[{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Smart contracts are computer programs that are executed by a network of mutually distrusting agents, without the need of an external trusted authority. Smart contracts handle and transfer assets of considerable value (in the form of crypto-currency like Bitcoin). Hence, it is crucial that their implementation is bug-free. We identify the utility (or expected payoff) of interacting with such smart contracts as the basic and canonical quantitative property for such contracts. We present a framework for such quantitative analysis of smart contracts. Such a formal framework poses new and novel research challenges in programming languages, as it requires modeling of game-theoretic aspects to analyze incentives for deviation from honest behavior and modeling utilities which are not specified as standard temporal properties such as safety and termination. While game-theoretic incentives have been analyzed in the security community, their analysis has been restricted to the very special case of stateless games. However, to analyze smart contracts, stateful analysis is required as it must account for the different program states of the protocol. Our main contributions are as follows: we present (i)~a simplified programming language for smart contracts; (ii)~an automatic translation of the programs to state-based games; (iii)~an abstraction-refinement approach to solve such games; and (iv)~experimental results on real-world-inspired smart contracts."}],"oa_version":"Published Version","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"scopus_import":"1","month":"04","intvolume":" 10801","publication_status":"published","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"9c8a8338c571903b599b6ca93abd2cce","file_id":"5716","file_size":1394993,"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:00Z","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2018_ESOP_Chatterjee.pdf","date_created":"2018-12-17T15:45:49Z"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"8934","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"volume":10801,"ec_funded":1,"_id":"311","type":"conference","conference":{"name":"ESOP: European Symposium on Programming","start_date":"2018-04-16","end_date":"2018-04-19","location":"Thessaloniki, Greece"},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"status":"public","date_updated":"2024-03-27T23:30:33Z","ddc":["000"],"department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:00Z","acknowledgement":"The research was partially supported by Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) Project ICT15-003, Austrian Science Fund (FWF) NFN Grant No S11407-N23 (RiSE/SHiNE), and ERC Starting grant (279307: Graph Games).","publisher":"Springer","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2018","day":"01","page":"739 - 767","date_published":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-89884-1_26","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:45Z","project":[{"_id":"25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification","grant_number":"ICT15-003"},{"_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering","grant_number":"S 11407_N23"},{"grant_number":"279307","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"citation":{"mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. Quantitative Analysis of Smart Contracts. Vol. 10801, Springer, 2018, pp. 739–67, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89884-1_26.","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, and Y. Velner, “Quantitative analysis of smart contracts,” presented at the ESOP: European Symposium on Programming, Thessaloniki, Greece, 2018, vol. 10801, pp. 739–767.","short":"K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, Y. Velner, in:, Springer, 2018, pp. 739–767.","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., & Velner, Y. (2018). Quantitative analysis of smart contracts (Vol. 10801, pp. 739–767). Presented at the ESOP: European Symposium on Programming, Thessaloniki, Greece: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89884-1_26","ama":"Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Velner Y. Quantitative analysis of smart contracts. In: Vol 10801. Springer; 2018:739-767. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89884-1_26","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, and Yaron Velner. “Quantitative Analysis of Smart Contracts,” 10801:739–67. Springer, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89884-1_26.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Velner Y. 2018. Quantitative analysis of smart contracts. ESOP: European Symposium on Programming, LNCS, vol. 10801, 739–767."},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publist_id":"7554","author":[{"first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Chatterjee","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu"},{"last_name":"Goharshady","orcid":"0000-0003-1702-6584","full_name":"Goharshady, Amir","first_name":"Amir","id":"391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Yaron","last_name":"Velner","full_name":"Velner, Yaron"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Quantitative analysis of smart contracts"},{"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-1-5386-7975-3 "]},"publication_status":"published","file":[{"date_created":"2019-04-18T10:36:39Z","file_name":"blockchain2018.pdf","creator":"akafshda","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:27Z","file_size":624338,"checksum":"b25c9bb7cf6e7e6634e692d26d41ead8","file_id":"6341","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"8934","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"text":"We present a secure approach for maintaining andreporting credit history records on the Blockchain. Our ap-proach removes third-parties such as credit reporting agen-cies from the lending process and replaces them with smartcontracts. This allows customers to interact directly with thelenders or banks while ensuring the integrity, unmalleabilityand privacy of their credit data. Additionally, each customerhas full control over complete or selective disclosure of hercredit records, eliminating the risk of privacy violations or databreaches. Moreover, our approach provides strong guaranteesfor the lenders as well. A lender can check both correctness andcompleteness of the credit data disclosed to her. This is the firstapproach that can perform all credit reporting tasks withouta central authority or changing the financial mechanisms*.