@article{12710, abstract = {Surface curvature both emerges from, and influences the behavior of, living objects at length scales ranging from cell membranes to single cells to tissues and organs. The relevance of surface curvature in biology is supported by numerous experimental and theoretical investigations in recent years. In this review, first, a brief introduction to the key ideas of surface curvature in the context of biological systems is given and the challenges that arise when measuring surface curvature are discussed. Giving an overview of the emergence of curvature in biological systems, its significance at different length scales becomes apparent. On the other hand, summarizing current findings also shows that both single cells and entire cell sheets, tissues or organisms respond to curvature by modulating their shape and their migration behavior. Finally, the interplay between the distribution of morphogens or micro-organisms and the emergence of curvature across length scales is addressed with examples demonstrating these key mechanistic principles of morphogenesis. Overall, this review highlights that curved interfaces are not merely a passive by-product of the chemical, biological, and mechanical processes but that curvature acts also as a signal that co-determines these processes.}, author = {Schamberger, Barbara and Ziege, Ricardo and Anselme, Karine and Ben Amar, Martine and Bykowski, Michał and Castro, André P.G. and Cipitria, Amaia and Coles, Rhoslyn A. and Dimova, Rumiana and Eder, Michaela and Ehrig, Sebastian and Escudero, Luis M. and Evans, Myfanwy E. and Fernandes, Paulo R. and Fratzl, Peter and Geris, Liesbet and Gierlinger, Notburga and Hannezo, Edouard B and Iglič, Aleš and Kirkensgaard, Jacob J.K. and Kollmannsberger, Philip and Kowalewska, Łucja and Kurniawan, Nicholas A. and Papantoniou, Ioannis and Pieuchot, Laurent and Pires, Tiago H.V. and Renner, Lars D. and Sageman-Furnas, Andrew O. and Schröder-Turk, Gerd E. and Sengupta, Anupam and Sharma, Vikas R. and Tagua, Antonio and Tomba, Caterina and Trepat, Xavier and Waters, Sarah L. and Yeo, Edwina F. and Roschger, Andreas and Bidan, Cécile M. and Dunlop, John W.C.}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, number = {13}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Curvature in biological systems: Its quantification, emergence, and implications across the scales}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.202206110}, volume = {35}, year = {2023}, } @article{14434, abstract = {High entropy alloys (HEAs) are highly suitable candidate catalysts for oxygen evolution and reduction reactions (OER/ORR) as they offer numerous parameters for optimizing the electronic structure and catalytic sites. Herein, FeCoNiMoW HEA nanoparticles are synthesized using a solution‐based low‐temperature approach. Such FeCoNiMoW nanoparticles show high entropy properties, subtle lattice distortions, and modulated electronic structure, leading to superior OER performance with an overpotential of 233 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and 276 mV at 100 mA cm−2. Density functional theory calculations reveal the electronic structures of the FeCoNiMoW active sites with an optimized d‐band center position that enables suitable adsorption of OOH* intermediates and reduces the Gibbs free energy barrier in the OER process. Aqueous zinc–air batteries (ZABs) based on this HEA demonstrate a high open circuit potential of 1.59 V, a peak power density of 116.9 mW cm−2, a specific capacity of 857 mAh gZn−1, and excellent stability for over 660 h of continuous charge–discharge cycles. Flexible and solid ZABs are also assembled and tested, displaying excellent charge–discharge performance at different bending angles. This work shows the significance of 4d/5d metal‐modulated electronic structure and optimized adsorption ability to improve the performance of OER/ORR, ZABs, and beyond.}, author = {He, Ren and Yang, Linlin and Zhang, Yu and Jiang, Daochuan and Lee, Seungho and Horta, Sharona and Liang, Zhifu and Lu, Xuan and Ostovari Moghaddam, Ahmad and Li, Junshan and Ibáñez, Maria and Xu, Ying and Zhou, Yingtang and Cabot, Andreu}, issn = {0935-9648}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{A 3d‐4d‐5d high entropy alloy as a bifunctional oxygen catalyst for robust aqueous zinc–air batteries}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.202303719}, year = {2023}, } @article{14435, abstract = {Low‐cost, safe, and environmental‐friendly rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising as next‐generation energy storage devices for wearable electronics among other applications. However, sluggish ionic transport kinetics and the unstable electrode structure during ionic insertion/extraction hampers their deployment. Herein,  we propose a new cathode material based on a layered metal chalcogenide (LMC), bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), coated with polypyrrole (PPy). Taking advantage of the PPy coating, the Bi2Te3@PPy composite presents strong ionic absorption affinity, high oxidation resistance, and high structural stability. The ZIBs based on Bi2Te3@PPy cathodes exhibit high capacities and ultra‐long lifespans of over 5000 cycles. They also present outstanding stability even under bending. In addition,  we analyze here the reaction mechanism using in situ X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and computational tools and demonstrate that, in the aqueous system, Zn2+ is not inserted into the cathode as previously assumed. In contrast, proton charge storage dominates the process. Overall, this work not only shows the great potential of LMCs as ZIBs cathode materials and the advantages of PPy coating, but also clarifies the charge/discharge mechanism in rechargeable ZIBs based on LMCs.