z
date_updated: 2021-10-16T22:30:04Z
embargo: 2021-10-15
file_id: '8621'
file_name: Jasmin_Morandell_Thesis-2020_final.pdf
file_size: 16155786
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 5e0464af453734210ce7aab7b4a92e3a
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: jmorande
date_created: 2020-10-07T14:45:07Z
date_updated: 2021-10-16T22:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8622'
file_name: Jasmin_Morandell_Thesis-2020_final.zip
file_size: 24344152
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-10-16T22:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '138'
project:
- _id: 2548AE96-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: W1232-B24
name: Molecular Drug Targets
- _id: 05A0D778-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
grant_number: F07807
name: Neural stem cells in autism and epilepsy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7800'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8131'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Gaia
full_name: Novarino, Gaia
id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Novarino
orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
title: Illuminating the role of Cul3 in autism spectrum disorder pathogenesis
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8340'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Mitochondria are sites of oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells. Oxidative
phosphorylation operates by a chemiosmotic mechanism made possible by redox-driven
proton pumping machines which establish a proton motive force across the inner
mitochondrial membrane. This electrochemical proton gradient is used to drive
ATP synthesis, which powers the majority of cellular processes such as protein
synthesis, locomotion and signalling. In this thesis I investigate the structures
and molecular mechanisms of two inner mitochondrial proton pumping enzymes, respiratory
complex I and transhydrogenase. I present the first high-resolution structure
of the full transhydrogenase from any species, and a significantly improved structure
of complex I. Improving the resolution from 3.3 Å available previously to up to
2.3 Å in this thesis allowed us to model bound water molecules, crucial in the
proton pumping mechanism. For both enzymes, up to five cryo-EM datasets with different
substrates and inhibitors bound were solved to delineate the catalytic cycle and
understand the proton pumping mechanism. In transhydrogenase, the proton channel
is gated by reversible detachment of the NADP(H)-binding domain which opens the
proton channel to the opposite sites of the membrane. In complex I, the proton
channels are gated by reversible protonation of key glutamate and lysine residues
and breaking of the water wire connecting the proton pumps with the quinone reduction
site. The tight coupling between the redox and the proton pumping reactions in
transhydrogenase is achieved by controlling the NADP(H) exchange which can only
happen when the NADP(H)-binding domain interacts with the membrane domain. In
complex I, coupling is achieved by cycling of the whole complex between the closed
state, in which quinone can get reduced, and the open state, in which NADH can
induce quinol ejection from the binding pocket. On the basis of these results
I propose detailed mechanisms for catalytic cycles of transhydrogenase and complex
I that are consistent with a large amount of previous work. In both enzymes, conformational
and electrostatic mechanisms contribute to the overall catalytic process. Results
presented here could be used for better understanding of the human pathologies
arising from deficiencies of complex I or transhydrogenase and could be used to
develop novel therapies.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
acknowledgement: 'I acknowledge the support of IST facilities, especially the Electron
Miscroscopy facility for providing training and resources. Special thanks also go
to cryo-EM specialists who helped me to collect the data present here: Dr Valentin
Hodirnau (IST Austria), Dr Tom Heuser (IMBA, Vienna), Dr Rebecca Thompson (Uni.
of Leeds) and Dr Jirka Nováček (CEITEC). This work has been supported by iNEXT,
project number 653706, funded by the Horizon 2020 programme of the European Union.
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 665385.'
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Domen
full_name: Kampjut, Domen
id: 37233050-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kampjut
citation:
ama: Kampjut D. Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial redox-coupled proton pumping
enzymes. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8340
apa: Kampjut, D. (2020). Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial redox-coupled
proton pumping enzymes. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8340
chicago: Kampjut, Domen. “Molecular Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Redox-Coupled Proton
Pumping Enzymes.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8340.
ieee: D. Kampjut, “Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial redox-coupled proton pumping
enzymes,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Kampjut D. 2020. Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial redox-coupled proton
pumping enzymes. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Kampjut, Domen. Molecular Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Redox-Coupled Proton
Pumping Enzymes. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8340.
short: D. Kampjut, Molecular Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Redox-Coupled Proton Pumping
Enzymes, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-07T18:42:23Z
date_published: 2020-09-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:26:17Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '572'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: LeSa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8340
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: dd270baf82121eb4472ad19d77bf227c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dkampjut
date_created: 2020-09-08T13:32:06Z
date_updated: 2021-09-11T22:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8345'
file_name: ThesisFull20200908.docx
file_size: 166146359
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 82fce6f95ffa47ecc4ebca67ea2cc38c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-09-14T15:02:20Z
date_updated: 2021-09-11T22:30:04Z
embargo: 2021-09-10
file_id: '8393'
file_name: 2020_Thesis_Kampjut.pdf
file_size: 13873769
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-09-11T22:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: '242'
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-008-4
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6848'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Leonid A
full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A
id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sazanov
orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989
title: Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial redox-coupled proton pumping enzymes
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8983'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Metabolic adaptation is a critical feature of migrating cells. It tunes the
metabolic programs of migrating cells to allow them to efficiently exert their
crucial roles in development, inflammatory responses and tumor metastasis. Cell
migration through physically challenging contexts requires energy. However, how
the metabolic reprogramming that underlies in vivo cell invasion is controlled
is still unanswered. In my PhD project, I identify a novel conserved metabolic
shift in Drosophila melanogaster immune cells that by modulating their bioenergetic
potential controls developmentally programmed tissue invasion. We show that this
regulation requires a novel conserved nuclear protein, named Atossa. Atossa enhances
the transcription of a set of proteins, including an RNA helicase Porthos and
two metabolic enzymes, each of which increases the tissue invasion of leading
Drosophila macrophages and can rescue the atossa mutant phenotype. Porthos selectively
regulates the translational efficiency of a subset of mRNAs containing a 5’-UTR
cis-regulatory TOP-like sequence. These 5’TOPL mRNA targets encode mitochondrial-related
proteins, including subunits of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)
components III and V and other metabolic-related proteins. Porthos powers up mitochondrial
OXPHOS to engender a sufficient ATP supply, which is required for tissue invasion
of leading macrophages. Atossa’s two vertebrate orthologs rescue the invasion
defect. In my PhD project, I elucidate that Atossa displays a conserved developmental
metabolic control to modulate metabolic capacities and the cellular energy state,
through altered transcription and translation, to aid the tissue infiltration
of leading cells into energy demanding barriers.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: E-Lib
- _id: CampIT
acknowledgement: Also, I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to the Bioimaging
facility, LSF, GSO, library, and IT people at IST Austria.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Shamsi
full_name: Emtenani, Shamsi
id: 49D32318-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Emtenani
orcid: 0000-0001-6981-6938
citation:
ama: Emtenani S. Metabolic regulation of Drosophila macrophage tissue invasion.
2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8983
apa: Emtenani, S. (2020). Metabolic regulation of Drosophila macrophage tissue
invasion. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8983
chicago: Emtenani, Shamsi. “Metabolic Regulation of Drosophila Macrophage Tissue
Invasion.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8983.
ieee: S. Emtenani, “Metabolic regulation of Drosophila macrophage tissue invasion,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Emtenani S. 2020. Metabolic regulation of Drosophila macrophage tissue invasion.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Emtenani, Shamsi. Metabolic Regulation of Drosophila Macrophage Tissue Invasion.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8983.
short: S. Emtenani, Metabolic Regulation of Drosophila Macrophage Tissue Invasion,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-12-30T15:41:26Z
date_published: 2020-12-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:24:17Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: DaSi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8983
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: ec2797ab7a6f253b35df0572b36d1b43
content_type: application/pdf
creator: semtenan
date_created: 2020-12-30T15:34:01Z
date_updated: 2021-12-31T23:30:04Z
embargo: 2021-12-30
file_id: '8984'
file_name: Thesis_Shamsi_Emtenani_pdfA.pdf
file_size: 10848175
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: cc30e6608a9815414024cf548dff3b3a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: semtenan
date_created: 2020-12-30T15:37:36Z
date_updated: 2021-12-31T23:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8985'
file_name: Thesis_Shamsi_Emtenani_source file.pdf
file_size: 10073648
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-12-31T23:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '141'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8557'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6187'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Daria E
full_name: Siekhaus, Daria E
id: 3D224B9E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Siekhaus
orcid: 0000-0001-8323-8353
title: Metabolic regulation of Drosophila macrophage tissue invasion
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7258'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Many flows encountered in nature and applications are characterized by a chaotic
motion known as turbulence. Turbulent flows generate intense friction with pipe
walls and are responsible for considerable amounts of energy losses at world scale.
The nature of turbulent friction and techniques aimed at reducing it have been
subject of extensive research over the last century, but no definite answer has
been found yet. In this thesis we show that in pipes at moderate turbulent Reynolds
numbers friction is better described by the power law first introduced by Blasius
and not by the Prandtl–von Kármán formula. At higher Reynolds numbers, large scale
motions gradually become more important in the flow and can be related to the
change in scaling of friction. Next, we present a series of new techniques that
can relaminarize turbulence by suppressing a key mechanism that regenerates it
at walls, the lift–up effect. In addition, we investigate the process of turbulence
decay in several experiments and discuss the drag reduction potential. Finally,
we examine the behavior of friction under pulsating conditions inspired by the
human heart cycle and we show that under such circumstances turbulent friction
can be reduced to produce energy savings.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Davide
full_name: Scarselli, Davide
id: 40315C30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Scarselli
orcid: 0000-0001-5227-4271
citation:
ama: Scarselli D. New approaches to reduce friction in turbulent pipe flow. 2020.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7258
apa: Scarselli, D. (2020). New approaches to reduce friction in turbulent pipe
flow. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7258
chicago: Scarselli, Davide. “New Approaches to Reduce Friction in Turbulent Pipe
Flow.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7258.
ieee: D. Scarselli, “New approaches to reduce friction in turbulent pipe flow,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Scarselli D. 2020. New approaches to reduce friction in turbulent pipe flow.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Scarselli, Davide. New Approaches to Reduce Friction in Turbulent Pipe Flow.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7258.
short: D. Scarselli, New Approaches to Reduce Friction in Turbulent Pipe Flow, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-01-12T16:07:26Z
date_published: 2020-01-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-15T12:20:08Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '532'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7258
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 4df1ab24e9896635106adde5a54615bf
content_type: application/zip
creator: dscarsel
date_created: 2020-01-12T15:57:14Z
date_updated: 2021-01-13T23:30:05Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '7259'
file_name: 2020_Scarselli_Thesis.zip
file_size: 26640830
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 48659ab98e3414293c7a721385c2fd1c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dscarsel
date_created: 2020-01-12T15:56:14Z
date_updated: 2021-01-13T23:30:05Z
embargo: 2021-01-12
file_id: '7260'
file_name: 2020_Scarselli_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 8515844
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-01-13T23:30:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: '174'
project:
- _id: 25152F3A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '306589'
name: Decoding the complexity of turbulence at its origin
- _id: 25104D44-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '737549'
name: Eliminating turbulence in oil pipelines
- _id: 25136C54-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: HO 4393/1-2
name: Experimental studies of the turbulence transition and transport processes
in turbulent Taylor-Couette currents
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6228'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6486'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '461'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '422'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
title: New approaches to reduce friction in turbulent pipe flow
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8653'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Mutations are the raw material of evolution and come in many different flavors.
Point mutations change a single letter in the DNA sequence, while copy number
mutations like duplications or deletions add or remove many letters of the DNA
sequence simultaneously. Each type of mutation exhibits specific properties like
its rate of formation and reversal. \r\nGene expression is a fundamental phenotype
that can be altered by both, point and copy number mutations. The following thesis
is concerned with the dynamics of gene expression evolution and how it is affected
by the properties exhibited by point and copy number mutations. Specifically,
we are considering i) copy number mutations during adaptation to fluctuating environments
and ii) the interaction of copy number and point mutations during adaptation to
constant environments. "
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Isabella
full_name: Tomanek, Isabella
id: 3981F020-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tomanek
orcid: 0000-0001-6197-363X
citation:
ama: Tomanek I. The evolution of gene expression by copy number and point mutations.
2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8653
apa: Tomanek, I. (2020). The evolution of gene expression by copy number and
point mutations. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8653
chicago: Tomanek, Isabella. “The Evolution of Gene Expression by Copy Number and
Point Mutations.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8653.
ieee: I. Tomanek, “The evolution of gene expression by copy number and point mutations,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Tomanek I. 2020. The evolution of gene expression by copy number and point
mutations. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Tomanek, Isabella. The Evolution of Gene Expression by Copy Number and Point
Mutations. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8653.
short: I. Tomanek, The Evolution of Gene Expression by Copy Number and Point Mutations,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-10-13T13:02:33Z
date_published: 2020-10-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:22:42Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '576'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: CaGu
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8653
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: c01d9f59794b4b70528f37637c17ad02
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: itomanek
date_created: 2020-10-16T12:14:21Z
date_updated: 2021-10-20T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8666'
file_name: Thesis_ITomanek_final_201016.docx
file_size: 25131884
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f8edbc3b0f81a780e13ca1e561d42d8b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: itomanek
date_created: 2020-10-16T12:14:21Z
date_updated: 2021-10-20T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2021-10-19
file_id: '8667'
file_name: Thesis_ITomanek_final_201016.pdf
file_size: 15405675
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-10-20T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- duplication
- amplification
- promoter
- CNV
- AMGET
- experimental evolution
- Escherichia coli
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '117'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7652'
relation: research_data
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Calin C
full_name: Guet, Calin C
id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Guet
orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052
title: The evolution of gene expression by copy number and point mutations
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8822'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Self-organization is a hallmark of plant development manifested e.g. by intricate
leaf vein patterns, flexible formation of vasculature during organogenesis or
its regeneration following wounding. Spontaneously arising channels transporting
the phytohormone auxin, created by coordinated polar localizations of PIN-FORMED
1 (PIN1) auxin exporter, provide positional cues for these as well as other plant
patterning processes. To find regulators acting downstream of auxin and the TIR1/AFB
auxin signaling pathway essential for PIN1 coordinated polarization during auxin
canalization, we performed microarray experiments. Besides the known components
of general PIN polarity maintenance, such as PID and PIP5K kinases, we identified
and characterized a new regulator of auxin canalization, the transcription factor
WRKY DNA-BINDING PROTEIN 23 (WRKY23).\r\nNext, we designed a subsequent microarray
experiment to further uncover other molecular players, downstream of auxin-TIR1/AFB-WRKY23
involved in the regulation of auxin-mediated PIN repolarization. We identified
a novel and crucial part of the molecular machinery underlying auxin canalization.
The auxin-regulated malectin-type receptor-like kinase CAMEL and the associated
leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase CANAR target and directly phosphorylate
PIN auxin transporters. camel and canar mutants are impaired in PIN1 subcellular
trafficking and auxin-mediated repolarization leading to defects in auxin transport,
ultimately to leaf venation and vasculature regeneration defects. Our results
describe the CAMEL-CANAR receptor complex, which is required for auxin feed-back
on its own transport and thus for coordinated tissue polarization during auxin
canalization."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Jakub
full_name: Hajny, Jakub
id: 4800CC20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hajny
orcid: 0000-0003-2140-7195
citation:
ama: Hajny J. Identification and characterization of the molecular machinery of
auxin-dependent canalization during vasculature formation and regeneration. 2020.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8822
apa: Hajny, J. (2020). Identification and characterization of the molecular machinery
of auxin-dependent canalization during vasculature formation and regeneration.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8822
chicago: Hajny, Jakub. “Identification and Characterization of the Molecular Machinery
of Auxin-Dependent Canalization during Vasculature Formation and Regeneration.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8822.
ieee: J. Hajny, “Identification and characterization of the molecular machinery
of auxin-dependent canalization during vasculature formation and regeneration,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Hajny J. 2020. Identification and characterization of the molecular machinery
of auxin-dependent canalization during vasculature formation and regeneration.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Hajny, Jakub. Identification and Characterization of the Molecular Machinery
of Auxin-Dependent Canalization during Vasculature Formation and Regeneration.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8822.
short: J. Hajny, Identification and Characterization of the Molecular Machinery
of Auxin-Dependent Canalization during Vasculature Formation and Regeneration,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-12-01T12:38:18Z
date_published: 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T10:39:33Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8822
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 210a9675af5e4c78b0b56d920ac82866
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: jhajny
date_created: 2020-12-04T07:27:52Z
date_updated: 2021-07-16T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8919'
file_name: Jakub Hajný IST Austria final_JH.docx
file_size: 91279806
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 1781385b4aa73eba89cc76c6172f71d2
content_type: application/pdf
creator: jhajny
date_created: 2020-12-09T15:04:41Z
date_updated: 2021-12-08T23:30:03Z
embargo: 2021-12-07
file_id: '8933'
file_name: Jakub Hajný IST Austria final_JH-merged without Science.pdf
file_size: 68707697
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-12-08T23:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '249'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7427'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6260'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7500'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '191'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '449'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
title: Identification and characterization of the molecular machinery of auxin-dependent
canalization during vasculature formation and regeneration
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8350'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Cytoplasm is a gel-like crowded environment composed of tens of thousands
of macromolecules, organelles, cytoskeletal networks and cytosol. The structure
of the cytoplasm is thought to be highly organized and heterogeneous due to the
crowding of its constituents and their effective compartmentalization. In such
an environment, the diffusive dynamics of the molecules is very restricted, an
effect that is further amplified by clustering and anchoring of molecules. Despite
the jammed nature of the cytoplasm at the microscopic scale, large-scale reorganization
of cytoplasm is essential for important cellular functions, such as nuclear positioning
and cell division. How such mesoscale reorganization of the cytoplasm is achieved,
especially for very large cells such as oocytes or syncytial tissues that can
span hundreds of micrometers in size, has only begun to be understood.\r\nIn this
thesis, I focus on the recent advances in elucidating the molecular, cellular
and biophysical principles underlying cytoplasmic organization across different
scales, structures and species. First, I outline which of these principles have
been identified by reductionist approaches, such as in vitro reconstitution assays,
where boundary conditions and components can be modulated at ease. I then describe
how the theoretical and experimental framework established in these reduced systems
have been applied to their more complex in vivo counterparts, in particular oocytes
and embryonic syncytial structures, and discuss how such complex biological systems
can initiate symmetry breaking and establish patterning.\r\nSpecifically, I examine
an example of large-scale reorganizations taking place in zebrafish embryos, where
extensive cytoplasmic streaming leads to the segregation of cytoplasm from yolk
granules along the animal-vegetal axis of the embryo. Using biophysical experimentation
and theory, I investigate the forces underlying this process, to show that this
process does not rely on cortical actin reorganization, as previously thought,
but instead on a cell-cycle-dependent bulk actin polymerization wave traveling
from the animal to the vegetal pole of the embryo. This wave functions in segregation
by both pulling cytoplasm animally and pushing yolk granules vegetally. Cytoplasm
pulling is mediated by bulk actin network flows exerting friction forces on the
cytoplasm, while yolk granule pushing is achieved by a mechanism closely resembling
actin comet formation on yolk granules. This study defines a novel role of bulk
actin polymerization waves in embryo polarization via cytoplasmic segregation.
