--- _id: '7343' abstract: - lang: eng text: Coinfections with multiple pathogens can result in complex within‐host dynamics affecting virulence and transmission. While multiple infections are intensively studied in solitary hosts, it is so far unresolved how social host interactions interfere with pathogen competition, and if this depends on coinfection diversity. We studied how the collective disease defences of ants – their social immunity – influence pathogen competition in coinfections of same or different fungal pathogen species. Social immunity reduced virulence for all pathogen combinations, but interfered with spore production only in different‐species coinfections. Here, it decreased overall pathogen sporulation success while increasing co‐sporulation on individual cadavers and maintaining a higher pathogen diversity at the community level. Mathematical modelling revealed that host sanitary care alone can modulate competitive outcomes between pathogens, giving advantage to fast‐germinating, thus less grooming‐sensitive ones. Host social interactions can hence modulate infection dynamics in coinfected group members, thereby altering pathogen communities at the host level and population level. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: "We thank Bernhardt Steinwender and Jorgen Eilenberg for the fungal strains, Xavier Espadaler, Mireia Diaz, Christiane Wanke, Lumi Viljakainen and the Social Immunity Team at IST Austria, for help with ant collection, and Wanda Gorecka and Gertraud Stift of the IST Austria Life Science Facility for technical support. We are thankful to Dieter Ebert for input at all stages of the project, Roger Mundry for statistical advice, Hinrich Schulenburg, Paul Schmid-Hempel, Yuko\r\nUlrich and Joachim Kurtz for project discussion, Bor Kavcic for advice on growth curves, Marcus Roper for advice on modelling work and comments on the manuscript, as well as Marjon de Vos, Weini Huang and the Social Immunity Team for comments on the manuscript.\r\nThis study was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Priority Programme 1399 Host-parasite Coevolution (CR 118/3 to S.C.) and the People Programme\r\n(Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement no 291734 (ISTFELLOW to B.M.). " article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: letter_note author: - first_name: Barbara full_name: Milutinovic, Barbara id: 2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Milutinovic orcid: 0000-0002-8214-4758 - first_name: Miriam full_name: Stock, Miriam id: 42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Stock - first_name: Anna V full_name: Grasse, Anna V id: 406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Grasse - first_name: Elisabeth full_name: Naderlinger, Elisabeth id: 31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Naderlinger - first_name: Christian full_name: Hilbe, Christian id: 2FDF8F3C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hilbe orcid: 0000-0001-5116-955X - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Ecology Letters. 2020;23(3):565-574. doi:10.1111/ele.13458 apa: Milutinovic, B., Stock, M., Grasse, A. V., Naderlinger, E., Hilbe, C., & Cremer, S. (2020). Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Ecology Letters. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13458 chicago: Milutinovic, Barbara, Miriam Stock, Anna V Grasse, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Christian Hilbe, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens.” Ecology Letters. Wiley, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13458. ieee: B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A. V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, and S. Cremer, “Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens,” Ecology Letters, vol. 23, no. 3. Wiley, pp. 565–574, 2020. ista: Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. 2020. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Ecology Letters. 23(3), 565–574. mla: Milutinovic, Barbara, et al. “Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens.” Ecology Letters, vol. 23, no. 3, Wiley, 2020, pp. 565–74, doi:10.1111/ele.13458. short: B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A.V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, S. Cremer, Ecology Letters 23 (2020) 565–574. date_created: 2020-01-20T13:32:12Z date_published: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-05T16:04:49Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: SyCr - _id: KrCh doi: 10.1111/ele.13458 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000507515900001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 0cd8be386fa219db02845b7c3991ce04 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2020-11-19T11:27:10Z date_updated: 2020-11-19T11:27:10Z file_id: '8776' file_name: 2020_EcologyLetters_Milutinovic.pdf file_size: 561749 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2020-11-19T11:27:10Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 23' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 565-574 project: - _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '291734' name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme - _id: 25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 grant_number: CR-118/3-1 name: Host-Parasite Coevolution publication: Ecology Letters publication_identifier: eissn: - 1461-0248 issn: - 1461-023X publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on IST Homepage relation: press_release url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/social-ants-shapes-disease-outcome/ record: - id: '13060' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) short: CC BY-NC (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 23 year: '2020' ... --- _id: '13060' abstract: - lang: eng text: Coinfections with multiple pathogens can result in complex within-host dynamics affecting virulence and transmission. Whilst multiple infections are intensively studied in solitary hosts, it is so far unresolved how social host interactions interfere with pathogen competition, and if this depends on coinfection diversity. We studied how the collective disease defenses of ants – their social immunity ­– influence pathogen competition in coinfections of same or different fungal pathogen species. Social immunity reduced virulence for all pathogen combinations, but interfered with spore production only in different-species coinfections. Here, it decreased overall pathogen sporulation success, whilst simultaneously increasing co-sporulation on individual cadavers and maintaining a higher pathogen diversity at the community-level. Mathematical modeling revealed that host sanitary care alone can modulate competitive outcomes between pathogens, giving advantage to fast-germinating, thus less grooming-sensitive ones. Host social interactions can hence modulate infection dynamics in coinfected group members, thereby altering pathogen communities at the host- and population-level. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Barbara full_name: Milutinovic, Barbara id: 2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Milutinovic orcid: 0000-0002-8214-4758 - first_name: Miriam full_name: Stock, Miriam id: 42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Stock - first_name: Anna V full_name: Grasse, Anna V id: 406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Grasse - first_name: Elisabeth full_name: Naderlinger, Elisabeth id: 31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Naderlinger - first_name: Christian full_name: Hilbe, Christian id: 2FDF8F3C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hilbe orcid: 0000-0001-5116-955X - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. 2020. doi:10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318 apa: Milutinovic, B., Stock, M., Grasse, A. V., Naderlinger, E., Hilbe, C., & Cremer, S. (2020). Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318 chicago: Milutinovic, Barbara, Miriam Stock, Anna V Grasse, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Christian Hilbe, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens.” Dryad, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318. ieee: B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A. V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, and S. Cremer, “Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens.” Dryad, 2020. ista: Milutinovic B, Stock M, Grasse AV, Naderlinger E, Hilbe C, Cremer S. 2020. Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens, Dryad, 10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318. mla: Milutinovic, Barbara, et al. Social Immunity Modulates Competition between Coinfecting Pathogens. Dryad, 2020, doi:10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318. short: B. Milutinovic, M. Stock, A.V. Grasse, E. Naderlinger, C. Hilbe, S. Cremer, (2020). date_created: 2023-05-23T16:11:22Z date_published: 2020-12-19T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-05T16:04:48Z day: '19' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: SyCr - _id: KrCh doi: 10.5061/DRYAD.CRJDFN318 license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.crjdfn318 month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Dryad related_material: record: - id: '7343' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: Social immunity modulates competition between coinfecting pathogens tmp: image: /images/cc_0.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0) short: CC0 (1.0) type: research_data_reference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2020' ... --- _id: '6105' abstract: - lang: eng text: " Hosts can alter their strategy towards pathogens during their lifetime; that is, they can show phenotypic plasticity in immunity or life history. Immune priming is one such example, where a previous encounter with a pathogen confers enhanced protection upon secondary challenge, resulting in reduced pathogen load (i.e., resistance) and improved host survival. However, an initial encounter might also enhance tolerance, particularly to less virulent opportunistic pathogens that establish persistent infections. In this scenario, individuals are better able to reduce the negative fecundity consequences that result from a high pathogen burden. Finally, previous exposure may also lead to life‐history adjustments, such as terminal investment into reproduction.