}, author = {Zeng, Guifang and Sun, Qing and Horta, Sharona and Wang, Shang and Lu, Xuan and Zhang, Chaoyue and Li, Jing and Li, Junshan and Ci, Lijie and Tian, Yanhong and Ibáñez, Maria and Cabot, Andreu}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{A layered Bi2Te3@PPy cathode for aqueous zinc ion batteries: Mechanism and application in printed flexible batteries}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.202305128}, year = {2023}, } @article{13355, abstract = {Supramolecular self-assembly in biological systems holds promise to convert and amplify disease-specific signals to physical or mechanical signals that can direct cell fate. However, it remains challenging to design physiologically stable self-assembling systems that demonstrate tunable and predictable behavior. Here, the use of zwitterionic tetrapeptide modalities to direct nanoparticle assembly under physiological conditions is reported. The self-assembly of gold nanoparticles can be activated by enzymatic unveiling of surface-bound zwitterionic tetrapeptides through matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), which is overexpressed by cancer cells. This robust nanoparticle assembly is achieved by multivalent, self-complementary interactions of the zwitterionic tetrapeptides. In cancer cells that overexpress MMP-9, the nanoparticle assembly process occurs near the cell membrane and causes size-induced selection of cellular uptake mechanism, resulting in diminished cell growth. The enzyme responsiveness, and therefore, indirectly, the uptake route of the system can be programmed by customizing the peptide sequence: a simple inversion of the two amino acids at the cleavage site completely inactivates the enzyme responsiveness, self-assembly, and consequently changes the endocytic pathway. This robust self-complementary, zwitterionic peptide design demonstrates the use of enzyme-activated electrostatic side-chain patterns as powerful and customizable peptide modalities to program nanoparticle self-assembly and alter cellular response in biological context.}, author = {Huang, Richard H. and Nayeem, Nazia and He, Ye and Morales, Jorge and Graham, Duncan and Klajn, Rafal and Contel, Maria and O'Brien, Stephen and Ulijn, Rein V.}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Self‐complementary zwitterionic peptides direct nanoparticle assembly and enable enzymatic selection of endocytic pathways}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.202104962}, volume = {34}, year = {2022}, } @article{10123, abstract = {Solution synthesis of particles emerged as an alternative to prepare thermoelectric materials with less demanding processing conditions than conventional solid-state synthetic methods. However, solution synthesis generally involves the presence of additional molecules or ions belonging to the precursors or added to enable solubility and/or regulate nucleation and growth. These molecules or ions can end up in the particles as surface adsorbates and interfere in the material properties. This work demonstrates that ionic adsorbates, in particular Na⁺ ions, are electrostatically adsorbed in SnSe particles synthesized in water and play a crucial role not only in directing the material nano/microstructure but also in determining the transport properties of the consolidated material. In dense pellets prepared by sintering SnSe particles, Na remains within the crystal lattice as dopant, in dislocations, precipitates, and forming grain boundary complexions. These results highlight the importance of considering all the possible unintentional impurities to establish proper structure-property relationships and control material properties in solution-processed thermoelectric materials.}, author = {Liu, Yu and Calcabrini, Mariano and Yu, Yuan and Genç, Aziz and Chang, Cheng and Costanzo, Tommaso and Kleinhanns, Tobias and Lee, Seungho and Llorca, Jordi and Cojocaru‐Mirédin, Oana and Ibáñez, Maria}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {mechanical engineering, mechanics of materials, general materials science}, number = {52}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{The importance of surface adsorbates in solution‐processed thermoelectric materials: The case of SnSe}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.202106858}, volume = {33}, year = {2021}, } @article{7541, abstract = {Semiconductor nanowires have been playing a crucial role in the development of nanoscale devices for the realization of spin qubits, Majorana fermions, single photon emitters, nanoprocessors, etc. The monolithic growth of site‐controlled nanowires is a prerequisite toward the next generation of devices that will require addressability and scalability. Here, combining top‐down nanofabrication and bottom‐up self‐assembly, the growth of Ge wires on prepatterned Si (001) substrates with controllable position, distance, length, and structure is reported. This is achieved by a novel growth process that uses a SiGe strain‐relaxation template and can be potentially generalized to other material combinations. Transport measurements show an electrically tunable spin–orbit coupling, with a spin–orbit length similar to that of III–V materials. Also, charge sensing between quantum dots in closely spaced wires is observed, which underlines their potential for the realization of advanced quantum devices. The reported results open a path toward scalable qubit devices using nanowires on silicon.