Lastly, I describe the cytoplasmic reorganizations taking place during zebrafish
oocyte maturation, where the initial segregation of the cytoplasm and yolk granules
occurs. Here, I demonstrate a previously uncharacterized wave of microtubule aster
formation, traveling the oocyte along the animal-vegetal axis. Further research
is required to determine the role of such microtubule structures in cytoplasmic
reorganizations therein.\r\nCollectively, these studies provide further evidence
for the coupling between cell cytoskeleton and cell cycle machinery, which can
underlie a core self-organizing mechanism for orchestrating large-scale reorganizations
in a cell-cycle-tunable manner, where the modulations of the force-generating
machinery and cytoplasmic mechanics can be harbored to fulfill cellular functions."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: PreCl
- _id: Bio
- _id: EM-Fac
acknowledgement: "I would have had no fish and hence no results without our wonderful
fish facility crew, Verena Mayer, Eva Schlegl, Andreas Mlak and Matthias Nowak.
Special thanks to Verena for being always happy to help and dealing with our chaotic
schedules in the lab. Danke auch, Verena, für deine Geduld, mit mir auf Deutsch
zu sprechen. Das hat mir sehr geholfen.\r\nSpecial thanks to the Bioimaging and
EM facilities at IST Austria for supporting us every day. Very special thanks would
go to Robert Hauschild for his continuous support on data analysis and also to Jack
Merrin for designing and building microfabricated chambers for the project and for
the various discussions on making zebrafish extracts."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Shayan
full_name: Shamipour, Shayan
id: 40B34FE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shamipour
citation:
ama: Shamipour S. Bulk actin dynamics drive phase segregation in zebrafish oocytes
. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8350
apa: Shamipour, S. (2020). Bulk actin dynamics drive phase segregation in zebrafish
oocytes . Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8350
chicago: Shamipour, Shayan. “Bulk Actin Dynamics Drive Phase Segregation in Zebrafish
Oocytes .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8350.
ieee: S. Shamipour, “Bulk actin dynamics drive phase segregation in zebrafish oocytes
,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Shamipour S. 2020. Bulk actin dynamics drive phase segregation in zebrafish
oocytes . Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Shamipour, Shayan. Bulk Actin Dynamics Drive Phase Segregation in Zebrafish
Oocytes . Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8350.
short: S. Shamipour, Bulk Actin Dynamics Drive Phase Segregation in Zebrafish Oocytes
, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-09T11:12:10Z
date_published: 2020-09-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-27T14:16:45Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: BjHo
- _id: CaHe
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8350
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 6e47871c74f85008b9876112eb3fcfa1
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: sshamip
date_created: 2020-09-09T11:06:27Z
date_updated: 2021-09-11T22:30:05Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '8351'
file_name: Shayan-Thesis-Final.docx
file_size: 65194814
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 1b44c57f04d7e8a6fe41b1c9c55a52a3
content_type: application/pdf
creator: sshamip
date_created: 2020-09-09T11:06:13Z
date_updated: 2021-09-11T22:30:05Z
embargo: 2021-09-10
file_id: '8352'
file_name: Shayan-Thesis-Final.pdf
file_size: 23729605
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-09-11T22:30:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: '107'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '661'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6508'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '7001'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '735'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Heisenberg
orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
title: 'Bulk actin dynamics drive phase segregation in zebrafish oocytes '
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7902'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Mosaic genetic analysis has been widely used in different model organisms
such as the fruit fly to study gene-function in a cell-autonomous or tissue-specific
fashion. More recently, and less easily conducted, mosaic genetic analysis in
mice has also been enabled with the ambition to shed light on human gene function
and disease. These genetic tools are of particular interest, but not restricted
to, the study of the brain. Notably, the MADM technology offers a genetic approach
in mice to visualize and concomitantly manipulate small subsets of genetically
defined cells at a clonal level and single cell resolution. MADM-based analysis
has already advanced the study of genetic mechanisms regulating brain development
and is expected that further MADM-based analysis of genetic alterations will continue
to reveal important insights on the fundamental principles of development and
disease to potentially assist in the development of new therapies or treatments.\r\nIn
summary, this work completed and characterized the necessary genome-wide genetic
tools to perform MADM-based analysis at single cell level of the vast majority
of mouse genes in virtually any cell type and provided a protocol to perform lineage
tracing using the novel MADM resource. Importantly, this work also explored and
revealed novel aspects of biologically relevant events in an in vivo context,
such as the chromosome-specific bias of chromatid sister segregation pattern,
the generation of cell-type diversity in the cerebral cortex and in the cerebellum
and finally, the relevance of the interplay between the cell-autonomous gene function
and cell-non-autonomous (community) effects in radial glial progenitor lineage
progression.\r\nThis work provides a foundation and opens the door to further
elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal diversity and astrocyte
generation."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: PreCl
- _id: Bio
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Ximena
full_name: Contreras, Ximena
id: 475990FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Contreras
citation:
ama: Contreras X. Genetic dissection of neural development in health and disease
at single cell resolution. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7902
apa: Contreras, X. (2020). Genetic dissection of neural development in health
and disease at single cell resolution. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7902
chicago: Contreras, Ximena. “Genetic Dissection of Neural Development in Health
and Disease at Single Cell Resolution.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7902.
ieee: X. Contreras, “Genetic dissection of neural development in health and disease
at single cell resolution,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Contreras X. 2020. Genetic dissection of neural development in health and
disease at single cell resolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Contreras, Ximena. Genetic Dissection of Neural Development in Health and
Disease at Single Cell Resolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7902.
short: X. Contreras, Genetic Dissection of Neural Development in Health and Disease
at Single Cell Resolution, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-05-29T08:27:32Z
date_published: 2020-06-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-18T08:45:16Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: SiHi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7902
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 43c172bf006c95b65992d473c7240d13
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: xcontreras
date_created: 2020-06-05T08:18:08Z
date_updated: 2021-06-07T22:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '7927'
file_name: PhDThesis_Contreras.docx
file_size: 53134142
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: addfed9128271be05cae3608e03a6ec0
content_type: application/pdf
creator: xcontreras
date_created: 2020-06-05T08:18:07Z
date_updated: 2021-06-07T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2021-06-06
file_id: '7928'
file_name: PhDThesis_Contreras.pdf
file_size: 35117191
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-06-07T22:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '214'
project:
- _id: 260018B0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '725780'
name: Principles of Neural Stem Cell Lineage Progression in Cerebral Cortex Development
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6830'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '28'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '7815'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Hippenmeyer, Simon
id: 37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hippenmeyer
orcid: 0000-0003-2279-1061
title: Genetic dissection of neural development in health and disease at single cell
resolution
type: dissertation
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7186'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Tissue morphogenesis in developmental or physiological processes is regulated
by molecular\r\nand mechanical signals. While the molecular signaling cascades
are increasingly well\r\ndescribed, the mechanical signals affecting tissue shape
changes have only recently been\r\nstudied in greater detail. To gain more insight
into the mechanochemical and biophysical\r\nbasis of an epithelial spreading process
(epiboly) in early zebrafish development, we studied\r\ncell-cell junction formation
and actomyosin network dynamics at the boundary between\r\nsurface layer epithelial
cells (EVL) and the yolk syncytial layer (YSL). During zebrafish epiboly,\r\nthe
cell mass sitting on top of the yolk cell spreads to engulf the yolk cell by the
end of\r\ngastrulation. It has been previously shown that an actomyosin ring residing
within the YSL\r\npulls on the EVL tissue through a cable-constriction and a flow-friction
motor, thereby\r\ndragging the tissue vegetal wards. Pulling forces are likely
transmitted from the YSL\r\nactomyosin ring to EVL cells; however, the nature
and formation of the junctional structure\r\nmediating this process has not been
well described so far. Therefore, our main aim was to\r\ndetermine the nature,
dynamics and potential function of the EVL-YSL junction during this\r\nepithelial
tissue spreading. Specifically, we show that the EVL-YSL junction is a\r\nmechanosensitive
structure, predominantly made of tight junction (TJ) proteins. The process\r\nof
TJ mechanosensation depends on the retrograde flow of non-junctional, phase-separated\r\nZonula
Occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein clusters towards the EVL-YSL boundary. Interestingly,
we\r\ncould demonstrate that ZO-1 is present in a non-junctional pool on the surface
of the yolk\r\ncell, and ZO-1 undergoes a phase separation process that likely
renders the protein\r\nresponsive to flows. These flows are directed towards the
junction and mediate proper\r\ntension-dependent recruitment of ZO-1. Upon reaching
the EVL-YSL junction ZO-1 gets\r\nincorporated into the junctional pool mediated
through its direct actin-binding domain.\r\nWhen the non-junctional pool and/or
ZO-1 direct actin binding is absent, TJs fail in their\r\nproper mechanosensitive
responses resulting in slower tissue spreading. We could further\r\ndemonstrate
that depletion of ZO proteins within the YSL results in diminished actomyosin\r\nring
formation. This suggests that a mechanochemical feedback loop is at work during\r\nzebrafish
epiboly: ZO proteins help in proper actomyosin ring formation and actomyosin\r\ncontractility
and flows positively influence ZO-1 junctional recruitment. Finally, such a\r\nmesoscale
polarization process mediated through the flow of phase-separated protein\r\nclusters
might have implications for other processes such as immunological synapse\r\nformation,
C. elegans zygote polarization and wound healing."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: SSU
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Cornelia
full_name: Schwayer, Cornelia
id: 3436488C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schwayer
orcid: 0000-0001-5130-2226
citation:
ama: Schwayer C. Mechanosensation of tight junctions depends on ZO-1 phase separation
and flow. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7186
apa: Schwayer, C. (2019). Mechanosensation of tight junctions depends on ZO-1
phase separation and flow. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7186
chicago: Schwayer, Cornelia. “Mechanosensation of Tight Junctions Depends on ZO-1
Phase Separation and Flow.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7186.
ieee: C. Schwayer, “Mechanosensation of tight junctions depends on ZO-1 phase separation
and flow,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Schwayer C. 2019. Mechanosensation of tight junctions depends on ZO-1 phase
separation and flow. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Schwayer, Cornelia. Mechanosensation of Tight Junctions Depends on ZO-1
Phase Separation and Flow. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019,
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7186.
short: C. Schwayer, Mechanosensation of Tight Junctions Depends on ZO-1 Phase Separation
and Flow, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-12-16T14:26:14Z
date_published: 2019-12-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:56:42Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: CaHe
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7186
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 585583c1c875c5d9525703a539668a7c
content_type: application/zip
creator: cschwayer
date_created: 2019-12-19T15:18:11Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:52Z
file_id: '7194'
file_name: DocumentSourceFiles.zip
file_size: 19431292
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 9b9b24351514948d27cec659e632e2cd
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cschwayer
date_created: 2019-12-19T15:19:21Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:52Z
file_id: '7195'
file_name: Thesis_CS_final.pdf
file_size: 19226428
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:52Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '107'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1096'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '7001'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Heisenberg
orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
title: Mechanosensation of tight junctions depends on ZO-1 phase separation and flow
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6681'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The first part of the thesis considers the computational aspects of the homotopy
groups πd(X) of a topological space X. It is well known that there is no algorithm
to decide whether the fundamental group π1(X) of a given finite simplicial complex
X is trivial. On the other hand, there are several algorithms that, given a finite
simplicial complex X that is simply connected (i.e., with π1(X) trivial), compute
the higher homotopy group πd(X) for any given d ≥ 2.\r\nHowever, these algorithms
come with a caveat: They compute the isomorphism type of πd(X), d ≥ 2 as an abstract
finitely generated abelian group given by generators and relations, but they work
with very implicit representations of the elements of πd(X). We present an algorithm
that, given a simply connected space X, computes πd(X) and represents its elements
as simplicial maps from suitable triangulations of the d-sphere Sd to X. For fixed
d, the algorithm runs in time exponential in size(X), the number of simplices
of X. Moreover, we prove that this is optimal: For every fixed d ≥ 2,\r\nwe construct
a family of simply connected spaces X such that for any simplicial map representing
a generator of πd(X), the size of the triangulation of S d on which the map is
defined, is exponential in size(X).\r\nIn the second part of the thesis, we prove
that the following question is algorithmically undecidable for d < ⌊3(k+1)/2⌋,
k ≥ 5 and (k, d) ̸= (5, 7), which covers essentially everything outside the meta-stable
range: Given a finite simplicial complex K of dimension k, decide whether there
exists a piecewise-linear (i.e., linear on an arbitrarily fine subdivision of
K) embedding f : K ↪→ Rd of K into a d-dimensional Euclidean space."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Stephan Y
full_name: Zhechev, Stephan Y
id: 3AA52972-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zhechev
citation:
ama: Zhechev SY. Algorithmic aspects of homotopy theory and embeddability. 2019.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6681
apa: Zhechev, S. Y. (2019). Algorithmic aspects of homotopy theory and embeddability.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6681
chicago: Zhechev, Stephan Y. “Algorithmic Aspects of Homotopy Theory and Embeddability.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6681.
ieee: S. Y. Zhechev, “Algorithmic aspects of homotopy theory and embeddability,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Zhechev SY. 2019. Algorithmic aspects of homotopy theory and embeddability.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Zhechev, Stephan Y. Algorithmic Aspects of Homotopy Theory and Embeddability.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6681.
short: S.Y. Zhechev, Algorithmic Aspects of Homotopy Theory and Embeddability, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-07-26T11:14:34Z
date_published: 2019-08-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:10:36Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '514'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: UlWa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6681
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3231e7cbfca3b5687366f84f0a57a0c0
content_type: application/pdf
creator: szhechev
date_created: 2019-08-07T13:02:50Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z
file_id: '6771'
file_name: Stephan_Zhechev_thesis.pdf
file_size: 1464227
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 85d65eb27b4377a9e332ee37a70f08b6
content_type: application/octet-stream
creator: szhechev
date_created: 2019-08-07T13:03:22Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z
file_id: '6772'
file_name: Stephan_Zhechev_thesis.tex
file_size: 303988
relation: source_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 86b374d264ca2dd53e712728e253ee75
content_type: application/zip
creator: szhechev
date_created: 2019-08-07T13:03:34Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z
file_id: '6773'
file_name: supplementary_material.zip
file_size: 1087004
relation: supplementary_material
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '104'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6774'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Uli
full_name: Wagner, Uli
id: 36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wagner
orcid: 0000-0002-1494-0568
title: Algorithmic aspects of homotopy theory and embeddability
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6473'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Single cells are constantly interacting with their environment and each other,
more importantly, the accurate perception of environmental cues is crucial for
growth, survival, and reproduction. This communication between cells and their
environment can be formalized in mathematical terms and be quantified as the information
flow between them, as prescribed by information theory. \r\nThe recent availability
of real–time dynamical patterns of signaling molecules in single cells has allowed
us to identify encoding about the identity of the environment in the time–series.
