--- _id: '12514' abstract: - lang: eng text: The concept of a “speciation continuum” has gained popularity in recent decades. It emphasizes speciation as a continuous process that may be studied by comparing contemporary population pairs that show differing levels of divergence. In their recent perspective article in Evolution, Stankowski and Ravinet provided a valuable service by formally defining the speciation continuum as a continuum of reproductive isolation, based on opinions gathered from a survey of speciation researchers. While we agree that the speciation continuum has been a useful concept to advance the understanding of the speciation process, some intrinsic limitations exist. Here, we advocate for a multivariate extension, the speciation hypercube, first proposed by Dieckmann et al. in 2004, but rarely used since. We extend the idea of the speciation cube and suggest it has strong conceptual and practical advantages over a one-dimensional model. We illustrate how the speciation hypercube can be used to visualize and compare different speciation trajectories, providing new insights into the processes and mechanisms of speciation. A key strength of the speciation hypercube is that it provides a unifying framework for speciation research, as it allows questions from apparently disparate subfields to be addressed in a single conceptual model. acknowledgement: "The authors of this article were supported by LMU Munich (J.B.W.W.), a James S. McDonnell Foundation postdoctoral fellowship (A.K.H.). P.N. received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant agreement No. 770826 EE-Dynamics).\r\nWe thank participants in the 2019 Gordon Conference on Speciation for the extensive conversation on this topic. Thanks to Dan Funk for providing permission to use data from Funk et al. 2006, and for comments on the manuscript." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Daniel I. full_name: Bolnick, Daniel I. last_name: Bolnick - first_name: Amanda K. full_name: Hund, Amanda K. last_name: Hund - first_name: Patrik full_name: Nosil, Patrik last_name: Nosil - first_name: Foen full_name: Peng, Foen last_name: Peng - first_name: Mark full_name: Ravinet, Mark last_name: Ravinet - first_name: Sean full_name: Stankowski, Sean id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E last_name: Stankowski - first_name: Swapna full_name: Subramanian, Swapna last_name: Subramanian - first_name: Jochen B.W. full_name: Wolf, Jochen B.W. last_name: Wolf - first_name: Roman full_name: Yukilevich, Roman last_name: Yukilevich citation: ama: 'Bolnick DI, Hund AK, Nosil P, et al. A multivariate view of the speciation continuum. Evolution: International journal of organic evolution. 2023;77(1):318-328. doi:10.1093/evolut/qpac004' apa: 'Bolnick, D. I., Hund, A. K., Nosil, P., Peng, F., Ravinet, M., Stankowski, S., … Yukilevich, R. (2023). A multivariate view of the speciation continuum. Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac004' chicago: 'Bolnick, Daniel I., Amanda K. Hund, Patrik Nosil, Foen Peng, Mark Ravinet, Sean Stankowski, Swapna Subramanian, Jochen B.W. Wolf, and Roman Yukilevich. “A Multivariate View of the Speciation Continuum.” Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac004.' ieee: 'D. I. Bolnick et al., “A multivariate view of the speciation continuum,” Evolution: International journal of organic evolution, vol. 77, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 318–328, 2023.' ista: 'Bolnick DI, Hund AK, Nosil P, Peng F, Ravinet M, Stankowski S, Subramanian S, Wolf JBW, Yukilevich R. 2023. A multivariate view of the speciation continuum. Evolution: International journal of organic evolution. 77(1), 318–328.' mla: 'Bolnick, Daniel I., et al. “A Multivariate View of the Speciation Continuum.” Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 77, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2023, pp. 318–28, doi:10.1093/evolut/qpac004.' short: 'D.I. Bolnick, A.K. Hund, P. Nosil, F. Peng, M. Ravinet, S. Stankowski, S. Subramanian, J.B.W. Wolf, R. Yukilevich, Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution 77 (2023) 318–328.' date_created: 2023-02-05T23:00:59Z date_published: 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-01T12:58:30Z day: '01' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1093/evolut/qpac004 external_id: isi: - '001021686300024' pmid: - '36622661' intvolume: ' 77' isi: 1 issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac004 month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 318-328 pmid: 1 publication: 'Evolution: International journal of organic evolution' publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: A multivariate view of the speciation continuum type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 77 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14604' abstract: - lang: eng text: Sex chromosomes have evolved independently multiple times, but why some are conserved for more than 100 million years whereas others turnover rapidly remains an open question. Here, we examine the homology of sex chromosomes across nine orders of insects, plus the outgroup springtails. We find that the X chromosome is likely homologous across insects and springtails; the only exception is in the Lepidoptera, which has lost the X and now has a ZZ/ZW sex-chromosome system. These results suggest the ancestral insect X chromosome has persisted for more than 450 million years—the oldest known sex chromosome to date. Further, we propose that the shrinking of gene content the dipteran X chromosome has allowed for a burst of sex-chromosome turnover that is absent from other speciose insect orders. acknowledgement: All computational analyses were performed on the server at Institute of Science and Technology Austria. We thank Marwan Elkrewi and Vincent Bett for analytical advice, and Tanja Schwander and Vincent Merel for useful discussions. We also thank Matthew Hahn for comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Melissa A full_name: Toups, Melissa A id: 4E099E4E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Toups orcid: 0000-0002-9752-7380 - first_name: Beatriz full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Vicoso orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306 citation: ama: Toups MA, Vicoso B. The X chromosome of insects likely predates the origin of class Insecta. Evolution. 2023;77(11):2504-2511. doi:10.1093/evolut/qpad169 apa: Toups, M. A., & Vicoso, B. (2023). The X chromosome of insects likely predates the origin of class Insecta. Evolution. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpad169 chicago: Toups, Melissa A, and Beatriz Vicoso. “The X Chromosome of Insects Likely Predates the Origin of Class Insecta.” Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpad169. ieee: M. A. Toups and B. Vicoso, “The X chromosome of insects likely predates the origin of class Insecta,” Evolution, vol. 77, no. 11. Oxford University Press, pp. 2504–2511, 2023. ista: Toups MA, Vicoso B. 2023. The X chromosome of insects likely predates the origin of class Insecta. Evolution. 77(11), 2504–2511. mla: Toups, Melissa A., and Beatriz Vicoso. “The X Chromosome of Insects Likely Predates the Origin of Class Insecta.” Evolution, vol. 77, no. 11, Oxford University Press, 2023, pp. 2504–11, doi:10.1093/evolut/qpad169. short: M.A. Toups, B. Vicoso, Evolution 77 (2023) 2504–2511. date_created: 2023-11-26T23:00:54Z date_published: 2023-11-02T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-11-28T08:25:28Z day: '02' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: BeVi doi: 10.1093/evolut/qpad169 external_id: pmid: - '37738212' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: b66dc10edae92d38918d534e64dda77c content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-11-28T08:12:15Z date_updated: 2023-11-28T08:12:15Z file_id: '14618' file_name: 2023_Evolution_Toups.pdf file_size: 1399102 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-11-28T08:12:15Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 77' issue: '11' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 2504-2511 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - relation: software url: https://git.ista.ac.at/bvicoso/veryoldx record: - id: '14616' relation: research_data status: public - id: '14617' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The X chromosome of insects likely predates the origin of class Insecta tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 77 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '11334' abstract: - lang: eng text: Hybridization is a common evolutionary process with multiple possible outcomes. In vertebrates, interspecific hybridization has repeatedly generated parthenogenetic hybrid species. However, it is unknown whether the generation of parthenogenetic hybrids is a rare outcome of frequent hybridization between sexual species within a genus or the typical outcome of rare hybridization events. Darevskia is a genus of rock lizards with both hybrid parthenogenetic and sexual species. Using capture sequencing, we estimate phylogenetic relationships and gene flow among the sexual species, to determine how introgressive hybridization relates to the origins of parthenogenetic hybrids. We find evidence for widespread hybridization with gene flow, both between recently diverged species and deep branches. Surprisingly, we find no signal of gene flow between parental species of the parthenogenetic hybrids, suggesting that the parental pairs were either reproductively or geographically isolated early in their divergence. The generation of parthenogenetic hybrids in Darevskia is, then, a rare outcome of the total occurrence of hybridization within the genus, but the typical outcome when specific species pairs hybridize. Our results question the conventional view that parthenogenetic lineages are generated by hybridization in a window of divergence. Instead, they suggest that some lineages possess specific properties that underpin successful parthenogenetic reproduction. acknowledgement: "The authors thank A. van der Meijden and F. Ahmadzadeh for providing specimens and tissue samples, and A. Vardanyan, C. Corti, F. Jorge, and S. Drovetski for support during field work. The authors also thank S. Qiu for assistance with python scripting, S. Rocha for her support in BEAST analysis, and B. Wielstra for his comments on\r\na previous version of the manuscript. SF was funded by FCT grant SFRH/BD/81483/2011 (a PhD individual grant). AMW was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 797747. TS acknowledges funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grants\r\nPP00P3_170627 and 31003A_182495). The work was carried out under financial support of the projects “Preserving Armenian biodiversity: Joint Portuguese – Armenian program for training in modern conservation biology” of Gulbenkian Foundation (Portugal) and PTDC/BIABEC/101256/2008 of Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal)." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Susana full_name: Freitas, Susana last_name: Freitas - first_name: Anja M full_name: Westram, Anja M id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Westram orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969 - first_name: Tanja full_name: Schwander, Tanja last_name: Schwander - first_name: Marine full_name: Arakelyan, Marine last_name: Arakelyan - first_name: Çetin full_name: Ilgaz, Çetin last_name: Ilgaz - first_name: Yusuf full_name: Kumlutas, Yusuf last_name: Kumlutas - first_name: David James full_name: Harris, David James last_name: Harris - first_name: Miguel A. full_name: Carretero, Miguel A. last_name: Carretero - first_name: Roger K. full_name: Butlin, Roger K. last_name: Butlin citation: ama: 'Freitas S, Westram AM, Schwander T, et al. Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization. Evolution. 2022;76(5):899-914. doi:10.1111/evo.14462' apa: 'Freitas, S., Westram, A. M., Schwander, T., Arakelyan, M., Ilgaz, Ç., Kumlutas, Y., … Butlin, R. K. (2022). Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462' chicago: 'Freitas, Susana, Anja M Westram, Tanja Schwander, Marine Arakelyan, Çetin Ilgaz, Yusuf Kumlutas, David James Harris, Miguel A. Carretero, and Roger K. Butlin. “Parthenogenesis in Darevskia Lizards: A Rare Outcome of Common Hybridization, Not a Common Outcome of Rare Hybridization.” Evolution. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462.' ieee: 'S. Freitas et al., “Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization,” Evolution, vol. 76, no. 5. Wiley, pp. 899–914, 2022.' ista: 'Freitas S, Westram AM, Schwander T, Arakelyan M, Ilgaz Ç, Kumlutas Y, Harris DJ, Carretero MA, Butlin RK. 2022. Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization. Evolution. 76(5), 899–914.' mla: 'Freitas, Susana, et al. “Parthenogenesis in Darevskia Lizards: A Rare Outcome of Common Hybridization, Not a Common Outcome of Rare Hybridization.” Evolution, vol. 76, no. 5, Wiley, 2022, pp. 899–914, doi:10.1111/evo.14462.' short: S. Freitas, A.M. Westram, T. Schwander, M. Arakelyan, Ç. Ilgaz, Y. Kumlutas, D.J. Harris, M.A. Carretero, R.K. Butlin, Evolution 76 (2022) 899–914. date_created: 2022-04-24T22:01:44Z date_published: 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-03T07:00:28Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: BeVi doi: 10.1111/evo.14462 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000781632500001' pmid: - '35323995' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: c27c025ae9afcf6c804d46a909775ee5 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2022-08-05T06:19:28Z date_updated: 2022-08-05T06:19:28Z file_id: '11729' file_name: 2022_Evolution_Freitas.pdf file_size: 2855214 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-08-05T06:19:28Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 76' isi: 1 issue: '5' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 899-914 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 265B41B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '797747' name: Theoretical and empirical approaches to understanding Parallel Adaptation publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization' tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) short: CC BY-NC (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 76 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12234' abstract: - lang: eng text: Hybrid speciation—the origin of new species resulting from the hybridization of genetically divergent lineages—was once considered rare, but genomic data suggest that it may occur more often than once thought. In this study, Noguerales and Ortego found genomic evidence supporting the hybrid origin of a grasshopper that is able to exploit a broader range of host plants than either of its putative parents. article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Sean full_name: Stankowski, Sean id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E last_name: Stankowski citation: ama: 'Stankowski S. Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species. Evolution. 2022;76(11):2784-2785. doi:10.1111/evo.14632' apa: 'Stankowski, S. (2022). Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632' chicago: 'Stankowski, Sean. “Digest: On the Origin of a Possible Hybrid Species.” Evolution. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632.' ieee: 'S. Stankowski, “Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species,” Evolution, vol. 76, no. 11. Wiley, pp. 2784–2785, 2022.' ista: 'Stankowski S. 2022. Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species. Evolution. 76(11), 2784–2785.' mla: 'Stankowski, Sean. “Digest: On the Origin of a Possible Hybrid Species.” Evolution, vol. 76, no. 11, Wiley, 2022, pp. 2784–85, doi:10.1111/evo.14632.' short: S. Stankowski, Evolution 76 (2022) 2784–2785. date_created: 2023-01-16T09:50:48Z date_published: 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-04T09:35:48Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/evo.14632 external_id: isi: - '000855751600001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 4c0f05083b414ac0323a1b9ee1abc275 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-01-27T11:28:38Z date_updated: 2023-01-27T11:28:38Z file_id: '12425' file_name: 2022_Evolution_Stankowski.pdf file_size: 287282 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-01-27T11:28:38Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 76' isi: 1 issue: '11' keyword: - General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Genetics - Ecology - Evolution - Behavior and Systematics language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 2784-2785 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species' tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 76 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12247' abstract: - lang: eng text: Chromosomal inversions have been shown to play a major role in a local adaptation by suppressing recombination between alternative arrangements and maintaining beneficial allele combinations. However, so far, their importance relative to the remaining genome remains largely unknown. Understanding the genetic architecture of adaptation requires better estimates of how loci of different effect sizes contribute to phenotypic variation. Here, we used three Swedish islands where the marine snail Littorina saxatilis has repeatedly evolved into two distinct ecotypes along a habitat transition. We estimated the contribution of inversion polymorphisms to phenotypic divergence while controlling for polygenic effects in the remaining genome using a quantitative genetics framework. We confirmed the importance of inversions but showed that contributions of loci outside inversions are of similar magnitude, with variable proportions dependent on the trait and the population. Some inversions showed consistent effects across all sites, whereas others exhibited site-specific effects, indicating that the genomic basis for replicated phenotypic divergence is only partly shared. The contributions of sexual dimorphism as well as environmental factors to phenotypic variation were significant but minor compared to inversions and polygenic background. Overall, this integrated approach provides insight into the multiple mechanisms contributing to parallel phenotypic divergence. acknowledgement: We thank everyone who helped with fieldwork, snail processing, and DNA extractions, particularly Laura Brettell, Mårten Duvetorp, Juan Galindo, Anne-Lise Liabot, Irena Senčić, and Zuzanna Zagrodzka. We also thank Rui Faria and Jenny Larsson for their contributions, with inversions and shell shape respectively. KJ was funded by the Swedish research council Vetenskapsrådet, grant number 2017-03798. R.K.B. and E.K. were funded by the European Research Council (ERC-2015-AdG-693030-BARRIERS). R.K.B. was also funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Eva L. full_name: Koch, Eva L. last_name: Koch - first_name: Mark full_name: Ravinet, Mark last_name: Ravinet - first_name: Anja M full_name: Westram, Anja M id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Westram orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969 - first_name: Kerstin full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin last_name: Johannesson - first_name: Roger K. full_name: Butlin, Roger K. last_name: Butlin citation: ama: Koch EL, Ravinet M, Westram AM, Johannesson K, Butlin RK. Genetic architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution. Evolution. 2022;76(10):2332-2346. doi:10.1111/evo.14602 apa: Koch, E. L., Ravinet, M., Westram, A. M., Johannesson, K., & Butlin, R. K. (2022). Genetic architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602 chicago: Koch, Eva L., Mark Ravinet, Anja M Westram, Kerstin Johannesson, and Roger K. Butlin. “Genetic Architecture of Repeated Phenotypic Divergence in Littorina Saxatilis Evolution.” Evolution. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602. ieee: E. L. Koch, M. Ravinet, A. M. Westram, K. Johannesson, and R. K. Butlin, “Genetic architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution,” Evolution, vol. 76, no. 10. Wiley, pp. 2332–2346, 2022. ista: Koch EL, Ravinet M, Westram AM, Johannesson K, Butlin RK. 2022. Genetic architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution. Evolution. 76(10), 2332–2346. mla: Koch, Eva L., et al. “Genetic Architecture of Repeated Phenotypic Divergence in Littorina Saxatilis Evolution.” Evolution, vol. 76, no. 10, Wiley, 2022, pp. 2332–46, doi:10.1111/evo.14602. short: E.L. Koch, M. Ravinet, A.M. Westram, K. Johannesson, R.K. Butlin, Evolution 76 (2022) 2332–2346. date_created: 2023-01-16T09:54:15Z date_published: 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-04T09:42:11Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/evo.14602 external_id: isi: - '000848449100001' pmid: - '35994296' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: defd8a4bea61cf00a3c88d4a30e2728c content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-01-30T08:45:35Z date_updated: 2023-01-30T08:45:35Z file_id: '12439' file_name: 2022_Evolution_Koch.pdf file_size: 2990581 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-01-30T08:45:35Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 76' isi: 1 issue: '10' keyword: - General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Genetics - Ecology - Evolution - Behavior and Systematics language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 2332-2346 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '13066' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Genetic architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 76 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '8743' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Montane cloud forests are areas of high endemism, and are one of the more vulnerable terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. Thus, understanding how they both contribute to the generation of biodiversity, and will respond to ongoing