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","scopus_import":"1","month":"09","date_updated":"2024-03-27T23:30:34Z","ddc":["000"],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:27Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"_id":"6340","type":"conference","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png"},"conference":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Blockchain","start_date":"2018-07-30","end_date":"2018-08-03","location":"Halifax, Canada"},"status":"public","isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2018","day":"01","publication":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain","page":"1343-1348","date_published":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00231","date_created":"2019-04-18T10:37:35Z","publisher":"IEEE","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"citation":{"ista":"Goharshady AK, Behrouz A, Chatterjee K. 2018. Secure Credit Reporting on the Blockchain. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain. IEEE International Conference on Blockchain, 1343–1348.","chicago":"Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar, Ali Behrouz, and Krishnendu Chatterjee. “Secure Credit Reporting on the Blockchain.” In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain, 1343–48. IEEE, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00231.","short":"A.K. Goharshady, A. Behrouz, K. Chatterjee, in:, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain, IEEE, 2018, pp. 1343–1348.","ieee":"A. K. Goharshady, A. Behrouz, and K. Chatterjee, “Secure Credit Reporting on the Blockchain,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain, Halifax, Canada, 2018, pp. 1343–1348.","apa":"Goharshady, A. K., Behrouz, A., & Chatterjee, K. (2018). Secure Credit Reporting on the Blockchain. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (pp. 1343–1348). Halifax, Canada: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00231","ama":"Goharshady AK, Behrouz A, Chatterjee K. Secure Credit Reporting on the Blockchain. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain. IEEE; 2018:1343-1348. doi:10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00231","mla":"Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar, et al. “Secure Credit Reporting on the Blockchain.” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Blockchain, IEEE, 2018, pp. 1343–48, doi:10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00231."},"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-1702-6584","full_name":"Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar","last_name":"Goharshady","first_name":"Amir Kafshdar","id":"391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Behrouz, Ali","last_name":"Behrouz","first_name":"Ali"},{"id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","last_name":"Chatterjee"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000481634500196"],"arxiv":["1805.09104"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Secure Credit Reporting on the Blockchain","project":[{"_id":"25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"ICT15-003","name":"Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification"},{"name":"Quantitative Game-theoretic Analysis of Blockchain Applications and Smart Contracts","_id":"266EEEC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"279307","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications"},{"_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"S 11407_N23","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering"}]},{"scopus_import":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1510.07565"}],"month":"08","intvolume":" 40","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We study algorithmic questions wrt algebraic path properties in concurrent systems, where the transitions of the system are labeled from a complete, closed semiring. The algebraic path properties can model dataflow analysis problems, the shortest path problem, and many other natural problems that arise in program analysis. We consider that each component of the concurrent system is a graph with constant treewidth, a property satisfied by the controlflow graphs of most programs. We allow for multiple possible queries, which arise naturally in demand driven dataflow analysis. The study of multiple queries allows us to consider the tradeoff between the resource usage of the one-time preprocessing and for each individual query. The traditional approach constructs the product graph of all components and applies the best-known graph algorithm on the product. In this approach, even the answer to a single query requires the transitive closure (i.e., the results of all possible queries), which provides no room for tradeoff between preprocessing and query time.\r\nOur main contributions are algorithms that significantly improve the worst-case running time of the traditional approach, and provide various tradeoffs depending on the number of queries. For example, in a concurrent system of two components, the traditional approach requires hexic time in the worst case for answering one query as well as computing the transitive closure, whereas we show that with one-time preprocessing in almost cubic time, each subsequent query can be answered in at most linear time, and even the transitive closure can be computed in almost quartic time. Furthermore, we establish conditional optimality results showing that the worst-case running time of our algorithms cannot be improved without achieving major breakthroughs in graph algorithms (i.e., improving the worst-case bound for the shortest path problem in general graphs). Preliminary experimental results show that our algorithms perform favorably on several benchmarks.