--- _id: '315' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'More than 100 years after Grigg’s influential analysis of species’ borders, the causes of limits to species’ ranges still represent a puzzle that has never been understood with clarity. The topic has become especially important recently as many scientists have become interested in the potential for species’ ranges to shift in response to climate change—and yet nearly all of those studies fail to recognise or incorporate evolutionary genetics in a way that relates to theoretical developments. I show that range margins can be understood based on just two measurable parameters: (i) the fitness cost of dispersal—a measure of environmental heterogeneity—and (ii) the strength of genetic drift, which reduces genetic diversity. Together, these two parameters define an ‘expansion threshold’: adaptation fails when genetic drift reduces genetic diversity below that required for adaptation to a heterogeneous environment. When the key parameters drop below this expansion threshold locally, a sharp range margin forms. When they drop below this threshold throughout the species’ range, adaptation collapses everywhere, resulting in either extinction or formation of a fragmented metapopulation. Because the effects of dispersal differ fundamentally with dimension, the second parameter—the strength of genetic drift—is qualitatively different compared to a linear habitat. In two-dimensional habitats, genetic drift becomes effectively independent of selection. It decreases with ‘neighbourhood size’—the number of individuals accessible by dispersal within one generation. Moreover, in contrast to earlier predictions, which neglected evolution of genetic variance and/or stochasticity in two dimensions, dispersal into small marginal populations aids adaptation. This is because the reduction of both genetic and demographic stochasticity has a stronger effect than the cost of dispersal through increased maladaptation. The expansion threshold thus provides a novel, theoretically justified, and testable prediction for formation of the range margin and collapse of the species’ range.' article_number: e2005372 author: - first_name: Jitka full_name: Polechova, Jitka id: 3BBFB084-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Polechova orcid: 0000-0003-0951-3112 citation: ama: Polechova J. Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range. PLoS Biology. 2018;16(6). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372 apa: Polechova, J. (2018). Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372 chicago: Polechova, Jitka. “Is the Sky the Limit? On the Expansion Threshold of a Species’ Range.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372. ieee: J. Polechova, “Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range,” PLoS Biology, vol. 16, no. 6. Public Library of Science, 2018. ista: Polechova J. 2018. Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range. PLoS Biology. 16(6), e2005372. mla: Polechova, Jitka. “Is the Sky the Limit? On the Expansion Threshold of a Species’ Range.” PLoS Biology, vol. 16, no. 6, e2005372, Public Library of Science, 2018, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372. short: J. Polechova, PLoS Biology 16 (2018). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:46Z date_published: 2018-06-15T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-23T14:10:16Z day: '15' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005372 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 908c52751bba30c55ed36789e5e4c84d content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2019-01-22T08:30:03Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:01Z file_id: '5870' file_name: 2017_PLOS_Polechova.pdf file_size: 6968201 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:01Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 16' issue: '6' language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: PLoS Biology publication_identifier: issn: - '15449173' publication_status: published publisher: Public Library of Science publist_id: '7550' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9839' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Is the sky the limit? On the expansion threshold of a species’ range tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '708' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'In the developing and adult brain, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are influenced by neuronal activity: they are involved in synaptic signaling with neurons, and their proliferation and differentiation into myelinating glia can be altered by transient changes in neuronal firing. An important question that has been unanswered is whether OPCs can discriminate different patterns of neuronal activity and respond to them in a distinct way. Here, we demonstrate in brain slices that the pattern of neuronal activity determines the functional changes triggered at synapses between axons and OPCs. Furthermore, we show that stimulation of the corpus callosum at different frequencies in vivo affects proliferation and differentiation of OPCs in a dissimilar way. Our findings suggest that neurons do not influence OPCs in “all-or-none” fashion but use their firing pattern to tune the response and behavior of these nonneuronal cells.' article_number: e2001993 author: - first_name: Balint full_name: Nagy, Balint id: 30F830CE-02D1-11E9-9BAA-DAF4881429F2 last_name: Nagy orcid: 0000-0002-4002-4686 - first_name: Anahit full_name: Hovhannisyan, Anahit last_name: Hovhannisyan - first_name: Ruxandra full_name: Barzan, Ruxandra last_name: Barzan - first_name: Ting full_name: Chen, Ting last_name: Chen - first_name: Maria full_name: Kukley, Maria last_name: Kukley citation: ama: Nagy B, Hovhannisyan A, Barzan R, Chen T, Kukley M. Different patterns of neuronal activity trigger distinct responses of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the corpus callosum. PLoS Biology. 2017;15(8). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2001993 apa: Nagy, B., Hovhannisyan, A., Barzan, R., Chen, T., & Kukley, M. (2017). Different patterns of neuronal activity trigger distinct responses of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the corpus callosum. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001993 chicago: Nagy, Balint, Anahit Hovhannisyan, Ruxandra Barzan, Ting Chen, and Maria Kukley. “Different Patterns of Neuronal Activity Trigger Distinct Responses of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in the Corpus Callosum.