\r\n Using different Drosophila melanogaster host genotypes and two bacterial pathogens, Lactococcus lactis and Pseudomonas entomophila, we tested whether previous exposure results in resistance or tolerance and whether it modifies immune gene expression during an acute‐phase infection (one day post‐challenge). We then asked whether previous pathogen exposure affects chronic‐phase pathogen persistence and longer‐term survival (28 days post‐challenge).\r\n \ We predicted that previous exposure would increase host resistance to an early stage bacterial infection while it might come at a cost to host fecundity tolerance. We reasoned that resistance would be due in part to stronger immune gene expression after challenge. We expected that previous exposure would improve long‐term survival, that it would reduce infection persistence, and we expected to find genetic variation in these responses.\r\n We found that previous exposure to P. entomophila weakened host resistance to a second infection independent of genotype and had no effect on immune gene expression. Fecundity tolerance showed genotypic variation but was not influenced by previous exposure. However, L. lactis persisted as a chronic infection, whereas survivors cleared the more pathogenic P. entomophila infection.\r\n \ To our knowledge, this is the first study that addresses host tolerance to bacteria in relation to previous exposure, taking a multi‐faceted approach to address the topic. Our results suggest that previous exposure comes with transient costs to resistance during the early stage of infection in this host–pathogen system and that infection persistence may be bacterium‐specific.\r\n" article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Megan full_name: Kutzer, Megan id: 29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kutzer orcid: 0000-0002-8696-6978 - first_name: Joachim full_name: Kurtz, Joachim last_name: Kurtz - first_name: Sophie A.O. full_name: Armitage, Sophie A.O. last_name: Armitage citation: ama: Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Journal of Animal Ecology. 2019;88(4):566-578. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12953 apa: Kutzer, M., Kurtz, J., & Armitage, S. A. O. (2019). A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Journal of Animal Ecology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12953 chicago: Kutzer, Megan, Joachim Kurtz, and Sophie A.O. Armitage. “A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance.” Journal of Animal Ecology. Wiley, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12953. ieee: M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, and S. A. O. Armitage, “A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance,” Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 88, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 566–578, 2019. ista: Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. 2019. A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Journal of Animal Ecology. 88(4), 566–578. mla: Kutzer, Megan, et al. “A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance.” Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 88, no. 4, Wiley, 2019, pp. 566–78, doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12953. short: M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, S.A.O. Armitage, Journal of Animal Ecology 88 (2019) 566–578. date_created: 2019-03-17T22:59:15Z date_published: 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-25T08:04:53Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12953 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000467994800007' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 405cde15120de26018b3bd0dfa29986c content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2019-03-18T07:43:06Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:19Z file_id: '6107' file_name: 2019_JournalAnimalEcology_Kutzer.pdf file_size: 1460662 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:19Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 88' isi: 1 issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 566-578 project: - _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '291734' name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme publication: Journal of Animal Ecology publication_identifier: eissn: - '13652656' issn: - '00218790' publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9806' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 88 year: '2019' ... --- _id: '9806' abstract: - lang: eng text: 1. Hosts can alter their strategy towards pathogens during their lifetime, i.e., they can show phenotypic plasticity in immunity or life history. Immune priming is one such example, where a previous encounter with a pathogen confers enhanced protection upon secondary challenge, resulting in reduced pathogen load (i.e. resistance) and improved host survival. However, an initial encounter might also enhance tolerance, particularly to less virulent opportunistic pathogens that establish persistent infections. In this scenario, individuals are better able to reduce the negative fitness consequences that result from a high pathogen load. Finally, previous exposure may also lead to life history adjustments, such as terminal investment into reproduction. 2. Using different Drosophila melanogaster host genotypes and two bacterial pathogens, Lactococcus lactis and Pseudomonas entomophila, we tested if previous exposure results in resistance or tolerance and whether it modifies immune gene expression during an acute-phase infection (one day post-challenge). We then asked if previous pathogen exposure affects chronic-phase pathogen persistence and longer-term survival (28 days post-challenge). 3. We predicted that previous exposure would increase host resistance to an early stage bacterial infection while it might come at a cost to host fecundity tolerance. We reasoned that resistance would be due in part to stronger immune gene expression after challenge. We expected that previous exposure would improve long-term survival, that it would reduce infection persistence, and we expected to find genetic variation in these responses. 4. We found that previous exposure to P. entomophila weakened host resistance to a second infection independent of genotype and had no effect on immune gene expression. Fecundity tolerance showed genotypic variation but was not influenced by previous exposure. However, L. lactis persisted as a chronic infection, whereas survivors cleared the more pathogenic P. entomophila infection. 5. To our knowledge, this is the first study that addresses host tolerance to bacteria in relation to previous exposure, taking a multi-faceted approach to address the topic. Our results suggest that previous exposure comes with transient costs to resistance during the early stage of infection in this host-pathogen system and that infection persistence may be bacterium-specific. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Megan full_name: Kutzer, Megan id: 29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kutzer orcid: 0000-0002-8696-6978 - first_name: Joachim full_name: Kurtz, Joachim last_name: Kurtz - first_name: Sophie A.O. full_name: Armitage, Sophie A.O. last_name: Armitage citation: ama: 'Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. 2019. doi:10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0' apa: 'Kutzer, M., Kurtz, J., & Armitage, S. A. O. (2019). Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0' chicago: 'Kutzer, Megan, Joachim Kurtz, and Sophie A.O. Armitage. “Data from: A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance.” Dryad, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0.' ieee: 'M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, and S. A. O. Armitage, “Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance.” Dryad, 2019.' ista: 'Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage SAO. 2019. Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0.' mla: 'Kutzer, Megan, et al. Data from: A Multi-Faceted Approach Testing the Effects of Previous Bacterial Exposure on Resistance and Tolerance. Dryad, 2019, doi:10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0.' short: M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, S.A.O. Armitage, (2019). date_created: 2021-08-06T12:06:40Z date_published: 2019-02-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-25T08:04:52Z day: '05' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kj41f0 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Dryad related_material: record: - id: '6105' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: 'Data from: A multi-faceted approach testing the effects of previous bacterial exposure on resistance and tolerance' type: research_data_reference user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf year: '2019' ... --- _id: '6415' abstract: - lang: eng text: Ant invasions are often harmful to native species communities. Their pathogens and host disease defense mechanisms may be one component of their devastating success. First, they can introduce harmful diseases to their competitors in the introduced range, to which they themselves are tolerant. Second, their supercolonial social structure of huge multi-queen nest networks means that they will harbor a broad pathogen spectrum and high pathogen load while remaining resilient, unlike the smaller, territorial colonies of the native species. Thus, it is likely that invasive ants act as a disease reservoir, promoting their competitive advantage and invasive success. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Cremer S. Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 2019;33:63-68. doi:10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011 apa: Cremer, S. (2019). Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011 chicago: Cremer, Sylvia. “Pathogens and Disease Defense of Invasive Ants.” Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011. ieee: S. Cremer, “Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants,” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 33. Elsevier, pp. 63–68, 2019. ista: Cremer S. 2019. Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 33, 63–68. mla: Cremer, Sylvia. “Pathogens and Disease Defense of Invasive Ants.” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 33, Elsevier, 2019, pp. 63–68, doi:10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011. short: S. Cremer, Current Opinion in Insect Science 33 (2019) 63–68. date_created: 2019-05-13T07:58:36Z date_published: 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-25T10:31:31Z day: '01' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011 external_id: isi: - '000477666000012' intvolume: ' 33' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa_version: None page: 63-68 publication: Current Opinion in Insect Science publication_identifier: eissn: - '22145753' issn: - '22145745' publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 33 year: '2019' ... --- _id: '6552' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'When animals become sick, infected cells and an armada of activated immune cells attempt to eliminate the pathogen from the body. Once infectious particles have breached the body''s physical barriers of the skin or gut lining, an initially local response quickly escalates into a systemic response, attracting mobile immune cells to the site of infection. These cells complement the initial, unspecific defense with a more specialized, targeted response. This can also provide long-term immune memory and protection against future infection. The cell-autonomous defenses of the infected cells are thus aided by the actions of recruited immune cells. These specialized cells are the most mobile cells in the body, constantly patrolling through the otherwise static tissue to detect incoming pathogens. Such constant immune surveillance means infections are noticed immediately and can be rapidly cleared from the body. Some immune cells also remove infected cells that have succumbed to infection. All this prevents pathogen replication and spread to healthy tissues. Although this may involve the sacrifice of some somatic tissue, this is typically replaced quickly. Particular care is, however, given to the reproductive organs, which should always remain disease free (immune privilege). ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Cremer S. Social immunity in insects. Current Biology. 2019;29(11):R458-R463. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035 apa: Cremer, S. (2019). Social immunity in insects. Current Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035 chicago: Cremer, Sylvia. “Social Immunity in Insects.” Current Biology. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035. ieee: S. Cremer, “Social immunity in insects,” Current Biology, vol. 29, no. 11. Elsevier, pp. R458–R463, 2019. ista: Cremer S. 2019. Social immunity in insects. Current Biology. 29(11), R458–R463. mla: Cremer, Sylvia. “Social Immunity in Insects.” Current Biology, vol. 29, no. 11, Elsevier, 2019, pp. R458–63, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035. short: S. Cremer, Current Biology 29 (2019) R458–R463. date_created: 2019-06-09T21:59:10Z date_published: 2019-06-03T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-28T09:38:00Z day: '03' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035 external_id: isi: - '000470902000023' pmid: - '31163158' intvolume: ' 29' isi: 1 issue: '11' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.035 month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: R458-R463 pmid: 1 publication: Current Biology publication_identifier: issn: - '09609822' publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Social immunity in insects type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 29 year: '2019' ... --- _id: '7513' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Social insects (i.e., ants, termites and the social bees and wasps) protect their colonies from disease using a combination of individual immunity and collectively performed defenses, termed social immunity. The first line of social immune defense is sanitary care, which is performed by colony members to protect their pathogen-exposed nestmates from developing an infection. If sanitary care fails and an infection becomes established, a second line of social immune defense is deployed to stop disease transmission within the colony and to protect the valuable queens, which together with the males are the reproductive individuals of the colony. Insect colonies are separated into these reproductive individuals and the sterile worker force, forming a superorganismal reproductive unit reminiscent of the differentiated germline and soma in a multicellular organism. Ultimately, the social immune response preserves the germline of the superorganism insect colony and increases overall fitness of the colony in case of disease. ' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 - first_name: Megan full_name: Kutzer, Megan id: 29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kutzer orcid: 0000-0002-8696-6978 citation: ama: 'Cremer S, Kutzer M. Social immunity. In: Choe J, ed. Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior. 2nd ed. Elsevier; 2019:747-755. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0' apa: Cremer, S., & Kutzer, M. (2019). Social immunity. In J. Choe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior (2nd ed., pp. 747–755). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0 chicago: Cremer, Sylvia, and Megan Kutzer. “Social Immunity.” In Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, edited by Jae Choe, 2nd ed., 747–55. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0. ieee: S. Cremer and M. Kutzer, “Social immunity,” in Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 2nd ed., J. Choe, Ed. Elsevier, 2019, pp. 747–755. ista: 'Cremer S, Kutzer M. 2019.Social immunity. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior. , 747–755.' mla: Cremer, Sylvia, and Megan Kutzer. “Social Immunity.” Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, edited by Jae Choe, 2nd ed., Elsevier, 2019, pp. 747–55, doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0. short: S. Cremer, M. Kutzer, in:, J. Choe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 2nd ed., Elsevier, 2019, pp. 747–755. date_created: 2020-02-23T23:00:36Z date_published: 2019-02-06T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-08T11:12:04Z day: '06' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.90721-0 edition: '2' editor: - first_name: Jae full_name: Choe, Jae last_name: Choe external_id: isi: - '000248989500026' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa_version: None page: 747-755 publication: Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9780128132524' isbn: - '9780128132517' publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Social immunity type: book_chapter user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 year: '2019' ... --- _id: '6435' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Social insect colonies tend to have numerous members which function together like a single organism in such harmony that the term ``super-organism'' is often used. In this analogy the reproductive caste is analogous to the primordial germ\r\ncells of a metazoan, while the sterile worker caste corresponds to somatic cells. The worker castes, like tissues, are\r\nin charge of all functions of a living being, besides reproduction. The establishment of new super-organismal units\r\n(i.e. new colonies) is accomplished by the co-dependent castes. The term oftentimes goes beyond a metaphor. We invoke it when we speak about the metabolic rate, thermoregulation, nutrient regulation and gas exchange of a social insect colony. Furthermore, we assert that the super-organism has an immune system, and benefits from ``social immunity''.\r\n\r\nSocial immunity was first summoned by evolutionary biologists to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the expected high frequency of disease outbreak amongst numerous, closely related tightly-interacting hosts, living in stable and microbially-rich environments, against the exceptionally scarce epidemic accounts in natural populations. Social\r\nimmunity comprises a multi-layer assembly of behaviours which have evolved to effectively keep the pathogenic enemies of a colony at bay. The field of social immunity has drawn interest, as it becomes increasingly urgent to stop\r\nthe collapse of pollinator species and curb the growth of invasive pests. In the past decade, several mechanisms of\r\nsocial immune responses have been dissected, but many more questions remain open.\r\n\r\nI present my work in two experimental chapters. In the first, I use invasive garden ants (*Lasius neglectus*) to study how pathogen load and its distribution among nestmates affect the grooming response of the group. Any given group of ants will carry out the same total grooming work, but will direct their grooming effort towards individuals\r\ncarrying a relatively higher spore load. Contrary to expectation, the highest risk of transmission does not stem from grooming highly contaminated ants, but instead, we suggest that the grooming response likely minimizes spore loss to the environment, reducing contamination from inadvertent pickup from the substrate.\r\n\r\nThe second is a comparative developmental approach. I follow black garden ant queens (*Lasius niger*) and their colonies from mating flight, through hibernation for a year. Colonies which grow fast from the start, have a lower chance of survival through hibernation, and those which survive grow at a lower pace later. This is true for colonies of naive\r\nand challenged queens. Early pathogen exposure of the queens changes colony dynamics in an unexpected way: colonies from exposed queens are more likely to grow slowly and recover in numbers only after they survive hibernation.\r\n\r\nIn addition to the two experimental chapters, this thesis includes a co-authored published review on organisational\r\nimmunity, where we enlist the experimental evidence and theoretical framework on which this hypothesis is built,\r\nidentify the caveats and underline how the field is ripe to overcome them. In a final chapter, I describe my part in\r\ntwo collaborative efforts, one to develop an image-based tracker, and the second to develop a classifier for ant\r\nbehaviour." acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: ScienComp - _id: M-Shop - _id: LifeSc alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Barbara E full_name: Casillas Perez, Barbara E id: 351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Casillas Perez citation: ama: Casillas Perez BE. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen. 2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435 apa: Casillas Perez, B. E. (2019). Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435 chicago: Casillas Perez, Barbara E. “Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal Pathogen.