\r\n"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","status":"public","id":"1437"},{"id":"5441","status":"public","relation":"earlier_version"},{"relation":"earlier_version","id":"5442","status":"public"},{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"8934","status":"public"}]},"issue":"3","volume":40,"ec_funded":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0164-0925"]},"publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","status":"public","_id":"6009","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2024-03-27T23:30:34Z","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","oa":1,"date_published":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1145/3210257","date_created":"2019-02-14T14:31:52Z","isi":1,"year":"2018","day":"01","publication":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification","grant_number":"P 23499-N23"},{"name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering","grant_number":"S 11407_N23","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"279307","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications"}],"article_number":"9","author":[{"first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"id":"3B699956-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Rasmus","full_name":"Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus","orcid":"0000-0003-4783-0389","last_name":"Ibsen-Jensen"},{"first_name":"Amir Kafshdar","id":"391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Goharshady","orcid":"0000-0003-1702-6584","full_name":"Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar"},{"first_name":"Andreas","id":"49704004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Pavlogiannis","full_name":"Pavlogiannis, Andreas","orcid":"0000-0002-8943-0722"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["1510.07565"],"isi":["000444694800001"]},"title":"Algorithms for algebraic path properties in concurrent systems of constant treewidth components","citation":{"ama":"Chatterjee K, Ibsen-Jensen R, Goharshady AK, Pavlogiannis A. Algorithms for algebraic path properties in concurrent systems of constant treewidth components. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. 2018;40(3). doi:10.1145/3210257","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Ibsen-Jensen, R., Goharshady, A. K., & Pavlogiannis, A. (2018). Algorithms for algebraic path properties in concurrent systems of constant treewidth components. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/3210257","short":"K. Chatterjee, R. Ibsen-Jensen, A.K. Goharshady, A. Pavlogiannis, ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 40 (2018).","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, R. Ibsen-Jensen, A. K. Goharshady, and A. Pavlogiannis, “Algorithms for algebraic path properties in concurrent systems of constant treewidth components,” ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, vol. 40, no. 3. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2018.","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Algorithms for Algebraic Path Properties in Concurrent Systems of Constant Treewidth Components.” ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, vol. 40, no. 3, 9, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2018, doi:10.1145/3210257.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Ibsen-Jensen R, Goharshady AK, Pavlogiannis A. 2018. Algorithms for algebraic path properties in concurrent systems of constant treewidth components. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. 40(3), 9.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, and Andreas Pavlogiannis. “Algorithms for Algebraic Path Properties in Concurrent Systems of Constant Treewidth Components.” ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2018. https://doi.org/10.1145/3210257."},"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1"},{"date_updated":"2024-03-27T23:30:34Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"_id":"5977","status":"public","type":"conference","conference":{"name":"IJCAI: International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","end_date":"2018-07-19","location":"Stockholm, Sweden","start_date":"2018-07-13"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["10450823"],"isbn":["978-099924112-7"]},"publication_status":"published","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"8934","status":"public"}]},"volume":2018,"ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"text":"We consider the stochastic shortest path (SSP)problem for succinct Markov decision processes(MDPs), where the MDP consists of a set of vari-ables, and a set of nondeterministic rules that up-date the variables. First, we show that several ex-amples from the AI literature can be modeled assuccinct MDPs. Then we present computationalapproaches for upper and lower bounds for theSSP problem: (a) for computing upper bounds, ourmethod is polynomial-time in the implicit descrip-tion of the MDP; (b) for lower bounds, we present apolynomial-time (in the size of the implicit descrip-tion) reduction to quadratic programming. Our ap-proach is applicable even to infinite-state MDPs.Finally, we present experimental results to demon-strate the effectiveness of our approach on severalclassical examples from the AI literature.","lang":"eng"}],"month":"07","intvolume":" 2018","scopus_import":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.08984","open_access":"1"}],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","citation":{"ama":"Chatterjee K, Fu H, Goharshady AK, Okati N. Computational approaches for stochastic shortest path on succinct MDPs. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Vol 2018. IJCAI; 2018:4700-4707. doi:10.24963/ijcai.2018/653","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Fu, H., Goharshady, A. K., & Okati, N. (2018). Computational approaches for stochastic shortest path on succinct MDPs. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (Vol. 2018, pp. 4700–4707). Stockholm, Sweden: IJCAI. https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/653","short":"K. Chatterjee, H. Fu, A.K. Goharshady, N. Okati, in:, Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI, 2018, pp. 4700–4707.","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, H. Fu, A. K. Goharshady, and N. Okati, “Computational approaches for stochastic shortest path on succinct MDPs,” in Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Stockholm, Sweden, 2018, vol. 2018, pp. 4700–4707.","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Computational Approaches for Stochastic Shortest Path on Succinct MDPs.” Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 2018, IJCAI, 2018, pp. 4700–07, doi:10.24963/ijcai.2018/653.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Fu H, Goharshady AK, Okati N. 2018. Computational approaches for stochastic shortest path on succinct MDPs. Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. IJCAI: International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence vol. 2018, 4700–4707.","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Hongfei Fu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, and Nastaran Okati. “Computational Approaches for Stochastic Shortest Path on Succinct MDPs.” In Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2018:4700–4707. IJCAI, 2018. https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/653."},"title":"Computational approaches for stochastic shortest path on succinct MDPs","author":[{"id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"last_name":"Fu","full_name":"Fu, Hongfei","first_name":"Hongfei","id":"3AAD03D6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Goharshady","full_name":"Goharshady, Amir","orcid":"0000-0003-1702-6584","first_name":"Amir","id":"391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Okati, Nastaran","last_name":"Okati","first_name":"Nastaran"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["1804.08984"],"isi":["000764175404118"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","project":[{"_id":"25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"ICT15-003","name":"Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering","grant_number":"S 11407_N23"},{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications","grant_number":"279307"}],"day":"17","publication":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","isi":1,"year":"2018","doi":"10.24963/ijcai.2018/653","date_published":"2018-07-17T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2019-02-13T13:26:27Z","page":"4700-4707","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"IJCAI","oa":1},{"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:05Z","date_published":"2018-11-27T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1810565115","page":"12241-12246","publication":"PNAS","day":"27","year":"2018","isi":1,"oa":1,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Indirect reciprocity with private, noisy, and incomplete information","external_id":{"isi":["000451351000063"],"pmid":["30429320"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"id":"2FDF8F3C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Hilbe","full_name":"Hilbe, Christian","orcid":"0000-0001-5116-955X"},{"full_name":"Schmid, Laura","orcid":"0000-0002-6978-7329","last_name":"Schmid","id":"38B437DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Laura"},{"full_name":"Tkadlec, Josef","orcid":"0000-0002-1097-9684","last_name":"Tkadlec","first_name":"Josef","id":"3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"last_name":"Nowak","full_name":"Nowak, Martin","first_name":"Martin"}],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","citation":{"ista":"Hilbe C, Schmid L, Tkadlec J, Chatterjee K, Nowak M. 2018. Indirect reciprocity with private, noisy, and incomplete information. PNAS. 115(48), 12241–12246.","chicago":"Hilbe, Christian, Laura Schmid, Josef Tkadlec, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Martin Nowak. “Indirect Reciprocity with Private, Noisy, and Incomplete Information.” PNAS. National Academy of Sciences, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810565115.","apa":"Hilbe, C., Schmid, L., Tkadlec, J., Chatterjee, K., & Nowak, M. (2018). Indirect reciprocity with private, noisy, and incomplete information. PNAS. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810565115","ama":"Hilbe C, Schmid L, Tkadlec J, Chatterjee K, Nowak M. Indirect reciprocity with private, noisy, and incomplete information. PNAS. 2018;115(48):12241-12246. doi:10.1073/pnas.1810565115","ieee":"C. Hilbe, L. Schmid, J. Tkadlec, K. Chatterjee, and M. Nowak, “Indirect reciprocity with private, noisy, and incomplete information,” PNAS, vol. 115, no. 48. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 12241–12246, 2018.","short":"C. Hilbe, L. Schmid, J. Tkadlec, K. Chatterjee, M. Nowak, PNAS 115 (2018) 12241–12246.","mla":"Hilbe, Christian, et al. “Indirect Reciprocity with Private, Noisy, and Incomplete Information.” PNAS, vol. 115, no. 48, National Academy of Sciences, 2018, pp. 12241–46, doi:10.1073/pnas.1810565115."},"project":[{"_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications","grant_number":"279307"},{"grant_number":"P 23499-N23","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering","grant_number":"S 11407_N23"},{"name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme","grant_number":"291734","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7"}],"ec_funded":1,"volume":115,"related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"press_release","url":"https://ist.ac.at/en/news/no-cooperation-without-open-communication/","description":"News on IST Homepage"}],"record":[{"status":"public","id":"10293","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"issue":"48","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 115","month":"11","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30429320","open_access":"1"}],"scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"oa_version":"Submitted Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Indirect reciprocity explores how humans act when their reputation is at stake, and which social norms they use to assess the actions of others. A crucial question in indirect reciprocity is which social norms can maintain stable cooperation in a society. Past research has highlighted eight such norms, called “leading-eight” strategies. This past research, however, is based on the assumption that all relevant information about other population members is publicly available and that everyone agrees on who is good or bad. Instead, here we explore the reputation dynamics when information is private and noisy. We show that under these conditions, most leading-eight strategies fail to evolve. Those leading-eight strategies that do evolve are unable to sustain full cooperation.Indirect reciprocity is a mechanism for cooperation based on shared moral systems and individual reputations. It assumes that members of a community routinely observe and assess each other and that they use this information to decide who is good or bad, and who deserves cooperation. When information is transmitted publicly, such that all community members agree on each other’s reputation, previous research has highlighted eight crucial moral systems. These “leading-eight” strategies can maintain cooperation and resist invasion by defectors. However, in real populations individuals often hold their own private views of others. Once two individuals disagree about their opinion of some third party, they may also see its subsequent actions in a different light. Their opinions may further diverge over time. Herein, we explore indirect reciprocity when information transmission is private and noisy. We find that in the presence of perception errors, most leading-eight strategies cease to be stable. Even if a leading-eight strategy evolves, cooperation rates may drop considerably when errors are common. Our research highlights the role of reliable information and synchronized reputations to maintain stable moral systems."