---
_id: '9392'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Humans conceptualize the diversity of life by classifying individuals into
types we call ‘species’1. The species we recognize influence political and financial
decisions and guide our understanding of how units of diversity evolve and interact.
Although the idea of species may seem intuitive, a debate about the best way to
define them has raged even before Darwin2. So much energy has been devoted to
the so-called ‘species problem’ that no amount of discourse will ever likely solve
it2,3. Dozens of species concepts are currently recognized3, but we lack a concrete
understanding of how much researchers actually disagree and the factors that cause
them to think differently1,2. To address this, we used a survey to quantify the
species problem for the first time. The results indicate that the disagreement
is extensive: two randomly chosen respondents will most likely disagree on the
nature of species. The probability of disagreement is not predicted by researcher
experience or broad study system, but tended to be lower among researchers with
similar focus, training and who study the same organism. Should we see this diversity
of perspectives as a problem? We argue that we should not.'
acknowledgement: We thank Christopher Cooney, Martin Garlovsky, Anja M. Westram, Carina
Baskett, Stefanie Belohlavy, Michal Hledik, Arka Pal, Nicholas H. Barton, Roger
K. Butlin and members of the University of Sheffield Speciation Journal Club for
feedback on draft survey questions and/or comments on a draft manuscript. Three
anonymous reviewers gave thoughtful feedback that improved the manuscript. We thank
Ahmad Nadeem, who was paid to build the Shiny app. We are especially grateful to
everyone who took part in the survey. Ethical approval for the survey was obtained
through the University of Sheffield Ethics Review Procedure (Application 029768).
S.S. was supported by a NERC grant awarded to Roger K. Butlin.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sean
full_name: Stankowski, Sean
id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E
last_name: Stankowski
- first_name: Mark
full_name: Ravinet, Mark
last_name: Ravinet
citation:
ama: Stankowski S, Ravinet M. Quantifying the use of species concepts. Current
Biology. 2021;31(9):R428-R429. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.060
apa: Stankowski, S., & Ravinet, M. (2021). Quantifying the use of species concepts.
Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.060
chicago: Stankowski, Sean, and Mark Ravinet. “Quantifying the Use of Species Concepts.”
Current Biology. Cell Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.060.
ieee: S. Stankowski and M. Ravinet, “Quantifying the use of species concepts,” Current
Biology, vol. 31, no. 9. Cell Press, pp. R428–R429, 2021.
ista: Stankowski S, Ravinet M. 2021. Quantifying the use of species concepts. Current
Biology. 31(9), R428–R429.
mla: Stankowski, Sean, and Mark Ravinet. “Quantifying the Use of Species Concepts.”
Current Biology, vol. 31, no. 9, Cell Press, 2021, pp. R428–29, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.060.
short: S. Stankowski, M. Ravinet, Current Biology 31 (2021) R428–R429.
date_created: 2021-05-16T22:01:46Z
date_published: 2021-05-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:34:38Z
day: '10'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.060
external_id:
isi:
- '000654741200004'
pmid:
- '33974865'
intvolume: ' 31'
isi: 1
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.060
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: R428-R429
pmid: 1
publication: Current Biology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '18790445'
issn:
- '09609822'
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Quantifying the use of species concepts
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 31
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9387'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We report the complete analysis of a deterministic model of deleterious mutations
and negative selection against them at two haploid loci without recombination.
As long as mutation is a weaker force than selection, mutant alleles remain rare
at the only stable equilibrium, and otherwise, a variety of dynamics are possible.
If the mutation-free genotype is absent, generally the only stable equilibrium
is the one that corresponds to fixation of the mutant allele at the locus where
it is less deleterious. This result suggests that fixation of a deleterious allele
that follows a click of the Muller’s ratchet is governed by natural selection,
instead of random drift.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant N
16-14-10173.
article_number: '110729'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Kseniia
full_name: Khudiakova, Kseniia
id: 4E6DC800-AE37-11E9-AC72-31CAE5697425
last_name: Khudiakova
orcid: 0000-0002-6246-1465
- first_name: Tatiana Yu.
full_name: Neretina, Tatiana Yu.
last_name: Neretina
- first_name: Alexey S.
full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey S.
last_name: Kondrashov
citation:
ama: Khudiakova K, Neretina TY, Kondrashov AS. Two linked loci under mutation-selection
balance and Muller’s ratchet. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 2021;524.
doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110729
apa: Khudiakova, K., Neretina, T. Y., & Kondrashov, A. S. (2021). Two linked
loci under mutation-selection balance and Muller’s ratchet. Journal of Theoretical
Biology. Elsevier . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110729
chicago: Khudiakova, Kseniia, Tatiana Yu. Neretina, and Alexey S. Kondrashov. “Two
Linked Loci under Mutation-Selection Balance and Muller’s Ratchet.” Journal
of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier , 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110729.
ieee: K. Khudiakova, T. Y. Neretina, and A. S. Kondrashov, “Two linked loci under
mutation-selection balance and Muller’s ratchet,” Journal of Theoretical Biology,
vol. 524. Elsevier , 2021.
ista: Khudiakova K, Neretina TY, Kondrashov AS. 2021. Two linked loci under mutation-selection
balance and Muller’s ratchet. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 524, 110729.
mla: Khudiakova, Kseniia, et al. “Two Linked Loci under Mutation-Selection Balance
and Muller’s Ratchet.” Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol. 524, 110729,
Elsevier , 2021, doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110729.
short: K. Khudiakova, T.Y. Neretina, A.S. Kondrashov, Journal of Theoretical Biology
524 (2021).
date_created: 2021-05-12T05:58:42Z
date_published: 2021-04-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:32:40Z
day: '24'
department:
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110729
external_id:
isi:
- '000659161500002'
intvolume: ' 524'
isi: 1
keyword:
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Modelling and Simulation
- Statistics and Probability
- General Immunology and Microbiology
- Applied Mathematics
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
- General Medicine
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/477489v1
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Journal of Theoretical Biology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0022-5193
publication_status: published
publisher: 'Elsevier '
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Two linked loci under mutation-selection balance and Muller’s ratchet
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 524
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12987'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Chromosomal inversion polymorphisms, segments of chromosomes that are flipped
in orientation and occur in reversed order in some individuals, have long been
recognized to play an important role in local adaptation. They can reduce recombination
in heterozygous individuals and thus help to maintain sets of locally adapted
alleles. In a wide range of organisms, populations adapted to different habitats
differ in frequency of inversion arrangements. However, getting a full understanding
of the importance of inversions for adaptation requires confirmation of their
influence on traits under divergent selection. Here, we studied a marine snail,
Littorina saxatilis, that has evolved ecotypes adapted to wave exposure or crab
predation. These two types occur in close proximity on different parts of the
shore. Gene flow between them exists in contact zones. However, they exhibit strong
phenotypic divergence in several traits under habitat-specific selection, including
size, shape and behaviour. We used crosses between these ecotypes to identify
genomic regions that explain variation in these traits by using QTL analysis and
variance partitioning across linkage groups. We could show that previously detected
inversion regions contribute to adaptive divergence. Some inversions influenced
multiple traits suggesting that they contain sets of locally adaptive alleles.
Our study also identified regions without known inversions that are important
for phenotypic divergence. Thus, we provide a more complete overview of the importance
of inversions in relation to the remaining genome.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Koch, Eva
last_name: Koch
- first_name: Hernán E.
full_name: Morales, Hernán E.
last_name: Morales
- first_name: Jenny
full_name: Larsson, Jenny
last_name: Larsson
- first_name: Anja M
full_name: Westram, Anja M
id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Westram
orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969
- first_name: Rui
full_name: Faria, Rui
last_name: Faria
- first_name: Alan R.
full_name: Lemmon, Alan R.
last_name: Lemmon
- first_name: E. Moriarty
full_name: Lemmon, E. Moriarty
last_name: Lemmon
- first_name: Kerstin
full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin
last_name: Johannesson
- first_name: Roger K.
full_name: Butlin, Roger K.
last_name: Butlin
citation:
ama: 'Koch E, Morales HE, Larsson J, et al. Data from: Genetic variation for adaptive
traits is associated with polymorphic inversions in Littorina saxatilis. 2021.
doi:10.5061/DRYAD.ZGMSBCCB4'
apa: 'Koch, E., Morales, H. E., Larsson, J., Westram, A. M., Faria, R., Lemmon,
A. R., … Butlin, R. K. (2021). Data from: Genetic variation for adaptive traits
is associated with polymorphic inversions in Littorina saxatilis. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.ZGMSBCCB4'
chicago: 'Koch, Eva, Hernán E. Morales, Jenny Larsson, Anja M Westram, Rui Faria,
Alan R. Lemmon, E. Moriarty Lemmon, Kerstin Johannesson, and Roger K. Butlin.
