[{"article_number":"e202300128","file_date_updated":"2023-11-14T11:27:16Z","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"The authors (N.L.F and R.B.J) would like to acknowledge the funding contributions of Shell and the EPRSC via I–Case studentships (grants no. EP/V519662/1 and EP/R511870/1 respectively). T.I would like to thank the ERC advanced Investigator Grant for CPG (EC H2020 835073). Thank you to Zhen Wang from the University of Cambridge for measuring GPC, the Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry's mass spectrometry service for MS measurements and analysis and Dr Andrew Bond from the University of Cambridge for XRD measurement and analysis.","year":"2023","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"StFr"}],"publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Farag, Nadia L.","last_name":"Farag","first_name":"Nadia L."},{"orcid":"0000-0002-0404-4356","id":"4cc538d5-803f-11ed-ab7e-8139573aad8f","last_name":"Jethwa","first_name":"Rajesh B","full_name":"Jethwa, Rajesh B"},{"full_name":"Beardmore, Alice E.","last_name":"Beardmore","first_name":"Alice E."},{"full_name":"Insinna, Teresa","last_name":"Insinna","first_name":"Teresa"},{"full_name":"O'Keefe, Christopher A.","first_name":"Christopher A.","last_name":"O'Keefe"},{"last_name":"Klusener","first_name":"Peter A.A.","full_name":"Klusener, Peter A.A."},{"full_name":"Grey, Clare P.","last_name":"Grey","first_name":"Clare P."},{"first_name":"Dominic S.","last_name":"Wright","full_name":"Wright, Dominic S."}],"volume":16,"date_created":"2023-05-21T22:01:05Z","date_updated":"2023-11-14T11:28:23Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1864-5631"],"eissn":["1864-564X"]},"month":"07","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"external_id":{"isi":["000985051300001"],"pmid":["36970847"]},"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"doi":"10.1002/cssc.202300128","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","issue":"13","abstract":[{"text":"A series of triarylamines was synthesised and screened for their suitability as catholytes in redox flow batteries using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Tris(4-aminophenyl)amine was found to be the strongest candidate. Solubility and initial electrochemical performance were promising; however, polymerisation was observed during electrochemical cycling leading to rapid capacity fade prescribed to a loss of accessible active material and the limitation of ion transport processes within the cell. A mixed electrolyte system of H3PO4 and HCl was found to inhibit polymerisation producing oligomers that consumed less active material reducing rates of degradation in the redox flow battery. Under these conditions Coulombic efficiency improved by over 4 %, the maximum number of cycles more than quadrupled and an additional theoretical capacity of 20 % was accessed. This paper is, to our knowledge, the first example of triarylamines as catholytes in all-aqueous redox flow batteries and emphasises the impact supporting electrolytes can have on electrochemical performance.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"13041","intvolume":" 16","ddc":["540"],"status":"public","title":"Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow batteries","file":[{"file_id":"14532","relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"efa0713289995af83a2147b3e8e1d6a6","date_updated":"2023-11-14T11:27:16Z","date_created":"2023-11-14T11:27:16Z","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2023_ChemSusChem_Farag.pdf","creator":"dernst","file_size":1168683,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","day":"06","citation":{"ista":"Farag NL, Jethwa RB, Beardmore AE, Insinna T, O’Keefe CA, Klusener PAA, Grey CP, Wright DS. 2023. Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow batteries. ChemSusChem. 16(13), e202300128.","apa":"Farag, N. L., Jethwa, R. B., Beardmore, A. E., Insinna, T., O’Keefe, C. A., Klusener, P. A. A., … Wright, D. S. (2023). Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow batteries. ChemSusChem. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202300128","ieee":"N. L. Farag et al., “Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow batteries,” ChemSusChem, vol. 16, no. 13. Wiley, 2023.","ama":"Farag NL, Jethwa RB, Beardmore AE, et al. Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow batteries. ChemSusChem. 2023;16(13). doi:10.1002/cssc.202300128","chicago":"Farag, Nadia L., Rajesh B Jethwa, Alice E. Beardmore, Teresa Insinna, Christopher A. O’Keefe, Peter A.A. Klusener, Clare P. Grey, and Dominic S. Wright. “Triarylamines as Catholytes in Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries.” ChemSusChem. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202300128.","mla":"Farag, Nadia L., et al. “Triarylamines as Catholytes in Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries.” ChemSusChem, vol. 16, no. 13, e202300128, Wiley, 2023, doi:10.1002/cssc.202300128.","short":"N.L. Farag, R.B. Jethwa, A.E. Beardmore, T. Insinna, C.A. O’Keefe, P.A.A. Klusener, C.P. Grey, D.S. Wright, ChemSusChem 16 (2023)."},"publication":"ChemSusChem","article_type":"original","date_published":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1864-5631"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"01","day":"20","page":"401-408","article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"mla":"Schafzahl, Lukas, et al. “An Electrolyte for Reversible Cycling of Sodium Metal and Intercalation Compounds.” ChemSusChem, vol. 10, no. 2, Wiley, 2017, pp. 401–08, doi:10.1002/cssc.201601222.","short":"L. Schafzahl, I. Hanzu, M. Wilkening, S.A. Freunberger, ChemSusChem 10 (2017) 401–408.","chicago":"Schafzahl, Lukas, Ilie Hanzu, Martin Wilkening, and Stefan Alexander Freunberger. “An Electrolyte for Reversible Cycling of Sodium Metal and Intercalation Compounds.” ChemSusChem. Wiley, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201601222.","ama":"Schafzahl L, Hanzu I, Wilkening M, Freunberger SA. An electrolyte for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds. ChemSusChem. 2017;10(2):401-408. doi:10.1002/cssc.201601222","ista":"Schafzahl L, Hanzu I, Wilkening M, Freunberger SA. 2017. An electrolyte for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds. ChemSusChem. 10(2), 401–408.","apa":"Schafzahl, L., Hanzu, I., Wilkening, M., & Freunberger, S. A. (2017). An electrolyte for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds. ChemSusChem. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201601222","ieee":"L. Schafzahl, I. Hanzu, M. Wilkening, and S. A. Freunberger, “An electrolyte for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds,” ChemSusChem, vol. 10, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 401–408, 2017."},"publication":"ChemSusChem","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2017-01-20T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1002/cssc.201601222","type":"journal_article","extern":"1","issue":"2","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Na battery chemistries show poor passivation behavior of low voltage Na storage compounds and Na metal with organic carbonate‐based electrolytes adopted from Li‐ion batteries. Therefore, a suitable electrolyte remains a major challenge for establishing Na batteries. Here we report highly concentrated sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI) in dimethoxyethane (DME) electrolytes and investigate them for Na metal and hard carbon anodes and intercalation cathodes. For a DME/NaFSI ratio of 2, a stable passivation of anode materials was found owing to the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interface, which was characterized spectroscopically. This permitted non‐dentritic Na metal cycling with approximately 98 % coulombic efficiency as shown for up to 300 cycles. The NaFSI/DME electrolyte may enable Na‐metal anodes and allows for more reliable assessment of electrode materials in Na‐ion half‐cells, as is demonstrated by comparing half‐cell cycling of hard carbon anodes and Na3V2(PO4)3 cathodes with a widely used carbonate and the NaFSI/DME electrolyte."