}],"department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_updated":"2024-03-27T23:30:44Z","status":"public","type":"journal_article","_id":"2"},{"year":"2017","publication":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","day":"07","date_created":"2021-12-05T23:01:49Z","doi":"10.1145/3158121","date_published":"2017-12-07T00:00:00Z","acknowledgement":"McIver and Morgan are grateful to David Basin and the Information Security Group at ETH Zürich for hosting a six-month stay in Switzerland, during part of which this work began. And thanks particularly to Andreas Lochbihler, who shared with us the probabilistic termination problem that led to it. They acknowledge the support of ARC grant DP140101119. Part of this work was carried out during the Workshop on Probabilistic Programming Semantics\r\nat McGill University’s Bellairs Research Institute on Barbados organised by Alexandra Silva and\r\nPrakash Panangaden. Kaminski and Katoen are grateful to Sebastian Junges for spotting a flaw in §5.4.","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery","citation":{"chicago":"Mciver, Annabelle, Carroll Morgan, Benjamin Lucien Kaminski, and Joost P Katoen. “A New Proof Rule for Almost-Sure Termination.” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. Association for Computing Machinery, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1145/3158121.","ista":"Mciver A, Morgan C, Kaminski BL, Katoen JP. 2017. A new proof rule for almost-sure termination. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. 2(POPL), 33.","mla":"Mciver, Annabelle, et al. “A New Proof Rule for Almost-Sure Termination.” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, vol. 2, no. POPL, 33, Association for Computing Machinery, 2017, doi:10.1145/3158121.","ieee":"A. Mciver, C. Morgan, B. L. Kaminski, and J. P. Katoen, “A new proof rule for almost-sure termination,” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, vol. 2, no. POPL. Association for Computing Machinery, 2017.","short":"A. Mciver, C. Morgan, B.L. Kaminski, J.P. Katoen, Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 2 (2017).","ama":"Mciver A, Morgan C, Kaminski BL, Katoen JP. A new proof rule for almost-sure termination. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. 2017;2(POPL). doi:10.1145/3158121","apa":"Mciver, A., Morgan, C., Kaminski, B. L., & Katoen, J. P. (2017). A new proof rule for almost-sure termination. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. Los Angeles, CA, United States: Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3158121"},"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["1711.03588"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Mciver, Annabelle","last_name":"Mciver","first_name":"Annabelle"},{"first_name":"Carroll","full_name":"Morgan, Carroll","last_name":"Morgan"},{"first_name":"Benjamin Lucien","last_name":"Kaminski","full_name":"Kaminski, Benjamin Lucien"},{"full_name":"Katoen, Joost P","last_name":"Katoen","id":"4524F760-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Joost P"}],"title":"A new proof rule for almost-sure termination","article_number":"33","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2475-1421"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"POPL","volume":2,"abstract":[{"text":"We present a new proof rule for proving almost-sure termination of probabilistic programs, including those that contain demonic non-determinism. An important question for a probabilistic program is whether the probability mass of all its diverging runs is zero, that is that it terminates \"almost surely\". Proving that can be hard, and this paper presents a new method for doing so. It applies directly to the program's source code, even if the program contains demonic choice. Like others, we use variant functions (a.k.a. \"super-martingales\") that are real-valued and decrease randomly on each loop iteration; but our key innovation is that the amount as well as the probability of the decrease are parametric. We prove the soundness of the new rule, indicate where its applicability goes beyond existing rules, and explain its connection to classical results on denumerable (non-demonic) Markov chains.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3158121","open_access":"1"}],"scopus_import":"1","intvolume":" 2","month":"12","date_updated":"2021-12-07T08:04:14Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"},{"_id":"ToHe"}],"_id":"10418","conference":{"end_date":"2018-01-13","location":"Los Angeles, CA, United States","start_date":"2018-01-07","name":"POPL: Programming Languages"},"article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","status":"public"},{"day":"26","publication":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2017","date_published":"2017-09-26T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.23638/LMCS-13(3:26)2017","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:37Z","publisher":"International Federation of Computational Logic","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Improved Algorithms for Parity and Streett Objectives.” Logical Methods in Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 3, 26, International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017, doi:10.23638/LMCS-13(3:26)2017.","ama":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger MH, Loitzenbauer V. Improved algorithms for parity and Streett objectives. Logical Methods in Computer Science. 