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435. ieee: B. E. Casillas Perez, “Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. ista: Casillas Perez BE. 2019. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Casillas Perez, Barbara E. Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal Pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435. short: B.E. Casillas Perez, Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal Pathogen, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. date_created: 2019-05-13T08:58:35Z date_published: 2019-05-07T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:57:04Z day: '07' ddc: - '570' - '006' - '578' - '592' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 6daf2d2086111aa8fd3fbc919a3e2833 content_type: application/pdf creator: casillas date_created: 2019-05-13T09:16:20Z date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z embargo: 2020-05-08 file_id: '6438' file_name: tesisDoctoradoBC.pdf file_size: 3895187 relation: main_file - access_level: closed checksum: 3d221aaff7559a7060230a1ff610594f content_type: application/zip creator: casillas date_created: 2019-05-13T09:16:20Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:30Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '6439' file_name: tesisDoctoradoBC.zip file_size: 7365118 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - Social Immunity - Sanitary care - Social Insects - Organisational Immunity - Colony development - Multi-target tracking language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '183' project: - _id: 2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '771402' name: Epidemics in ant societies on a chip publication_identifier: issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '1999' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Sylvia M full_name: Cremer, Sylvia M id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 title: Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen type: dissertation user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 year: '2019' ... --- _id: '413' abstract: - lang: eng text: Being cared for when sick is a benefit of sociality that can reduce disease and improve survival of group members. However, individuals providing care risk contracting infectious diseases themselves. If they contract a low pathogen dose, they may develop low-level infections that do not cause disease but still affect host immunity by either decreasing or increasing the host’s vulnerability to subsequent infections. Caring for contagious individuals can thus significantly alter the future disease susceptibility of caregivers. Using ants and their fungal pathogens as a model system, we tested if the altered disease susceptibility of experienced caregivers, in turn, affects their expression of sanitary care behavior. We found that low-level infections contracted during sanitary care had protective or neutral effects on secondary exposure to the same (homologous) pathogen but consistently caused high mortality on superinfection with a different (heterologous) pathogen. In response to this risk, the ants selectively adjusted the expression of their sanitary care. Specifically, the ants performed less grooming and more antimicrobial disinfection when caring for nestmates contaminated with heterologous pathogens compared with homologous ones. By modulating the components of sanitary care in this way the ants acquired less infectious particles of the heterologous pathogens, resulting in reduced superinfection. The performance of risk-adjusted sanitary care reveals the remarkable capacity of ants to react to changes in their disease susceptibility, according to their own infection history and to flexibly adjust collective care to individual risk. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Matthias full_name: Konrad, Matthias id: 46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Konrad - first_name: Christopher full_name: Pull, Christopher id: 3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pull orcid: 0000-0003-1122-3982 - first_name: Sina full_name: Metzler, Sina id: 48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Metzler orcid: 0000-0002-9547-2494 - first_name: Katharina full_name: Seif, Katharina id: 90F7894A-02CF-11E9-976E-E38CFE5CBC1D last_name: Seif - first_name: Elisabeth full_name: Naderlinger, Elisabeth id: 31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Naderlinger - first_name: Anna V full_name: Grasse, Anna V id: 406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Grasse - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Konrad M, Pull C, Metzler S, et al. Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care. PNAS. 2018;115(11):2782-2787. doi:10.1073/pnas.1713501115 apa: Konrad, M., Pull, C., Metzler, S., Seif, K., Naderlinger, E., Grasse, A. V., & Cremer, S. (2018). Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care. PNAS. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1713501115 chicago: Konrad, Matthias, Christopher Pull, Sina Metzler, Katharina Seif, Elisabeth Naderlinger, Anna V Grasse, and Sylvia Cremer. “Ants Avoid Superinfections by Performing Risk-Adjusted Sanitary Care.” PNAS. National Academy of Sciences, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1713501115. ieee: M. Konrad et al., “Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care,” PNAS, vol. 115, no. 11. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 2782–2787, 2018. ista: Konrad M, Pull C, Metzler S, Seif K, Naderlinger E, Grasse AV, Cremer S. 2018. Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care. PNAS. 115(11), 2782–2787. mla: Konrad, Matthias, et al. “Ants Avoid Superinfections by Performing Risk-Adjusted Sanitary Care.” PNAS, vol. 115, no. 11, National Academy of Sciences, 2018, pp. 2782–87, doi:10.1073/pnas.1713501115. short: M. Konrad, C. Pull, S. Metzler, K. Seif, E. Naderlinger, A.V. Grasse, S. Cremer, PNAS 115 (2018) 2782–2787. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:20Z date_published: 2018-03-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-08T13:22:21Z day: '13' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1073/pnas.1713501115 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000427245400069' pmid: - '29463746' intvolume: ' 115' isi: 1 issue: '11' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29463746 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 2782 - 2787 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '243071' name: 'Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects' publication: PNAS publication_status: published publisher: National Academy of Sciences publist_id: '7416' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on IST Homepage relation: press_release url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/helping-in-spite-of-risk-ants-perform-risk-averse-sanitary-care-of-infectious-nest-mates/ scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Ants avoid superinfections by performing risk-adjusted sanitary care type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 115 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '616' abstract: - lang: eng text: Social insects protect their colonies from infectious disease through collective defences that result in social immunity. In ants, workers first try to prevent infection of colony members. Here, we show that if this fails and a pathogen establishes an infection, ants employ an efficient multicomponent behaviour − "destructive disinfection" − to prevent further spread of disease through the colony. Ants specifically target infected pupae during the pathogen's non-contagious incubation period, relying on chemical 'sickness cues' emitted by pupae. They then remove the pupal cocoon, perforate its cuticle and administer antimicrobial poison, which enters the body and prevents pathogen replication from the inside out. Like the immune system of a body that specifically targets and eliminates infected cells, this social immunity measure sacrifices infected brood to stop the pathogen completing its lifecycle, thus protecting the rest of the colony. Hence, the same principles of disease defence apply at different levels of biological organisation. article_number: e32073 article_processing_charge: Yes author: - first_name: Christopher full_name: Pull, Christopher id: 3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pull orcid: 0000-0003-1122-3982 - first_name: Line V full_name: Ugelvig, Line V id: 3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Ugelvig orcid: 0000-0003-1832-8883 - first_name: Florian full_name: Wiesenhofer, Florian id: 39523C54-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Wiesenhofer - first_name: Anna V full_name: Grasse, Anna V id: 406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Grasse - first_name: Simon full_name: Tragust, Simon id: 35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Tragust - first_name: Thomas full_name: Schmitt, Thomas last_name: Schmitt - first_name: Mark full_name: Brown, Mark last_name: Brown - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Pull C, Ugelvig LV, Wiesenhofer F, et al. Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies. eLife. 2018;7. doi:10.7554/eLife.32073 apa: Pull, C., Ugelvig, L. V., Wiesenhofer, F., Grasse, A. V., Tragust, S., Schmitt, T., … Cremer, S. (2018). Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32073 chicago: Pull, Christopher, Line V Ugelvig, Florian Wiesenhofer, Anna V Grasse, Simon Tragust, Thomas Schmitt, Mark Brown, and Sylvia Cremer. “Destructive Disinfection of Infected Brood Prevents Systemic Disease Spread in Ant Colonies.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.32073. ieee: C. Pull et al., “Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies,” eLife, vol. 7. eLife Sciences Publications, 2018. ista: Pull C, Ugelvig LV, Wiesenhofer F, Grasse AV, Tragust S, Schmitt T, Brown M, Cremer S. 2018. Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies. eLife. 7, e32073. mla: Pull, Christopher, et al. “Destructive Disinfection of Infected Brood Prevents Systemic Disease Spread in Ant Colonies.” ELife, vol. 7, e32073, eLife Sciences Publications, 2018, doi:10.7554/eLife.32073. short: C. Pull, L.V. Ugelvig, F. Wiesenhofer, A.V. Grasse, S. Tragust, T. Schmitt, M. Brown, S. Cremer, ELife 7 (2018). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:31Z date_published: 2018-01-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T12:54:26Z day: '09' ddc: - '570' - '590' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.7554/eLife.32073 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000419601300001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 540f941e8d3530a9441e4affd94f07d7 content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:10:43Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:20Z file_id: '4832' file_name: IST-2018-978-v1+1_elife-32073-v1.pdf file_size: 1435585 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:20Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 7' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '243071' name: 'Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects' - _id: 25DDF0F0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '302004' name: 'Pathogen Detectors Collective disease defence and pathogen detection abilities in ant societies: a chemo-neuro-immunological approach' publication: eLife publication_status: published publisher: eLife Sciences Publications publist_id: '7188' pubrep_id: '978' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '819' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 7 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '617' abstract: - lang: eng text: Insects are exposed to a variety of potential pathogens in their environment, many of which can severely impact fitness and health. Consequently, hosts have evolved resistance and tolerance strategies to suppress or cope with infections. Hosts utilizing resistance improve fitness by clearing or reducing pathogen loads, and hosts utilizing tolerance reduce harmful fitness effects per pathogen load. To understand variation in, and selective pressures on, resistance and tolerance, we asked to what degree they are shaped by host genetic background, whether plasticity in these responses depends upon dietary environment, and whether there are interactions between these two factors. Females from ten wild-type Drosophila melanogaster genotypes were kept on high- or low-protein (yeast) diets and infected with one of two opportunistic bacterial pathogens, Lactococcus lactis or Pseudomonas entomophila. We measured host resistance as the inverse of bacterial load in the early infection phase. The relationship (slope) between fly fecundity and individual-level bacteria load provided our fecundity tolerance measure. Genotype and dietary yeast determined host fecundity and strongly affected survival after infection with pathogenic P. entomophila. There was considerable genetic variation in host resistance, a commonly found phenomenon resulting from for example varying resistance costs or frequency-dependent selection. Despite this variation and the reproductive cost of higher P. entomophila loads, fecundity tolerance did not vary across genotypes. The absence of genetic variation in tolerance may suggest that at this early infection stage, fecundity tolerance is fixed or that any evolved tolerance mechanisms are not expressed under these infection conditions. acknowledgement: 'We would like to thank Susann Wicke for performing the genome-wide SNP/indel analyses, as well as Veronica Alves, Kevin Ferro, Momir Futo, Barbara Hasert, Dafne Maximo, Nora Schulz, Marlene Sroka, and Barth Wieczorek for technical help. We thank Brian Lazzaro for the L. lactis strain and Bruno Lemaitre for the Pseudomonas entomophila strain. We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. We are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) priority programme 1399 ‘Host parasite coevolution’ for funding this project (AR 872/1-1). ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Megan full_name: Kutzer, Megan id: 29D0B332-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kutzer orcid: 0000-0002-8696-6978 - first_name: Joachim full_name: Kurtz, Joachim last_name: Kurtz - first_name: Sophie full_name: Armitage, Sophie last_name: Armitage citation: ama: Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage S. Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2018;31(1):159-171. doi:10.1111/jeb.13211 apa: Kutzer, M., Kurtz, J., & Armitage, S. (2018). Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13211 chicago: Kutzer, Megan, Joachim Kurtz, and Sophie Armitage. “Genotype and Diet Affect Resistance, Survival, and Fecundity but Not Fecundity Tolerance.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13211. ieee: M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, and S. Armitage, “Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance,” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 31, no. 1. Wiley, pp. 159–171, 2018. ista: Kutzer M, Kurtz J, Armitage S. 2018. Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 31(1), 159–171. mla: Kutzer, Megan, et al. “Genotype and Diet Affect Resistance, Survival, and Fecundity but Not Fecundity Tolerance.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 31, no. 1, Wiley, 2018, pp. 159–71, doi:10.1111/jeb.13211. short: M. Kutzer, J. Kurtz, S. Armitage, Journal of Evolutionary Biology 31 (2018) 159–171. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:31Z date_published: 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-11T14:06:04Z day: '01' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1111/jeb.13211 external_id: isi: - '000419307000014' pmid: - '29150962' intvolume: ' 31' isi: 1 issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13211 month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 159 - 171 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Evolutionary Biology publication_identifier: eissn: - 1420-9101 issn: - 1010-061X publication_status: published publisher: Wiley publist_id: '7187' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Genotype and diet affect resistance, survival, and fecundity but not fecundity tolerance type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 31 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '426' abstract: - lang: eng text: Sperm cells are the most morphologically diverse cells across animal taxa. Within species, sperm and ejaculate traits have been suggested to vary with the male's competitive environment, e.g., level of sperm competition, female mating status and quality, and also with male age, body mass, physiological condition, and resource availability. Most previous studies have based their conclusions on the analysis of only one or a few ejaculates per male without investigating differences among the ejaculates of the same individual. This masks potential ejaculate-specific traits. Here, we provide data on the length, quantity, and viability of sperm ejaculated by wingless males of the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior. Males of this ant species are relatively long-lived and can mate with large numbers of female sexuals throughout their lives. We analyzed all ejaculates across the individuals' lifespan and manipulated the availability of mating partners. Our study shows that both the number and size of sperm cells transferred during copulations differ among individuals and also among ejaculates of the same male. Sperm quality does not decrease with male age, but the variation in sperm number between ejaculates indicates that males need considerable time to replenish their sperm supplies. Producing many ejaculates in a short time appears to be traded-off against male longevity rather than sperm quality. acknowledgement: "Research with C. obscurior from Brazil was permitted by Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis, IBAMA (permit no. 20324-1). We thank the German Science Foundation ( DFG ) for funding ( Schr1135/2-1 ), T. Suckert for help with sperm length measurements and A.K. Huylmans for advice concerning graphs. One referee made helpful comments on the manuscript.\r\n" article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Sina full_name: Metzler, Sina id: 48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Metzler orcid: 0000-0002-9547-2494 - first_name: Alexandra full_name: Schrempf, Alexandra last_name: Schrempf - first_name: Jürgen full_name: Heinze, Jürgen last_name: Heinze citation: ama: Metzler S, Schrempf A, Heinze J. Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males. Journal of Insect Physiology. 2018;107:284-290. doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003 apa: Metzler, S., Schrempf, A., & Heinze, J. (2018). Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males. Journal of Insect Physiology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003 chicago: Metzler, Sina, Alexandra Schrempf, and Jürgen Heinze. “Individual- and Ejaculate-Specific Sperm Traits in Ant Males.” Journal of Insect Physiology. Elsevier, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003. ieee: S. Metzler, A. Schrempf, and J. Heinze, “Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males,” Journal of Insect Physiology, vol. 107. Elsevier, pp. 284–290, 2018. ista: Metzler S, Schrempf A, Heinze J. 2018. Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males. Journal of Insect Physiology. 107, 284–290. mla: Metzler, Sina, et al. “Individual- and Ejaculate-Specific Sperm Traits in Ant Males.” Journal of Insect Physiology, vol. 107, Elsevier, 2018, pp. 284–90, doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003. short: S. Metzler, A. Schrempf, J. Heinze, Journal of Insect Physiology 107 (2018) 284–290. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:25Z date_published: 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-12T07:43:26Z day: '01' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.12.003 external_id: isi: - '000434751100034' intvolume: ' 107' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa_version: None page: 284-290 publication: Journal of Insect Physiology publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '7397' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Individual- and ejaculate-specific sperm traits in ant males type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 107 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '194' abstract: - lang: eng text: Ants are emerging model systems to study cellular signaling because distinct castes possess different physiologic phenotypes within the same colony. Here we studied the functionality of inotocin signaling, an insect ortholog of mammalian oxytocin (OT), which was recently discovered in ants. In Lasius ants, we determined that specialization within the colony, seasonal factors, and physiologic conditions down-regulated the expression of the OT-like signaling system. Given this natural variation, we interrogated its function using RNAi knockdowns. Next-generation RNA sequencing of OT-like precursor knock-down ants highlighted its role in the regulation of genes involved in metabolism. Knock-down ants exhibited higher walking activity and increased self-grooming in the brood chamber. We propose that OT-like signaling in ants is important for regulating metabolic processes and locomotion. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Zita full_name: Liutkeviciute, Zita last_name: Liutkeviciute - first_name: Esther full_name: Gil Mansilla, Esther last_name: Gil Mansilla - first_name: Thomas full_name: Eder, Thomas last_name: Eder - first_name: Barbara E full_name: Casillas Perez, Barbara E id: 351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Casillas Perez - first_name: Maria full_name: Giulia Di Giglio, Maria last_name: Giulia Di Giglio - first_name: Edin full_name: Muratspahić, Edin last_name: Muratspahić - first_name: Florian full_name: Grebien, Florian last_name: Grebien - first_name: Thomas full_name: Rattei, Thomas last_name: Rattei - first_name: Markus full_name: Muttenthaler, Markus last_name: Muttenthaler - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 - first_name: Christian full_name: Gruber, Christian last_name: Gruber citation: ama: Liutkeviciute Z, Gil Mansilla E, Eder T, et al. Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity. The FASEB Journal. 2018;32(12):6808-6821. doi:10.1096/fj.201800443 apa: Liutkeviciute, Z., Gil Mansilla, E., Eder, T., Casillas Perez, B. E., Giulia Di Giglio, M., Muratspahić, E., … Gruber, C. (2018). Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity. The FASEB Journal. FASEB. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800443 chicago: Liutkeviciute, Zita, Esther Gil Mansilla, Thomas Eder, Barbara E Casillas Perez, Maria Giulia Di Giglio, Edin Muratspahić, Florian Grebien, et al. “Oxytocin-like Signaling in Ants Influences Metabolic Gene Expression and Locomotor Activity.” The FASEB Journal. FASEB, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800443. ieee: Z. Liutkeviciute et al., “Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity,” The FASEB Journal, vol. 32, no. 12. FASEB, pp. 6808–6821, 2018. ista: Liutkeviciute Z, Gil Mansilla E, Eder T, Casillas Perez BE, Giulia Di Giglio M, Muratspahić E, Grebien F, Rattei T, Muttenthaler M, Cremer S, Gruber C. 2018. Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity. The FASEB Journal. 32(12), 6808–6821. mla: Liutkeviciute, Zita, et al. “Oxytocin-like Signaling in Ants Influences Metabolic Gene Expression and Locomotor Activity.” The FASEB Journal, vol. 32, no. 12, FASEB, 2018, pp. 6808–21, doi:10.1096/fj.201800443. short: Z. Liutkeviciute, E. Gil Mansilla, T. Eder, B.E. Casillas Perez, M. Giulia Di Giglio, E. Muratspahić, F. Grebien, T. Rattei, M. Muttenthaler, S. Cremer, C. Gruber, The FASEB Journal 32 (2018) 6808–6821. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:08Z date_published: 2018-11-29T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-13T09:37:32Z day: '29' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1096/fj.201800443 external_id: isi: - '000449359700035' pmid: - '29939785' intvolume: ' 32' isi: 1 issue: '12' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: ' https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800443' month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 6808-6821 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 25E3D34E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 name: Individual function and social role of oxytocin-like neuropeptides in ants publication: The FASEB Journal publication_identifier: issn: - '08926638' publication_status: published publisher: FASEB publist_id: '7721' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Oxytocin-like signaling in ants influences metabolic gene expression and locomotor activity type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 32 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '55' abstract: - lang: eng text: Many animals use antimicrobials to prevent or cure disease [1,2]. For example, some animals will ingest plants with medicinal properties, both prophylactically to prevent infection and therapeutically to self-medicate when sick. Antimicrobial substances are also used as topical disinfectants, to prevent infection, protect offspring and to sanitise their surroundings [1,2]. Social insects (ants, bees, wasps and termites) build nests in environments with a high abundance and diversity of pathogenic microorganisms — such as soil and rotting wood — and colonies are often densely crowded, creating conditions that favour disease outbreaks. Consequently, social insects have evolved collective disease defences to protect their colonies from epidemics. These traits can be seen as functionally analogous to the immune system of individual organisms [3,4]. This ‘social immunity’ utilises antimicrobials to prevent and eradicate infections, and to keep the brood and nest clean. However, these antimicrobial compounds can be harmful to the insects themselves, and it is unknown how colonies prevent collateral damage when using them. Here, we demonstrate that antimicrobial acids, produced by workers to disinfect the colony, are harmful to the delicate pupal brood stage, but that the pupae are protected from the acids by the presence of a silk cocoon. Garden ants spray their nests with an antimicrobial poison to sanitize contaminated nestmates and brood. Here, Pull et al show that they also prophylactically sanitise their colonies, and that the silk cocoon serves as a barrier to protect developing pupae, thus preventing collateral damage during nest sanitation. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Christopher full_name: Pull, Christopher id: 3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pull orcid: 0000-0003-1122-3982 - first_name: Sina full_name: Metzler, Sina id: 48204546-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Metzler orcid: 0000-0002-9547-2494 - first_name: Elisabeth full_name: Naderlinger, Elisabeth id: 31757262-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Naderlinger - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Pull C, Metzler S, Naderlinger E, Cremer S. Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants. Current Biology. 2018;28(19):R1139-R1140. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063 apa: Pull, C., Metzler, S., Naderlinger, E., & Cremer, S. (2018). Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants. Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063 chicago: Pull, Christopher, Sina Metzler, Elisabeth Naderlinger, and Sylvia Cremer. “Protection against the Lethal Side Effects of Social Immunity in Ants.” Current Biology. Cell Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063. ieee: C. Pull, S. Metzler, E. Naderlinger, and S. Cremer, “Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants,” Current Biology, vol. 28, no. 19. Cell Press, pp. R1139–R1140, 2018. ista: Pull C, Metzler S, Naderlinger E, Cremer S. 2018. Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants. Current Biology. 28(19), R1139–R1140. mla: Pull, Christopher, et al. “Protection against the Lethal Side Effects of Social Immunity in Ants.” Current Biology, vol. 28, no. 19, Cell Press, 2018, pp. R1139–40, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063. short: C. Pull, S. Metzler, E. Naderlinger, S. Cremer, Current Biology 28 (2018) R1139–R1140. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:23Z date_published: 2018-10-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-15T12:06:46Z day: '08' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063 external_id: isi: - '000446693400008' intvolume: ' 28' isi: 1 issue: '19' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.063 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: R1139 - R1140 publication: Current Biology publication_status: published publisher: Cell Press publist_id: '7999' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Protection against the lethal side effects of social immunity in ants type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 28 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '29' abstract: - lang: eng text: Social insects have evolved enormous capacities to collectively build nests and defend their colonies against both predators and pathogens. The latter is achieved by a combination of individual immune responses and sophisticated collective behavioral and organizational disease defenses, that is, social immunity. We investigated how the presence or absence of these social defense lines affects individual-level immunity in ant queens after bacterial infection. To this end, we injected queens of the ant Linepithema humile with a mix of gram+ and gram− bacteria or a control solution, reared them either with workers or alone and analyzed their gene expression patterns at 2, 4, 8, and 12 hr post-injection, using RNA-seq. This allowed us to test for the effect of bacterial infection, social context, as well as the interaction between the two over the course of infection and raising of an immune response. We found that social isolation per se affected queen gene expression for metabolism genes, but not for immune genes. When infected, queens reared with and without workers up-regulated similar numbers of innate immune genes revealing activation of Toll and Imd signaling pathways and melanization. Interestingly, however, they mostly regulated different genes along the pathways and showed a different pattern of overall gene up-regulation or down-regulation. Hence, we can conclude that the absence of workers does not compromise the onset of an individual immune response by the queens, but that the social environment impacts the route of the individual innate immune responses. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Lumi full_name: Viljakainen, Lumi last_name: Viljakainen - first_name: Jaana full_name: Jurvansuu, Jaana last_name: Jurvansuu - first_name: Ida full_name: Holmberg, Ida last_name: Holmberg - first_name: Tobias full_name: Pamminger, Tobias last_name: Pamminger - first_name: Silvio full_name: Erler, Silvio last_name: Erler - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 citation: ama: Viljakainen L, Jurvansuu J, Holmberg I, Pamminger T, Erler S, Cremer S. Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens. Ecology and Evolution. 2018;8(22):11031-11070. doi:10.1002/ece3.4573 apa: Viljakainen, L., Jurvansuu, J., Holmberg, I., Pamminger, T., Erler, S., & Cremer, S. (2018). Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens. Ecology and Evolution. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4573 chicago: Viljakainen, Lumi, Jaana Jurvansuu, Ida Holmberg, Tobias Pamminger, Silvio Erler, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Environment Affects the Transcriptomic Response to Bacteria in Ant Queens.” Ecology and Evolution. Wiley, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4573. ieee: L. Viljakainen, J. Jurvansuu, I. Holmberg, T. Pamminger, S. Erler, and S. Cremer, “Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens,” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 8, no. 22. Wiley, pp. 11031–11070, 2018. ista: Viljakainen L, Jurvansuu J, Holmberg I, Pamminger T, Erler S, Cremer S. 2018. Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens. Ecology and Evolution. 8(22), 11031–11070. mla: Viljakainen, Lumi, et al. “Social Environment Affects the Transcriptomic Response to Bacteria in Ant Queens.” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 8, no. 22, Wiley, 2018, pp. 11031–70, doi:10.1002/ece3.4573. short: L. Viljakainen, J. Jurvansuu, I. Holmberg, T. Pamminger, S. Erler, S. Cremer, Ecology and Evolution 8 (2018) 11031–11070. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:15Z date_published: 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-19T09:29:12Z day: '01' ddc: - '576' - '591' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1002/ece3.4573 external_id: isi: - '000451611000032' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 0d1355c78627ca7210aadd9a17a01915 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2018-12-17T08:27:04Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:52Z file_id: '5682' file_name: Viljakainen_et_al-2018-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf file_size: 1272096 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:52Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 8' isi: 1 issue: '22' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 11031-11070 publication: Ecology and Evolution publication_identifier: issn: - '20457758' publication_status: published publisher: Wiley publist_id: '8026' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Social environment affects the transcriptomic response to bacteria in ant queens tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 8 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '806' abstract: - lang: eng text: Social insect colonies have evolved many collectively performed adaptations that reduce the impact of infectious disease and that are expected to maximize their fitness. This colony-level protection is termed social immunity, and it enhances the health and survival of the colony. In this review, we address how social immunity emerges from its mechanistic components to produce colony-level disease avoidance, resistance, and tolerance. To understand the evolutionary causes and consequences of social immunity, we highlight the need for studies that evaluate the effects of social immunity on colony fitness. We discuss the role that host life history and ecology have on predicted eco-evolutionary dynamics, which differ among the social insect lineages. Throughout the review, we highlight current gaps in our knowledge and promising avenues for future research, which we hope will bring us closer to an integrated understanding of socio-eco-evo-immunology. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 - first_name: Christopher full_name: Pull, Christopher id: 3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pull orcid: 0000-0003-1122-3982 - first_name: Matthias full_name: Fürst, Matthias id: 393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Fürst orcid: 0000-0002-3712-925X citation: ama: 'Cremer S, Pull C, Fürst M. Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection. Annual Review of Entomology. 2018;63:105-123. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110' apa: 'Cremer, S., Pull, C., & Fürst, M. (2018). Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection. Annual Review of Entomology. Annual Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110' chicago: 'Cremer, Sylvia, Christopher Pull, and Matthias Fürst. “Social Immunity: Emergence and Evolution of Colony-Level Disease Protection.” Annual Review of Entomology. Annual Reviews, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110.' ieee: 'S. Cremer, C. Pull, and M. Fürst, “Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection,” Annual Review of Entomology, vol. 63. Annual Reviews, pp. 105–123, 2018.' ista: 'Cremer S, Pull C, Fürst M. 2018. Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection. Annual Review of Entomology. 63, 105–123.' mla: 'Cremer, Sylvia, et al. “Social Immunity: Emergence and Evolution of Colony-Level Disease Protection.” Annual Review of Entomology, vol. 63, Annual Reviews, 2018, pp. 105–23, doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110.' short: S. Cremer, C. Pull, M. Fürst, Annual Review of Entomology 63 (2018) 105–123. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:36Z date_published: 2018-01-07T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-19T09:29:45Z day: '07' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043110 external_id: isi: - '000424633700008' intvolume: ' 63' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 105 - 123 publication: Annual Review of Entomology publication_identifier: issn: - 1545-4487 publication_status: published publisher: Annual Reviews publist_id: '6844' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '819' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Social immunity: Emergence and evolution of colony-level disease protection' type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 63 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '7' abstract: - lang: eng text: Animal social networks are shaped by multiple selection pressures, including the need to ensure efficient communication and functioning while simultaneously limiting disease transmission. Social animals could potentially further reduce epidemic risk by altering their social networks in the presence of pathogens, yet there is currently no evidence for such pathogen-triggered responses. We tested this hypothesis experimentally in the ant Lasius niger using a combination of automated tracking, controlled pathogen exposure, transmission quantification, and temporally explicit simulations. Pathogen exposure induced behavioral changes in both exposed ants and their nestmates, which helped contain the disease by reinforcing key transmission-inhibitory properties of the colony's contact network. This suggests that social network plasticity in response to pathogens is an effective strategy for mitigating the effects of disease in social groups. acknowledgement: This project was funded by two European Research Council Advanced Grants (Social Life, 249375, and resiliANT, 741491) and two Swiss National Science Foundation grants (CR32I3_141063 and 310030_156732) to L.K. and a European Research Council Starting Grant (SocialVaccines, 243071) to S.C. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nathalie full_name: Stroeymeyt, Nathalie last_name: Stroeymeyt - first_name: Anna V full_name: Grasse, Anna V id: 406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Grasse - first_name: Alessandro full_name: Crespi, Alessandro last_name: Crespi - first_name: Danielle full_name: Mersch, Danielle last_name: Mersch - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 - first_name: Laurent full_name: Keller, Laurent last_name: Keller citation: ama: Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Science. 2018;362(6417):941-945. doi:10.1126/science.aat4793 apa: Stroeymeyt, N., Grasse, A. V., Crespi, A., Mersch, D., Cremer, S., & Keller, L. (2018). Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Science. AAAS. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4793 chicago: Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, Anna V Grasse, Alessandro Crespi, Danielle Mersch, Sylvia Cremer, and Laurent Keller. “Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect.” Science. AAAS, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4793. ieee: N. Stroeymeyt, A. V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, and L. Keller, “Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect,” Science, vol. 362, no. 6417. AAAS, pp. 941–945, 2018. ista: Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. 2018. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Science. 362(6417), 941–945. mla: Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, et al. “Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect.” Science, vol. 362, no. 6417, AAAS, 2018, pp. 941–45, doi:10.1126/science.aat4793. short: N. Stroeymeyt, A.V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, L. Keller, Science 362 (2018) 941–945. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:07Z date_published: 2018-11-23T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-10-17T11:50:05Z day: '23' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1126/science.aat4793 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000451124500041' intvolume: ' 362' isi: 1 issue: '6417' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_E9228C205467.P001/REF.pdf month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 941 - 945 project: - _id: 25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '243071' name: 'Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects' publication: Science publication_identifier: issn: - 1095-9203 publication_status: published publisher: AAAS publist_id: '8049' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on IST Homepage relation: press_release url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/for-ants-unity-is-strength-and-health/ record: - id: '13055' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 362 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '13055' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Dataset for manuscript 'Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect'\r\nCompared to previous versions: - raw image files added\r\n \ - correction of URLs within README.txt file\r\n" article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nathalie full_name: Stroeymeyt, Nathalie last_name: Stroeymeyt - first_name: Anna V full_name: Grasse, Anna V id: 406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Grasse - first_name: Alessandro full_name: Crespi, Alessandro last_name: Crespi - first_name: Danielle full_name: Mersch, Danielle last_name: Mersch - first_name: Sylvia full_name: Cremer, Sylvia id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cremer orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868 - first_name: Laurent full_name: Keller, Laurent last_name: Keller citation: ama: Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. 