}, author = {Gao, Fei and Wang, Jian-Huan and Watzinger, Hannes and Hu, Hao and Rančić, Marko J. and Zhang, Jie-Yin and Wang, Ting and Yao, Yuan and Wang, Gui-Lei and Kukucka, Josip and Vukušić, Lada and Kloeffel, Christoph and Loss, Daniel and Liu, Feng and Katsaros, Georgios and Zhang, Jian-Jun}, issn = {0935-9648}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, number = {16}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Site-controlled uniform Ge/Si hut wires with electrically tunable spin-orbit coupling}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.201906523}, volume = {32}, year = {2020}, } @article{13366, abstract = {The ability to reversibly assemble nanoparticles using light is both fundamentally interesting and important for applications ranging from reversible data storage to controlled drug delivery. Here, the diverse approaches that have so far been developed to control the self-assembly of nanoparticles using light are reviewed and compared. These approaches include functionalizing nanoparticles with monolayers of photoresponsive molecules, placing them in photoresponsive media capable of reversibly protonating the particles under light, and decorating plasmonic nanoparticles with thermoresponsive polymers, to name just a few. The applicability of these methods to larger, micrometer-sized particles is also discussed. Finally, several perspectives on further developments in the field are offered.}, author = {Bian, Tong and Chu, Zonglin and Klajn, Rafal}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, number = {20}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{The many ways to assemble nanoparticles using light}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.201905866}, volume = {32}, year = {2019}, } @article{9066, abstract = {The novel electronic state of the canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator, strontium iridate (Sr2IrO4) has been well described by the spin-orbit-entangled isospin Jeff = 1/2, but the role of isospin in transport phenomena remains poorly understood. In this study, antiferromagnet-based spintronic functionality is demonstrated by combining unique characteristics of the isospin state in Sr2IrO4. Based on magnetic and transport measurements, large and highly anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) is obtained by manipulating the antiferromagnetic isospin domains. First-principles calculations suggest that electrons whose isospin directions are strongly coupled to in-plane net magnetic moment encounter the isospin mismatch when moving across antiferromagnetic domain boundaries, which generates a high resistance state. By rotating a magnetic field that aligns in-plane net moments and removes domain boundaries, the macroscopically-ordered isospins govern dynamic transport through the system, which leads to the extremely angle-sensitive AMR. As with this work that establishes a link between isospins and magnetotransport in strongly spin-orbit-coupled AFM Sr2IrO4, the peculiar AMR effect provides a beneficial foundation for fundamental and applied research on AFM spintronics.}, author = {Lee, Nara and Ko, Eunjung and Choi, Hwan Young and Hong, Yun Jeong and Nauman, Muhammad and Kang, Woun and Choi, Hyoung Joon and Choi, Young Jai and Jo, Younjung}, issn = {0935-9648}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, General Materials Science, Mechanics of Materials}, number = {52}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Antiferromagnet‐based spintronic functionality by controlling isospin domains in a layered perovskite iridate}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.201805564}, volume = {30}, year = {2018}, } @article{13375, abstract = {Dissipative self-assembly leads to structures and materials that exist away from equilibrium by continuously exchanging energy and materials with the external environment. Although this mode of self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature, where it gives rise to functions such as signal processing, motility, self-healing, self-replication, and ultimately life, examples of dissipative self-assembly processes in man-made systems are few and far between. Herein, recent progress in developing diverse synthetic dissipative self-assembly systems is discussed. The systems reported thus far can be categorized into three classes, in which: i) the fuel chemically modifies the building blocks, thus triggering their self-assembly, ii) the fuel acts as a template interacting with the building blocks noncovalently, and iii) transient states are induced by the addition of two mutually exclusive stimuli. These early studies give rise to materials that would be difficult to obtain otherwise, including hydrogels with programmable lifetimes, vesicular nanoreactors, and membranes exhibiting transient conductivity.