However, efficient estimation of the information transmitted by these signals
has been a data–analysis challenge due to the high dimensionality of the trajectories
and the limited number of samples. In the first part of this thesis, we develop
and evaluate decoding–based estimation methods to lower bound the mutual information
and derive model–based precise information estimates for biological reaction networks
governed by the chemical master equation. This is followed by applying the decoding-based
methods to study the intracellular representation of extracellular changes in
budding yeast, by observing the transient dynamics of nuclear translocation of
10 transcription factors in response to 3 stress conditions. Additionally, we
apply these estimators to previously published data on ERK and Ca2+ signaling
and yeast stress response. We argue that this single cell decoding-based measure
of information provides an unbiased, quantitative and interpretable measure for
the fidelity of biological signaling processes. \r\nFinally, in the last section,
we deal with gene regulation which is primarily controlled by transcription factors
(TFs) that bind to the DNA to activate gene expression. The possibility that non-cognate
TFs activate transcription diminishes the accuracy of regulation with potentially
disastrous effects for the cell. This ’crosstalk’ acts as a previously unexplored
source of noise in biochemical networks and puts a strong constraint on their
performance. To mitigate erroneous initiation we propose an out of equilibrium
scheme that implements kinetic proofreading. We show that such architectures are
favored over their equilibrium counterparts for complex organisms despite introducing
noise in gene expression. "
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Sarah A
full_name: Cepeda Humerez, Sarah A
id: 3DEE19A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cepeda Humerez
citation:
ama: Cepeda Humerez SA. Estimating information flow in single cells. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6473
apa: Cepeda Humerez, S. A. (2019). Estimating information flow in single cells.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6473
chicago: Cepeda Humerez, Sarah A. “Estimating Information Flow in Single Cells.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6473.
ieee: S. A. Cepeda Humerez, “Estimating information flow in single cells,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Cepeda Humerez SA. 2019. Estimating information flow in single cells. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Cepeda Humerez, Sarah A. Estimating Information Flow in Single Cells.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6473.
short: S.A. Cepeda Humerez, Estimating Information Flow in Single Cells, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-05-21T00:11:23Z
date_published: 2019-05-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T15:13:26Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '004'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6473
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 75f9184c1346e10a5de5f9cc7338309a
content_type: application/zip
creator: scepeda
date_created: 2019-05-23T11:18:16Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:31Z
file_id: '6480'
file_name: Thesis_Cepeda.zip
file_size: 23937464
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: afdc0633ddbd71d5b13550d7fb4f4454
content_type: application/pdf
creator: scepeda
date_created: 2019-05-23T11:18:13Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:31Z
file_id: '6481'
file_name: CepedaThesis.pdf
file_size: 16646985
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:31Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Information estimation
- Time-series
- data analysis
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '135'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1576'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '6900'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '281'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '2016'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Gašper
full_name: Tkačik, Gašper
id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkačik
orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455
title: Estimating information flow in single cells
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6071'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Transcription factors, by binding to specific sequences on the DNA, control
the precise spatio-temporal expression of genes inside a cell. However, this specificity
is limited, leading to frequent incorrect binding of transcription factors that
might have deleterious consequences on the cell. By constructing a biophysical
model of TF-DNA binding in the context of gene regulation, I will first explore
how regulatory constraints can strongly shape the distribution of a population
in sequence space. Then, by directly linking this to a picture of multiple types
of transcription factors performing their functions simultaneously inside the
cell, I will explore the extent of regulatory crosstalk -- incorrect binding interactions
between transcription factors and binding sites that lead to erroneous regulatory
states -- and understand the constraints this places on the design of regulatory
systems. I will then develop a generic theoretical framework to investigate the
coevolution of multiple transcription factors and multiple binding sites, in the
context of a gene regulatory network that performs a certain function. As a particular
tractable version of this problem, I will consider the evolution of two transcription
factors when they transmit upstream signals to downstream target genes. Specifically,
I will describe the evolutionary steady states and the evolutionary pathways involved,
along with their timescales, of a system that initially undergoes a transcription
factor duplication event. To connect this important theoretical model to the prominent
biological event of transcription factor duplication giving rise to paralogous
families, I will then describe a bioinformatics analysis of C2H2 Zn-finger transcription
factors, a major family in humans, and focus on the patterns of evolution that
paralogs have undergone in their various protein domains in the recent past. '
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Roshan
full_name: Prizak, Roshan
id: 4456104E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Prizak
citation:
ama: Prizak R. Coevolution of transcription factors and their binding sites in sequence
space. 2019. doi:10.15479/at:ista:th6071
apa: Prizak, R. (2019). Coevolution of transcription factors and their binding
sites in sequence space. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:th6071
chicago: Prizak, Roshan. “Coevolution of Transcription Factors and Their Binding
Sites in Sequence Space.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:th6071.
ieee: R. Prizak, “Coevolution of transcription factors and their binding sites in
sequence space,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Prizak R. 2019. Coevolution of transcription factors and their binding sites
in sequence space. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Prizak, Roshan. Coevolution of Transcription Factors and Their Binding Sites
in Sequence Space. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/at:ista:th6071.
short: R. Prizak, Coevolution of Transcription Factors and Their Binding Sites in
Sequence Space, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-03-06T16:16:10Z
date_published: 2019-03-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T10:00:48Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '576'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GaTk
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:th6071
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e60a72de35d270b31f1a23d50f224ec0
content_type: application/pdf
creator: rprizak
date_created: 2019-03-06T16:05:07Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:18Z
file_id: '6072'
file_name: Thesis_final_PDFA_RoshanPrizak.pdf
file_size: 20995465
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 67c2630333d05ebafef5f018863a8465
content_type: application/zip
creator: rprizak
date_created: 2019-03-06T16:09:39Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:18Z
file_id: '6073'
file_name: thesis_v2_merge.zip
file_size: 85705272
relation: source_file
title: Latex files
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:18Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '189'
project:
- _id: 254E9036-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P28844-B27
name: Biophysics of information processing in gene regulation
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1358'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '955'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Gašper
full_name: Tkačik, Gašper
id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkačik
orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455
title: Coevolution of transcription factors and their binding sites in sequence space
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6179'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In the first part of this thesis we consider large random matrices with arbitrary
expectation and a general slowly decaying correlation among its entries. We prove
universality of the local eigenvalue statistics and optimal local laws for the
resolvent in the bulk and edge regime. The main novel tool is a systematic diagrammatic
control of a multivariate cumulant expansion.\r\nIn the second part we consider
Wigner-type matrices and show that at any cusp singularity of the limiting eigenvalue
distribution the local eigenvalue statistics are uni- versal and form a Pearcey
process. Since the density of states typically exhibits only square root or cubic
root cusp singularities, our work complements previous results on the bulk and
edge universality and it thus completes the resolution of the Wigner- Dyson-Mehta
universality conjecture for the last remaining universality type. Our analysis
holds not only for exact cusps, but approximate cusps as well, where an ex- tended
Pearcey process emerges. As a main technical ingredient we prove an optimal local
law at the cusp, and extend the fast relaxation to equilibrium of the Dyson Brow-
nian motion to the cusp regime.\r\nIn the third and final part we explore the
entrywise linear statistics of Wigner ma- trices and identify the fluctuations
for a large class of test functions with little regularity. This enables us to
study the rectangular Young diagram obtained from the interlacing eigenvalues
of the random matrix and its minor, and we find that, despite having the same
limit, the fluctuations differ from those of the algebraic Young tableaux equipped
with the Plancharel measure."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dominik J
full_name: Schröder, Dominik J
id: 408ED176-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schröder
orcid: 0000-0002-2904-1856
citation:
ama: 'Schröder DJ. From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal statistics in random matrix
theory. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th6179'
apa: 'Schröder, D. J. (2019). From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal statistics in
random matrix theory. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th6179'
chicago: 'Schröder, Dominik J. “From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal Statistics in Random
Matrix Theory.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th6179.'
ieee: 'D. J. Schröder, “From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal statistics in random matrix
theory,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.'
ista: 'Schröder DJ. 2019. From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal statistics in random
matrix theory. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Schröder, Dominik J. From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal Statistics in Random
Matrix Theory. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th6179.'
short: 'D.J. Schröder, From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal Statistics in Random Matrix
Theory, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.'
date_created: 2019-03-28T08:58:59Z
date_published: 2019-03-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-22T14:34:33Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '515'
- '519'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: LaEr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th6179
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 6926f66f28079a81c4937e3764be00fc
content_type: application/x-gzip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-03-28T08:53:52Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:21Z
file_id: '6180'
file_name: 2019_Schroeder_Thesis.tar.gz
file_size: 7104482
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 7d0ebb8d1207e89768cdd497a5bf80fb
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-03-28T08:53:52Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:21Z
file_id: '6181'
file_name: 2019_Schroeder_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 4228794
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:21Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '375'
project:
- _id: 258DCDE6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '338804'
name: Random matrices, universality and disordered quantum systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1144'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6186'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6185'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6182'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1012'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6184'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
title: 'From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal statistics in random matrix theory'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6392'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The regulation of gene expression is one of the most fundamental processes
in living systems. In recent years, thanks to advances in sequencing technology
and automation, it has become possible to study gene expression quantitatively,
genome-wide and in high-throughput. This leads to the possibility of exploring
changes in gene expression in the context of many external perturbations and their
combinations, and thus of characterising the basic principles governing gene regulation.
In this thesis, I present quantitative experimental approaches to studying transcriptional
and protein level changes in response to combinatorial drug treatment, as well
as a theoretical data-driven approach to analysing thermodynamic principles guiding
transcription of protein coding genes. \r\nIn the first part of this work, I
present a novel methodological framework for quantifying gene expression changes
in drug combinations, termed isogrowth profiling. External perturbations through
small molecule drugs influence the growth rate of the cell, leading to wide-ranging
changes in cellular physiology and gene expression. This confounds the gene expression
changes specifically elicited by the particular drug. Combinatorial perturbations,
owing to the increased stress they exert, influence the growth rate even more
strongly and hence suffer the convolution problem to a greater extent when measuring
gene expression changes. Isogrowth profiling is a way to experimentally abstract
non-specific, growth rate related changes, by performing the measurement using
varying ratios of two drugs at such concentrations that the overall inhibition
rate is constant. Using a robotic setup for automated high-throughput re-dilution
culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the budding yeast, I investigate all pairwise
interactions of four small molecule drugs through sequencing RNA along a growth
isobole. Through principal component analysis, I demonstrate here that isogrowth
profiling can uncover drug-specific as well as drug-interaction-specific gene
expression changes. I show that drug-interaction-specific gene expression changes
can be used for prediction of higher-order drug interactions. I propose a simplified
generalised framework of isogrowth profiling, with few measurements needed for
each drug pair, enabling the broad application of isogrowth profiling to high-throughput
screening of inhibitors of cellular growth and beyond. Such high-throughput screenings
of gene expression changes specific to pairwise drug interactions will be instrumental
for predicting the higher-order interactions of the drugs.\r\n\r\nIn the second
part of this work, I extend isogrowth profiling to single-cell measurements of
gene expression, characterising population heterogeneity in the budding yeast
in response to combinatorial drug perturbation while controlling for non-specific
growth rate effects. Through flow cytometry of strains with protein products fused
to green fluorescent protein, I discover multiple proteins with bi-modally distributed
expression levels in the population in response to drug treatment. I characterize
more closely the effect of an ionic stressor, lithium chloride, and find that
it inhibits the splicing of mRNA, most strongly affecting ribosomal protein transcripts
and leading to a bi-stable behaviour of a small ribosomal subunit protein Rps22B.
Time-lapse microscopy of a microfluidic culture system revealed that the induced
Rps22B heterogeneity leads to preferential survival of Rps22B-low cells after
long starvation, but to preferential proliferation of Rps22B-high cells after
short starvation. Overall, this suggests that yeast cells might use splicing of
ribosomal genes for bet-hedging in fluctuating environments. I give specific examples
of how further exploration of cellular heterogeneity in yeast in response to external
perturbation has the potential to reveal yet-undiscovered gene regulation circuitry.\r\n\r\nIn
the last part of this thesis, a re-analysis of a published sequencing dataset
of nascent elongating transcripts is used to characterise the thermodynamic constraints
for RNA polymerase II (RNAP) elongation. Population-level data on RNAP position
throughout the transcribed genome with single nucleotide resolution are used to
infer the sequence specific thermodynamic determinants of RNAP pausing and backtracking.
This analysis reveals that the basepairing strength of the eight nucleotide-long
RNA:DNA duplex relative to the basepairing strength of the same sequence when
in DNA:DNA duplex, and the change in this quantity during RNA polymerase movement,
is the key determinant of RNAP pausing. This is true for RNAP pausing while elongating,
but also of RNAP pausing while backtracking and of the backtracking length. The
quantitative dependence of RNAP pausing on basepairing energetics is used to infer
the increase in pausing due to transcriptional mismatches, leading to a hypothesis
that pervasive RNA polymerase II pausing is due to basepairing energetics, as
an evolutionary cost for increased RNA polymerase II fidelity.\r\n\r\nThis work
advances our understanding of the general principles governing gene expression,
with the goal of making computational predictions of single-cell gene expression
responses to combinatorial perturbations based on the individual perturbations
possible. This ability would substantially facilitate the design of drug combination
treatments and, in the long term, lead to our increased ability to more generally
design targeted manipulations to any biological system. "
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: Bio
alternative_title:
- IST Austria Thesis
author:
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Lukacisin, Martin
id: 298FFE8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lukacisin
orcid: 0000-0001-6549-4177
citation:
ama: Lukacisin M. Quantitative investigation of gene expression principles through
combinatorial drug perturbation and theory. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6392
apa: Lukacisin, M. (2019). Quantitative investigation of gene expression principles
through combinatorial drug perturbation and theory. IST Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6392
chicago: Lukacisin, Martin. “Quantitative Investigation of Gene Expression Principles
through Combinatorial Drug Perturbation and Theory.” IST Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6392.
ieee: M. Lukacisin, “Quantitative investigation of gene expression principles through
combinatorial drug perturbation and theory,” IST Austria, 2019.
ista: Lukacisin M. 2019. Quantitative investigation of gene expression principles
through combinatorial drug perturbation and theory. IST Austria.
mla: Lukacisin, Martin. Quantitative Investigation of Gene Expression Principles
through Combinatorial Drug Perturbation and Theory. IST Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6392.
short: M. Lukacisin, Quantitative Investigation of Gene Expression Principles through
Combinatorial Drug Perturbation and Theory, IST Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-05-09T19:53:00Z
date_published: 2019-05-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:19:41Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: ToBo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6392
extern: '1'
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 829bda074444857c7935171237bb7c0c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: mlukacisin
date_created: 2019-05-10T13:51:49Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:29Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6409'
file_name: Thesis_Draft_v3.4Final.docx
file_size: 43740796
relation: hidden
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 56cb5e97f5f8fc41692401b53832d8e0
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mlukacisin
date_created: 2019-05-10T14:13:42Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:16Z
embargo: 2020-04-17
file_id: '6410'
file_name: Thesis_Draft_v3.4FinalA.pdf
file_size: 35228388
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:16Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '103'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-001-5
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: IST Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1029'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Mark Tobias
full_name: Bollenbach, Mark Tobias
id: 3E6DB97A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bollenbach
orcid: 0000-0003-4398-476X
title: Quantitative investigation of gene expression principles through combinatorial
drug perturbation and theory
type: dissertation
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6435'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Social insect colonies tend to have numerous members which function together
like a single organism in such harmony that the term ``super-organism'' is often
used. In this analogy the reproductive caste is analogous to the primordial germ\r\ncells
of a metazoan, while the sterile worker caste corresponds to somatic cells. The
worker castes, like tissues, are\r\nin charge of all functions of a living being,
besides reproduction. The establishment of new super-organismal units\r\n(i.e.
new colonies) is accomplished by the co-dependent castes. The term oftentimes
goes beyond a metaphor. We invoke it when we speak about the metabolic rate, thermoregulation,
nutrient regulation and gas exchange of a social insect colony. Furthermore, we
assert that the super-organism has an immune system, and benefits from ``social
immunity''.\r\n\r\nSocial immunity was first summoned by evolutionary biologists
to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the expected high frequency of disease
outbreak amongst numerous, closely related tightly-interacting hosts, living in
stable and microbially-rich environments, against the exceptionally scarce epidemic
accounts in natural populations. Social\r\nimmunity comprises a multi-layer assembly
of behaviours which have evolved to effectively keep the pathogenic enemies of
a colony at bay. The field of social immunity has drawn interest, as it becomes
increasingly urgent to stop\r\nthe collapse of pollinator species and curb the
growth of invasive pests. In the past decade, several mechanisms of\r\nsocial
immune responses have been dissected, but many more questions remain open.\r\n\r\nI
present my work in two experimental chapters. In the first, I use invasive garden
ants (*Lasius neglectus*) to study how pathogen load and its distribution among
nestmates affect the grooming response of the group. Any given group of ants will
carry out the same total grooming work, but will direct their grooming effort
towards individuals\r\ncarrying a relatively higher spore load. Contrary to expectation,
the highest risk of transmission does not stem from grooming highly contaminated
ants, but instead, we suggest that the grooming response likely minimizes spore
loss to the environment, reducing contamination from inadvertent pickup from the
substrate.\r\n\r\nThe second is a comparative developmental approach. I follow
black garden ant queens (*Lasius niger*) and their colonies from mating flight,
through hibernation for a year. Colonies which grow fast from the start, have
a lower chance of survival through hibernation, and those which survive grow at
a lower pace later. This is true for colonies of naive\r\nand challenged queens.