}],"publisher":"Wiley","intvolume":" 10","title":"An electrolyte for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds","publication_status":"published","status":"public","_id":"7291","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2017","volume":10,"oa_version":"None","date_created":"2020-01-15T12:15:29Z","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:12:48Z","author":[{"full_name":"Schafzahl, Lukas","first_name":"Lukas","last_name":"Schafzahl"},{"first_name":"Ilie","last_name":"Hanzu","full_name":"Hanzu, Ilie"},{"full_name":"Wilkening, Martin","last_name":"Wilkening","first_name":"Martin"},{"full_name":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander","id":"A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425","orcid":"0000-0003-2902-5319","first_name":"Stefan Alexander","last_name":"Freunberger"}]},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1002/cssc.201402455","quality_controlled":"1","external_id":{"pmid":["25209099"]},"month":"11","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1864-564X"],"issn":["1864-5631"]},"date_created":"2022-08-25T08:36:54Z","date_updated":"2023-02-21T10:09:42Z","volume":7,"author":[{"first_name":"Mojtaba Mirhosseini","last_name":"Moghaddam","full_name":"Moghaddam, Mojtaba Mirhosseini"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8689-388X","id":"93e5e5b2-0da6-11ed-8a41-af589a024726","last_name":"Pieber","first_name":"Bartholomäus","full_name":"Pieber, Bartholomäus"},{"full_name":"Glasnov, Toma","first_name":"Toma","last_name":"Glasnov"},{"last_name":"Kappe","first_name":"C. Oliver","full_name":"Kappe, C. Oliver"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Wiley","year":"2014","pmid":1,"extern":"1","date_published":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","page":"3122-3131","publication":"ChemSusChem","citation":{"apa":"Moghaddam, M. M., Pieber, B., Glasnov, T., & Kappe, C. O. (2014). Immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro reductions in continuous flow. ChemSusChem. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402455","ieee":"M. M. Moghaddam, B. Pieber, T. Glasnov, and C. O. Kappe, “Immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro reductions in continuous flow,” ChemSusChem, vol. 7, no. 11. Wiley, pp. 3122–3131, 2014.","ista":"Moghaddam MM, Pieber B, Glasnov T, Kappe CO. 2014. Immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro reductions in continuous flow. ChemSusChem. 7(11), 3122–3131.","ama":"Moghaddam MM, Pieber B, Glasnov T, Kappe CO. Immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro reductions in continuous flow. ChemSusChem. 2014;7(11):3122-3131. doi:10.1002/cssc.201402455","chicago":"Moghaddam, Mojtaba Mirhosseini, Bartholomäus Pieber, Toma Glasnov, and C. Oliver Kappe. “Immobilized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Stable and Reusable Catalysts for Hydrazine-Mediated Nitro Reductions in Continuous Flow.” ChemSusChem. Wiley, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402455.","short":"M.M. Moghaddam, B. Pieber, T. Glasnov, C.O. Kappe, ChemSusChem 7 (2014) 3122–3131.","mla":"Moghaddam, Mojtaba Mirhosseini, et al. “Immobilized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Stable and Reusable Catalysts for Hydrazine-Mediated Nitro Reductions in Continuous Flow.” ChemSusChem, vol. 7, no. 11, Wiley, 2014, pp. 3122–31, doi:10.1002/cssc.201402455."},"day":"01","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"None","title":"Immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro reductions in continuous flow","status":"public","intvolume":" 7","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"11967","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"An experimentally easy to perform method for the generation of alumina-supported Fe3O4 nanoparticles [(6±1) nm size, 0.67 wt %]and the use of this material in hydrazine-mediated heterogeneously catalyzed reductions of nitroarenes to anilines under batch and continuous-flow conditions is presented. The bench-stable, reusable nano-Fe3O4@Al2O3 catalyst can selectively reduce functionalized nitroarenes at 1 mol % catalyst loading by using a 20 mol % excess of hydrazine hydrate in an elevated temperature regime (150 °C, reaction time 2–6 min in batch). For continuous-flow processing, the catalyst material is packed into dedicated cartridges and used in a commercially available high-temperature/-pressure flow device. In continuous mode, reaction times can be reduced to less than 1 min at 150 °C (30 bar back pressure) in a highly intensified process. The nano-Fe3O4@Al2O3 catalyst demonstrated stable reduction of nitrobenzene (0.5 M in MeOH) for more than 10 h on stream at a productivity of 30 mmol h−1 (0.72 mol per day). Importantly, virtually no leaching of the catalytically active material could be observed by inductively coupled plasma MS monitoring."}],"issue":"11","type":"journal_article"}]