}, author = {De, Soumen and Klajn, Rafal}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, number = {41}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Dissipative self-assembly driven by the consumption of chemical fuels}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.201706750}, volume = {30}, year = {2018}, } @article{5990, abstract = {A Ge–Si core–shell nanowire is used to realize a Josephson field‐effect transistor with highly transparent contacts to superconducting leads. By changing the electric field, access to two distinct regimes, not combined before in a single device, is gained: in the accumulation mode the device is highly transparent and the supercurrent is carried by multiple subbands, while near depletion, the supercurrent is carried by single‐particle levels of a strongly coupled quantum dot operating in the few‐hole regime. These results establish Ge–Si nanowires as an important platform for hybrid superconductor–semiconductor physics and Majorana fermions.}, author = {Ridderbos, Joost and Brauns, Matthias and Shen, Jie and de Vries, Folkert K. and Li, Ang and Bakkers, Erik P. A. M. and Brinkman, Alexander and Zwanenburg, Floris A.}, issn = {0935-9648}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, number = {44}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Josephson effect in a few-hole quantum dot}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.201802257}, volume = {30}, year = {2018}, } @article{13406, abstract = {Dual-responsive nanoparticles are designed by functionalizing magnetic cores with light-responsive ligands. These materials respond to both light and magnetic fields and can be assembled into various higher-order structures, depending on the relative contributions of these two stimuli.}, author = {Das, Sanjib and Ranjan, Priyadarshi and Maiti, Pradipta Sankar and Singh, Gurvinder and Leitus, Gregory and Klajn, Rafal}, issn = {0935-9648}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, number = {3}, pages = {422--426}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Dual-responsive nanoparticles and their self-assembly}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.201201734}, volume = {25}, year = {2013}, } @article{13419, abstract = {Reaction-diffusion (RD) processes initiated from the surfaces of mesoscopic particles can fabricate complex core-and-shell structures. The propagation of a sharp RD front selectively removes metal colloids or nanoparticles from the supporting gel or polymer matrix. Once fabricated, the core structures can be processed “remotely” via galvanic replacement reactions, and the composite particles can be assembled into open-lattice crystals.}, author = {Wesson, Paul J. and Soh, Siowling and Klajn, Rafal and Bishop, Kyle J. M. and Gray, Timothy P. and Grzybowski, Bartosz A.}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, number = {19}, pages = {1911--1915}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{“Remote” fabrication via three-dimensional reaction-diffusion: Making complex core-and-shell particles and assembling them into open-lattice crystals}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.200802964}, volume = {21}, year = {2009}, } @article{13431, abstract = {Hydrogel stamps can microstructure solid surfaces, i.e., modify the surface topology of metals, glasses, and crystals. It is demonstrated that stamps soaked in an appropriate etchant can remove material with micrometer-scale precision. The Figure shows an array of concentric circles etched in glass using the immersion wet stamping process described (scale bar: 500 μm).}, author = {Smoukov, S. K. and Bishop, K. J. M. and Klajn, Rafal and Campbell, C. J. and Grzybowski, B. A.}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, number = {11}, pages = {1361--1365}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Cutting into solids with micropatterned gels}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.200402086}, volume = {17}, year = {2005}, } @article{13434, abstract = {Thin films of ionically doped gelatin have been color-patterned with submicrometer precision using the wet-stamping technique. Inorganic salts are delivered onto the gelatin surface from an agarose stamp, and diffuse into the gelatine layer, producting deeply colored precipitates. Reaction fronts originating from different features of the stamp cease within < 1 μm of each other, leaving sharp, transparent regions in between.}, author = {Campbell, C. J. and Fialkowski, M. and Klajn, Rafal and Bensemann, I. T. and Grzybowski, B. A.}, issn = {1521-4095}, journal = {Advanced Materials}, keywords = {Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}, number = {21}, pages = {1912--1917}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Color micro- and nanopatterning with counter-propagating reaction-diffusion fronts}}, doi = {10.1002/adma.200400383}, volume = {16}, year = {2004}, }