Early pathogen exposure of the queens changes colony dynamics in an unexpected
way: colonies from exposed queens are more likely to grow slowly and recover in
numbers only after they survive hibernation.\r\n\r\nIn addition to the two experimental
chapters, this thesis includes a co-authored published review on organisational\r\nimmunity,
where we enlist the experimental evidence and theoretical framework on which this
hypothesis is built,\r\nidentify the caveats and underline how the field is ripe
to overcome them. In a final chapter, I describe my part in\r\ntwo collaborative
efforts, one to develop an image-based tracker, and the second to develop a classifier
for ant\r\nbehaviour."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Barbara E
full_name: Casillas Perez, Barbara E
id: 351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Casillas Perez
citation:
ama: Casillas Perez BE. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen.
2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435
apa: Casillas Perez, B. E. (2019). Collective defenses of garden ants against
a fungal pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435
chicago: Casillas Perez, Barbara E. “Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against
a Fungal Pathogen.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435.
ieee: B. E. Casillas Perez, “Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal
pathogen,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Casillas Perez BE. 2019. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal
pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Casillas Perez, Barbara E. Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a
Fungal Pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435.
short: B.E. Casillas Perez, Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal
Pathogen, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-05-13T08:58:35Z
date_published: 2019-05-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:57:04Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '570'
- '006'
- '578'
- '592'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: SyCr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6daf2d2086111aa8fd3fbc919a3e2833
content_type: application/pdf
creator: casillas
date_created: 2019-05-13T09:16:20Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
embargo: 2020-05-08
file_id: '6438'
file_name: tesisDoctoradoBC.pdf
file_size: 3895187
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 3d221aaff7559a7060230a1ff610594f
content_type: application/zip
creator: casillas
date_created: 2019-05-13T09:16:20Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:30Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6439'
file_name: tesisDoctoradoBC.zip
file_size: 7365118
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Social Immunity
- Sanitary care
- Social Insects
- Organisational Immunity
- Colony development
- Multi-target tracking
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '183'
project:
- _id: 2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '771402'
name: Epidemics in ant societies on a chip
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1999'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Sylvia M
full_name: Cremer, Sylvia M
id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cremer
orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868
title: Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6269'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis (CME) is an aspect of cellular trafficking
that is constantly regulated for mediating developmental and physiological responses.
The main aim of my thesis is to decipher the basic mechanisms of CME and post-endocytic
trafficking in the whole multicellular organ systems of Arabidopsis. The first
chapter of my thesis describes the search for new components involved in CME.
Tandem affinity purification was conducted using CLC and its interacting partners
were identified. Amongst the identified proteins were the Auxilin-likes1 and 2
(Axl1/2), putative uncoating factors, for which we made a full functional analysis.
Over-expression of Axl1/2 causes extreme modifications in the dynamics of the
machinery proteins and inhibition of endocytosis altogether. However the loss
of function of the axl1/2 did not present any cellular or physiological phenotype,
meaning Auxilin-likes do not form the major uncoating machinery. The second chapter
of my thesis describes the establishment/utilisation of techniques to capture
the dynamicity and the complexity of CME and post-endocytic trafficking. We have
studied the development of endocytic pits at the PM – specifically, the mode of
membrane remodeling during pit development and the role of actin in it, given
plant cells possess high turgor pressure. Utilizing the improved z-resolution
of TIRF and VAEM techniques, we captured the time-lapse of the endocytic events
at the plasma membrane; and using particle detection software, we quantitatively
analysed all the endocytic trajectories in an unbiased way to obtain the endocytic
rate of the system. This together with the direct analysis of cargo internalisation
from the PM provided an estimate on the endocytic potential of the cell. We also
developed a methodology for ultrastructural analysis of different populations
of Clathrin-Coated Structures (CCSs) in both PM and endomembranes in unroofed
protoplasts. Structural analysis, together with the intensity profile of CCSs
at the PM show that the mode of CCP development at the PM follows ‘Constant curvature
model’; meaning that clathrin polymerisation energy is a major contributing factor
of membrane remodeling. In addition, other analyses clearly show that actin is
not required for membrane remodeling during invagination or any other step of
CCP development, despite the prevalent high turgor pressure. However, actin is
essential in orchestrating the post-endocytic trafficking of CCVs facilitating
the EE formation. We also observed that the uncoating process post-endocytosis
is not immediate; an alternative mechanism of uncoating – Sequential multi-step
process – functions in the cell. Finally we also looked at one of the important
physiological stimuli modulating the process – hormone, auxin. auxin has been
known to influence CME before. We have made a detailed study on the concentration-time
based effect of auxin on the machinery proteins, CCP development, and the specificity
of cargoes endocytosed. To this end, we saw no general effect of auxin on CME
at earlier time points. However, very low concentration of IAA, such as 50nM,
accelerates endocytosis of specifically PIN2 through CME. Such a tight regulatory
control with high specificity to PIN2 could be essential in modulating its polarity. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: EM-Fac
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Madhumitha
full_name: Narasimhan, Madhumitha
id: 44BF24D0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Narasimhan
orcid: 0000-0002-8600-0671
citation:
ama: Narasimhan M. Clathrin-Mediated endocytosis, post-endocytic trafficking and
their regulatory controls in plants . 2019. doi:10.15479/at:ista:th1075
apa: Narasimhan, M. (2019). Clathrin-Mediated endocytosis, post-endocytic trafficking
and their regulatory controls in plants . Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:th1075
chicago: Narasimhan, Madhumitha. “Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis, Post-Endocytic
Trafficking and Their Regulatory Controls in Plants .” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:th1075.
ieee: M. Narasimhan, “Clathrin-Mediated endocytosis, post-endocytic trafficking
and their regulatory controls in plants ,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2019.
ista: Narasimhan M. 2019. Clathrin-Mediated endocytosis, post-endocytic trafficking
and their regulatory controls in plants . Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Narasimhan, Madhumitha. Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis, Post-Endocytic Trafficking
and Their Regulatory Controls in Plants . Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/at:ista:th1075.
short: M. Narasimhan, Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis, Post-Endocytic Trafficking
and Their Regulatory Controls in Plants , Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:37:06Z
date_published: 2019-02-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-08T11:43:03Z
day: '04'
ddc:
- '575'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:th1075
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c958f27dd752712886e7e2638b847a3c
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6270'
file_name: Supplementary_movie_1.avi
file_size: 5402078
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8786fdc29c62987c0aad3c866a4d3691
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6271'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_10.avi
file_size: 5927736
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 25f784c5159d6f4d966b2f9b371ebaf6
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6272'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_9.avi
file_size: 9570210
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 917069272a7a08d1f38224d5e12765d6
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6273'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_8.avi
file_size: 2827360
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 81e74f5ca0ad70050504f18192236dc0
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6274'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_7.avi
file_size: 5771410
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 47eb37b27a2930252713924307ea8c6f
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6275'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_6.avi
file_size: 1113486
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f68f66721041ce84e331959c9a5779c3
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:18Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6276'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_5.avi
file_size: 1057232
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 67c01cefab51b363c5e214fe4cd671f3
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:23Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6277'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_3.avi
file_size: 127472916
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e5a397edbee05b8821e2b19b3c1a9260
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:19Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6278'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_4.avi
file_size: 3181238
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 32d92b2a9277f956fdb0b42351d07c0b
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:19Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6279'
file_name: 3.7_supplementary_movie_2.avi
file_size: 5970952
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: efe7001f5d9a8c61e631e12d5f324ade
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:21Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6280'
file_name: 3.7_Supplementary_movie_1.avi
file_size: 39835236
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: eeb0a5603c6449c5f34eacd5ff0b3a16
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:21Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6281'
file_name: 2.5_Suppl_Movie_4_AP2A1_TagRFP.avi
file_size: 3696740
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8e7c00ef6223bf0e177deb168338af13
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:21Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6282'
file_name: 2.5_Suppl_Movie_3_TPLATE_GFP.avi
file_size: 6741232
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3636006a7cb709a7543d6581e359b28d
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:22Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6283'
file_name: 2.5_Suppl_Movie_2_CLC_GFP.avi
file_size: 2445946
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 39ca5519a6e9a38356e7b3704004fea7
content_type: video/x-msvideo
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:22Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6284'
file_name: 2.5_Suppl_Movie_1_CLC_GFPxAxl1_mcherry.avi
file_size: 58594
relation: main_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 4fcdaa3a6c645514a3b3205f0f69dc76
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:33Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
embargo: 2020-02-11
file_id: '6285'
file_name: 2019_Thesis_Narasimhan.pdf
file_size: 10553937
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 268f0b6bad21d5f0d671e5d4b88104a7
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T14:35:36Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:26Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6286'
file_name: 2019_Thesis_Narasimhan_source.docx
file_size: 135291990
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '138'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '412'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
title: 'Clathrin-Mediated endocytosis, post-endocytic trafficking and their regulatory
controls in plants '
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6947'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Lymph nodes are es s ential organs of the immune s ys tem where adaptive
immune responses originate, and consist of various leukocyte populations and a
stromal backbone. Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are the main stromal cells
and form a sponge-like extracellular matrix network, called conduits , which they thems
elves enwrap and contract. Lymph, containing s oluble antigens , arrive
in lymph nodes via afferent lymphatic vessels that connect to the s ubcaps
ular s inus and conduit network. According to the current paradigm, the conduit network dis
tributes afferent lymph through lymph nodes and thus provides acces
s for immune cells to lymph-borne antigens. An elas tic caps ule s urrounds the organ and confines the
immune cells and FRC network. Lymph nodes are completely packed with lymphocytes and lymphocyte numbers directly dictates the
size of the organ. Although lymphocytes cons tantly enter and leave the lymph node, its s
ize remains remarkedly s table under homeostatic conditions. It is only
partly known how the cellularity and s ize of the lymph node is regulated and how the lymph node is
able to swell in inflammation. The role of the FRC network in lymph node s
welling and trans fer of fluids are inves tigated in this thes is. Furthermore, we s
tudied what trafficking routes are us ed by cancer cells in lymph nodes to form distal
metastases.We examined the role of a mechanical feedback in regulation of lymph node
swelling. Using parallel plate compression and UV-las er cutting experiments we dis
s ected the mechanical force dynamics of the whole lymph node, and individually
for FRCs and the caps ule. Physical forces generated by packed lymphocytes directly affect the tens
ion on the FRC network and capsule, which increases its resistance to swelling. This implies a feedback mechanism between tis
s ue pres s ure and ability of lymphocytes to enter the organ. Following inflammation, the lymph node swells
∼10 fold in two weeks . Yet, what is the role for tens ion on the FRC network and caps
ule, and how are lymphocytes able to enter in conditions that resist
swelling remain open ques tions . We s how that tens ion on the FRC network is important
to limit the swelling rate of the organ so that the FRC network can grow in a coordinated fashion.
This is illustrated by interfering with FRC contractility, which leads to faster
swelling rates and a dis organized FRC network in the inflamed lymph node.
Growth of the FRC network in turn is expected to releas e tens ion on thes
e s tructures and lowers the res is tance to swelling, thereby allowing
more lymphocytes to enter the organ and drive more swelling. Halt of swelling
coincides with a thickening of the caps ule, which forms a thick res
is tant band around the organ and lowers tens ion on the FRC network to form
a new force equilibrium.The FRC and conduit network are further believed to be a privileged s
ite of s oluble information within the lymph node, although many details remain uns
olved. We s how by 3D ultra-recons truction that FRCs and antigen pres
enting cells cover the s urface of conduit s ys tem for more than 99%
and we dis cus s the implications for s oluble information exchangeat the conduit
level.Finally, there is an ongoing debate in the cancer field whether and how
cancer cells in lymph nodes s eed dis tal metas tas es . We s how that cancer cells infus
ed into the lymph node can utilize trafficking routes of immune cells and rapidly migrate to blood vessels.
Once in the blood circulation, these cells are able to form metastases in
distal tissues.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: PreCl
- _id: EM-Fac
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Frank P
full_name: Assen, Frank P
id: 3A8E7F24-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Assen
orcid: 0000-0003-3470-6119
citation:
ama: 'Assen FP. Lymph node mechanics: Deciphering the interplay between stroma contractility,
morphology and lymphocyte trafficking. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6947'
apa: 'Assen, F. P. (2019). Lymph node mechanics: Deciphering the interplay between
stroma contractility, morphology and lymphocyte trafficking. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6947'
chicago: 'Assen, Frank P. “Lymph Node Mechanics: Deciphering the Interplay between
Stroma Contractility, Morphology and Lymphocyte Trafficking.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6947.'
ieee: 'F. P. Assen, “Lymph node mechanics: Deciphering the interplay between stroma
contractility, morphology and lymphocyte trafficking,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2019.'
ista: 'Assen FP. 2019. Lymph node mechanics: Deciphering the interplay between stroma
contractility, morphology and lymphocyte trafficking. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Assen, Frank P. Lymph Node Mechanics: Deciphering the Interplay between
Stroma Contractility, Morphology and Lymphocyte Trafficking. Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6947.'
short: 'F.P. Assen, Lymph Node Mechanics: Deciphering the Interplay between Stroma
Contractility, Morphology and Lymphocyte Trafficking, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2019.'
date_created: 2019-10-14T16:54:52Z
date_published: 2019-10-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-13T08:50:57Z
day: '9'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6947
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 53a739752a500f84d0f8ec953cbbd0b6
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: fassen
date_created: 2019-11-06T12:30:02Z
date_updated: 2020-11-07T23:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6990'
file_name: PhDthesis_FrankAssen_revised2.docx
file_size: 214172667
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8c156b65d9347bb599623a4b09f15d15
content_type: application/pdf
creator: fassen
date_created: 2019-11-06T12:30:57Z
date_updated: 2020-11-07T23:30:03Z
embargo: 2020-11-06
file_id: '6991'
file_name: PhDthesis_FrankAssen_revised2.pdf
file_size: 83637532
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-11-07T23:30:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '142'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '664'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '402'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Michael K
full_name: Sixt, Michael K
id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sixt
orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
title: 'Lymph node mechanics: Deciphering the interplay between stroma contractility,
morphology and lymphocyte trafficking'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6849'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Brain function is mediated by complex dynamical interactions between excitatory
and inhibitory cell types. The Cholecystokinin-expressing inhibitory cells (CCK-interneurons)
are one of the least studied types, despite being suspected to play important
roles in cognitive processes. We studied the network effects of optogenetic silencing
of CCK-interneurons in the CA1 hippocampal area during exploration and sleep states.
The cell firing pattern in response to light pulses allowed us to classify the
recorded neurons in 5 classes, including disinhibited and non-responsive pyramidal
cell and interneurons, and the inhibited interneurons corresponding to the CCK
group. The light application, which inhibited the activity of CCK interneurons
triggered wider changes in the firing dynamics of cells. We observed rate changes
(i.e. remapping) of pyramidal cells during the exploration session in which the
light was applied relative to the previous control session that was not restricted
neither in time nor space to the light delivery. Also, the disinhibited pyramidal
cells had higher increase in bursting than in single spike firing rate as a result
of CCK silencing. In addition, the firing activity patterns during exploratory
periods were more weakly reactivated in sleep for those periods in which CCK-interneuron
were silenced than in the unaffected periods. Furthermore, light pulses during
sleep disrupted the reactivation of recent waking patterns. Hence, silencing CCK
neurons during exploration suppressed the reactivation of waking firing patterns
in sleep and CCK interneuron activity was also required during sleep for the normal
reactivation of waking patterns. These findings demonstrate the involvement of
CCK cells in reactivation-related memory consolidation. An important part of our
analysis was to test the relationship of the identified CCKinterneurons to brain
oscillations. Our findings showed that these cells exhibited different oscillatory
behaviour during anaesthesia and natural waking and sleep conditions. We showed
that: 1) Contrary to the past studies performed under anaesthesia, the identified
CCKinterneurons fired on the descending portion of the theta phase in waking exploration.
2) CCKinterneuron preferred phases around the trough of gamma oscillations. 3)
Contrary to anaesthesia conditions, the average firing rate of the CCK-interneurons
increased around the peak activity of the sharp-wave ripple (SWR) events in natural
sleep, which is congruent with new reports about their functional connectivity.