2018. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.1322669 apa: Stroeymeyt, N., Grasse, A. V., Crespi, A., Mersch, D., Cremer, S., & Keller, L. (2018). Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1322669 chicago: Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, Anna V Grasse, Alessandro Crespi, Danielle Mersch, Sylvia Cremer, and Laurent Keller. “Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect.” Zenodo, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1322669. ieee: N. Stroeymeyt, A. V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, and L. Keller, “Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect.” Zenodo, 2018. ista: Stroeymeyt N, Grasse AV, Crespi A, Mersch D, Cremer S, Keller L. 2018. Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.1322669. mla: Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, et al. Social Network Plasticity Decreases Disease Transmission in a Eusocial Insect. Zenodo, 2018, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.1322669. short: N. Stroeymeyt, A.V. Grasse, A. Crespi, D. Mersch, S. Cremer, L. Keller, (2018). date_created: 2023-05-23T13:24:51Z date_published: 2018-10-23T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-10-17T11:50:04Z day: '23' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.1322669 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1480665 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Zenodo related_material: record: - id: '7' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: research_data_reference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '1006' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Background: The phenomenon of immune priming, i.e. enhanced protection following a secondary exposure to a pathogen, has now been demonstrated in a wide range of invertebrate species. Despite accumulating phenotypic evidence, knowledge of its mechanistic underpinnings is currently very limited. Here we used the system of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum and the insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to further our molecular understanding of the oral immune priming phenomenon. We addressed how ingestion of bacterial cues (derived from spore supernatants) of an orally pathogenic and non-pathogenic Bt strain affects gene expression upon later challenge exposure, using a whole-transcriptome sequencing approach. Results: Whereas gene expression of individuals primed with the orally non-pathogenic strain showed minor changes to controls, we found that priming with the pathogenic strain induced regulation of a large set of distinct genes, many of which are known immune candidates. Intriguingly, the immune repertoire activated upon priming and subsequent challenge qualitatively differed from the one mounted upon infection with Bt without previous priming. Moreover, a large subset of priming-specific genes showed an inverse regulation compared to their regulation upon challenge only. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that gene expression upon infection is strongly affected by previous immune priming. We hypothesise that this shift in gene expression indicates activation of a more targeted and efficient response towards a previously encountered pathogen, in anticipation of potential secondary encounter.' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Jenny full_name: Greenwood, Jenny last_name: Greenwood - first_name: Barbara full_name: Milutinovic, Barbara id: 2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Milutinovic orcid: 0000-0002-8214-4758 - first_name: Robert full_name: Peuß, Robert last_name: Peuß - first_name: Sarah full_name: Behrens, Sarah last_name: Behrens - first_name: Daniela full_name: Essar, Daniela last_name: Essar - first_name: Philip full_name: Rosenstiel, Philip last_name: Rosenstiel - first_name: Hinrich full_name: Schulenburg, Hinrich last_name: Schulenburg - first_name: Joachim full_name: Kurtz, Joachim last_name: Kurtz citation: ama: Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, et al. Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. BMC Genomics. 2017;18(1):329. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7 apa: Greenwood, J., Milutinovic, B., Peuß, R., Behrens, S., Essar, D., Rosenstiel, P., … Kurtz, J. (2017). Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. BMC Genomics. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7 chicago: Greenwood, Jenny, Barbara Milutinovic, Robert Peuß, Sarah Behrens, Daniela Essar, Philip Rosenstiel, Hinrich Schulenburg, and Joachim Kurtz. “Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae.” BMC Genomics. BioMed Central, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7. ieee: J. Greenwood et al., “Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae,” BMC Genomics, vol. 18, no. 1. BioMed Central, p. 329, 2017. ista: Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, Behrens S, Essar D, Rosenstiel P, Schulenburg H, Kurtz J. 2017. Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. BMC Genomics. 18(1), 329. mla: Greenwood, Jenny, et al. “Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae.” BMC Genomics, vol. 18, no. 1, BioMed Central, 2017, p. 329, doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7. short: J. Greenwood, B. Milutinovic, R. Peuß, S. Behrens, D. Essar, P. Rosenstiel, H. Schulenburg, J. Kurtz, BMC Genomics 18 (2017) 329. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:39Z date_published: 2017-04-26T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:47:44Z day: '26' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-3705-7 external_id: isi: - '000400625200004' file: - access_level: open_access content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:16:46Z date_updated: 2018-12-12T10:16:46Z file_id: '5236' file_name: IST-2017-814-v1+1_s12864-017-3705-7.pdf file_size: 2379672 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2018-12-12T10:16:46Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 18' isi: 1 issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '329' publication: BMC Genomics publication_identifier: issn: - '14712164' publication_status: published publisher: BioMed Central publist_id: '6392' pubrep_id: '814' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9859' relation: research_data status: public - id: '9860' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 18 year: '2017' ... --- _id: '9859' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Lists of all differentially expressed genes in the different priming-challenge treatments (compared to the fully naïve control; xlsx file). Relevant columns include the following: sample_1 and sample_2 – treatment groups being compared; Normalised FPKM sample_1 and sample_2 – FPKM of samples being compared; log2(fold_change) – log2(FPKM sample 2/FPKM sample 1), i.e. negative means sample 1 upregulated compared with sample 2, positive means sample 2 upregulated compared with sample 1; cuffdiff test_statistic – test statistic of differential expression test; p_value – p-value of differential expression test; q_value (FDR correction) – adjusted P-value of differential expression test. (XLSX 598 kb)' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Jenny full_name: Greenwood, Jenny last_name: Greenwood - first_name: Barbara full_name: Milutinovic, Barbara id: 2CDC32B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Milutinovic orcid: 0000-0002-8214-4758 - first_name: Robert full_name: Peuß, Robert last_name: Peuß - first_name: Sarah full_name: Behrens, Sarah last_name: Behrens - first_name: Daniela full_name: Essar, Daniela last_name: Essar - first_name: Philip full_name: Rosenstiel, Philip last_name: Rosenstiel - first_name: Hinrich full_name: Schulenburg, Hinrich last_name: Schulenburg - first_name: Joachim full_name: Kurtz, Joachim last_name: Kurtz citation: ama: 'Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, et al. Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. 2017. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1' apa: 'Greenwood, J., Milutinovic, B., Peuß, R., Behrens, S., Essar, D., Rosenstiel, P., … Kurtz, J. (2017). Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1' chicago: 'Greenwood, Jenny, Barbara Milutinovic, Robert Peuß, Sarah Behrens, Daniela Essar, Philip Rosenstiel, Hinrich Schulenburg, and Joachim Kurtz. “Additional File 1: Table S1. of Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae.” Springer Nature, 2017. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1.' ieee: 'J. Greenwood et al., “Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae.” Springer Nature, 2017.' ista: 'Greenwood J, Milutinovic B, Peuß R, Behrens S, Essar D, Rosenstiel P, Schulenburg H, Kurtz J. 2017. Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae, Springer Nature, 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1.' mla: 'Greenwood, Jenny, et al. Additional File 1: Table S1. of Oral Immune Priming with Bacillus Thuringiensis Induces a Shift in the Gene Expression of Tribolium Castaneum Larvae. Springer Nature, 2017, doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1.' short: J. Greenwood, B. Milutinovic, R. Peuß, S. Behrens, D. Essar, P. Rosenstiel, H. Schulenburg, J. Kurtz, (2017). date_created: 2021-08-10T07:59:02Z date_published: 2017-04-26T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:47:44Z day: '26' department: - _id: SyCr doi: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3756974_d1.v1 month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Springer Nature related_material: record: - id: '1006' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: 'Additional file 1: Table S1. of Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae' type: research_data_reference user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf year: '2017' ...