climate change, are important and related challenges. The widely accepted model for montane cloud forest dynamics involves upslope forcing of their range limits with global climate warming. However, limited climate data provides some support for an alternative model, where range limits are forced downslope with climate warming. Testing between these two models is challenging, due to the inherent limitations of climate and pollen records. We overcome this with an alternative source of historical information, testing between competing model predictions using genomic data and demographic analyses for a species of beetle tightly associated to an oceanic island cloud forest. Results unequivocally support the alternative model: populations that were isolated at higher elevation peaks during the Last Glacial Maximum are now in contact and hybridizing at lower elevations. Our results suggest that genomic data are a rich source of information to further understand how montane cloud forest biodiversity originates, and how it is likely to be impacted by ongoing climate change.' acknowledgement: 'This work was financed by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (CGL2017‐85718‐P), awarded to BCE, and co‐financed by FEDER. It was also supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (EQC2018‐004418‐P), awarded to BCE. AS‐C was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades through an FPU PhD fellowship (FPU014/02948). The authors thank Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (ITER), S.A for providing access to the Teide High‐Performance Computing facility (Teide‐HPC). Fieldwork was supported by collecting permit AFF 107/17 (sigma number 2017‐00572) kindly provided by the Cabildo of Tenerife. The authors wish to thank the following for field work and sample sorting and identification: A. J. Pérez‐Delgado, H. López, and C. Andújar. We also thank V. García‐Olivares for assistance with laboratory and bioinformatic work.' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Antonia full_name: Salces-Castellano, Antonia last_name: Salces-Castellano - first_name: Sean full_name: Stankowski, Sean id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E last_name: Stankowski - first_name: Paula full_name: Arribas, Paula last_name: Arribas - first_name: Jairo full_name: Patino, Jairo last_name: Patino - first_name: 'Dirk N. ' full_name: 'Karger, Dirk N. ' last_name: Karger - first_name: Roger full_name: Butlin, Roger last_name: Butlin - first_name: Brent C. full_name: Emerson, Brent C. last_name: Emerson citation: ama: Salces-Castellano A, Stankowski S, Arribas P, et al. Long-term cloud forest response to climate warming revealed by insect speciation history. Evolution. 2021;75(2):231-244. doi:10.1111/evo.14111 apa: Salces-Castellano, A., Stankowski, S., Arribas, P., Patino, J., Karger, D. N., Butlin, R., & Emerson, B. C. (2021). Long-term cloud forest response to climate warming revealed by insect speciation history. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111 chicago: Salces-Castellano, Antonia, Sean Stankowski, Paula Arribas, Jairo Patino, Dirk N. Karger, Roger Butlin, and Brent C. Emerson. “Long-Term Cloud Forest Response to Climate Warming Revealed by Insect Speciation History.” Evolution. Wiley, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111. ieee: A. Salces-Castellano et al., “Long-term cloud forest response to climate warming revealed by insect speciation history,” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 231–244, 2021. ista: Salces-Castellano A, Stankowski S, Arribas P, Patino J, Karger DN, Butlin R, Emerson BC. 2021. Long-term cloud forest response to climate warming revealed by insect speciation history. Evolution. 75(2), 231–244. mla: Salces-Castellano, Antonia, et al. “Long-Term Cloud Forest Response to Climate Warming Revealed by Insect Speciation History.” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 2, Wiley, 2021, pp. 231–44, doi:10.1111/evo.14111. short: A. Salces-Castellano, S. Stankowski, P. Arribas, J. Patino, D.N. Karger, R. Butlin, B.C. Emerson, Evolution 75 (2021) 231–244. date_created: 2020-11-08T23:01:26Z date_published: 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-04T11:09:49Z day: '01' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/evo.14111 external_id: isi: - '000583190600001' pmid: - '33078844' intvolume: ' 75' isi: 1 issue: '2' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/223937 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Submitted Version page: 231-244 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - relation: erratum url: https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14225 scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Long-term cloud forest response to climate warming revealed by insect speciation history type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 75 year: '2021' ... --- _id: '9252' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'This paper analyses the conditions for local adaptation in a metapopulation with infinitely many islands under a model of hard selection, where population size depends on local fitness. Each island belongs to one of two distinct ecological niches or habitats. Fitness is influenced by an additive trait which is under habitat‐dependent directional selection. Our analysis is based on the diffusion approximation and accounts for both genetic drift and demographic stochasticity. By neglecting linkage disequilibria, it yields the joint distribution of allele frequencies and population size on each island. We find that under hard selection, the conditions for local adaptation in a rare habitat are more restrictive for more polygenic traits: even moderate migration load per locus at very many loci is sufficient for population sizes to decline. This further reduces the efficacy of selection at individual loci due to increased drift and because smaller populations are more prone to swamping due to migration, causing a positive feedback between increasing maladaptation and declining population sizes. Our analysis also highlights the importance of demographic stochasticity, which exacerbates the decline in numbers of maladapted populations, leading to population collapse in the rare habitat at significantly lower migration than predicted by deterministic arguments.' acknowledgement: We thank the reviewers for their helpful comments, and also our colleagues, for illuminating discussions over the long gestation of this paper. article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Eniko full_name: Szep, Eniko id: 485BB5A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Szep - first_name: Himani full_name: Sachdeva, Himani id: 42377A0A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sachdeva - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Szep E, Sachdeva H, Barton NH. Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model. Evolution. 2021;75(5):1030-1045. doi:10.1111/evo.14210' apa: 'Szep, E., Sachdeva, H., & Barton, N. H. (2021). Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210' chicago: 'Szep, Eniko, Himani Sachdeva, and Nicholas H Barton. “Polygenic Local Adaptation in Metapopulations: A Stochastic Eco‐evolutionary Model.” Evolution. Wiley, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210.' ieee: 'E. Szep, H. Sachdeva, and N. H. Barton, “Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model,” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 5. Wiley, pp. 1030–1045, 2021.' ista: 'Szep E, Sachdeva H, Barton NH. 2021. Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model. Evolution. 75(5), 1030–1045.' mla: 'Szep, Eniko, et al. “Polygenic Local Adaptation in Metapopulations: A Stochastic Eco‐evolutionary Model.” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 5, Wiley, 2021, pp. 1030–45, doi:10.1111/evo.14210.' short: E. Szep, H. Sachdeva, N.H. Barton, Evolution 75 (2021) 1030–1045. date_created: 2021-03-20T08:22:10Z date_published: 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-05T15:44:06Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/evo.14210 external_id: isi: - '000636966300001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: b90fb5767d623602046fed03725e16ca content_type: application/pdf creator: kschuh date_created: 2021-08-11T13:39:19Z date_updated: 2021-08-11T13:39:19Z file_id: '9886' file_name: 2021_Evolution_Szep.pdf file_size: 734102 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2021-08-11T13:39:19Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 75' isi: 1 issue: '5' keyword: - Genetics - Ecology - Evolution - Behavior and Systematics - General Agricultural and Biological Sciences language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1030-1045 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '13062' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model' tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 75 year: '2021' ... --- _id: '9374' abstract: - lang: eng text: If there are no constraints on the process of speciation, then the number of species might be expected to match the number of available niches and this number might be indefinitely large. One possible constraint is the opportunity for allopatric divergence. In 1981, Felsenstein used a simple and elegant model to ask if there might also be genetic constraints. He showed that progress towards speciation could be described by the build‐up of linkage disequilibrium among divergently selected loci and between these loci and those contributing to other forms of reproductive isolation. Therefore, speciation is opposed by recombination, because it tends to break down linkage disequilibria. Felsenstein then introduced a crucial distinction between “two‐allele” models, which are subject to this effect, and “one‐allele” models, which are free from the recombination constraint. These fundamentally important insights have been the foundation for both empirical and theoretical studies of speciation ever since. acknowledgement: RKB was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/P012272/1 & NE/P001610/1), the European Research Council (693030 BARRIERS), and the Swedish Research Council (VR) (2018‐03695). MRS was funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. DEB1939290). article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Roger K. full_name: Butlin, Roger K. last_name: Butlin - first_name: Maria R. full_name: Servedio, Maria R. last_name: Servedio - first_name: Carole M. full_name: Smadja, Carole M. last_name: Smadja - first_name: Claudia full_name: Bank, Claudia last_name: Bank - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Samuel M. full_name: Flaxman, Samuel M. last_name: Flaxman - first_name: Tatiana full_name: Giraud, Tatiana last_name: Giraud - first_name: Robin full_name: Hopkins, Robin last_name: Hopkins - first_name: Erica L. full_name: Larson, Erica L. last_name: Larson - first_name: Martine E. full_name: Maan, Martine E. last_name: Maan - first_name: Joana full_name: Meier, Joana last_name: Meier - first_name: Richard full_name: Merrill, Richard last_name: Merrill - first_name: Mohamed A. F. full_name: Noor, Mohamed A. F. last_name: Noor - first_name: Daniel full_name: Ortiz‐Barrientos, Daniel last_name: Ortiz‐Barrientos - first_name: Anna full_name: Qvarnström, Anna last_name: Qvarnström citation: ama: Butlin RK, Servedio MR, Smadja CM, et al. Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species? Evolution. 2021;75(5):978-988. doi:10.1111/evo.14235 apa: Butlin, R. K., Servedio, M. R., Smadja, C. M., Bank, C., Barton, N. H., Flaxman, S. M., … Qvarnström, A. (2021). Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species? Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235 chicago: Butlin, Roger K., Maria R. Servedio, Carole M. Smadja, Claudia Bank, Nicholas H Barton, Samuel M. Flaxman, Tatiana Giraud, et al. “Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or Why Are There so Few/Many Species?” Evolution. Wiley, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235. ieee: R. K. Butlin et al., “Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species?,” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 5. Wiley, pp. 978–988, 2021. ista: Butlin RK, Servedio MR, Smadja CM, Bank C, Barton NH, Flaxman SM, Giraud T, Hopkins R, Larson EL, Maan ME, Meier J, Merrill R, Noor MAF, Ortiz‐Barrientos D, Qvarnström A. 2021. Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species? Evolution. 75(5), 978–988. mla: Butlin, Roger K., et al. “Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or Why Are There so Few/Many Species?” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 5, Wiley, 2021, pp. 978–88, doi:10.1111/evo.14235. short: R.K. Butlin, M.R. Servedio, C.M. Smadja, C. Bank, N.H. Barton, S.M. Flaxman, T. Giraud, R. Hopkins, E.L. Larson, M.E. Maan, J. Meier, R. Merrill, M.A.F. Noor, D. Ortiz‐Barrientos, A. Qvarnström, Evolution 75 (2021) 978–988. date_created: 2021-05-06T04:34:47Z date_published: 2021-04-19T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-05T15:44:33Z day: '19' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/evo.14235 external_id: isi: - '000647224000001' intvolume: ' 75' isi: 1 issue: '5' keyword: - Genetics - Ecology - Evolution - Behavior and Systematics - General Agricultural and Biological Sciences language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/evo.14235 month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 978-988 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species? tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 75 year: '2021' ... --- _id: '9383' abstract: - lang: eng text: A primary roadblock to our understanding of speciation is that it usually occurs over a timeframe that is too long to study from start to finish. The idea of a speciation continuum provides something of a solution to this problem; rather than observing the entire process, we can simply reconstruct it from the multitude of speciation events that surround us. But what do we really mean when we talk about the speciation continuum, and can it really help us understand speciation? We explored these questions using a literature review and online survey of speciation researchers. Although most researchers were familiar with the concept and thought it was useful, our survey revealed extensive disagreement about what the speciation continuum actually tells us. This is due partly to the lack of a clear definition. Here, we provide an explicit definition that is compatible with the Biological Species Concept. That is, the speciation continuum is a continuum of reproductive isolation. After outlining the logic of the definition in light of alternatives, we explain why attempts to reconstruct the speciation process from present‐day populations will ultimately fail. We then outline how we think the speciation continuum concept can continue to act as a foundation for understanding the continuum of reproductive isolation that surrounds us. acknowledgement: We thank M. Garlovsky, S. Martin, C. Cooney, C. Roux, J. Larson, and J. Mallet for critical feedback and for discussion. K. Lohse, M. de la Cámara, J. Cerca, M. A. Chase, C. Baskett, A. M. Westram, and N. H. Barton gave feedback on a draft of the manuscript. O. Seehausen, two anonymous reviewers, and the AE (Michael Kopp) provided comments that greatly improved the manuscript. V. Holzmann made many corrections to the proofs. G. Bisschop and K. Lohse kindly contributed the simulations and analyses presented in Box 3. We would also like to extend our thanks to everyone who took part in the speciation survey, which received ethical approval through the University of Sheffield Ethics Review Procedure (Application 029768). We are especially grateful to R. K. Butlin for stimulating discussion throughout the writing of the manuscript and for feedback on an earlier draft. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Sean full_name: Stankowski, Sean id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E last_name: Stankowski - first_name: Mark full_name: Ravinet, Mark last_name: Ravinet citation: ama: Stankowski S, Ravinet M. Defining the speciation continuum. Evolution. 2021;75(6):1256-1273. doi:10.1111/evo.14215 apa: Stankowski, S., & Ravinet, M. (2021). Defining the speciation continuum. Evolution. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215 chicago: Stankowski, Sean, and Mark Ravinet. “Defining the Speciation Continuum.” Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215. ieee: S. Stankowski and M. Ravinet, “Defining the speciation continuum,” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 6. Oxford University Press, pp. 1256–1273, 2021. ista: Stankowski S, Ravinet M. 2021. Defining the speciation continuum. Evolution. 75(6), 1256–1273. mla: Stankowski, Sean, and Mark Ravinet. “Defining the Speciation Continuum.” Evolution, vol. 75, no. 6, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 1256–73, doi:10.1111/evo.14215. short: S. Stankowski, M. Ravinet, Evolution 75 (2021) 1256–1273. date_created: 2021-05-09T22:01:39Z date_published: 2021-03-22T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-10-18T08:16:01Z day: '22' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/evo.14215 external_id: isi: - '000647226400001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 96f6ccf15d95a4e9f7c0b27eee570fa6 content_type: application/pdf creator: kschuh date_created: 2022-03-25T12:02:04Z date_updated: 2022-03-25T12:02:04Z file_id: '10921' file_name: 2021_Evolution_Stankowski.pdf file_size: 719991 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-03-25T12:02:04Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 75' isi: 1 issue: '6' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1256-1273 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Defining the speciation continuum tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) short: CC BY-NC (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 75 year: '2021' ... --- _id: '6680' abstract: - lang: eng text: This paper analyzes how partial selfing in a large source population influences its ability to colonize a new habitat via the introduction of a few founder individuals. Founders experience inbreeding depression due to partially recessive deleterious alleles as well as maladaptation to the new environment due to selection on a large number of additive loci. I first introduce a simplified version of the Inbreeding History Model (Kelly, 2007) in order to characterize mutation‐selection balance in a large, partially selfing source population under selection involving multiple non‐identical loci. I then use individual‐based simulations to study the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of founders establishing in the new habitat under a model of hard selection. The study explores how selfing rate shapes establishment probabilities of founders via effects on both inbreeding depression and adaptability to the new environment, and also distinguishes the effects of selfing on the initial fitness of founders from its effects on the long‐term adaptive response of the populations they found. A high rate of (but not complete) selfing is found to aid establishment over a wide range of parameters, even in the absence of mate limitation. The sensitivity of the results to assumptions about the nature of polygenic selection are discussed. article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) author: - first_name: Himani full_name: Sachdeva, Himani id: 42377A0A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sachdeva citation: ama: Sachdeva H. Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment in a new habitat. Evolution. 2019;73(9):1729-1745. doi:10.1111/evo.13812 apa: Sachdeva, H. (2019). Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment in a new habitat. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812 chicago: Sachdeva, Himani. “Effect of Partial Selfing and Polygenic Selection on Establishment in a New Habitat.” Evolution. Wiley, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812. ieee: H. Sachdeva, “Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment in a new habitat,” Evolution, vol. 73, no. 9. Wiley, pp. 1729–1745, 2019. ista: Sachdeva H. 2019. Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment in a new habitat. Evolution. 73(9), 1729–1745. mla: Sachdeva, Himani. “Effect of Partial Selfing and Polygenic Selection on Establishment in a New Habitat.” Evolution, vol. 73, no. 9, Wiley, 2019, pp. 1729–45, doi:10.1111/evo.13812. short: H. Sachdeva, Evolution 73 (2019) 1729–1745. date_created: 2019-07-25T09:08:28Z date_published: 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-29T06:43:58Z day: '01' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: NiBa doi: 10.1111/evo.13812 external_id: isi: - '000481300600001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 772ce7035965153959b946a1033de1ca content_type: application/pdf creator: kschuh date_created: 2019-09-17T10:56:27Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z file_id: '6881' file_name: 2019_Evolution_Sachdeva.pdf file_size: 937573 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 73' isi: 1 issue: '9' language: - iso: eng month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1729-1745 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9802' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment in a new habitat tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 73 year: '2019' ... --- _id: '1851' abstract: - lang: eng text: We consider mating strategies for females who search for males sequentially during a season of limited length. We show that the best strategy rejects a given male type if encountered before a time-threshold but accepts him after. For frequency-independent benefits, we obtain the optimal time-thresholds explicitly for both discrete and continuous distributions of males, and allow for mistakes being made in assessing the correct male type. When the benefits are indirect (genes for the offspring) and the population is under frequency-dependent ecological selection, the benefits depend on the mating strategy of other females as well. This case is particularly relevant to speciation models that seek to explore the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating under frequency-dependent ecological selection. We show that the indirect benefits are to be quantified by the reproductive values of couples, and describe how the evolutionarily stable time-thresholds can be found. We conclude with an example based on the Levene model, in which we analyze the evolutionarily stable assortative mating strategies and the strength of reproductive isolation provided by them. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Tadeas full_name: Priklopil, Tadeas id: 3C869AA0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Priklopil - first_name: Eva full_name: Kisdi, Eva last_name: Kisdi - first_name: Mats full_name: Gyllenberg, Mats last_name: Gyllenberg citation: ama: Priklopil T, Kisdi E, Gyllenberg M. Evolutionarily stable mating decisions for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating. Evolution. 2015;69(4):1015-1026. doi:10.1111/evo.12618 apa: Priklopil, T., Kisdi, E., & Gyllenberg, M. (2015). Evolutionarily stable mating decisions for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618 chicago: Priklopil, Tadeas, Eva Kisdi, and Mats Gyllenberg. “Evolutionarily Stable Mating Decisions for Sequentially Searching Females and the Stability of Reproductive Isolation by Assortative Mating.” Evolution. Wiley, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618. ieee: T. Priklopil, E. Kisdi, and M. Gyllenberg, “Evolutionarily stable mating decisions for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating,” Evolution, vol. 69, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 1015–1026, 2015. ista: Priklopil T, Kisdi E, Gyllenberg M. 2015. Evolutionarily stable mating decisions for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating. Evolution. 69(4), 1015–1026. mla: Priklopil, Tadeas, et al. “Evolutionarily Stable Mating Decisions for Sequentially Searching Females and the Stability of Reproductive Isolation by Assortative Mating.” Evolution, vol. 69, no. 4, Wiley, 2015, pp. 1015–26, doi:10.1111/evo.12618. short: T. Priklopil, E. Kisdi, M. Gyllenberg, Evolution 69 (2015) 1015–1026. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:21Z date_published: 2015-02-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-06-07T10:52:37Z day: '09' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: NiBa - _id: KrCh doi: 10.1111/evo.12618 ec_funded: 1 external_id: pmid: - '25662095' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 1e8be0b1d7598a78cd2623d8ee8e7798 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2020-05-15T09:05:34Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:19Z file_id: '7855' file_name: 2015_Evolution_Priklopil.pdf file_size: 967214 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:19Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 69' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Submitted Version page: 1015 - 1026 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '291734' name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley publist_id: '5249' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Evolutionarily stable mating decisions for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 69 year: '2015' ... --- _id: '9931' abstract: - lang: eng text: Gene duplication is important in evolution, because it provides new raw material for evolutionary adaptations. Several existing hypotheses about the causes of duplicate retention and diversification differ in their emphasis on gene dosage, subfunctionalization, and neofunctionalization. Little experimental data exist on the relative importance of gene expression changes and changes in coding regions for the evolution of duplicate genes. Furthermore, we do not know how strongly the environment could affect this importance. To address these questions, we performed evolution experiments with the TEM-1 beta lactamase gene in Escherichia coli to study the initial stages of duplicate gene evolution in the laboratory. We mimicked tandem duplication by inserting two copies of the TEM-1 gene on the same plasmid. We then subjected these copies to repeated cycles of mutagenesis and selection in various environments that contained antibiotics in different combinations and concentrations. Our experiments showed that gene dosage is the most important factor in the initial stages of duplicate gene evolution, and overshadows the importance of point mutations in the coding region. acknowledgement: We thank the Functional Genomics Center Zurich for its service in generating sequencing data, M. Ackermann and E. Hayden for helpful discussions, A. de Visser for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript, and M. Moser for help with quantitative PCR. This work was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 315230–129708), as well as through the YeastX project of SystemsX.ch, and the University Priority Research Program in Systems Biology at the University of Zurich. RD acknowledges support from the Forschungskredit program of the University of Zurich. The authors declare no conflict of interest. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Riddhiman full_name: Dhar, Riddhiman last_name: Dhar - first_name: Tobias full_name: Bergmiller, Tobias id: 2C471CFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bergmiller orcid: 0000-0001-5396-4346 - first_name: Andreas full_name: Wagner, Andreas last_name: Wagner citation: ama: Dhar R, Bergmiller T, Wagner A. Increased gene dosage plays a predominant role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes. Evolution. 2014;68(6):1775-1791. doi:10.1111/evo.12373 apa: Dhar, R., Bergmiller, T., & Wagner, A. (2014). Increased gene dosage plays a predominant role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes. Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373 chicago: Dhar, Riddhiman, Tobias Bergmiller, and Andreas Wagner. “Increased Gene Dosage Plays a Predominant Role in the Initial Stages of Evolution of Duplicate TEM-1 Beta Lactamase Genes.” Evolution. Wiley, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373. ieee: R. Dhar, T. Bergmiller, and A. Wagner, “Increased gene dosage plays a predominant role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes,” Evolution, vol. 68, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 1775–1791, 2014. ista: Dhar R, Bergmiller T, Wagner A. 2014. Increased gene dosage plays a predominant role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes. Evolution. 68(6), 1775–1791. mla: Dhar, Riddhiman, et al. “Increased Gene Dosage Plays a Predominant Role in the Initial Stages of Evolution of Duplicate TEM-1 Beta Lactamase Genes.” Evolution, vol. 68, no. 6, Wiley, 2014, pp. 1775–91, doi:10.1111/evo.12373. short: R. Dhar, T. Bergmiller, A. Wagner, Evolution 68 (2014) 1775–1791. date_created: 2021-08-17T09:03:09Z date_published: 2014-06-03T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-23T14:13:27Z day: '03' department: - _id: CaGu doi: 10.1111/evo.12373 external_id: pmid: - '24495000' intvolume: ' 68' issue: '6' language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa_version: None page: 1775-1791 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9932' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Increased gene dosage plays a predominant role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes type: journal_article user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf volume: 68 year: '2014' ... --- _id: '4305' abstract: - lang: eng text: The common shrew (Sorex araneus) is subdivided into several karyotypic races in Britain. Two of these races meet near Oxford to form the "Oxford-Hermitage" hybrid zone. We present a model which describes this system as a "tension zone," i.e., a set of clines maintained by a balance between dispersal and selection against chromosomal heterozygotes. The Oxford and Hermitage races differ by Robertsonian fusions with monobrachial homology (kq, no versus ko), and so F1 hybrids between them would have low fertility. However, the acrocentric karyotype is found at high frequency within the hybrid zone, so that complex Robertsonian heterozygotes (kq no/q ko n) are replaced by more fertile combinations, such as (kq no/k q n o). This suggests that the hybrid zone has been modified so as to increase hybrid fitness. Mathematical analysis and simulation show that, if selection against complex heterozygotes is sufficiently strong relative to selection against simple heterozygotes, acrocentrics increase, and displace the clines for kq and no from the cline for ko. Superimposed on this separation is a tendency for the hybrid zone to move m favor of the Oxford (kq no) race. We compare the model with estimates of linkage disequilibrium and cline shape made from field data. acknowledgement: 'This study was funded by grants from the Royal Society of London to J.B.S., and from the S.E.R.C., N.E.R.C. and the Darwin Trust to N.Barton. A.J.Reilly, Y.Luo, and S. J.Mercer provided unpublished data and D.Currie, A.E.Douglas, K. S.Jackson, X.Lambin and D.Kapan made helpful comments on the manuscript. We appreciate our discussions with B. O.Bengtsson. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Todd full_name: Hatfield, Todd last_name: Hatfield - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Jeremy full_name: Searle, Jeremy last_name: Searle citation: ama: Hatfield T, Barton NH, Searle J. A model of a hybrid zone between two chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus). Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 1992;46(4):1129-1145. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x apa: Hatfield, T., Barton, N. H., & Searle, J. (1992). A model of a hybrid zone between two chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus). Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x chicago: Hatfield, Todd, Nicholas H Barton, and Jeremy Searle. “A Model of a Hybrid Zone between Two Chromosomal Races of the Common Shrew (Sorex Araneus).” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x. ieee: T. Hatfield, N. H. Barton, and J. Searle, “A model of a hybrid zone between two chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus),” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 46, no. 4. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1129–1145, 1992. ista: Hatfield T, Barton NH, Searle J. 1992. A model of a hybrid zone between two chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus). Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 46(4), 1129–1145. mla: Hatfield, Todd, et al. “A Model of a Hybrid Zone between Two Chromosomal Races of the Common Shrew (Sorex Araneus).” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 46, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 1129–45, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x. short: T. Hatfield, N.H. Barton, J. Searle, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 46 (1992) 1129–1145. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:09Z date_published: 1992-08-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-03-15T14:49:26Z day: '01' doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28564402' intvolume: ' 46' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2409761 month: '08' oa_version: Published Version page: 1129 - 1145 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '1759' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: A model of a hybrid zone between two chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 46 year: '1992' ... --- _id: '4308' acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Darwin Trust, NSF grant BSR/866548, and SERC grant GR/E/08507. Valuable comments on the manuscript were received from D. Currie, K. Dawson, K. S. Jackson, W. G. Hill, M. Turelli, and an anonymous referee. I would particularly like to thank K. Dawson and the referee, for pointing out the complexities involved in calculating P(i, j; k), and J. F. Crow, for supplying detailed simulation results, and for his helpful comments on the draft of this paper. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Barton NH. On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of Wright’s shifting balance. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 1992;46(2):551-557. apa: Barton, N. H. (1992). On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of Wright’s shifting balance. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “On the Spread of New Gene Combinations in the Third Phase of Wright’s Shifting Balance.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. ieee: N. H. Barton, “On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of Wright’s shifting balance,” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 46, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 551–557, 1992. ista: Barton NH. 1992. On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of Wright’s shifting balance. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 46(2), 551–557. mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “On the Spread of New Gene Combinations in the Third Phase of Wright’s Shifting Balance.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 46, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 551–57. short: N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 46 (1992) 551–557. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:10Z date_published: 1992-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-03-14T13:36:15Z day: '01' extern: '1' intvolume: ' 46' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2409871 month: '04' oa_version: None page: 551 - 557 publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '1756' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of Wright's shifting balance type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 46 year: '1992' ... --- _id: '3646' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We compare the pattern of morphological and electrophoretic variation in the hybrid zone between Bombina bombina and B. variegata across two transects: one near Cracow and one 200 km away, near Przemysl in southeastern Poland. Morphological variation across the Przemysl transect had been surveyed more than 50 years ago; though we found a significant shift at one site, there is no evidence for gross movement over this period. Morphological and electrophoretic changes coincide, and the average shape of the clines is the same across both transects. At the center, most of the change in frequency of six diagnostic allozymes occurs within w = 6.05 km (2-unit support limits 5.56-6.54 km). These steep gradients are generated not by selection on the allozymes themselves, but by associations with other loci: though these markers are unlinked, they are in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other [R = D/ = 0.22 (0.15-0.29) at the center]. Disequilibria are broken up as alleles diffuse away from the zone and flow into the new genetic background. The net barrier to the flow of genes from bombina into variegata, which is generated by these disequilibria, is B = 51 (22-81) km. The fitness of hybrids must be substantially reduced to produce such a barrier [W̄H/W̄P = 0.58 (0.54-0.68)], and this selection must be spread over many loci [N = 55 (26-88)]. Alleles introgress significantly less far than would be expected from the age of the zone and the estimated dispersal rate [σ = 0.99 (0.82-1.14) km gen.-1/2]: this implies selection of se = 0.37 (0.15-0.58)% on the enzymes themselves. There is weak but significant linkage disequilibrium well away from the center of the zone; this, together with the presence of parental and F1 genotypes, suggests some long-range migration. However, such migration is not likely to cause significant introgression.\r\n" acknowledgement: This work was supported by grants from the Royal Society, the Nuffield Foundation, the University of London Central Research Fund, and the Polish Academy of Sciences (project MR-II.6). We also thank Dr. Jan Rafinski for help in collecting toads. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jacek full_name: Szymura, Jacek last_name: Szymura - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Szymura J, Barton NH. The genetic structure of the hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata: comparisons between transects and between loci. Evolution. 1991;45(2):237-261. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04400.x' apa: 'Szymura, J., & Barton, N. H. (1991). The genetic structure of the hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata: comparisons between transects and between loci. Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04400.x' chicago: 'Szymura, Jacek, and Nicholas H Barton. “The Genetic Structure of the Hybrid Zone between the Fire-Bellied Toads Bombina Bombina and B. Variegata: Comparisons between Transects and between Loci.” Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04400.x.' ieee: 'J. Szymura and N. H. Barton, “The genetic structure of the hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata: comparisons between transects and between loci,” Evolution, vol. 45, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 237–261, 1991.' ista: 'Szymura J, Barton NH. 1991. The genetic structure of the hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata: comparisons between transects and between loci. Evolution. 45(2), 237–261.' mla: 'Szymura, Jacek, and Nicholas H. Barton. “The Genetic Structure of the Hybrid Zone between the Fire-Bellied Toads Bombina Bombina and B. Variegata: Comparisons between Transects and between Loci.” Evolution, vol. 45, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1991, pp. 237–61, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04400.x.' short: J. Szymura, N.H. Barton, Evolution 45 (1991) 237–261. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:25Z date_published: 1991-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-03-02T15:50:09Z day: '01' doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04400.x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28567861 ' intvolume: ' 45' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: ' http://www.jstor.org/stable/2409660' month: '03' oa_version: None page: 237 - 261 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '2737' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'The genetic structure of the hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata: comparisons between transects and between loci' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 45 year: '1991' ... --- _id: '3648' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'We investigate the probability of fixation of a chromosome rearrangement in a subdivided population, concentrating on the limit where migration is so large relative to selection (m ≫ s) that the population can be thought of as being continuously distributed. We study two demes, and one- and two-dimensional populations. For two demes, the probability of fixation in the limit of high migration approximates that of a population with twice the size of a single deme: migration therefore greatly reduces the fixation probability. However, this behavior does not extend to a large array of demes. Then, the fixation probability depends primarily on neighborhood size (Nb), and may be appreciable even with strong selection and free gene flow (≈exp(-B·Nb) in one dimension, ≈exp(-B\cdotNb) in two dimensions). Our results are close to those for the more tractable case of a polygenic character under disruptive selection.' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Shahin full_name: Rouhani, Shahin last_name: Rouhani citation: ama: Barton NH, Rouhani S. The probability of fixation of a new karyotype in a continuous population. Evolution. 1991;45(3):499-517. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04326.x apa: Barton, N. H., & Rouhani, S. (1991). The probability of fixation of a new karyotype in a continuous population. Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04326.x chicago: Barton, Nicholas H, and Shahin Rouhani. “The Probability of Fixation of a New Karyotype in a Continuous Population.” Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04326.x. ieee: N. H. Barton and S. Rouhani, “The probability of fixation of a new karyotype in a continuous population,” Evolution, vol. 45, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 499–517, 1991. ista: Barton NH, Rouhani S. 1991. The probability of fixation of a new karyotype in a continuous population. Evolution. 45(3), 499–517. mla: Barton, Nicholas H., and Shahin Rouhani. “The Probability of Fixation of a New Karyotype in a Continuous Population.” Evolution, vol. 45, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell, 1991, pp. 499–517, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04326.x. short: N.H. Barton, S. Rouhani, Evolution 45 (1991) 499–517. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:25Z date_published: 1991-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-03-02T10:37:19Z day: '01' doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04326.x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28568824' intvolume: ' 45' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2409908 month: '05' oa_version: None page: 499 - 517 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '2735' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: The probability of fixation of a new karyotype in a continuous population type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 45 year: '1991' ... --- _id: '3653' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Frequency-dependent selection on warning color can maintain narrow hybrid zones between unpalatable prey taxa. To measure such selection, we transferred marked Heliconius erato (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in both directions across a 10-km-wide hybrid zone between Peruvian races differing in color pattern. These experimental H. erato were released at four sites, along with control H. erato of the phenotype native to each site. Survival of experimental butterflies was significantly lower than that of controls at two sites and overall. Most selection, measured as differences in survival, occurred soon after release. Selection against foreign morphs was 52% (confidence limits: 25-71%) and was probably due to bird attacks on unusual warning-color morphs (more than 10% of the recaptures had beak marks). Since only three major loci determine the color-pattern differences, this suggests an average selection coefficient of 0.17 per locus, sufficient to maintain the narrow clines in H. erato.' acknowledgement: We thank G.Lamas for sharing his knowledge of the Tarapoto hybrid zone; M.A.Arboleda, H.Eeley, S.Knapp, M.Muedas, and J.Santisteban for their help in the field; P.Donnelly and C.Smith for statistical advice; and S.Jones, S.Knapp, G.Lamas, and the reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. We are grateful to the Natural Environment Research Council, the Royal Society, and the Nuffield Foundation for funding this research. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: James full_name: Mallet, James last_name: Mallet - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Mallet J, Barton NH. Strong natural selection in a warning color hybrid zone. Evolution. 1989;43(2):421-431. doi:10.2307/2409217 apa: Mallet, J., & Barton, N. H. (1989). Strong natural selection in a warning color hybrid zone. Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.2307/2409217 chicago: Mallet, James, and Nicholas H Barton. “Strong Natural Selection in a Warning Color Hybrid Zone.” Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1989. https://doi.org/10.2307/2409217 . ieee: J. Mallet and N. H. Barton, “Strong natural selection in a warning color hybrid zone,” Evolution, vol. 43, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 421–431, 1989. ista: Mallet J, Barton NH. 1989. Strong natural selection in a warning color hybrid zone. Evolution. 43(2), 421–431. mla: Mallet, James, and Nicholas H. Barton. “Strong Natural Selection in a Warning Color Hybrid Zone.” Evolution, vol. 43, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1989, pp. 421–31, doi:10.2307/2409217 . short: J. Mallet, N.H. Barton, Evolution 43 (1989) 421–431. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:27Z date_published: 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-02-14T11:00:42Z day: '01' doi: '10.2307/2409217 ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28568556 ' intvolume: ' 43' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2409217?origin=crossref&seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents month: '01' oa_version: None page: 421 - 431 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '2730' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Strong natural selection in a warning color hybrid zone type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 43 year: '1989' ... --- _id: '4309' abstract: - lang: eng text: Three methods for estimating the average level of gene flow in natural population are discussed and compared. The three methods are FST, rare alleles, and maximum likelihood. All three methods yield estimates of the combination of parameters (the number of migrants [Nm] in a demic model or the neighborhood size [4πDσ2] in a continuum model) that determines the relative importance of gene flow and genetic drift. We review the theory underlying these methods and derive new analytic results for the expectation of FST in stepping-stone and continuum models when small sets of samples are taken. We also compare the effectiveness of the different methods using a variety of simulated data. We found that the FST and rare-alleles methods yield comparable estimates under a wide variety of conditions when the population being sampled is demographically stable. They are roughly equally sensitive to selection and to variation in population structure, and they approach their equilibrium values at approximately the same rate. We found that two different maximum-likelihood methods tend to yield biased estimates when relatively small numbers of locations are sampled but more accurate estimates when larger numbers are sampled. Our conclusion is that, although FST and rare-alleles methods are expected to be equally effective in analyzing ideal data, practical problems in estimating the frequencies of rare alleles in electrophoretic studies suggest that FST is likely to be more useful under realistic conditions. acknowledgement: This research has been supported in partv by grant 85-00258 from the National Science Foundation and by grants GR/C/9 1529 and GR/E/08507 from the Science and Engineering Research Council. We thank C. C. Cockerham and B. S. Weir for helpful discussions of this topic, C. Wehrhahn for bringing his method to our attention and for providing us with a copy of his program for estimating Nm, and J. Coyne, M. Nei, B. S. Weir, and an anonymous referee for comments on an earlier draft of this paper. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Montgomery full_name: Slatkin, Montgomery last_name: Slatkin - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Slatkin M, Barton NH. A comparison of three methods for estimating average levels of gene flow. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 1989;43(7):1349-1368. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb02587.x apa: Slatkin, M., & Barton, N. H. (1989). A comparison of three methods for estimating average levels of gene flow. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb02587.x chicago: Slatkin, Montgomery, and Nicholas H Barton. “A Comparison of Three Methods for Estimating Average Levels of Gene Flow.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb02587.x . ieee: M. Slatkin and N. H. Barton, “A comparison of three methods for estimating average levels of gene flow,” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 43, no. 7. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1349–1368, 1989. ista: Slatkin M, Barton NH. 1989. A comparison of three methods for estimating average levels of gene flow. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 43(7), 1349–1368. mla: Slatkin, Montgomery, and Nicholas H. Barton. “A Comparison of Three Methods for Estimating Average Levels of Gene Flow.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 43, no. 7, Wiley-Blackwell, 1989, pp. 1349–68, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb02587.x . short: M. Slatkin, N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 43 (1989) 1349–1368. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:10Z date_published: 1989-11-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-02-10T09:44:53Z day: '01' doi: '10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb02587.x ' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28564250 ' intvolume: ' 43' issue: '7' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2409452 month: '11' oa_version: None page: 1349 - 1368 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '1751' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: A comparison of three methods for estimating average levels of gene flow type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 43 year: '1989' ... --- _id: '4321' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata differ extensively in biochemistry, morphology, and behavior. We use a survey of five diagnostic enzyme loci across the hybrid zone near Cracow in Southern Poland to estimate the dispersal rate, selection pressures, and numbers of loci which maintain this zone. The enzyme clines coincide closely with each other and with morphological and mitochondrial DNA clines. Although the zone lies on a broad transition between environments suitable for bombina and variegata, the close concordance of diverse characters, together with increased aberrations and mortality in hybrids, suggest that the zone is maintained largely by selection against hybrids. There are strong “linkage disequilibria” between each pair of (unlinked) enzyme loci (R̄ = 0.129 [2-unit support limits: 0.119–0.139]). These are probably caused by gene flow into the zone, and they give an estimate of dispersal (σ = 890 [790–940] m gen−½). The clines are sharply stepped, with most of the change occurring within 6.15 (5.45–6.45) km, but with long tails of introgression on either side. This implies that the effective selection pressure on each enzyme marker (due largely to disequilibrium with other loci) is s* = 0.17 (0.159–0.181) at the center but that the selection acting directly on the enzyme loci is weak or zero (se < 0.0038). The stepped pattern implies a barrier to gene flow of 220 (48–415) km. This would substantially delay neutral introgression but would have little effect on advantageous alleles; the two taxa need not evolve independently. Strong selection is needed to maintain such a barrier: hybrid populations must have their mean fitness reduced by a factor of 0.65 (0.60–0.77). This selection must be spread over a large number of loci to account for the concordant patterns and the observed cline widths (N = 300 [80–2,000]).' acknowledgement: 'We are grateful to J. Mitton and W. P. Hall for their suggestions and help with earlier versions of the statistical analysis. The manuscript was much improved by the helpful comments of Dorothy Currie, Gunther Gollmann, Godfrey Hewitt, Julian MacLean, and Jim Mallet. Thanks are also due to Tina Tsang for her careful typing. This work was supported by the Exchange Agreement between the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society, and by grants from the Polish Academy of Sciences (project MR-II/6), the Royal Society, the Nuffield Foundation, and the Science and Engineering Research Council. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jacek full_name: Szymura, Jacek last_name: Szymura - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Szymura J, Barton NH. Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata, near Cracow in Southern Poland. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 1986;40:1141-1159. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1986.tb05740.x apa: Szymura, J., & Barton, N. H. (1986). Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata, near Cracow in Southern Poland. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Society for the Study of Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1986.tb05740.x chicago: Szymura, Jacek, and Nicholas H Barton. “Genetic Analysis of a Hybrid Zone between the Fire-Bellied Toads Bombina Bombina and B. Variegata, near Cracow in Southern Poland.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Society for the Study of Evolution, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1986.tb05740.x. ieee: J. Szymura and N. H. Barton, “Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata, near Cracow in Southern Poland,” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 40. Society for the Study of Evolution, pp. 1141–1159, 1986. ista: Szymura J, Barton NH. 1986. Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata, near Cracow in Southern Poland. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 40, 1141–1159. mla: Szymura, Jacek, and Nicholas H. Barton. “Genetic Analysis of a Hybrid Zone between the Fire-Bellied Toads Bombina Bombina and B. Variegata, near Cracow in Southern Poland.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 40, Society for the Study of Evolution, 1986, pp. 1141–59, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1986.tb05740.x. short: J. Szymura, N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 40 (1986) 1141–1159. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:14Z date_published: 1986-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-01-31T15:31:37Z day: '01' doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1986.tb05740.x extern: '1' intvolume: ' 40' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 1141 - 1159 publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Society for the Study of Evolution publist_id: '1724' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata, near Cracow in Southern Poland type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 40 year: '1986' ... --- _id: '3668' abstract: - lang: eng text: When two populations which differ at many loci meet, the degree of introgression of alleles across the boundary will depend on the selection acting on each locus (s), the rate of recombination between adjacent loci (r), and the number of loci involved (n). Simple scaling arguments suggest that the behavior of the system should depend on the ratio of selection to recombination (θ = s/r), and on n. This is borne out by mathematical analysis of two demes which exchange individuals at a low rate; when selection is stronger than recombination (θ > 1), the effective selection on each locus is comparable to the total selection over the whole genome (s* ∼ ns). When selection is weaker than recombination (θ < 1), the effective selection is much weaker, but is still stronger than the selection on each locus alone (s* \sim sn20 for small θ). When n is very large, these two regimes are separated by a sharp threshold at θ = 1. The results are extended to two taxa which meet in a continuous habitat; the effective selection pressure, which determines the width of the hybrid zone, behaves in the same way as for the simpler case above. Even when selection is weak compared to recombination, multilocus clines have a sharp step at their center, flanked by tails of introgression in which the alleles behave independently of each other. The set of clines acts as a barrier to gene flow, and it is shown that the barrier is strongest when selection is spread over many loci. The implications of the results for divergence and speciation are discussed. acknowledgement: "I would like to thank G. Hewitt, J. Raper, M. Shaw, P. Oliver, M. Slatkin, J. Felsenstein, and D. J. Futuyma for their\r\n helpful comments. This work was partly supported by an SRC Post-Doctoral Fellowship." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Barton NH. Multilocus clines. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 1983;37(3):454-471. doi:10.2307/2408260 apa: Barton, N. H. (1983). Multilocus clines. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Society for the Study of Evolution. https://doi.org/10.2307/2408260 chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “Multilocus Clines.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Society for the Study of Evolution, 1983. https://doi.org/10.2307/2408260. ieee: N. H. Barton, “Multilocus clines,” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 37, no. 3. Society for the Study of Evolution, pp. 454–471, 1983. ista: Barton NH. 1983. Multilocus clines. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 37(3), 454–471. mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “Multilocus Clines.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 37, no. 3, Society for the Study of Evolution, 1983, pp. 454–71, doi:10.2307/2408260. short: N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 37 (1983) 454–471. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:31Z date_published: 1983-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T07:08:29Z day: '01' doi: 10.2307/2408260 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28563316 ' intvolume: ' 37' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2408260 month: '05' oa_version: None page: 454 - 471 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Society for the Study of Evolution publist_id: '2715' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Multilocus clines type: journal_article user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 37 year: '1983' ... --- _id: '4331' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Barton NH. The structure of the hybrid zone in Uroderma bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae). Evolution. 1982;36(4):863-866. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05452.x' apa: 'Barton, N. H. (1982). The structure of the hybrid zone in Uroderma bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae). Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05452.x' chicago: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “The Structure of the Hybrid Zone in Uroderma Bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae).” Evolution. Wiley, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05452.x.' ieee: 'N. H. Barton, “The structure of the hybrid zone in Uroderma bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae),” Evolution, vol. 36, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 863–866, 1982.' ista: 'Barton NH. 1982. The structure of the hybrid zone in Uroderma bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae). Evolution. 36(4), 863–866.' mla: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “The Structure of the Hybrid Zone in Uroderma Bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae).” Evolution, vol. 36, no. 4, Wiley, 1982, pp. 863–66, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05452.x.' short: N.H. Barton, Evolution 36 (1982) 863–866. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:18Z date_published: 1982-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-05-22T12:10:15Z day: '01' doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05452.x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28568238' intvolume: ' 36' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa_version: None page: 863 - 866 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley publist_id: '1705' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'The structure of the hybrid zone in Uroderma bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae)' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 36 year: '1982' ... --- _id: '3670' abstract: - lang: eng text: The grasshopper Podisma pedestris includes two chromosomal races, which differ by a Robertsonian fusion involving the sex chromosome. The two races meet in a cline which runs for 100 km across the Alpes Maritimes in south-eastern France. An intensive study of the easternmost end of this cline shows that it is about 800 m wide; the cline is not smooth, containing substantial spikes in chromosome frequency which might be due to sampling drift. Though the cline seems narrow, it is wide compared with the dispersal rate of the insect; a selective force of only 0.5% would be enough to maintain the cline. It is difficult to determine the nature of this force, but some evidence comes from the position of the cline, and from the presence of coincident clines at other loci. An estimate of the distribution of Podisma has been made, and the cline seems to follow, for the most part, a region of low population density, suggesting that it is maintained by hybrid unfitness. However, in the one region where the cline is relatively free to move, the XY race bulges forwards more than would be expected if hybrids are unfit. The observation of severe inviability in crosses between the races, though it is not associated with the chromosomal difference, also indicates that this cline is the result of some sort of genetic incompatibility. acknowledgement: "Many thanks are due to the Hewitt family (Elizabeth, Daniel, Matthew, and James), Bruce and Helen Halliday, Mike\r\n Shaw, Alan Jenyon, and Bob Williams for their help in collecting the grasshoppers; to M. and Mme. Aviotti for their hospitality in Casterino; and to Marise East for her help in karyotyping the samples. The work was supported by a grant from the S.R.C. to G. Hewitt, and N. Barton was supported by a N.E.R.C. studentship." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Godfrey full_name: Hewitt, Godfrey last_name: Hewitt citation: ama: Barton NH, Hewitt G. A chromosomal cline in the grasshopper Podisma pedestris. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 1981;35(5):1008-1018. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04966.x apa: Barton, N. H., & Hewitt, G. (1981). A chromosomal cline in the grasshopper Podisma pedestris. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04966.x chicago: Barton, Nicholas H, and Godfrey Hewitt. “A Chromosomal Cline in the Grasshopper Podisma Pedestris.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1981. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04966.x. ieee: N. H. Barton and G. Hewitt, “A chromosomal cline in the grasshopper Podisma pedestris,” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 35, no. 5. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1008–1018, 1981. ista: Barton NH, Hewitt G. 1981. A chromosomal cline in the grasshopper Podisma pedestris. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 35(5), 1008–1018. mla: Barton, Nicholas H., and Godfrey Hewitt. “A Chromosomal Cline in the Grasshopper Podisma Pedestris.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 35, no. 5, Wiley-Blackwell, 1981, pp. 1008–18, doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04966.x. short: N.H. Barton, G. Hewitt, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 35 (1981) 1008–1018. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:32Z date_published: 1981-09-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-01-21T08:51:51Z day: '01' doi: ' 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04966.x' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28581059' intvolume: ' 35' issue: '5' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2407871 month: '09' oa_version: None page: 1008 - 1018 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution publication_identifier: eissn: - 1558-5646 issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '2713' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: A chromosomal cline in the grasshopper Podisma pedestris type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 35 year: '1981' ...