--- _id: '9010' abstract: - lang: eng text: Availability of the essential macronutrient nitrogen in soil plays a critical role in plant growth, development, and impacts agricultural productivity. Plants have evolved different strategies for sensing and responding to heterogeneous nitrogen distribution. Modulation of root system architecture, including primary root growth and branching, is among the most essential plant adaptions to ensure adequate nitrogen acquisition. However, the immediate molecular pathways coordinating the adjustment of root growth in response to distinct nitrogen sources, such as nitrate or ammonium, are poorly understood. Here, we show that growth as manifested by cell division and elongation is synchronized by coordinated auxin flux between two adjacent outer tissue layers of the root. This coordination is achieved by nitrate‐dependent dephosphorylation of the PIN2 auxin efflux carrier at a previously uncharacterized phosphorylation site, leading to subsequent PIN2 lateralization and thereby regulating auxin flow between adjacent tissues. A dynamic computer model based on our experimental data successfully recapitulates experimental observations. Our study provides mechanistic insights broadening our understanding of root growth mechanisms in dynamic environments. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge Gergely Molnar for critical reading of the manuscript, Alexander Johnson for language editing and Yulija Salanenka for technical assistance. Work in the Benkova laboratory was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF01_I1774S) to KO, RA and EB. Work in the Benkova laboratory was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF01_I1774S) to KO, RA and EB and by the DOC Fellowship Programme of the AustrianAcademy of Sciences (25008) to C.A. Work in the Wabnik laboratory was supported by the Programa de Atraccion de Talento 2017 (Comunidad deMadrid, 2017-T1/BIO-5654 to K.W.), Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D from the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion of Spain (grantSEV-2016-0672 (2017-2021) to K.W. via the CBGP) and Programa Estatal de Generacion del Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnologico del Sistema de I+D+I 2019 (PGC2018-093387-A-I00) from MICIU (to K.W.). M.M.was supported by a postdoctoral contract associated to SEV-2016-0672.We acknowledge the Bioimaging Facility in IST-Austria and the Advanced Microscopy Facility of the Vienna Bio Center Core Facilities, member of the Vienna Bio Center Austria, for use of the OMX v43D SIM microscope. AJ was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): I03630 to J.F' article_number: e106862 article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Krisztina full_name: Ötvös, Krisztina id: 29B901B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Ötvös orcid: 0000-0002-5503-4983 - first_name: Marco full_name: Marconi, Marco last_name: Marconi - first_name: Andrea full_name: Vega, Andrea last_name: Vega - first_name: Jose full_name: O’Brien, Jose last_name: O’Brien - first_name: Alexander J full_name: Johnson, Alexander J id: 46A62C3A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Johnson orcid: 0000-0002-2739-8843 - first_name: Rashed full_name: Abualia, Rashed id: 4827E134-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Abualia orcid: 0000-0002-9357-9415 - first_name: Livio full_name: Antonielli, Livio last_name: Antonielli - first_name: Juan C full_name: Montesinos López, Juan C id: 310A8E3E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Montesinos López orcid: 0000-0001-9179-6099 - first_name: Yuzhou full_name: Zhang, Yuzhou id: 3B6137F2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Zhang orcid: 0000-0003-2627-6956 - first_name: Shutang full_name: Tan, Shutang id: 2DE75584-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Tan orcid: 0000-0002-0471-8285 - first_name: Candela full_name: Cuesta, Candela id: 33A3C818-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cuesta orcid: 0000-0003-1923-2410 - first_name: Christina full_name: Artner, Christina id: 45DF286A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Artner - first_name: Eleonore full_name: Bouguyon, Eleonore last_name: Bouguyon - first_name: Alain full_name: Gojon, Alain last_name: Gojon - first_name: Jiří full_name: Friml, Jiří id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Friml orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596 - first_name: Rodrigo A. full_name: Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A. last_name: Gutiérrez - first_name: Krzysztof T full_name: Wabnik, Krzysztof T id: 4DE369A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Wabnik orcid: 0000-0001-7263-0560 - first_name: Eva full_name: Benková, Eva id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Benková orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739 citation: ama: Ötvös K, Marconi M, Vega A, et al. Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. EMBO Journal. 2021;40(3). doi:10.15252/embj.2020106862 apa: Ötvös, K., Marconi, M., Vega, A., O’Brien, J., Johnson, A. J., Abualia, R., … Benková, E. (2021). Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. EMBO Journal. Embo Press. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862 chicago: Ötvös, Krisztina, Marco Marconi, Andrea Vega, Jose O’Brien, Alexander J Johnson, Rashed Abualia, Livio Antonielli, et al. “Modulation of Plant Root Growth by Nitrogen Source-Defined Regulation of Polar Auxin Transport.” EMBO Journal. Embo Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862. ieee: K. Ötvös et al., “Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport,” EMBO Journal, vol. 40, no. 3. Embo Press, 2021. ista: Ötvös K, Marconi M, Vega A, O’Brien J, Johnson AJ, Abualia R, Antonielli L, Montesinos López JC, Zhang Y, Tan S, Cuesta C, Artner C, Bouguyon E, Gojon A, Friml J, Gutiérrez RA, Wabnik KT, Benková E. 2021. Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. EMBO Journal. 40(3), e106862. mla: Ötvös, Krisztina, et al. “Modulation of Plant Root Growth by Nitrogen Source-Defined Regulation of Polar Auxin Transport.” EMBO Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, e106862, Embo Press, 2021, doi:10.15252/embj.2020106862. short: K. Ötvös, M. Marconi, A. Vega, J. O’Brien, A.J. Johnson, R. Abualia, L. Antonielli, J.C. Montesinos López, Y. Zhang, S. Tan, C. Cuesta, C. Artner, E. Bouguyon, A. Gojon, J. Friml, R.A. Gutiérrez, K.T. Wabnik, E. Benková, EMBO Journal 40 (2021). date_created: 2021-01-17T23:01:12Z date_published: 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-03-27T23:30:39Z day: '01' ddc: - '580' department: - _id: JiFr - _id: EvBe doi: 10.15252/embj.2020106862 external_id: isi: - '000604645600001' pmid: - ' 33399250' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: dc55c900f3b061d6c2790b8813d759a3 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2021-02-11T12:28:29Z date_updated: 2021-02-11T12:28:29Z file_id: '9110' file_name: 2021_Embo_Otvos.pdf file_size: 2358617 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T12:28:29Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 40' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 2542D156-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: I 1774-B16 name: Hormone cross-talk drives nutrient dependent plant development - _id: 2685A872-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 name: Hormonal regulation of plant adaptive responses to environmental signals - _id: 26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: I03630 name: Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants publication: EMBO Journal publication_identifier: eissn: - '14602075' issn: - '02614189' publication_status: published publisher: Embo Press quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on IST Homepage relation: press_release url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/a-plants-way-to-its-favorite-food/ record: - id: '10303' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 40 year: '2021' ... --- _id: '7586' abstract: - lang: eng text: CLC chloride/proton exchangers may support acidification of endolysosomes and raise their luminal Cl− concentration. Disruption of endosomal ClC‐3 causes severe neurodegeneration. To assess the importance of ClC‐3 Cl−/H+ exchange, we now generate Clcn3unc/unc mice in which ClC‐3 is converted into a Cl− channel. Unlike Clcn3−/− mice, Clcn3unc/unc mice appear normal owing to compensation by ClC‐4 with which ClC‐3 forms heteromers. ClC‐4 protein levels are strongly reduced in Clcn3−/−, but not in Clcn3unc/unc mice because ClC‐3unc binds and stabilizes ClC‐4 like wild‐type ClC‐3. Although mice lacking ClC‐4 appear healthy, its absence in Clcn3unc/unc/Clcn4−/− mice entails even stronger neurodegeneration than observed in Clcn3−/− mice. A fraction of ClC‐3 is found on