We also found that light driven CCK-interneuron silencing altered the dynamics
on the CA1 network oscillatory activity: 1) Pyramidal cells negatively shifted
their preferred theta phases when the light was applied, while interneurons responses
were less consistent. 2) As a population, pyramidal cells negatively shifted their
preferred activity during gamma oscillations, albeit we did not find gamma modulation
differences related to the light application when pyramidal cells were subdivided
into the disinhibited and unaffected groups. 3) During the peak of SWR events,
all but the CCK-interneurons had a reduction in their relative firing rate change
during the light application as compared to the change observed at SWR initiation.
Finally, regarding to the place field activity of the recorded pyramidal neurons,
we showed that the disinhibited pyramidal cells had reduced place field similarity,
coherence and spatial information, but only during the light application. The
mechanisms behind such observed behaviours might involve eCB signalling and plastic
changes in CCK-interneuron synapses. In conclusion, the observed changes related
to the light-mediated silencing of CCKinterneurons have unravelled characteristics
of this interneuron subpopulation that might change the understanding not only
of their particular network interactions, but also of the current theories about
the emergence of certain cognitive processes such as place coding needed for navigation
or hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: PreCl
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dámaris K
full_name: Rangel Guerrero, Dámaris K
id: 4871BCE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Rangel Guerrero
orcid: 0000-0002-8602-4374
citation:
ama: Rangel Guerrero DK. The role of CCK-interneurons in regulating hippocampal
network dynamics. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6849
apa: Rangel Guerrero, D. K. (2019). The role of CCK-interneurons in regulating
hippocampal network dynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6849
chicago: Rangel Guerrero, Dámaris K. “The Role of CCK-Interneurons in Regulating
Hippocampal Network Dynamics.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6849.
ieee: D. K. Rangel Guerrero, “The role of CCK-interneurons in regulating hippocampal
network dynamics,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Rangel Guerrero DK. 2019. The role of CCK-interneurons in regulating hippocampal
network dynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Rangel Guerrero, Dámaris K. The Role of CCK-Interneurons in Regulating Hippocampal
Network Dynamics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6849.
short: D.K. Rangel Guerrero, The Role of CCK-Interneurons in Regulating Hippocampal
Network Dynamics, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-09-06T06:54:16Z
date_published: 2019-09-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T10:01:12Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: JoCs
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6849
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 244dc4f74dbfc94f414156092298831f
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: drangel
date_created: 2019-09-09T13:09:45Z
date_updated: 2021-02-10T23:30:09Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6865'
file_name: Thesis_Damaris_Rangel_source.docx
file_size: 18253100
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 59c73be40eeaa1c4db24067270151555
content_type: application/pdf
creator: drangel
date_created: 2019-09-09T13:09:52Z
date_updated: 2020-09-11T22:30:04Z
embargo: 2020-09-10
file_id: '6866'
file_name: Thesis_Damaris_Rangel_pdfa.pdf
file_size: 2160109
relation: main_file
request_a_copy: 0
file_date_updated: 2021-02-10T23:30:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '97'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9783990780039'
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '5914'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jozsef L
full_name: Csicsvari, Jozsef L
id: 3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Csicsvari
orcid: 0000-0002-5193-4036
title: The role of CCK-interneurons in regulating hippocampal network dynamics
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '7132'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "A major challenge in neuroscience research is to dissect the circuits that
orchestrate behavior in health and disease. Proteins from a wide range of non-mammalian
species, such as microbial opsins, have been successfully transplanted to specific
neuronal targets to override their natural communication patterns. The goal of
our work is to manipulate synaptic communication in a manner that closely incorporates
the functional intricacies of synapses by preserving temporal encoding (i.e. the
firing pattern of the presynaptic neuron) and connectivity (i.e. target specific
synapses rather than specific neurons). Our strategy to achieve this goal builds
on the use of non-mammalian transplants to create a synthetic synapse. The mode
of modulation comes from pre-synaptic uptake of a synthetic neurotransmitter (SN)
into synaptic vesicles by means of a genetically targeted transporter selective
for the SN. Upon natural vesicular release, exposure of the SN to the synaptic
cleft will modify the post-synaptic potential through an orthogonal ligand gated
ion channel. To achieve this goal we have functionally characterized a mixed cationic
methionine-gated ion channel from Arabidopsis thaliana, designed a method to functionally
characterize a synthetic transporter in isolated synaptic vesicles without the
need for transgenic animals, identified and extracted multiple prokaryotic uptake
systems that are substrate specific for methionine (Met), and established a primary/cell
line co-culture system that would allow future combinatorial testing of this orthogonal
transmitter-transporter-channel trifecta.\r\nSynthetic synapses will provide a
unique opportunity to manipulate synaptic communication while maintaining the
electrophysiological integrity of the pre-synaptic cell. In this way, information
may be preserved that was generated in upstream circuits and that could be essential
for concerted function and information processing."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Catherine
full_name: Mckenzie, Catherine
id: 3EEDE19A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Mckenzie
citation:
ama: Mckenzie C. Design and characterization of methods and biological components
to realize synthetic neurotransmission. 2019. doi:10.15479/at:ista:7132
apa: Mckenzie, C. (2019). Design and characterization of methods and biological
components to realize synthetic neurotransmission. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132
chicago: Mckenzie, Catherine. “Design and Characterization of Methods and Biological
Components to Realize Synthetic Neurotransmission.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132.
ieee: C. Mckenzie, “Design and characterization of methods and biological components
to realize synthetic neurotransmission,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2019.
ista: Mckenzie C. 2019. Design and characterization of methods and biological components
to realize synthetic neurotransmission. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Mckenzie, Catherine. Design and Characterization of Methods and Biological
Components to Realize Synthetic Neurotransmission. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/at:ista:7132.
short: C. Mckenzie, Design and Characterization of Methods and Biological Components
to Realize Synthetic Neurotransmission, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2019.
date_created: 2019-11-27T09:07:14Z
date_published: 2019-06-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-28T23:30:21Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '571'
- '573'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HaJa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:7132
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 34d0fe0f6e0af97b5937205a3e350423
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-11-27T09:06:10Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:50Z
file_id: '7133'
file_name: McKenzie PhD Thesis August 2018 - Corrected Final.docx
file_size: 5054633
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 140dfb5e3df7edca34f4b6fcc55d876f
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-11-27T09:06:10Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:50Z
file_id: '7134'
file_name: McKenzie PhD Thesis August 2018 - Corrected Final.pdf
file_size: 3231837
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:50Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '95'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6266'
relation: old_edition
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Harald L
full_name: Janovjak, Harald L
id: 33BA6C30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janovjak
orcid: 0000-0002-8023-9315
title: Design and characterization of methods and biological components to realize
synthetic neurotransmission
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6825'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The solving of complex tasks requires the functions of more than one brain
area and their interaction. Whilst spatial navigation and memory is dependent
on the hippocampus, flexible behavior relies on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).
To further examine the roles of the hippocampus and mPFC, we recorded their neural
activity during a task that depends on both of these brain regions.\r\nWith tetrodes,
we recorded the extracellular activity of dorsal hippocampal CA1 (HPC) and mPFC
neurons in Long-Evans rats performing a rule-switching task on the plus-maze.
The plus-maze task had a spatial component since it required navigation along
one of the two start arms and at the maze center a choice between one of the two
goal arms. Which goal contained a reward depended on the rule currently in place.
After an uncued rule change the animal had to abandon the old strategy and switch
to the new rule, testing cognitive flexibility. Investigating the coordination
of activity between the HPC and mPFC allows determination during which task stages
their interaction is required. Additionally, comparing neural activity patterns
in these two brain regions allows delineation of the specialized functions of
the HPC and mPFC in this task. We analyzed neural activity in the HPC and mPFC
in terms of oscillatory interactions, rule coding and replay.\r\nWe found that
theta coherence between the HPC and mPFC is increased at the center and goals
of the maze, both when the rule was stable or has changed. Similar results were
found for locking of HPC and mPFC neurons to HPC theta oscillations. However,
no differences in HPC-mPFC theta coordination were observed between the spatially-
and cue-guided rule. Phase locking of HPC and mPFC neurons to HPC gamma oscillations
was not modulated by\r\nmaze position or rule type. We found that the HPC coded
for the two different rules with cofiring relationships between\r\ncell pairs.
However, we could not find conclusive evidence for rule coding in the mPFC. Spatially-selective
firing in the mPFC generalized between the two start and two goal arms. With Bayesian
positional decoding, we found that the mPFC reactivated non-local positions during
awake immobility periods. Replay of these non-local positions could represent
entire behavioral trajectories resembling trajectory replay of the HPC. Furthermore,
mPFC\r\ntrajectory-replay at the goal positively correlated with rule-switching
performance. \r\nFinally, HPC and mPFC trajectory replay occurred independently
of each other. These results show that the mPFC can replay ordered patterns of
activity during awake immobility, possibly underlying its role in flexible behavior. "
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Karola
full_name: Käfer, Karola
id: 2DAA49AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Käfer
citation:
ama: Käfer K. The hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex during flexible behavior.
2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6825
apa: Käfer, K. (2019). The hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex during flexible
behavior. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6825
chicago: Käfer, Karola. “The Hippocampus and Medial Prefrontal Cortex during Flexible
Behavior.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6825.
ieee: K. Käfer, “The hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex during flexible behavior,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Käfer K. 2019. The hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex during flexible
behavior. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Käfer, Karola. The Hippocampus and Medial Prefrontal Cortex during Flexible
Behavior. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6825.
short: K. Käfer, The Hippocampus and Medial Prefrontal Cortex during Flexible Behavior,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-08-21T15:00:57Z
date_published: 2019-08-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:01:42Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: JoCs
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6825
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 2664420e332a33338568f4f3bfc59287
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kkaefer
date_created: 2019-09-03T08:07:13Z
date_updated: 2020-09-06T22:30:03Z
embargo: 2020-09-05
file_id: '6846'
file_name: Thesis_Kaefer_PDFA.pdf
file_size: 3205202
relation: main_file
request_a_copy: 0
- access_level: closed
checksum: 9a154eab6f07aa590a3d2651dc0d926a
content_type: application/zip
creator: kkaefer
date_created: 2019-09-03T08:07:17Z
date_updated: 2020-09-15T22:30:05Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6847'
file_name: Thesis_Kaefer.zip
file_size: 2506835
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-15T22:30:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '89'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '5949'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Jozsef L
full_name: Csicsvari, Jozsef L
id: 3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Csicsvari
orcid: 0000-0002-5193-4036
title: The hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex during flexible behavior
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6546'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Invasive migration plays a crucial role not only during development and homeostasis
but also in pathological states, such as tumor metastasis. Drosophila macrophage
migration into the extended germband is an interesting system to study invasive
migration. It carries similarities to immune cell transmigration and cancer cell
invasion, therefore studying this process could also bring new understanding of
invasion in higher organisms. In our work, we uncover a highly conserved member
of the major facilitator family that plays a role in tissue invasion through regulation
of glycosylation on a subgroup of proteins and/or by aiding the precise timing
of DN-Cadherin downregulation. \r\n\r\nAberrant display of the truncated core1
O-glycan T-antigen is a common feature of human cancer cells that correlates with
metastasis. Here we show that T-antigen in Drosophila melanogaster macrophages
is involved in their developmentally programmed tissue invasion. Higher macrophage
T-antigen levels require an atypical major facilitator superfamily (MFS) member
that we named Minerva which enables macrophage dissemination and invasion. We
characterize for the first time the T and Tn glycoform O-glycoproteome of the
Drosophila melanogaster embryo, and determine that Minerva increases the presence
of T-antigen on proteins in pathways previously linked to cancer, most strongly
on the sulfhydryl oxidase Qsox1 which we show is required for macrophage tissue
entry. Minerva’s vertebrate ortholog, MFSD1, rescues the minerva mutant’s migration
and T-antigen glycosylation defects. We thus identify \r\na key conserved regulator
that orchestrates O-glycosylation on a protein subset to activate \r\na program
governing migration steps important for both development and cancer metastasis.
\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Katarina
full_name: Valosková, Katarina
id: 46F146FC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Valosková
citation:
ama: Valosková K. The role of a highly conserved major facilitator superfamily member
in Drosophila embryonic macrophage migration. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6546
apa: Valosková, K. (2019). The role of a highly conserved major facilitator superfamily
member in Drosophila embryonic macrophage migration. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6546
chicago: Valosková, Katarina. “The Role of a Highly Conserved Major Facilitator
Superfamily Member in Drosophila Embryonic Macrophage Migration.” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6546.
ieee: K. Valosková, “The role of a highly conserved major facilitator superfamily
member in Drosophila embryonic macrophage migration,” Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Valosková K. 2019. The role of a highly conserved major facilitator superfamily
member in Drosophila embryonic macrophage migration. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria.
mla: Valosková, Katarina. The Role of a Highly Conserved Major Facilitator Superfamily
Member in Drosophila Embryonic Macrophage Migration. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6546.
short: K. Valosková, The Role of a Highly Conserved Major Facilitator Superfamily
Member in Drosophila Embryonic Macrophage Migration, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-06-07T12:49:19Z
date_published: 2019-06-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T10:15:54Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: DaSi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6546
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 68949c2d96210b45b981a23e9c9cd93c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: khribikova
date_created: 2019-06-07T13:00:04Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:33Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6549'
file_name: Katarina Valoskova_PhD thesis_final version.docx
file_size: 14110626
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 555329cd76e196c96f5278c480ee2e6e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: khribikova
date_created: 2019-06-07T13:00:08Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:14Z
embargo: 2020-06-07
file_id: '6550'
file_name: Katarina Valoskova_PhD thesis_final version.pdf
file_size: 10054156
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:14Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '141'
project:
- _id: 253CDE40-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '24283'
name: Examination of the role of a MFS transporter in the migration of Drosophila
immune cells
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '6187'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '544'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Daria E
full_name: Siekhaus, Daria E
id: 3D224B9E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Siekhaus
orcid: 0000-0001-8323-8353
title: The role of a highly conserved major facilitator superfamily member in Drosophila
embryonic macrophage migration
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6363'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Distinguishing between similar experiences is achieved by the brain
\ in a process called pattern separation. In the hippocampus, pattern
\ separation reduces the interference of memories and increases the storage
capacity by decorrelating similar inputs patterns of neuronal activity into
\ non-overlapping output firing patterns. Winners-take-all (WTA) mechanism
\ is a theoretical model for pattern separation in which a \"winner\"
\ cell suppresses the activity of the neighboring neurons through feedback
inhibition. However, if the network properties of the dentate gyrus support WTA
as a biologically conceivable model remains unknown. Here, we showed that the
connectivity rules of PV+interneurons and their synaptic properties are optimizedfor
efficient pattern separation. We found using multiple whole-cell in vitrorecordings
that PV+interneurons mainly connect to granule cells (GC) through lateral inhibition,
a form of feedback inhibition in which a GC inhibits other GCs but not
\ itself through the activation of PV+interneurons. Thus, lateral inhibition
between GC–PV+interneurons was ~10 times more abundant than recurrent connections.
Furthermore, the GC–PV+interneuron connectivity was more spatially confined
\ but less abundant than PV+interneurons–GC connectivity, leading to an
\ asymmetrical distribution of excitatory and inhibitory connectivity. Our
network model of the dentate gyrus with incorporated real connectivity rules efficiently
decorrelates neuronal activity patterns using WTA as the primary mechanism.
\ This process relied on lateral inhibition, fast-signaling properties of
\ PV+interneurons and the asymmetrical distribution of excitatory and inhibitory
connectivity. Finally, we found that silencing the activity of PV+interneurons
in vivoleads to acute deficits in discrimination between similar environments,
suggesting that PV+interneuron networks are necessary for behavioral relevant
computations. Our results demonstrate that PV+interneurons possess unique
connectivity and fast signaling properties that confer to the dentate
\ gyrus network properties that allow the emergence of pattern separation. Thus,
our results contribute to the knowledge of how specific forms of network organization
underlie sophisticated types of information processing. \r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: 'Claudia '
full_name: 'Espinoza Martinez, Claudia '
id: 31FFEE2E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Espinoza Martinez
orcid: 0000-0003-4710-2082
citation:
ama: Espinoza Martinez C. Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation
in hippocampal microcircuits. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363
apa: Espinoza Martinez, C. (2019). Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient
pattern separation in hippocampal microcircuits. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363
chicago: Espinoza Martinez, Claudia . “Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient
Pattern Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363.
ieee: C. Espinoza Martinez, “Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern
separation in hippocampal microcircuits,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2019.
ista: Espinoza Martinez C. 2019. Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern
separation in hippocampal microcircuits. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Espinoza Martinez, Claudia. Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient Pattern
Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363.
short: C. Espinoza Martinez, Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient Pattern
Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2019.
date_created: 2019-04-30T11:56:10Z
date_published: 2019-04-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-15T12:03:48Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 77c6c05cfe8b58c8abcf1b854375d084
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cespinoza
date_created: 2019-05-07T16:00:39Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
embargo: 2020-05-09
file_id: '6389'
file_name: Espinozathesis_all2.pdf
file_size: 13966891
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: f6aa819f127691a2b0fc21c76eb09746
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: cespinoza
date_created: 2019-05-07T16:00:48Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:28Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6390'
file_name: Espinoza_Thesis.docx
file_size: 11159900
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '140'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-000-8
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '21'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
title: Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation in hippocampal
microcircuits
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6371'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Decades of studies have revealed the mechanisms of gene regulation in molecular
detail. We make use of such well-described regulatory systems to explore how the
molecular mechanisms of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions shape the
dynamics and evolution of gene regulation. \r\n\r\ni) We uncover how the biophysics
of protein-DNA binding determines the potential of regulatory networks to evolve
and adapt, which can be captured using a simple mathematical model. \r\nii) The
evolution of regulatory connections can lead to a significant amount of crosstalk
between binding proteins. We explore the effect of crosstalk on gene expression
from a target promoter, which seems to be modulated through binding competition
at non-specific DNA sites. \r\niii) We investigate how the very same biophysical
characteristics as in i) can generate significant fitness costs for cells through
global crosstalk, meaning non-specific DNA binding across the genomic background.
