---
_id: '2479'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Distribution of putative glutamatergic neurons in the lower brainstem and
cerebellum of the rat was examined immunocytochemically by using a monoclonal
antibody against phosphate-activated glutaminase, which has been proposed to be
a major synthetic enzyme of transmitter glutamate and so may serve as a marker
for glutamatergic neurons in the central nervous system. Intensely-immunolabeled
neuronal cell bodies were densely distributed in the main precerebellar nuclei
sending mossy fibers to the cerebellum; in the pontine nuclei, pontine tegmental
reticular nucleus of Bechterew, external cuneate nucleus, and lateral reticular
nucleus of the medulla oblongata. Phosphate-activated glutaminase-immunoreactive
granular deposits were densely seen in the brachium pontis and restiform body,
suggesting the immunolabeling of mossy fibers of passage. In the cerebellum, neuropil
within the granule cell layer of the cerebellar cortex displayed intense phosphate-activated
glutaminase-immunoreactivity, and that within the deep cerebellar nuclei showed
moderate immunoreactivity. These results indicate that many mossy fiber terminals
originate from phosphate-activated glutaminase-containing neurons and utilize
phosphate-activated glutaminase for the synthesis of transmitter glutamate. Intensely-immunostained
neuronal cell bodies were further observed in other regions which have been reported
to contain neurons sending mossy fibers to the cerebellum; in the dorsal part
of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus, dorsomedial part of the oral subnucleus
of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, interpolar subnucleus of the spinal trigeminal
nucleus, paratrigeminal nucleus, supragenual nucleus, regions dorsal to the abducens
nucleus and genu of the facial nerve, superior and medial vestibular nuclei, cell
groups f, x and y, hypoglossal prepositus nucleus, intercalated nucleus, nucleus
of Roller, reticular regions intercalated between the motor trigeminal and principal
sensory trigeminal nuclei, linear nucleus, and gigantocellular and paramedian
reticular formation. Neuronal cell bodies with intense phosphate-activated glutaminase-immunoreactivity
were also found in other brainstem regions, such as the paracochlear glial substance,
posterior ventral cochlear nucleus, and cell group e. Although it is still controversial
whether all glutamatergic neurons use phosphate-activated glutaminase in a transmitter-related
process and whether phosphate-activated glutaminase is involved in other metabolism-related
processes, the neurons showing intense phosphate-activated glutaminase-immuno-reactivity
in the present study were suggested to be putative glutamatergic neurons.
acknowledgement: 'The authors wish to thank Mr. Akira Uesugi and Mr. Ken’ichi Uesugi
for their photographic help. This work was partly supported by grants-in-aid from
the Ministry of Education, science and Culture of Japan for Special Project Research
63112003. Special Research Project on Priority-Areas 63623505, Special Research
62480098 and Encouragement of Young Scientist 63770043. The support of the Niwa
Medical Research Foundation, Dr. Satoru Fukuchi, Dr. Toshio Fukuda, Dr. Ritsu Hayashi,
Dr. Yutaka Kitani, Dr. Hiroshi Matsushima, Dr. Gonpei Niwa, Dr. Hiroyasu Ohtsuka,
Dr. Shigeo Tamaki, and Dr. Eizo Watanabe are gratefully acknowledged. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Takeshi
full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi
last_name: Kaneko
- first_name: Kazuo
full_name: Itoh, Kazuo
last_name: Itoh
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Noboru
full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
last_name: Mizuno
citation:
ama: Kaneko T, Itoh K, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. Glutaminase-like immunoreactivity
in the lower brainstem and cerebellum of the adult rat. Neuroscience. 1989;32(1):79-98.
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(89)90109-7
apa: Kaneko, T., Itoh, K., Shigemoto, R., & Mizuno, N. (1989). Glutaminase-like
immunoreactivity in the lower brainstem and cerebellum of the adult rat. Neuroscience.
Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(89)90109-7
chicago: Kaneko, Takeshi, Kazuo Itoh, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Noboru Mizuno. “Glutaminase-like
Immunoreactivity in the Lower Brainstem and Cerebellum of the Adult Rat.” Neuroscience.
Elsevier, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(89)90109-7.
ieee: T. Kaneko, K. Itoh, R. Shigemoto, and N. Mizuno, “Glutaminase-like immunoreactivity
in the lower brainstem and cerebellum of the adult rat,” Neuroscience,
vol. 32, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 79–98, 1989.
ista: Kaneko T, Itoh K, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. 1989. Glutaminase-like immunoreactivity
in the lower brainstem and cerebellum of the adult rat. Neuroscience. 32(1), 79–98.
mla: Kaneko, Takeshi, et al. “Glutaminase-like Immunoreactivity in the Lower Brainstem
and Cerebellum of the Adult Rat.” Neuroscience, vol. 32, no. 1, Elsevier,
1989, pp. 79–98, doi:10.1016/0306-4522(89)90109-7.
short: T. Kaneko, K. Itoh, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience 32 (1989) 79–98.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:54Z
date_published: 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-02-15T09:47:08Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(89)90109-7
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '2586753'
intvolume: ' 32'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0306452289901097?via%3Dihub
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 79 - 98
pmid: 1
publication: Neuroscience
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1873-7544
issn:
- 0306-4522
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4422'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Glutaminase-like immunoreactivity in the lower brainstem and cerebellum of
the adult rat
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 32
year: '1989'
...