2017;13(3). doi:10.23638/LMCS-13(3:26)2017","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Henzinger, M. H., & Loitzenbauer, V. (2017). Improved algorithms for parity and Streett objectives. Logical Methods in Computer Science. International Federation of Computational Logic. https://doi.org/10.23638/LMCS-13(3:26)2017","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, M. H. Henzinger, and V. Loitzenbauer, “Improved algorithms for parity and Streett objectives,” Logical Methods in Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 3. International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017.","short":"K. Chatterjee, M.H. Henzinger, V. Loitzenbauer, Logical Methods in Computer Science 13 (2017).","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Monika H Henzinger, and Veronika Loitzenbauer. “Improved Algorithms for Parity and Streett Objectives.” Logical Methods in Computer Science. International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017. https://doi.org/10.23638/LMCS-13(3:26)2017.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger MH, Loitzenbauer V. 2017. Improved algorithms for parity and Streett objectives. Logical Methods in Computer Science. 13(3), 26."},"title":"Improved algorithms for parity and Streett objectives","author":[{"id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-5008-6530","full_name":"Henzinger, Monika H","last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Monika H","id":"540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630"},{"full_name":"Loitzenbauer, Veronika","last_name":"Loitzenbauer","first_name":"Veronika"}],"publist_id":"7357","external_id":{"arxiv":["1410.0833"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","article_number":"26","project":[{"grant_number":"P 23499-N23","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification","_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF"},{"_id":"25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Game Theory","grant_number":"S11407"},{"_id":"25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification","grant_number":"ICT15-003"},{"_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications","grant_number":"279307"}],"file":[{"file_size":582940,"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:32Z","creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2018-956-v1+1_2017_Chatterjee_Improved_algorithms.pdf","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:13:27Z","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"5010","checksum":"12d469ae69b80361333d7dead965cf5d"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1860-5974"]},"publication_status":"published","issue":"3","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"1661","status":"public","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"volume":13,"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/","ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"The computation of the winning set for parity objectives and for Streett objectives in graphs as well as in game graphs are central problems in computer-aided verification, with application to the verification of closed systems with strong fairness conditions, the verification of open systems, checking interface compatibility, well-formedness of specifications, and the synthesis of reactive systems. We show how to compute the winning set on n vertices for (1) parity-3 (aka one-pair Streett) objectives in game graphs in time O(n5/2) and for (2) k-pair Streett objectives in graphs in time O(n2+nklogn). For both problems this gives faster algorithms for dense graphs and represents the first improvement in asymptotic running time in 15 years.","lang":"eng"}],"month":"09","intvolume":" 13","scopus_import":"1","ddc":["004"],"date_updated":"2023-02-23T10:08:55Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:32Z","_id":"464","status":"public","pubrep_id":"956","type":"journal_article","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode","image":"/image/cc_by_nd.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)","short":"CC BY-ND (4.0)"}},{"date_published":"2017-07-03T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.23638/LMCS-13(2:15)2017","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:38Z","day":"03","publication":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2017","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"International Federation of Computational Logic","oa":1,"title":"Unifying two views on multiple mean-payoff objectives in Markov decision processes","publist_id":"7355","author":[{"last_name":"Chatterjee","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krishnendu"},{"first_name":"Zuzana","full_name":"Křetínská, Zuzana","last_name":"Křetínská"},{"id":"44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jan","full_name":"Kretinsky, Jan","orcid":"0000-0002-8122-2881","last_name":"Kretinsky"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Unifying Two Views on Multiple Mean-Payoff Objectives in Markov Decision Processes.” Logical Methods in Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 2, 15, International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017, doi:10.23638/LMCS-13(2:15)2017.","short":"K. Chatterjee, Z. Křetínská, J. Kretinsky, Logical Methods in Computer Science 13 (2017).","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, Z. Křetínská, and J. Kretinsky, “Unifying two views on multiple mean-payoff objectives in Markov decision processes,” Logical Methods in Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 2. International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017.","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Křetínská, Z., & Kretinsky, J. (2017). Unifying two views on multiple mean-payoff objectives in Markov decision processes. Logical Methods in Computer Science. International Federation of Computational Logic. https://doi.org/10.23638/LMCS-13(2:15)2017","ama":"Chatterjee K, Křetínská Z, Kretinsky J. Unifying two views on multiple mean-payoff objectives in Markov decision processes. Logical Methods in Computer Science. 2017;13(2). doi:10.23638/LMCS-13(2:15)2017","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Zuzana Křetínská, and Jan Kretinsky. “Unifying Two Views on Multiple Mean-Payoff Objectives in Markov Decision Processes.” Logical Methods in Computer Science. International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017. https://doi.org/10.23638/LMCS-13(2:15)2017.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Křetínská Z, Kretinsky J. 2017. Unifying two views on multiple mean-payoff objectives in Markov decision processes. Logical Methods in Computer Science. 13(2), 15."