\r\niv) Binding competition between proteins at a target promoter is a prevailing
regulatory feature due to the prevalence of co-regulation at bacterial promoters.
However, the dynamics of these systems are not always straightforward to determine
even if the molecular mechanisms of regulation are known. A detailed model of
the biophysical interactions reveals that interference between the regulatory
proteins can constitute a new, generic form of system memory that records the
history of the input signals at the promoter. \r\n\r\nWe demonstrate how the biophysics
of protein-DNA binding can be harnessed to investigate the principles that shape
and ultimately limit cellular gene regulation. These results provide a basis for
studies of higher-level functionality, which arises from the underlying regulation.
\ \r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Claudia
full_name: Igler, Claudia
id: 46613666-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Igler
citation:
ama: Igler C. On the nature of gene regulatory design - The biophysics of transcription
factor binding shapes gene regulation. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6371
apa: Igler, C. (2019). On the nature of gene regulatory design - The biophysics
of transcription factor binding shapes gene regulation. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6371
chicago: Igler, Claudia. “On the Nature of Gene Regulatory Design - The Biophysics
of Transcription Factor Binding Shapes Gene Regulation.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6371.
ieee: C. Igler, “On the nature of gene regulatory design - The biophysics of transcription
factor binding shapes gene regulation,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2019.
ista: Igler C. 2019. On the nature of gene regulatory design - The biophysics of
transcription factor binding shapes gene regulation. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria.
mla: Igler, Claudia. On the Nature of Gene Regulatory Design - The Biophysics
of Transcription Factor Binding Shapes Gene Regulation. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6371.
short: C. Igler, On the Nature of Gene Regulatory Design - The Biophysics of Transcription
Factor Binding Shapes Gene Regulation, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2019.
date_created: 2019-05-03T11:55:51Z
date_published: 2019-05-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-21T13:45:52Z
day: '03'
ddc:
- '576'
- '579'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: CaGu
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6371
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c0085d47c58c9cbcab1b0a783480f6da
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cigler
date_created: 2019-05-03T11:54:52Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:13Z
embargo: 2020-05-02
file_id: '6373'
file_name: IglerClaudia_OntheNatureofGeneRegulatoryDesign.pdf
file_size: 12597663
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 2eac954de1c8bbf7e6fb35ed0221ae8c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: cigler
date_created: 2019-05-03T11:54:54Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:28Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6374'
file_name: IglerClaudia_OntheNatureofGeneRegulatoryDesign.docx
file_size: 34644426
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:13Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- gene regulation
- biophysics
- transcription factor binding
- bacteria
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '152'
project:
- _id: 251EE76E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: '24573'
name: Design principles underlying genetic switch architecture (DOC Fellowship)
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '67'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '5585'
relation: popular_science
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Calin C
full_name: Guet, Calin C
id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Guet
orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052
title: On the nature of gene regulatory design - The biophysics of transcription factor
binding shapes gene regulation
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '49'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Nowadays, quantum computation is receiving more and more attention as an alternative
to the classical way of computing. For realizing a quantum computer, different
devices are investigated as potential quantum bits. In this thesis, the focus
is on Ge hut wires, which turned out to be promising candidates for implementing
hole spin quantum bits. The advantages of Ge as a material system are the low
hyperfine interaction for holes and the strong spin orbit coupling, as well as
the compatibility with the highly developed CMOS processes in industry. In addition,
Ge can also be isotopically purified which is expected to boost the spin coherence
times. The strong spin orbit interaction for holes in Ge on the one hand enables
the full electrical control of the quantum bit and on the other hand should allow
short spin manipulation times. Starting with a bare Si wafer, this work covers
the entire process reaching from growth over the fabrication and characterization
of hut wire devices up to the demonstration of hole spin resonance. From experiments
with single quantum dots, a large g-factor anisotropy between the in-plane and
the out-of-plane direction was found. A comparison to a theoretical model unveiled
the heavy-hole character of the lowest energy states. The second part of the thesis
addresses double quantum dot devices, which were realized by adding two gate electrodes
to a hut wire. In such devices, Pauli spin blockade was observed, which can serve
as a read-out mechanism for spin quantum bits. Applying oscillating electric fields
in spin blockade allowed the demonstration of continuous spin rotations and the
extraction of a lower bound for the spin dephasing time. Despite the strong spin
orbit coupling in Ge, the obtained value for the dephasing time is comparable
to what has been recently reported for holes in Si. All in all, the presented
results point out the high potential of Ge hut wires as a platform for long-lived,
fast and fully electrically tunable hole spin quantum bits.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hannes
full_name: Watzinger, Hannes
id: 35DF8E50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Watzinger
citation:
ama: Watzinger H. Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033
apa: Watzinger, H. (2018). Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033
chicago: Watzinger, Hannes. “Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033.
ieee: H. Watzinger, “Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Watzinger H. 2018. Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Watzinger, Hannes. Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033.
short: H. Watzinger, Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:21Z
date_published: 2018-07-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:27:43Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '530'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b653b5216251f938ddbeafd1de88667c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:13:28Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
file_id: '6249'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Watzinger.pdf
file_size: 85539748
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 39bcf8de7ac5b1bb516b11ce2f966785
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:13:27Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
file_id: '6250'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Watzinger_source.zip
file_size: 21830697
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '77'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '8005'
pubrep_id: '1033'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '201'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We describe arrangements of three-dimensional spheres from a geometrical
and topological point of view. Real data (fitting this setup) often consist of
soft spheres which show certain degree of deformation while strongly packing against
each other. In this context, we answer the following questions: If we model a
soft packing of spheres by hard spheres that are allowed to overlap, can we measure
the volume in the overlapped areas? Can we be more specific about the overlap
volume, i.e. quantify how much volume is there covered exactly twice, three times,
or k times? What would be a good optimization criteria that rule the arrangement
of soft spheres while making a good use of the available space? Fixing a particular
criterion, what would be the optimal sphere configuration? The first result of
this thesis are short formulas for the computation of volumes covered by at least
k of the balls. The formulas exploit information contained in the order-k Voronoi
diagrams and its closely related Level-k complex. The used complexes lead to a
natural generalization into poset diagrams, a theoretical formalism that contains
the order-k and degree-k diagrams as special cases. In parallel, we define different
criteria to determine what could be considered an optimal arrangement from a geometrical
point of view. Fixing a criterion, we find optimal soft packing configurations
in 2D and 3D where the ball centers lie on a lattice. As a last step, we use tools
from computational topology on real physical data, to show the potentials of higher-order
diagrams in the description of melting crystals. The results of the experiments
leaves us with an open window to apply the theories developed in this thesis in
real applications.'
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Mabel
full_name: Iglesias Ham, Mabel
id: 41B58C0C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Iglesias Ham
citation:
ama: Iglesias Ham M. Multiple covers with balls. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026
apa: Iglesias Ham, M. (2018). Multiple covers with balls. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026
chicago: Iglesias Ham, Mabel. “Multiple Covers with Balls.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026.
ieee: M. Iglesias Ham, “Multiple covers with balls,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
ista: Iglesias Ham M. 2018. Multiple covers with balls. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria.
mla: Iglesias Ham, Mabel. Multiple Covers with Balls. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026.
short: M. Iglesias Ham, Multiple Covers with Balls, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:10Z
date_published: 2018-06-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:25:32Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '514'
- '516'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HeEd
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: dd699303623e96d1478a6ae07210dd05
content_type: application/zip
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-02-05T07:43:31Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:24Z
file_id: '5918'
file_name: IST-2018-1025-v2+5_ist-thesis-iglesias-11June2018(1).zip
file_size: 11827713
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: ba163849a190d2b41d66fef0e4983294
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-02-05T07:43:45Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:24Z
file_id: '5919'
file_name: IST-2018-1025-v2+4_ThesisIglesiasFinal11June2018.pdf
file_size: 4783846
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:24Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '171'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7712'
pubrep_id: '1026'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Herbert
full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert
id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Edelsbrunner
orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833
title: Multiple covers with balls
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '68'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The most common assumption made in statistical learning theory is the assumption
of the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) data. While being very
convenient mathematically, it is often very clearly violated in practice. This
disparity between the machine learning theory and applications underlies a growing
demand in the development of algorithms that learn from dependent data and theory
that can provide generalization guarantees similar to the independent situations.
This thesis is dedicated to two variants of dependencies that can arise in practice.
One is a dependence on the level of samples in a single learning task. Another
dependency type arises in the multi-task setting when the tasks are dependent
on each other even though the data for them can be i.i.d. In both cases we model
the data (samples or tasks) as stochastic processes and introduce new algorithms
for both settings that take into account and exploit the resulting dependencies.
We prove the theoretical guarantees on the performance of the introduced algorithms
under different evaluation criteria and, in addition, we compliment the theoretical
study by the empirical one, where we evaluate some of the algorithms on two real
world datasets to highlight their practical applicability.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Zimin, Alexander
id: 37099E9C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zimin
citation:
ama: Zimin A. Learning from dependent data. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048
apa: Zimin, A. (2018). Learning from dependent data. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048
chicago: Zimin, Alexander. “Learning from Dependent Data.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048.
ieee: A. Zimin, “Learning from dependent data,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
ista: Zimin A. 2018. Learning from dependent data. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Zimin, Alexander. Learning from Dependent Data. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048.
short: A. Zimin, Learning from Dependent Data, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:27Z
date_published: 2018-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:29:07Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '004'
- '519'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: ChLa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e849dd40a915e4d6c5572b51b517f098
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:32:47Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
file_id: '6253'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Zimin.pdf
file_size: 1036137
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: da092153cec55c97461bd53c45c5d139
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:32:47Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
file_id: '6254'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Zimin_Source.zip
file_size: 637490
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '92'
project:
- _id: 2532554C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '308036'
name: Lifelong Learning of Visual Scene Understanding
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7986'
pubrep_id: '1048'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Learning from dependent data
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '83'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "A proof system is a protocol between a prover and a verifier over a common
input in which an honest prover convinces the verifier of the validity of true
statements. Motivated by the success of decentralized cryptocurrencies, exemplified
by Bitcoin, the focus of this thesis will be on proof systems which found applications
in some sustainable alternatives to Bitcoin, such as the Spacemint and Chia cryptocurrencies.
In particular, we focus on proofs of space and proofs of sequential work.\r\nProofs
of space (PoSpace) were suggested as more ecological, economical, and egalitarian
alternative to the energy-wasteful proof-of-work mining of Bitcoin. However, the
state-of-the-art constructions of PoSpace are based on sophisticated graph pebbling
lower bounds, and are therefore complex. Moreover, when these PoSpace are used
in cryptocurrencies like Spacemint, miners can only start mining after ensuring
that a commitment to their space is already added in a special transaction to
the blockchain. Proofs of sequential work (PoSW) are proof systems in which a
prover, upon receiving a statement x and a time parameter T, computes a proof
which convinces the verifier that T time units had passed since x was received.
Whereas Spacemint assumes synchrony to retain some interesting Bitcoin dynamics,
Chia requires PoSW with unique proofs, i.e., PoSW in which it is hard to come
up with more than one accepting proof for any true statement. In this thesis we
construct simple and practically-efficient PoSpace and PoSW. When using our PoSpace
in cryptocurrencies, miners can start mining on the fly, like in Bitcoin, and
unlike current constructions of PoSW, which either achieve efficient verification
of sequential work, or faster-than-recomputing verification of correctness of
proofs, but not both at the same time, ours achieve the best of these two worlds."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hamza M
full_name: Abusalah, Hamza M
id: 40297222-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Abusalah
citation:
ama: Abusalah HM. Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies.
2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046
apa: Abusalah, H. M. (2018). Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046
chicago: Abusalah, Hamza M. “Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046.
ieee: H. M. Abusalah, “Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Abusalah HM. 2018. Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Abusalah, Hamza M. Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046.
short: H.M. Abusalah, Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:32Z
date_published: 2018-09-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:30:23Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '004'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: KrPi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c4b5f7d111755d1396787f41886fc674
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T06:43:41Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:11Z
file_id: '6245'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Abusalah.pdf
file_size: 876241
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 0f382ac56b471c48fd907d63eb87dafe
content_type: application/x-gzip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T06:43:41Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:11Z
file_id: '6246'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Abusalah_source.tar.gz
file_size: 2029190
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:11Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '59'
project:
- _id: 258C570E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '259668'
name: Provable Security for Physical Cryptography
- _id: 258AA5B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '682815'
name: Teaching Old Crypto New Tricks
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7971'
pubrep_id: '1046'
related_material:
record:
- id: '1229'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1235'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1236'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '559'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krzysztof Z
full_name: Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z
id: 3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pietrzak
orcid: 0000-0002-9139-1654
title: Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '197'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Modern computer vision systems heavily rely on statistical machine learning
models, which typically require large amounts of labeled data to be learned reliably.
Moreover, very recently computer vision research widely adopted techniques for
representation learning, which further increase the demand for labeled data. However,
for many important practical problems there is relatively small amount of labeled
data available, so it is problematic to leverage full potential of the representation
learning methods. One way to overcome this obstacle is to invest substantial resources
into producing large labelled datasets. Unfortunately, this can be prohibitively
expensive in practice. In this thesis we focus on the alternative way of tackling
the aforementioned issue. We concentrate on methods, which make use of weakly-labeled
or even unlabeled data. Specifically, the first half of the thesis is dedicated
to the semantic image segmentation task. We develop a technique, which achieves
competitive segmentation performance and only requires annotations in a form of
global image-level labels instead of dense segmentation masks. Subsequently, we
present a new methodology, which further improves segmentation performance by
leveraging tiny additional feedback from a human annotator. By using our methods
practitioners can greatly reduce the amount of data annotation effort, which is
required to learn modern image segmentation models. In the second half of the
thesis we focus on methods for learning from unlabeled visual data. We study a
family of autoregressive models for modeling structure of natural images and discuss
potential applications of these models. Moreover, we conduct in-depth study of
one of these applications, where we develop the state-of-the-art model for the
probabilistic image colorization task.
acknowledgement: I also gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with
the donation of the GPUs used for this research.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Kolesnikov, Alexander
id: 2D157DB6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kolesnikov
citation:
ama: Kolesnikov A. Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural
Images. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021
apa: Kolesnikov, A. (2018). Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling
of Natural Images. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021
chicago: Kolesnikov, Alexander. “Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised
Modeling of Natural Images.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021.
ieee: A. Kolesnikov, “Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of
Natural Images,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Kolesnikov A. 2018. Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling
of Natural Images. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Kolesnikov, Alexander. Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling
of Natural Images. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021.
short: A. Kolesnikov, Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of
Natural Images, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:09Z
date_published: 2018-05-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:51:46Z
day: '25'
ddc:
- '004'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: ChLa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: bc678e02468d8ebc39dc7267dfb0a1c4
content_type: application/pdf
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T10:14:57Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:22Z
file_id: '5113'
file_name: IST-2018-1021-v1+1_thesis-unsigned-pdfa.pdf
file_size: 12918758
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: bc66973b086da5a043f1162dcfb1fde4
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:34:49Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:22Z
file_id: '6225'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Kolesnikov_source.zip
file_size: 55973760
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:22Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '113'
project:
- _id: 2532554C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '308036'
name: Lifelong Learning of Visual Scene Understanding
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7718'
pubrep_id: '1021'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '200'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: This thesis is concerned with the inference of current population structure
based on geo-referenced genetic data. The underlying idea is that population structure
affects its spatial genetic structure. Therefore, genotype information can be
utilized to estimate important demographic parameters such as migration rates.