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001993. ieee: B. Nagy, A. Hovhannisyan, R. Barzan, T. Chen, and M. Kukley, “Different patterns of neuronal activity trigger distinct responses of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the corpus callosum,” PLoS Biology, vol. 15, no. 8. Public Library of Science, 2017. ista: Nagy B, Hovhannisyan A, Barzan R, Chen T, Kukley M. 2017. Different patterns of neuronal activity trigger distinct responses of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the corpus callosum. PLoS Biology. 15(8), e2001993. mla: Nagy, Balint, et al. “Different Patterns of Neuronal Activity Trigger Distinct Responses of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in the Corpus Callosum.” PLoS Biology, vol. 15, no. 8, e2001993, Public Library of Science, 2017, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2001993. short: B. Nagy, A. Hovhannisyan, R. Barzan, T. Chen, M. Kukley, PLoS Biology 15 (2017). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:03Z date_published: 2017-08-22T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:11:45Z day: '22' ddc: - '576' - '610' department: - _id: SaSi doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2001993 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 0c974f430682dc832ea7b27ab5a93124 content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:15:35Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:49Z file_id: '5156' file_name: IST-2017-889-v1+1_journal.pbio.2001993.pdf file_size: 18155365 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:49Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 15' issue: '8' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: PLoS Biology publication_identifier: issn: - '15449173' publication_status: published publisher: Public Library of Science publist_id: '6983' pubrep_id: '889' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Different patterns of neuronal activity trigger distinct responses of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the corpus callosum tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 15 year: '2017' ... --- _id: '951' abstract: - lang: eng text: Dengue-suppressing Wolbachia strains are promising tools for arbovirus control, particularly as they have the potential to self-spread following local introductions. To test this, we followed the frequency of the transinfected Wolbachia strain wMel through Ae. aegypti in Cairns, Australia, following releases at 3 nonisolated locations within the city in early 2013. Spatial spread was analysed graphically using interpolation and by fitting a statistical model describing the position and width of the wave. For the larger 2 of the 3 releases (covering 0.97 km2 and 0.52 km2), we observed slow but steady spatial spread, at about 100–200 m per year, roughly consistent with theoretical predictions. In contrast, the smallest release (0.11 km2) produced erratic temporal and spatial dynamics, with little evidence of spread after 2 years. This is consistent with the prediction concerning fitness-decreasing Wolbachia transinfections that a minimum release area is needed to achieve stable local establishment and spread in continuous habitats. Our graphical and likelihood analyses produced broadly consistent estimates of wave speed and wave width. Spread at all sites was spatially heterogeneous, suggesting that environmental heterogeneity will affect large-scale Wolbachia transformations of urban mosquito populations. The persistence and spread of Wolbachia in release areas meeting minimum area requirements indicates the promise of successful large-scale population transfo article_number: e2001894 article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Tom full_name: Schmidt, Tom last_name: Schmidt - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Gordana full_name: Rasic, Gordana last_name: Rasic - first_name: Andrew full_name: Turley, Andrew last_name: Turley - first_name: Brian full_name: Montgomery, Brian last_name: Montgomery - first_name: Inaki full_name: Iturbe Ormaetxe, Inaki last_name: Iturbe Ormaetxe - first_name: Peter full_name: Cook, Peter last_name: Cook - first_name: Peter full_name: Ryan, Peter last_name: Ryan - first_name: Scott full_name: Ritchie, Scott last_name: Ritchie - first_name: Ary full_name: Hoffmann, Ary last_name: Hoffmann - first_name: Scott full_name: O’Neill, Scott last_name: O’Neill - first_name: Michael full_name: Turelli, Michael last_name: Turelli citation: ama: Schmidt T, Barton NH, Rasic G, et al. Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti. PLoS Biology. 2017;15(5). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894 apa: Schmidt, T., Barton, N. H., Rasic, G., Turley, A., Montgomery, B., Iturbe Ormaetxe, I., … Turelli, M. (2017). Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894 chicago: Schmidt, Tom, Nicholas H Barton, Gordana Rasic, Andrew Turley, Brian Montgomery, Inaki Iturbe Ormaetxe, Peter Cook, et al. “Local Introduction and Heterogeneous Spatial Spread of Dengue-Suppressing Wolbachia through an Urban Population of Aedes Aegypti.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894. ieee: T. Schmidt et al., “Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti,” PLoS Biology, vol. 15, no. 5. Public Library of Science, 2017. ista: Schmidt T, Barton NH, Rasic G, Turley A, Montgomery B, Iturbe Ormaetxe I, Cook P, Ryan P, Ritchie S, Hoffmann A, O’Neill S, Turelli M. 2017. Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti. PLoS Biology. 15(5), e2001894. mla: Schmidt, Tom, et al. “Local Introduction and Heterogeneous Spatial Spread of Dengue-Suppressing Wolbachia through an Urban Population of Aedes Aegypti.” PLoS Biology, vol. 15, no. 5, e2001894, Public Library of Science, 2017, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894. short: T. Schmidt, N.H. Barton, G. Rasic, A. Turley, B. Montgomery, I. Iturbe Ormaetxe, P. Cook, P. Ryan, S. Ritchie, A. Hoffmann, S. O’Neill, M. Turelli, PLoS Biology 15 (2017). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:22Z date_published: 2017-05-30T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-22T10:02:52Z day: '30' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894 external_id: isi: - '000402520000012' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 107d290bd1159ec77b734eb2824b01c8 content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:08:30Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:16Z file_id: '4691' file_name: IST-2017-843-v1+1_journal.pbio.2001894.pdf file_size: 5541206 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:16Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 15' isi: 1 issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: PLoS Biology publication_identifier: issn: - '15449173' publication_status: published publisher: Public Library of Science publist_id: '6464' pubrep_id: '843' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9856' relation: research_data status: public - id: '9857' relation: research_data status: public - id: '9858' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 15 year: '2017' ...