},"project":[{"name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme","grant_number":"291734","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"P 23499-N23","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification"},{"_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"279307","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications"},{"name":"Atomic-Resolution Structures of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Supercomplexes (H2020)","grant_number":"701309","_id":"2590DB08-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"article_number":"15","volume":13,"issue":"2","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","status":"public","id":"1657"},{"id":"5429","status":"public","relation":"earlier_version"},{"status":"public","id":"5435","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"ec_funded":1,"file":[{"creator":"system","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:33Z","file_size":511832,"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:18:32Z","file_name":"IST-2018-957-v1+1_2017_Chatterjee_Unifying_two.pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"bfa405385ec6229ad5ead89ab5751639","file_id":"5354"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["18605974"]},"publication_status":"published","month":"07","intvolume":" 13","scopus_import":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We consider Markov decision processes (MDPs) with multiple limit-average (or mean-payoff) objectives. There exist two different views: (i) the expectation semantics, where the goal is to optimize the expected mean-payoff objective, and (ii) the satisfaction semantics, where the goal is to maximize the probability of runs such that the mean-payoff value stays above a given vector. We consider optimization with respect to both objectives at once, thus unifying the existing semantics. Precisely, the goal is to optimize the expectation while ensuring the satisfaction constraint. Our problem captures the notion of optimization with respect to strategies that are risk-averse (i.e., ensure certain probabilistic guarantee). Our main results are as follows: First, we present algorithms for the decision problems which are always polynomial in the size of the MDP. We also show that an approximation of the Pareto-curve can be computed in time polynomial in the size of the MDP, and the approximation factor, but exponential in the number of dimensions. Second, we present a complete characterization of the strategy complexity (in terms of memory bounds and randomization) required to solve our problem. "}],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:33Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"ddc":["004"],"date_updated":"2023-02-23T12:26:16Z","status":"public","pubrep_id":"957","type":"journal_article","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode","image":"/image/cc_by_nd.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)","short":"CC BY-ND (4.0)"},"_id":"466"},{"publication":"ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL)","day":"01","year":"2017","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:38Z","date_published":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1145/3152769","oa":1,"publisher":"ACM","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Thomas A Henzinger, and Jan Otop. “Nested Weighted Automata.” ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL). ACM, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1145/3152769.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Otop J. 2017. Nested weighted automata. ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL). 18(4), 31.","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Nested Weighted Automata.” ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL), vol. 18, no. 4, 31, ACM, 2017, doi:10.1145/3152769.","ama":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Otop J. Nested weighted automata. ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL). 2017;18(4). doi:10.1145/3152769","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Henzinger, T. A., & Otop, J. (2017). Nested weighted automata. ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3152769","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, T. A. Henzinger, and J. Otop, “Nested weighted automata,” ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL), vol. 18, no. 4. ACM, 2017.","short":"K. Chatterjee, T.A. Henzinger, J. Otop, ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL) 18 (2017)."},"title":"Nested weighted automata","external_id":{"arxiv":["1606.03598"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Chatterjee","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X"},{"first_name":"Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","last_name":"Henzinger"},{"id":"2FC5DA74-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jan","full_name":"Otop, Jan","last_name":"Otop"}],"publist_id":"7354","article_number":"31","project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"S 11407_N23","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering"},{"_id":"25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"Z211","name":"The Wittgenstein Prize"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"P 23499-N23","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification"},{"_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"279307","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications"},{"_id":"2587B514-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["15293785"]},"ec_funded":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","status":"public","id":"1656"},{"relation":"earlier_version","id":"5415","status":"public"},{"status":"public","id":"5436","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"issue":"4","volume":18,"oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"text":"Recently there has been a significant effort to handle quantitative properties in formal verification and synthesis. While weighted automata over finite and infinite words provide a natural and flexible framework to express quantitative properties, perhaps surprisingly, some basic system properties such as average response time cannot be expressed using weighted automata or in any other known decidable formalism. In this work, we introduce nested weighted automata as a natural extension of weighted automata, which makes it possible to express important quantitative properties such as average response time. In nested weighted automata, a master automaton spins off and collects results from weighted slave automata, each of which computes a quantity along a