These indirect estimates of population structure have become very attractive,
as genotype data is now widely available. However, there also has been much concern
about these approaches. Importantly, genetic structure can be influenced by many
complex patterns, which often cannot be disentangled. Moreover, many methods merely
fit heuristic patterns of genetic structure, and do not build upon population
genetics theory. Here, I describe two novel inference methods that address these
shortcomings. In Chapter 2, I introduce an inference scheme based on a new type
of signal, identity by descent (IBD) blocks. Recently, it has become feasible
to detect such long blocks of genome shared between pairs of samples. These blocks
are direct traces of recent coalescence events. As such, they contain ample signal
for inferring recent demography. I examine sharing of IBD blocks in two-dimensional
populations with local migration. Using a diffusion approximation, I derive formulas
for an isolation by distance pattern of long IBD blocks and show that sharing
of long IBD blocks approaches rapid exponential decay for growing sample distance.
I describe an inference scheme based on these results. It can robustly estimate
the dispersal rate and population density, which is demonstrated on simulated
data. I also show an application to estimate mean migration and the rate of recent
population growth within Eastern Europe. Chapter 3 is about a novel method to
estimate barriers to gene flow in a two dimensional population. This inference
scheme utilizes geographically localized allele frequency fluctuations - a classical
isolation by distance signal. The strength of these local fluctuations increases
on average next to a barrier, and there is less correlation across it. I again
use a framework of diffusion of ancestral lineages to model this effect, and provide
an efficient numerical implementation to fit the results to geo-referenced biallelic
SNP data. This inference scheme is able to robustly estimate strong barriers to
gene flow, as tests on simulated data confirm.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Harald
full_name: Ringbauer, Harald
id: 417FCFF4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ringbauer
orcid: 0000-0002-4884-9682
citation:
ama: Ringbauer H. Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure. 2018.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963
apa: Ringbauer, H. (2018). Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963
chicago: Ringbauer, Harald. “Inferring Recent Demography from Spatial Genetic Structure.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963.
ieee: H. Ringbauer, “Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Ringbauer H. 2018. Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Ringbauer, Harald. Inferring Recent Demography from Spatial Genetic Structure.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963.
short: H. Ringbauer, Inferring Recent Demography from Spatial Genetic Structure,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:10Z
date_published: 2018-02-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-20T12:00:56Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '576'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8cc534d2b528ae017acf80874cce48c9
content_type: application/pdf
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T10:14:55Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:23Z
file_id: '5111'
file_name: IST-2018-963-v1+1_thesis.pdf
file_size: 5792935
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 6af18d7e5a7e2728ceda2f41ee24f628
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:30:12Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:23Z
file_id: '6224'
file_name: 2018_thesis_ringbauer_source.zip
file_size: 113365
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:23Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '146'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7713'
pubrep_id: '963'
related_material:
record:
- id: '563'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1074'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
title: Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '418'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The aim of this thesis was the development of new strategies for optical
and optogenetic control of proliferative and pro-survival signaling, and characterizing
them from the molecular mechanism up to cellular effects. These new light-based
methods have unique features, such as red light as an activator, or the avoidance
of gene delivery, which enable to overcome current limitations, such as light
delivery to target tissues and feasibility as therapeutic approach. A special
focus was placed on implementing these new light-based approaches in pancreatic
β-cells, as β-cells are the key players in diabetes and especially their loss
in number negatively affects disease progression. Currently no treatment options
are available to compensate the lack of functional β-cells in diabetic patients.\r\nIn
a first approach, red-light-activated growth factor receptors, in particular receptor
tyrosine kinases were engineered and characterized. Receptor activation with light
allows spatio-temporal control compared to ligand-based activation, and especially
red light exhibits deeper tissue penetration than other wavelengths of the visible
spectrum. Red-light-activated receptor tyrosine kinases robustly activated major
growth factor related signaling pathways with a high temporal resolution. Moreover,
the remote activation of the proliferative MAPK/Erk pathway by red-light-activated
receptor tyrosine kinases in a pancreatic β-cell line was also achieved, through
one centimeter thick mouse tissue. Although red-light-activated receptor tyrosine
kinases are particularly attractive for applications in animal models due to the
deep tissue penetration of red light, a drawback, especially with regard to translation
into humans, is the requirement of gene therapy.\r\nIn a second approach an endogenous
light-sensitive mechanism was identified and its potential to promote proliferative
and pro-survival signals was explored, towards light-based tissue regeneration
without the need for gene transfer. Blue-green light illumination was found to
be sufficient for the activation of proliferation and survival promoting signaling
pathways in primary pancreatic murine and human islets. Blue-green light also
led to an increase in proliferation of primary islet cells, an effect which was
shown to be mostly β-cell specific in human islets. Moreover, it was demonstrated
that this approach of pancreatic β-cell expansion did not have any negative effect
on the β-cell function, in particular on their insulin secretion capacity. In
contrast, a trend for enhanced insulin secretion under high glucose conditions
after illumination was detected. In order to unravel the detailed characteristics
of this endogenous light-sensitive mechanism, the precise light requirements were
determined. In addition, the expression of light sensing proteins, OPN3 and rhodopsin,
was detected. The observed effects were found to be independent of handling effects
such as temperature differences and cytochrome c oxidase dependent ATP increase,
but they were found to be enhanced through the knockout of OPN3. The exact mechanism
of how islets cells sense light and the identity of the photoreceptor remains
unknown.\r\nSummarized two new light-based systems with unique features were established
that enable the activation of proliferative and pro-survival signaling pathways.
While red-light-activated receptor tyrosine kinases open a new avenue for optogenetics
research, by allowing non-invasive control of signaling in vivo, the identified
endogenous light-sensitive mechanism has the potential to be the basis of a gene
therapy-free therapeutical approach for light-based β-cell expansion."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Gschaider-Reichhart, Eva
id: 3FEE232A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Gschaider-Reichhart
orcid: 0000-0002-7218-7738
citation:
ama: Gschaider-Reichhart E. Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation and
survival . 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913
apa: Gschaider-Reichhart, E. (2018). Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation
and survival . Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913
chicago: Gschaider-Reichhart, Eva. “Optical and Optogenetic Control of Proliferation
and Survival .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913.
ieee: E. Gschaider-Reichhart, “Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation
and survival ,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Gschaider-Reichhart E. 2018. Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation
and survival . Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Gschaider-Reichhart, Eva. Optical and Optogenetic Control of Proliferation
and Survival . Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913.
short: E. Gschaider-Reichhart, Optical and Optogenetic Control of Proliferation
and Survival , Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:22Z
date_published: 2018-01-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:20:10Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '571'
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HaJa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 697fa72ca36fb1b8ceabc133d58a73e5
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:28:03Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:24Z
file_id: '6222'
file_name: 2018_THESIS_Gschaider-Reichhart_source.docx
file_size: 7012495
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 58d7d1e9e58aeb7f061ab686b1d8a48c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:28:03Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:24Z
file_id: '6223'
file_name: 2018_THESIS_Gschaider-Reichhart.pdf
file_size: 6355280
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:24Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '107'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7405'
pubrep_id: '913'
related_material:
record:
- id: '1441'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1678'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '2084'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1028'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Harald L
full_name: Janovjak, Harald L
id: 33BA6C30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janovjak
orcid: 0000-0002-8023-9315
title: 'Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation and survival '
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '52'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this thesis we will discuss systems of point interacting fermions, their
stability and other spectral properties. Whereas for bosons a point interacting
system is always unstable this ques- tion is more subtle for a gas of two species
of fermions. In particular the answer depends on the mass ratio between these
two species. Most of this work will be focused on the N + M model which consists
of two species of fermions with N, M particles respectively which interact via
point interactions. We will introduce this model using a formal limit and discuss
the N + 1 system in more detail. In particular, we will show that for mass ratios
above a critical one, which does not depend on the particle number, the N + 1
system is stable. In the context of this model we will prove rigorous versions
of Tan relations which relate various quantities of the point-interacting model.
By restricting the N + 1 system to a box we define a finite density model with
point in- teractions. In the context of this system we will discuss the energy
change when introducing a point-interacting impurity into a system of non-interacting
fermions. We will see that this change in energy is bounded independently of the
particle number and in particular the bound only depends on the density and the
scattering length. As another special case of the N + M model we will show stability
of the 2 + 2 model for mass ratios in an interval around one. Further we will
investigate a different model of point interactions which was discussed before
in the literature and which is, contrary to the N + M model, not given by a limiting
procedure but is based on a Dirichlet form. We will show that this system behaves
trivially in the thermodynamic limit, i.e. the free energy per particle is the
same as the one of the non-interacting system.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Moser, Thomas
id: 2B5FC9A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Moser
citation:
ama: Moser T. Point interactions in systems of fermions. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043
apa: Moser, T. (2018). Point interactions in systems of fermions. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043
chicago: Moser, Thomas. “Point Interactions in Systems of Fermions.” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043.
ieee: T. Moser, “Point interactions in systems of fermions,” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Moser T. 2018. Point interactions in systems of fermions. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria.
mla: Moser, Thomas. Point Interactions in Systems of Fermions. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043.
short: T. Moser, Point Interactions in Systems of Fermions, Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:22Z
date_published: 2018-09-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-27T12:34:14Z
day: '04'
ddc:
- '515'
- '530'
- '519'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: RoSe
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: fbd8c747d148b468a21213b7cf175225
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:45:38Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:37Z
file_id: '6256'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Moser.pdf
file_size: 851164
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: c28e16ecfc1126d3ce324ec96493c01e
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:45:38Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:37Z
file_id: '6257'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Moser_Source.zip
file_size: 1531516
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '115'
project:
- _id: 25C878CE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P27533_N27
name: Structure of the Excitation Spectrum for Many-Body Quantum Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '8002'
pubrep_id: '1043'
related_material:
record:
- id: '5856'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '154'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1198'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '741'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Seiringer, Robert
id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Seiringer
orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
title: Point interactions in systems of fermions
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '69'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'A qubit, a unit of quantum information, is essentially any quantum mechanical
two-level system which can be coherently controlled. Still, to be used for computation,
it has to fulfill criteria. Qubits, regardless of the system in which they are
realized, suffer from decoherence. This leads to loss of the information stored
in the qubit. The upper bound of the time scale on which decoherence happens is
set by the spin relaxation time. In this thesis I studied a two-level system consisting
of a Zeeman-split hole spin confined in a quantum dot formed in a Ge hut wire.
Such Ge hut wires have emerged as a promising material system for the realization
of spin qubits, due to the combination of two significant properties: long spin
coherence time as expected for group IV semiconductors due to the low hyperfine
interaction and a strong valence band spin-orbit coupling. Here, I present how
to fabricate quantum dot devices suitable for electrical transport measurements.
Coupled quantum dot devices allowed the realization of a charge sensor, which
is electrostatically and tunnel coupled to a quantum dot. By integrating the charge
sensor into a radio-frequency reflectometry setup, I performed for the first time
single-shot readout measurements of hole spins and extracted the hole spin relaxation
times in Ge hut wires.'
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lada
full_name: Vukušić, Lada
id: 31E9F056-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vukušić
orcid: 0000-0003-2424-8636
citation:
ama: Vukušić L. Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires.
2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047
apa: Vukušić, L. (2018). Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in
Ge hut wires. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047
chicago: Vukušić, Lada. “Charge Sensing and Spin Relaxation Times of Holes in Ge
Hut Wires.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047.
ieee: L. Vukušić, “Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Vukušić L. 2018. Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut
wires. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Vukušić, Lada. Charge Sensing and Spin Relaxation Times of Holes in Ge Hut
Wires. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047.
short: L. Vukušić, Charge Sensing and Spin Relaxation Times of Holes in Ge Hut Wires,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:28Z
date_published: 2018-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T15:50:22Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
- '600'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c570b656e30749cd65b1c7e13a9ce0a8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:00:40Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:44Z
file_id: '6247'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Vukusic.pdf
file_size: 28452385
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 7856771d9cd401fe0b311191076db6e1
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:00:40Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:44Z
file_id: '6248'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Vukusic_source.zip
file_size: 53058704
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:44Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '103'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7985'
pubrep_id: '1047'
related_material:
record:
- id: '23'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '840'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '324'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Neuronal networks in the brain consist of two main types of neuron, glutamatergic
principal neurons and GABAergic interneurons. Although these interneurons only
represent 10–20% of the whole population, they mediate feedback and feedforward
inhibition and are involved in the generation of high-frequency network oscillations.
A hallmark functional property of GABAergic interneurons, especially of the parvalbumin‑expressing
(PV+) subtypes, is the speed of signaling at their output synapse across species
and brain regions. Several molecular and subcellular factors may underlie the
submillisecond signaling at GABAergic synapses. Such as the selective use of P/Q
type Ca2+ channels and the tight coupling between Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ sensors
of exocytosis. However, whether the molecular identity of the release sensor contributes
to these signaling properties remains unclear. Besides, these interneurons are
mainly show depression in response to train of stimuli. How could they keep sufficient
release to control the activity of postsynaptic principal neurons during high
network activity, is largely elusive. For my Ph.D. work, we firstly examined the
Ca2+ sensor of exocytosis at the GABAergic basket cell (BC) to Purkinje cell (PC)
synapse in the cerebellum. Immunolabeling suggested that BC terminals selectively
expressed synaptotagmin 2 (Syt2), whereas synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) was enriched
in excitatory terminals. Genetic elimination of Syt2 reduced action potential-evoked
release to ~10% compared to the wild-type control, identifying Syt2 as the major
Ca2+ sensor at BC‑PC synapses. Differential adenovirus-mediated rescue revealed
Syt2 triggered release with shorter latency and higher temporal precision, and
mediated faster vesicle pool replenishment than Syt1. Furthermore, deletion of
Syt2 severely reduced and delayed disynaptic inhibition following parallel fiber
stimulation. Thus, the selective use of Syt2 as the release sensor at BC–PC synapse
ensures fast feedforward inhibition in cerebellar microcircuits. Additionally,
we tested the function of another synaptotagmin member, Syt7, for inhibitory synaptic
transmission at the BC–PC synapse. Syt7 is thought to be a Ca2+ sensor that mediates
asynchronous transmitter release and facilitation at synapses. However, it is
strongly expressed in fast-spiking, PV+ GABAergic interneurons and the output
synapses of these neurons produce only minimal asynchronous release and show depression
rather than facilitation. How could Syt7, a facilitation sensor, contribute to
the depressed inhibitory synaptic transmission needs to be further investigated
and understood. Our results indicated that at the BC–PC synapse, Syt7 contributes
to asynchronous release, pool replenishment and facilitation. In combination,
these three effects ensure efficient transmitter release during high‑frequency
activity and guarantee frequency independence of inhibition. Taken together, our
results confirmed that Syt2, which has the fastest kinetic properties among all
synaptotagmin members, is mainly used by the inhibitory BC‑PC synapse for synaptic
transmission, contributing to the speed and temporal precision of transmitter
release. Furthermore, we showed that Syt7, another highly expressed synaptotagmin
member in the output synapses of cerebellar BCs, is used for ensuring efficient
inhibitor synaptic transmission during high activity.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Chong
full_name: Chen, Chong
id: 3DFD581A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chen
citation:
ama: Chen C. Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter
release. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997
apa: Chen, C. (2018). Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory
neurotransmitter release. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997
chicago: Chen, Chong. “Synaptotagmins Ensure Speed and Efficiency of Inhibitory
Neurotransmitter Release.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997.
ieee: C. Chen, “Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter
release,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Chen C. 2018. Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter
release. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Chen, Chong. Synaptotagmins Ensure Speed and Efficiency of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter
Release. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997.
short: C. Chen, Synaptotagmins Ensure Speed and Efficiency of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter
Release, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:49Z
date_published: 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-27T12:26:03Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '571'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8e163ae9e927401b9fa7c1b3e6a3631a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T10:13:58Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:04Z
file_id: '5046'
file_name: IST-2018-997-v1+1_Thesis_chong_a.pdf
file_size: 8719458
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: f7d7260029a5fbb5c982db61328ade52
content_type: application/octet-stream
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:25:26Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:04Z
file_id: '6221'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_chong_source.pages
file_size: 47841940
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '110'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7541'
pubrep_id: '997'
related_material:
record:
- id: '1117'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '749'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
title: Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter release
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '149'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The eigenvalue density of many large random matrices is well approximated
by a deterministic measure, the self-consistent density of states. In the present
work, we show this behaviour for several classes of random matrices. In fact,
we establish that, in each of these classes, the self-consistent density of states
approximates the eigenvalue density of the random matrix on all scales slightly
above the typical eigenvalue spacing. For large classes of random matrices, the
self-consistent density of states exhibits several universal features. We prove
that, under suitable assumptions, random Gram matrices and Hermitian random matrices
with decaying correlations have a 1/3-Hölder continuous self-consistent density
of states ρ on R, which is analytic, where it is positive, and has either a square
root edge or a cubic root cusp, where it vanishes. We, thus, extend the validity
of the corresponding result for Wigner-type matrices from [4, 5, 7]. We show that
ρ is determined as the inverse Stieltjes transform of the normalized trace of
the unique solution m(z) to the Dyson equation −m(z) −1 = z − a + S[m(z)] on C
N×N with the constraint Im m(z) ≥ 0. Here, z lies in the complex upper half-plane,
a is a self-adjoint element of C N×N and S is a positivity-preserving operator
on C N×N encoding the first two moments of the random matrix. In order to analyze
a possible limit of ρ for N → ∞ and address some applications in free probability
theory, we also consider the Dyson equation on infinite dimensional von Neumann
algebras. We present two applications to random matrices. We first establish that,
under certain assumptions, large random matrices with independent entries have
a rotationally symmetric self-consistent density of states which is supported
on a centered disk in C. Moreover, it is infinitely often differentiable apart
from a jump on the boundary of this disk. Second, we show edge universality at
all regular (not necessarily extreme) spectral edges for Hermitian random matrices
with decaying correlations.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Johannes
full_name: Alt, Johannes
id: 36D3D8B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alt
citation:
ama: Alt J. Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040
apa: Alt, J. (2018). Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040
chicago: Alt, Johannes. “Dyson Equation and Eigenvalue Statistics of Random Matrices.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040.