“Data from: Genetic Variation for Adaptive Traits Is Associated with Polymorphic
Inversions in Littorina Saxatilis.” Dryad, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.ZGMSBCCB4.'
ieee: 'E. Koch et al., “Data from: Genetic variation for adaptive traits
is associated with polymorphic inversions in Littorina saxatilis.” Dryad, 2021.'
ista: 'Koch E, Morales HE, Larsson J, Westram AM, Faria R, Lemmon AR, Lemmon EM,
Johannesson K, Butlin RK. 2021. Data from: Genetic variation for adaptive traits
is associated with polymorphic inversions in Littorina saxatilis, Dryad, 10.5061/DRYAD.ZGMSBCCB4.'
mla: 'Koch, Eva, et al. Data from: Genetic Variation for Adaptive Traits Is Associated
with Polymorphic Inversions in Littorina Saxatilis. Dryad, 2021, doi:10.5061/DRYAD.ZGMSBCCB4.'
short: E. Koch, H.E. Morales, J. Larsson, A.M. Westram, R. Faria, A.R. Lemmon, E.M.
Lemmon, K. Johannesson, R.K. Butlin, (2021).
date_created: 2023-05-16T12:34:09Z
date_published: 2021-04-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:34:07Z
day: '10'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.5061/DRYAD.ZGMSBCCB4
has_accepted_license: '1'
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.zgmsbccb4
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Dryad
related_material:
record:
- id: '9394'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: 'Data from: Genetic variation for adaptive traits is associated with polymorphic
inversions in Littorina saxatilis'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_0.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)
short: CC0 (1.0)
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9408'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present a computational design system that assists users to model, optimize,
and fabricate quad-robots with soft skins. Our system addresses the challenging
task of predicting their physical behavior by fully integrating the multibody
dynamics of the mechanical skeleton and the elastic behavior of the soft skin.
The developed motion control strategy uses an alternating optimization scheme
to avoid expensive full space time-optimization, interleaving space-time optimization
for the skeleton, and frame-by-frame optimization for the full dynamics. The output
are motor torques to drive the robot to achieve a user prescribed motion trajectory.
We also provide a collection of convenient engineering tools and empirical manufacturing
guidance to support the fabrication of the designed quad-robot. We validate the
feasibility of designs generated with our system through physics simulations and
with a physically-fabricated prototype.
acknowledgement: The authors would like to thank anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments. Weiwei Xu is partially supported by Zhejiang Lab. Yin Yang is partially
spported by NSF under Grant Nos. CHS 1845024 and 1717972. Weiwei Xu and Hujun Bao
are supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. This project
has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European
Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No 715767).
article_number: 2881-2895
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Xudong
full_name: Feng, Xudong
last_name: Feng
- first_name: Jiafeng
full_name: Liu, Jiafeng
last_name: Liu
- first_name: Huamin
full_name: Wang, Huamin
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Yin
full_name: Yang, Yin
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Hujun
full_name: Bao, Hujun
last_name: Bao
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
- first_name: Weiwei
full_name: Xu, Weiwei
last_name: Xu
citation:
ama: Feng X, Liu J, Wang H, et al. Computational design of skinned Quad-Robots.
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 2021;27(6). doi:10.1109/TVCG.2019.2957218
apa: Feng, X., Liu, J., Wang, H., Yang, Y., Bao, H., Bickel, B., & Xu, W. (2021).
Computational design of skinned Quad-Robots. IEEE Transactions on Visualization
and Computer Graphics. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2957218
chicago: Feng, Xudong, Jiafeng Liu, Huamin Wang, Yin Yang, Hujun Bao, Bernd Bickel,
and Weiwei Xu. “Computational Design of Skinned Quad-Robots.” IEEE Transactions
on Visualization and Computer Graphics. IEEE, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2957218.
ieee: X. Feng et al., “Computational design of skinned Quad-Robots,” IEEE
Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 27, no. 6. IEEE,
2021.
ista: Feng X, Liu J, Wang H, Yang Y, Bao H, Bickel B, Xu W. 2021. Computational
design of skinned Quad-Robots. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer
Graphics. 27(6), 2881–2895.
mla: Feng, Xudong, et al. “Computational Design of Skinned Quad-Robots.” IEEE
Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 27, no. 6, 2881–2895,
IEEE, 2021, doi:10.1109/TVCG.2019.2957218.