synaptic vesicles, but miniature postsynaptic currents and synaptic vesicle acidification are not affected in Clcn3unc/unc or Clcn3−/− mice before neurodegeneration sets in. Both, Cl−/H+‐exchange activity and the stabilizing effect on ClC‐4, are central to the biological function of ClC‐3. acknowledgement: "We thank T. Stauber and T. Breiderhoff for cloning expression constructs; K. Räbel, S. Hohensee, and C. Backhaus for technical assistance; R. Jahn (MPIbpc, Göttingen) for providing the equipment required for SV purification; and A\r\nWoehler (MDC, Berlin) for assistance with SV imaging. Supported, in part, by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (JE164/9-2, SFB740 TP C5, FOR 2625 (JE164/14-1), NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence), the European Research Council Advanced Grant CYTOVOLION (ERC 294435) and the Prix Louis-Jeantet de Médecine to TJJ, and Peter and Traudl Engelhorn fellowship to ZF." article_number: e103358 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Stefanie full_name: Weinert, Stefanie last_name: Weinert - first_name: Niclas full_name: Gimber, Niclas last_name: Gimber - first_name: Dorothea full_name: Deuschel, Dorothea last_name: Deuschel - first_name: Till full_name: Stuhlmann, Till last_name: Stuhlmann - first_name: Dmytro full_name: Puchkov, Dmytro last_name: Puchkov - first_name: Zohreh full_name: Farsi, Zohreh last_name: Farsi - first_name: Carmen F. full_name: Ludwig, Carmen F. last_name: Ludwig - first_name: Gaia full_name: Novarino, Gaia id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Novarino orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178 - first_name: Karen I. full_name: López-Cayuqueo, Karen I. last_name: López-Cayuqueo - first_name: Rosa full_name: Planells-Cases, Rosa last_name: Planells-Cases - first_name: Thomas J. full_name: Jentsch, Thomas J. last_name: Jentsch citation: ama: Weinert S, Gimber N, Deuschel D, et al. Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes severe neurodegeneration. EMBO Journal. 2020;39. doi:10.15252/embj.2019103358 apa: Weinert, S., Gimber, N., Deuschel, D., Stuhlmann, T., Puchkov, D., Farsi, Z., … Jentsch, T. J. (2020). Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes severe neurodegeneration. EMBO Journal. EMBO Press. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358 chicago: Weinert, Stefanie, Niclas Gimber, Dorothea Deuschel, Till Stuhlmann, Dmytro Puchkov, Zohreh Farsi, Carmen F. Ludwig, et al. “Uncoupling Endosomal CLC Chloride/Proton Exchange Causes Severe Neurodegeneration.” EMBO Journal. EMBO Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358. ieee: S. Weinert et al., “Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes severe neurodegeneration,” EMBO Journal, vol. 39. EMBO Press, 2020. ista: Weinert S, Gimber N, Deuschel D, Stuhlmann T, Puchkov D, Farsi Z, Ludwig CF, Novarino G, López-Cayuqueo KI, Planells-Cases R, Jentsch TJ. 2020. Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes severe neurodegeneration. EMBO Journal. 39, e103358. mla: Weinert, Stefanie, et al. “Uncoupling Endosomal CLC Chloride/Proton Exchange Causes Severe Neurodegeneration.” EMBO Journal, vol. 39, e103358, EMBO Press, 2020, doi:10.15252/embj.2019103358. short: S. Weinert, N. Gimber, D. Deuschel, T. Stuhlmann, D. Puchkov, Z. Farsi, C.F. Ludwig, G. Novarino, K.I. López-Cayuqueo, R. Planells-Cases, T.J. Jentsch, EMBO Journal 39 (2020). date_created: 2020-03-15T23:00:55Z date_published: 2020-03-02T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-18T07:07:36Z day: '02' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: GaNo doi: 10.15252/embj.2019103358 external_id: isi: - '000517335000001' pmid: - '32118314' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 82750a7a93e3740decbce8474004111a content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2020-03-23T13:51:11Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:00Z file_id: '7615' file_name: 2020_EMBO_Weinert.pdf file_size: 12243278 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:00Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 39' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: EMBO Journal publication_identifier: eissn: - '14602075' issn: - '02614189' publication_status: published publisher: EMBO Press quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes severe neurodegeneration tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 39 year: '2020' ...