ieee: J. Alt, “Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Alt J. 2018. Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Alt, Johannes. Dyson Equation and Eigenvalue Statistics of Random Matrices.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040.
short: J. Alt, Dyson Equation and Eigenvalue Statistics of Random Matrices, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:53Z
date_published: 2018-07-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-22T14:34:33Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '515'
- '519'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: LaEr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d4dad55a7513f345706aaaba90cb1bb8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-08T13:55:20Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:57Z
file_id: '6241'
file_name: 2018_thesis_Alt.pdf
file_size: 5801709
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: d73fcf46300dce74c403f2b491148ab4
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-08T13:55:20Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:57Z
file_id: '6242'
file_name: 2018_thesis_Alt_source.zip
file_size: 3802059
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:57Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '456'
project:
- _id: 258DCDE6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '338804'
name: Random matrices, universality and disordered quantum systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7772'
pubrep_id: '1040'
related_material:
record:
- id: '1677'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '550'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6183'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '566'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1010'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6240'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '6184'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
title: Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '395'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of genetic disorders often overlapping
with other neurological conditions. Despite the remarkable number of scientific
breakthroughs of the last 100 years, the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders
(e.g. autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, epilepsy) remains a great
challenge. Recent advancements in geno mics, like whole-exome or whole-genome
sequencing, have enabled scientists to identify numerous mutations underlying
neurodevelopmental disorders. Given the few hundred risk genes that were discovered,
the etiological variability and the heterogeneous phenotypic outcomes, the need
for genotype -along with phenotype- based diagnosis of individual patients becomes
a requisite. Driven by this rationale, in a previous study our group described
mutations, identified via whole - exome sequencing, in the gene BCKDK – encoding
for a key regulator of branched chain amin o acid (BCAA) catabolism - as a cause
of ASD. Following up on the role of BCAAs, in the study described here we show
that the solute carrier transporter 7a5 (SLC7A5), a large neutral amino acid transporter
localized mainly at the blood brain barrier (BBB), has an essential role in maintaining
normal levels of brain BCAAs. In mice, deletion of Slc7a5 from the endothelial
cells of the BBB leads to atypical brain amino acid profile, abnormal mRNA translation
and severe neurolo gical abnormalities. Additionally, deletion of Slc7a5 from
the neural progenitor cell population leads to microcephaly. Interestingly, we
demonstrate that BCAA intracerebroventricular administration ameliorates abnormal
behaviors in adult mutant mice. Furthermore, whole - exome sequencing of patients
diagnosed with neurological dis o r ders helped us identify several patients with
autistic traits, microcephaly and motor delay carrying deleterious homozygous
mutations in the SLC7A5 gene. In conclusion, our data elucidate a neurological
syndrome defined by SLC7A5 mutations and support an essential role for t he BCAA
s in human bra in function. Together with r ecent studies (described in chapter
two) that have successfully made the transition into clinical practice, our findings
on the role of B CAAs might have a crucial impact on the development of novel
individualized therapeutic strategies for ASD. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: PreCl
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: Bio
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dora-Clara
full_name: Tarlungeanu, Dora-Clara
id: 2ABCE612-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tarlungeanu
citation:
ama: Tarlungeanu D-C. The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders
. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992
apa: Tarlungeanu, D.-C. (2018). The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum
disorders . Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992
chicago: Tarlungeanu, Dora-Clara. “The Branched Chain Amino Acids in Autism Spectrum
Disorders .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992.
ieee: D.-C. Tarlungeanu, “The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders
,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Tarlungeanu D-C. 2018. The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders
. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Tarlungeanu, Dora-Clara. The Branched Chain Amino Acids in Autism Spectrum
Disorders . Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992.
short: D.-C. Tarlungeanu, The Branched Chain Amino Acids in Autism Spectrum Disorders
, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:14Z
date_published: 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:38:59Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
- '616'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GaNo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 9f5231c96e0ad945040841a8630232da
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:19:17Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6217'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Tarlungeanu_source.docx
file_size: 43684035
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 0c33c370aa2010df5c552db57a6d01e9
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:19:17Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:16Z
embargo: 2018-03-15
file_id: '6218'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Tarlungeanu.pdf
file_size: 30511532
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '88'
project:
- _id: 25473368-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: F03523
name: Transmembrane Transporters in Health and Disease
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7434'
pubrep_id: '992'
related_material:
record:
- id: '1183'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Gaia
full_name: Novarino, Gaia
id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Novarino
orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
title: 'The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders '
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '51'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Asymmetries have long been known about in the central nervous system. From
gross anatomical differences, such as the presence of the parapineal organ in
only one hemisphere of the developing zebrafish, to more subtle differences in
activity between both hemispheres, as seen in freely roaming animals or human
participants under PET and fMRI imaging analysis. The presence of asymmetries
has been demonstrated to have huge behavioural implications, with their disruption
often leading to the generation of neurological disorders, memory problems, changes
in personality, and in an organism's health and well-being. For my Ph.D. work
I aimed to tackle two important avenues of research. The first being the process
of input-side dependency in the hippocampus, with the goal of finding a key gene
responsible for its development (Gene X). The second project was to do with experience-induced
laterality formation in the hippocampus. Specifically, how laterality in the synapse
density of the CA1 stratum radiatum (s.r.) could be induced purely through environmental
enrichment. Through unilateral tracer injections into the CA3, I was able to selectively
measure the properties of synapses within the CA1 and investigate how they differed
based upon which hemisphere the presynaptic neurone originated. Having found the
existence of a previously unreported reversed (left-isomerism) i.v. mutant, through
morpholocal examination of labelled terminals in the CA1 s.r., I aimed to elucidate
a key gene responsible for the process of left or right determination of inputs
to the CA1 s.r.. This work relates to the previous finding of input-side dependent
asymmetry in the wild-type rodent, where the origin of the projecting neurone
to the CA1 will determine the morphology of a synapse, to a greater degree than
the hemisphere in which the projection terminates. Using left- and right-isomerism
i.v. mice, in combination with whole genome sequence analysis, I highlight Ena/VASP-like
(Evl) as a potential target for Gene X. In relation to this topic, I also highlight
my work in the recently published paper of how knockout of PirB can lead to a
lack of input-side dependency in the murine hippocampus. For the second question,
I show that the environmental enrichment paradigm will lead to an asymmetry in
the synapse densities in the hippocampus of mice. I also highlight that the nature
of the enrichment is of less consequence than the process of enrichment itself.
I demonstrate that the CA3 region will dramatically alter its projection targets,
in relation to environmental stimulation, with the asymmetry in synaptic density,
caused by enrichment, relying heavily on commissural fibres. I also highlight
the vital importance of input-side dependent asymmetry, as a necessary component
of experience-dependent laterality formation in the CA1 s.r.. However, my results
suggest that it isn't the only cause, as there appears to be a CA1 dependent mechanism
also at play. Upon further investigation, I highlight the significant, and highly
important, finding that the changes seen in the CA1 s.r. were predominantly caused
through projections from the left-CA3, with the right-CA3 having less involvement
in this mechanism.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Matthew J
full_name: Case, Matthew J
id: 44B7CA5A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Case
citation:
ama: 'Case MJ. From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments,
and hippocampal development. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032'
apa: 'Case, M. J. (2018). From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries,
environments, and hippocampal development. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032'
chicago: 'Case, Matthew J. “From the Left to the Right: A Tale of Asymmetries, Environments,
and Hippocampal Development.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032.'
ieee: 'M. J. Case, “From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments,
and hippocampal development,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.'
ista: 'Case MJ. 2018. From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments,
and hippocampal development. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Case, Matthew J. From the Left to the Right: A Tale of Asymmetries, Environments,
and Hippocampal Development. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032.'
short: 'M.J. Case, From the Left to the Right: A Tale of Asymmetries, Environments,
and Hippocampal Development, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:22Z
date_published: 2018-06-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:39:22Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '571'
- '576'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: RySh
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: dcc7b55619d8509dd62b8e99d6cdee44
content_type: application/msword
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:16:26Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:13Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6251'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Case_Source.doc
file_size: 141270528
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f69fdd5c8709c4e618aa8c1a1221153d
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:16:23Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:14Z
embargo: 2019-07-05
file_id: '6252'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Case.pdf
file_size: 15193621
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:13Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '186'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '8003'
pubrep_id: '1032'
related_material:
record:
- id: '682'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
title: 'From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments, and hippocampal
development'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '10'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic process that leads to parent of origin-specific
gene expression in a subset of genes. Imprinted genes are essential for brain
development, and deregulation of imprinting is associated with neurodevelopmental
diseases and the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. However, the cell-type
specificity of imprinting at single cell resolution, and how imprinting and thus
gene dosage regulates neuronal circuit assembly is still largely unknown. Here,
MADM (Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers) technology was employed to assess genomic
imprinting at single cell level. By visualizing MADM-induced uniparental disomies
(UPDs) in distinct colors at single cell level in genetic mosaic animals, this
experimental paradigm provides a unique quantitative platform to systematically
assay the UPD-mediated imbalances in imprinted gene expression at unprecedented
resolution. An experimental pipeline based on FACS, RNA-seq and bioinformatics
analysis was established and applied to systematically map cell-type-specific
‘imprintomes’ in the mouse brain. The results revealed that parental-specific
expression of imprinted genes per se is rarely cell-type-specific even at the
individual cell level. Conversely, when we extended the comparison to downstream
responses resulting from imbalanced imprinted gene expression, we discovered an
unexpectedly high degree of cell-type specificity. Furthermore, we determined
a novel function of genomic imprinting in cortical astrocyte production and in
olfactory bulb (OB) granule cell generation. These results suggest important functional
implication of genomic imprinting for generating cell-type diversity in the brain.
In addition, MADM provides a powerful tool to study candidate genes by concomitant
genetic manipulation and fluorescent labelling of single cells. MADM-based candidate
gene approach was utilized to identify potential imprinted genes involved in the
generation of cortical astrocytes and OB granule cells. We investigated p57Kip2,
a maternally expressed gene and known cell cycle regulator. Although we found
that p57Kip2 does not play a role in these processes, we detected an unexpected
function of the paternal allele previously thought to be silent. Finally, we took
advantage of a key property of MADM which is to allow unambiguous investigation
of environmental impact on single cells. The experimental pipeline based on FACS
and RNA-seq analysis of MADM-labeled cells was established to probe the functional
differences of single cell loss of gene function compared to global loss of function
on a transcriptional level. With this method, both common and distinct responses
were isolated due to cell-autonomous and non-autonomous effects acting on genotypically
identical cells. As a result, transcriptional changes were identified which result
solely from the surrounding environment. Using the MADM technology to study genomic
imprinting at single cell resolution, we have identified cell-type-specific gene
expression, novel gene function and the impact of environment on single cell transcriptomes.
Together, these provide important insights to the understanding of mechanisms
regulating cell-type specificity and thus diversity in the brain.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Susanne
full_name: Laukoter, Susanne
id: 2D6B7A9A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Laukoter
orcid: 0000-0002-7903-3010
citation:
ama: Laukoter S. Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development. 2018:1-139.
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057
apa: Laukoter, S. (2018). Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057
chicago: Laukoter, Susanne. “Role of Genomic Imprinting in Cerebral Cortex Development.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057.
ieee: S. Laukoter, “Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Laukoter S. 2018. Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Laukoter, Susanne. Role of Genomic Imprinting in Cerebral Cortex Development.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, pp. 1–139, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057.
short: S. Laukoter, Role of Genomic Imprinting in Cerebral Cortex Development, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:08Z
date_published: 2018-11-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:40:44Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: SiHi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 41fdbf5fdce312802935d88a8ad9932c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-05-10T07:47:04Z
date_updated: 2019-11-23T23:30:03Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6396'
file_name: Thesis_LaukoterSusanne_FINAL.docx
file_size: 17949175
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 53001a9a0c9e570e598d861bb0af28aa
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-05-10T07:47:04Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:16Z
embargo: 2019-11-21
file_id: '6397'
file_name: Thesis_LaukoterSusanne_FINAL.pdf
file_size: 21187245
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:16Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1 - 139
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '8046'
pubrep_id: '1057'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Beatriz
full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz
id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vicoso
orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306
title: Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '323'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'In the here presented thesis, we explore the role of branched actin networks
in cell migration and antigen presentation, the two most relevant processes in
dendritic cell biology. Branched actin networks construct lamellipodial protrusions
at the leading edge of migrating cells. These are typically seen as adhesive structures,
which mediate force transduction to the extracellular matrix that leads to forward
locomotion. We ablated Arp2/3 nucleation promoting factor WAVE in DCs and found
that the resulting cells lack lamellipodial protrusions. Instead, depending on
the maturation state, one or multiple filopodia were formed. By challenging these
cells in a variety of migration assays we found that lamellipodial protrusions
are dispensable for the locomotion of leukocytes and actually dampen the speed
of migration. However, lamellipodia are critically required to negotiate complex
environments that DCs experience while they travel to the next draining lymph
node. Taken together our results suggest that leukocyte lamellipodia have rather
a sensory- than a force transducing function. Furthermore, we show for the first
time structure and dynamics of dendritic cell F-actin at the immunological synapse
with naïve T cells. Dendritic cell F-actin appears as dynamic foci that are nucleated
by the Arp2/3 complex. WAVE ablated dendritic cells show increased membrane tension,
leading to an altered ultrastructure of the immunological synapse and severe T
cell priming defects. These results point towards a previously unappreciated role
of the cellular mechanics of dendritic cells in T cell activation. Additionally,
we present a novel cell culture based system for the differentiation of dendritic
cells from conditionally immortalized hematopoietic precursors. These precursor
cells are genetically tractable via the CRISPR/Cas9 system while they retain their
ability to differentiate into highly migratory dendritic cells and other immune
cells. This will foster the study of all aspects of dendritic cell biology and
beyond. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: Bio
- _id: PreCl
- _id: EM-Fac
acknowledgement: "First of all I would like to thank Michael Sixt for giving me the
opportunity to work in \r\nhis group and for his support throughout the years. He
is a truly inspiring person and \r\nthe best boss one can imagine. I would
\ also like to thank all current and past \r\nmembers of the Sixt group for
their help and the great working atmosphere in the lab. \r\nIt is a true privilege
to work with such a bright, funny and friendly group of people and \r\nI’m proud
\ that I could be part of it. Furthermore, I would like to say ‘thank
\ you’ to Daria Siekhaus for all the meetings and discussion we had throughout
the years \r\nand to Federica Benvenuti for being part of my committee.
\ I am also grateful to Jack \r\nMerrin in the nanofabrication facility
\ and all the people working in the bioimaging-\r\n, the electron microscopy-
and the preclinical facilities."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alexander F
full_name: Leithner, Alexander F
id: 3B1B77E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Leithner
orcid: 0000-0002-1073-744X
citation:
ama: Leithner AF. Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998
apa: Leithner, A. F. (2018). Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998
chicago: Leithner, Alexander F. “Branched Actin Networks in Dendritic Cell Biology.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998.
ieee: A. F. Leithner, “Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Leithner AF. 2018. Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Leithner, Alexander F. Branched Actin Networks in Dendritic Cell Biology.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998.
short: A.F. Leithner, Branched Actin Networks in Dendritic Cell Biology, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:49Z
date_published: 2018-04-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:39:44Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '571'
- '599'
- '610'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: d5e3edbac548c26c1fa43a4b37a54a4c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:23:11Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:17Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6219'
file_name: PhD_thesis_AlexLeithner_final_version.docx
file_size: 29027671
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 071f7476db29e41146824ebd0697cb10
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-05T09:23:11Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:16Z
embargo: 2019-04-15
file_id: '6220'
file_name: PhD_thesis_AlexLeithner.pdf
file_size: 66045341
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T23:30:17Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '99'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7542'
pubrep_id: '998'
related_material:
record:
- id: '1321'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Michael K
full_name: Sixt, Michael K
id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sixt
orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
title: Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...