short: X. Feng, J. Liu, H. Wang, Y. Yang, H. Bao, B. Bickel, W. Xu, IEEE Transactions
on Visualization and Computer Graphics 27 (2021).
date_created: 2021-05-23T22:01:42Z
date_published: 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:45:46Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2019.2957218
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000649620700009'
pmid:
- '31804937'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a78e6ac94e33ade4ffaea66943d5f7dc
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2021-05-25T15:08:49Z
date_updated: 2021-05-25T15:08:49Z
file_id: '9427'
file_name: 2021_TVCG_Feng.pdf
file_size: 6183002
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-05-25T15:08:49Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 27'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '715767'
name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
Modeling'
publication: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '10772626'
issn:
- '19410506'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Computational design of skinned Quad-Robots
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 27
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9410'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Antibiotic concentrations vary dramatically in the body and the environment.
Hence, understanding the dynamics of resistance evolution along antibiotic concentration
gradients is critical for predicting and slowing the emergence and spread of resistance.
While it has been shown that increasing the concentration of an antibiotic slows
resistance evolution, how adaptation to one antibiotic concentration correlates
with fitness at other points along the gradient has not received much attention.
Here, we selected populations of Escherichia coli at several points along a concentration
gradient for three different antibiotics, asking how rapidly resistance evolved
and whether populations became specialized to the antibiotic concentration they
were selected on. Populations selected at higher concentrations evolved resistance
more slowly but exhibited equal or higher fitness across the whole gradient. Populations
selected at lower concentrations evolved resistance rapidly, but overall fitness
in the presence of antibiotics was lower. However, these populations readily adapted
to higher concentrations upon subsequent selection. Our results indicate that
resistance management strategies must account not only for the rates of resistance
evolution but also for the fitness of evolved strains.
acknowledgement: We would like to thank Martin Ackermann, Camilo Barbosa, Nick Barton,
Jonathan Bollback, Sebastian Bonhoeffer, Nick Colegrave, Calin Guet, Alex Hall,
Sally Otto, Tiago Paixao, Srdjan Sarikas, Hinrich Schulenburg, Marjon de Vos and
Michael Whitlock for insightful support.
article_number: '20200913'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Mato
full_name: Lagator, Mato
id: 345D25EC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lagator
- first_name: Hildegard
full_name: Uecker, Hildegard
id: 2DB8F68A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Uecker
orcid: 0000-0001-9435-2813
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Neve, Paul
last_name: Neve
citation:
ama: Lagator M, Uecker H, Neve P. Adaptation at different points along antibiotic
concentration gradients. Biology letters. 2021;17(5). doi:10.1098/rsbl.2020.0913
apa: Lagator, M., Uecker, H., & Neve, P. (2021). Adaptation at different points
along antibiotic concentration gradients. Biology Letters. Royal Society
of London. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0913
chicago: Lagator, Mato, Hildegard Uecker, and Paul Neve. “Adaptation at Different
Points along Antibiotic Concentration Gradients.” Biology Letters. Royal
Society of London, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0913.
ieee: M. Lagator, H. Uecker, and P. Neve, “Adaptation at different points along
antibiotic concentration gradients,” Biology letters, vol. 17, no. 5. Royal
Society of London, 2021.
ista: Lagator M, Uecker H, Neve P. 2021. Adaptation at different points along antibiotic
concentration gradients. Biology letters. 17(5), 20200913.
mla: Lagator, Mato, et al. “Adaptation at Different Points along Antibiotic Concentration
Gradients.” Biology Letters, vol. 17, no. 5, 20200913, Royal Society of
London, 2021, doi:10.1098/rsbl.2020.0913.
short: M. Lagator, H. Uecker, P. Neve, Biology Letters 17 (2021).
date_created: 2021-05-23T22:01:43Z
date_published: 2021-05-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:44:35Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0913
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000651501400001'
pmid:
- ' 33975485'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 9c13c1f5af7609c97c741f11d293188a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2021-05-25T14:09:03Z
date_updated: 2021-05-25T14:09:03Z
file_id: '9425'
file_name: 2021_BiologyLetters_Lagator.pdf
file_size: 726759
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-05-25T14:09:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 17'
isi: 1
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '250152'
name: Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation
publication: Biology letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1744957X
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of London
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Adaptation at different points along antibiotic concentration gradients
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 17
year: '2021'
...