finite portion of an infinite word. Nested weighted automata can be viewed as the quantitative analogue of monitor automata, which are used in runtime verification. We establish an almost-complete decidability picture for the basic decision problems about nested weighted automata and illustrate their applicability in several domains. In particular, nested weighted automata can be used to decide average response time properties.","lang":"eng"}],"intvolume":" 18","month":"12","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.03598","open_access":"1"}],"scopus_import":1,"date_updated":"2023-02-23T12:26:19Z","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"},{"_id":"ToHe"}],"_id":"467","status":"public","type":"journal_article"},{"project":[{"_id":"25F5A88A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"S11402-N23","name":"Moderne Concurrency Paradigms"},{"_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification","grant_number":"P 23499-N23"},{"grant_number":"Z211","name":"The Wittgenstein Prize","_id":"25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF"},{"_id":"25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"267989","name":"Quantitative Reactive Modeling"},{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"279307","name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"S11407","name":"Game Theory"}],"publist_id":"7356","author":[{"last_name":"Chatterjee","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","first_name":"Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","last_name":"Henzinger"},{"full_name":"Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus","orcid":"0000-0003-4783-0389","last_name":"Ibsen-Jensen","first_name":"Rasmus","id":"3B699956-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Otop","full_name":"Otop, Jan"}],"title":"Edit distance for pushdown automata","citation":{"ieee":"K. Chatterjee, T. A. Henzinger, R. Ibsen-Jensen, and J. Otop, “Edit distance for pushdown automata,” Logical Methods in Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 3. International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017.","short":"K. Chatterjee, T.A. Henzinger, R. Ibsen-Jensen, J. Otop, Logical Methods in Computer Science 13 (2017).","ama":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Ibsen-Jensen R, Otop J. Edit distance for pushdown automata. Logical Methods in Computer Science. 2017;13(3). doi:10.23638/LMCS-13(3:23)2017","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Henzinger, T. A., Ibsen-Jensen, R., & Otop, J. (2017). Edit distance for pushdown automata. Logical Methods in Computer Science. International Federation of Computational Logic. https://doi.org/10.23638/LMCS-13(3:23)2017","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Edit Distance for Pushdown Automata.” Logical Methods in Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 3, International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017, doi:10.23638/LMCS-13(3:23)2017.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Ibsen-Jensen R, Otop J. 2017. Edit distance for pushdown automata. Logical Methods in Computer Science. 13(3).","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Thomas A Henzinger, Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen, and Jan Otop. “Edit Distance for Pushdown Automata.” Logical Methods in Computer Science. International Federation of Computational Logic, 2017. https://doi.org/10.23638/LMCS-13(3:23)2017."},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"International Federation of Computational Logic","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:37Z","date_published":"2017-09-13T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.23638/LMCS-13(3:23)2017","year":"2017","has_accepted_license":"1","publication":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","day":"13","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode","image":"/image/cc_by_nd.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)","short":"CC BY-ND (4.0)"},"type":"journal_article","pubrep_id":"955","status":"public","_id":"465","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"},{"_id":"ToHe"}],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:33Z","date_updated":"2023-02-23T12:26:25Z","ddc":["004"],"scopus_import":1,"intvolume":" 13","month":"09","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The edit distance between two words w 1 , w 2 is the minimal number of word operations (letter insertions, deletions, and substitutions) necessary to transform w 1 to w 2 . The edit distance generalizes to languages L 1 , L 2 , where the edit distance from L 1 to L 2 is the minimal number k such that for every word from L 1 there exists a word in L 2 with edit distance at most k . We study the edit distance computation problem between pushdown automata and their subclasses. The problem of computing edit distance to a pushdown automaton is undecidable, and in practice, the interesting question is to compute the edit distance from a pushdown automaton (the implementation, a standard model for programs with recursion) to a regular language (the specification). In this work, we present a complete picture of decidability and complexity for the following problems: (1) deciding whether, for a given threshold k , the edit distance from a pushdown automaton to a finite automaton is at most k , and (2) deciding whether the edit distance from a pushdown automaton to a finite automaton is finite. "}],"oa_version":"Published Version","ec_funded":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","id":"1610","status":"public"},{"status":"public","id":"5438","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"volume":13,"issue":"3","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["18605974"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"creator":"system","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:33Z","file_size":279071,"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:37Z","file_name":"IST-2015-321-v1+1_main.pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"08041379ba408d40664f449eb5907a8f","file_id":"5090"},{"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"5091","checksum":"08041379ba408d40664f449eb5907a8f","creator":"system","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:33Z","file_size":279071,"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:38Z","file_name":"IST-2018-955-v1+1_2017_Chatterjee_Edit_distance.pdf"}]}]